2型糖尿病肥胖患者代谢状态、HCY和CRP水平变化

目的：探讨肥胖2型糖尿病患者代谢状态，血清同型半胱氨酸（Hey）及C-反应蛋白（CRP）变化，为其综合治疗提供依据。方法：将116例2型糖尿病患者按体重指数（BMI）分为肥胖组66例（BMI≥28kg／m2）和非肥胖组50例（BMI〈24kg／m2）。测定血压（SBP／DBP）、空腹血糖（FBG）、糖化血红蛋白（GHbAlc）、血浆空腹胰岛素（F—ins）、血总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL—C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL—C）、血尿酸（BUA）血清同型半胱氨酸（Hey）及C-反应蛋白CRP。结果：肥胖组DBP、TG、LDL—C、F—ins、UAER、BUA、CRP及Hey明显高于非肥胖组（P〈0．05，0．01）；高密度脂蛋白一胆固醇（HDL—C）明显低于非肥胖组；TC、FBG、GHbAlc水平两组间差异无显著性。结论：2型糖尿病肥胖患者代谢紊乱较非肥胖者明显，对其代谢异常应进行综合治疗。     

超敏C反应蛋白与新诊断的肥胖和非肥胖2型糖尿病的相关性研究

目的 探讨超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)与肥胖和非肥胖2型糖尿病的相关性.方法 81例新诊断的T2DM患者根据体重指数(BMI)分为肥胖和非肥胖2组,肥胖组40例,非肥胖组41例.检测两组患者的血清超敏C反应蛋白水平.结果 肥胖组较非肥胖组超敏C反应蛋白水平明显增高,且差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 血清hs-CRP与肥胖2型糖尿病的发生有明显相关性,炎症反应可能在肥胖2型糖尿病的发病机制中起重要作用.     

2型糖尿病患者C反应蛋白与脂肪分布的关系

目的探讨2型糖尿病患者C反应蛋白与脂肪分布的关系。方法将80例2型糖尿病患者分别按照BMI和腰围进行分组,分别测定不同组患者外周血C反应蛋白水平。结果2型糖尿病患者中BMI越高C反应蛋白越高,腰围越大C反应蛋白越高,且腰围与C反应蛋白相关性更大。结论2型糖尿病患者肥胖者炎症反应较非肥胖者重,且腹型肥胖对C反应蛋白的影响更大。     

肥胖的2型糖尿病患者代谢状态的临床分析

目的通过观察肥胖和非肥胖的2型糖尿病患者的代谢状态,了解肥胖的2型糖尿病患者代谢紊乱的特点.方法将88例2型糖尿病患者按体重指数(BMI)分为2组,肥胖组48例(BMI≥25kg/m2)和非肥胖组40例(BMI<25kg/m2).测定血压(SBP/DBP)、空腹血糖(FPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1C)、血浆空腹胰岛素(F-ins)、血总胆固醇(Tch)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-c)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-c)、24小时尿白蛋白排泄率(UAER)、血尿酸(BUA).结果 2型糖尿病肥胖组SBP,TG,LDL-c, F-ins, UAER, BUA明显高于非肥胖组, HDL-c较非肥胖组明显低,两组间比较均有统计学意义;Tch, FPG, HbA1C水平两组之间无明显差异.结论肥胖的2型糖尿病患者有明显的代谢紊乱.BMI是影响糖尿病患者脂代谢、血压、胰岛素水平、血尿酸水平及尿白蛋白排泄率的重要因素.对2型糖尿病伴有肥胖的患者应予以重视,对其代谢异常进行综合治疗.     

肥胖与非肥胖糖耐量受损患者血清C反应蛋白表达水平的研究

目的：探讨肥胖和非肥胖糖耐量受损（IGT）患者血清CRP表达的差异和临床意义。方法：117例IGT患者和68例正常糖耐量（NGT）对照组按BMI≥25kg／m^2和BMI〈23kg／m^2分为肥胖组与非肥胖组,以免疫散射比浊法测定CRP并加以比较。结果：CRP水平IGT组和NGT组各自组内比较,肥胖者均较非肥胖者高（P〈0．05）;组间比较,IGT组较NGT组CRP水平在肥胖者和非肥胖者均增高,差异显著（P〈0．01）。结论：IGT患者较NGT患者,肥胖较非肥胖者的炎症因子表达更显著。     

肥胖的2型糖尿病患者血脂代谢紊乱与视网膜病变的临床分析

目的 通过观察肥胖和非肥胖的2型糖尿病患者的视网膜病变情况,了解肥胖的2型糖尿病患者的血脂代谢情况及视刚膜病变与血脂代谢紊乱的关系.方法 将68例2型糖尿病患者按体重指数BMI分两组,肥胖组BMI≥25kg/m2,36例.非肥胖组BMI≤25kg/m2,32例.测定血胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)及眼底的变化.结果 发现2型糖尿病患者血脂异常及视网膜病变比非肥胖组高.结论 肥胖的2型糖尿病患者有明显的脂代谢紊乱,且脂代谢异常对视网膜病变的产生相关.     

肥胖对急性胰腺炎严重程度的影响及分析

目的:探讨肥胖对急性重症胰腺炎严重程度的影响,并探讨其初步机制。方法:分析我院急性胰腺炎患者128例,根据体重指数(BMI),分为肥胖组(BMI≥28 kg/m2)和非肥胖组(BMI<28 kg/m2),比较两组患者病情严重程度、并发症发生情况及入院24h内血清白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平。结果:肥胖组中急性重症胰腺炎患者比例显著高于非肥胖组(P<0.05),肥胖组中胰腺坏死、胰腺脓肿、胰腺假性囊肿、肺功能衰竭发生率及死亡率显著高于非肥胖组(P<0.05)。而且肥胖组炎症因子IL-6、CRP和TNF-α水平显著高于非肥胖组(P<0.05)。结论:肥胖是影响急性胰腺炎患者病情严重程度的重要因素,其机制可能与扩大的炎症反应有关。     

肥胖对老年糖尿病人胰岛素及C肽水平的影响

目的 :研究老年 型糖尿病 (DM)患者胰岛素 (INS)水平、 C肽 (CP)水平及肥胖对它们的影响。方法 : 型 DM组 :肥胖 [n =15 ,年龄 (6 8.40± 4.46 )岁 ,BMI(2 8.40± 3.2 0 ) kg/ m2 ],非肥胖 [n =19,年龄 (6 9.84± 5 .5 7)岁 ,BMI(2 0 .89± 1.88) kg/ m2 ]。对照组 :肥胖 [n =10 ,年龄 (6 8.5 0± 6 .6 0 )岁 ,BMI (2 7.93± 2 .34 ) kg/ m2 ];非肥胖 [n =13,年龄 (6 7.93± 6 .34 )岁 ,BMI(2 1.34± 2 .0 1) kg/ m2 ]。所有受试者均行 75 g葡萄糖耐量试验 (OGTT)及同步 INS释放试验及 CP释放 ,并计算胰岛素敏感指数 (ISI)。结果 :OGTT后 INS应答及 CP应答在肥胖者是相同的 ,但在非肥胖 型 DM病人空腹及糖负荷后 1,2 h INS及 CP均减少 (P<0 .0 5 )。DM组及对照组内肥胖者各时点 INS及 CP均高于非肥胖者 (P<0 .0 1) ,但肥胖者胰岛素敏感指数 (ISI)低于非肥胖者 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :非肥胖老年 型 DM病人主要是 INS释放受损 ,而胰岛素抵抗 (IR)轻微。肥胖老年 型 DM患者虽然 INS水平不低 ,但 IR显著。     

2型糖尿病胰岛素抵抗与C反应蛋白相关性研究

目的:该课题主要为了研究2型糖尿病胰岛素抵抗程度与C反应蛋白的相关性,进而把降低炎症反应作为糖尿病综合治疗的重要部分。方法:采用前瞻性研究,对2010年3月～11月期间在我院内科就诊的2型糖尿病患者按照体重指数随机分为肥胖组和非肥胖组,每组30例,同时随机选择健康人30名作为正常对照组。分别空腹采静脉血,检测C反应蛋白、空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素,利用HOMA公式计算出胰岛素抵抗指数,观察2型糖尿病与C反应蛋白的关系和胰岛素抵抗程度与C反应蛋白的相关性。结果:(1)2型糖尿病组C反应蛋白水平和胰岛素抵抗指数均高于正常对照组(P<0.01);(2)2型糖尿病肥胖组C反应蛋白水平和胰岛素抵抗指数均高于非肥胖组(P<0.05)。结论:C反应蛋白是人体炎症反应最主要、最敏感的标记物之一,它与糖尿病的发生、发展密切相关,通过检测C反应蛋白水平,可对易感人群进行早期干预,可能会从根本上防治糖尿病的发生;并把降低炎症作为糖尿病综合治疗的重要部分。     

妇科 卵巢和输卵管

070949多囊卵巢综合征患者脂联素、C反应蛋白水平的变化及其意义/王玖玲…∥生殖与避孕·—2007,27(3)·—190~193按体重指数(BMI≥25kg/m2或<25kg/m2)分别将多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者52例、对照组47例分为PCOS肥胖组25例、作肥胖组27例和对照肥胖组23例、对照非肥胖24例四组。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.