外环下显微外科精索静脉结扎术联合五子衍宗丸治疗精索静脉曲张不育症临床观察

目的:探讨外环下显微外科精索静脉结扎术联合五子衍宗丸对精索静脉曲张患者精液质量的影响。方法:精索静脉曲张患者110例,随机分为联合治疗组:外环下显微外科精索静脉结扎术后联合五子衍宗丸治疗(52例);药物组:五子衍宗丸治疗(58例)6g/次,2次/d。所有患者均随访12个月,观察治疗后精液参数、睾酮水平及配偶妊娠情况。结果:联合治疗组治疗后12个月精液参数(精子浓度、活力)及睾酮水平显著优于药物组(P<0.05)。治疗后12个月时联合治疗组妊娠率为44.2%,显著高于药物组(12.1%)(P<0.01)。结论:和五子衍宗丸相比,外环下显微外科精索静脉结扎联合五子衍宗丸可显著改善精索静脉曲张不育症患者精液参数,提高睾酮水平及妊娠率。     

精索静脉高位结扎术联合抗氧化剂治疗对精索静脉曲张不育症患者精液质量的影响

目的:探讨精索静脉高位结扎术联合抗氧化剂治疗精索静脉曲张不育症精子质量的影响。方法:对20例精索静脉曲张不育症患者应用精索静脉高位结扎术联合抗氧化进行治疗,术前和术后6个月分别检测精液常规及总抗氧化能力(TAC),并选择12例健康男性为对照组,观察术前精液常规及TAC与对照组的差异。结果:精索静脉曲张不育症患者在精液量,精子密度,精子活力和TAC水平均明显低于健康组,差异均有显著的统计学意义(P0.01);手术后精索静脉曲张不育Ⅱ°组和Ⅲ°组患者精液量、精子密度和精子活力及TAC水平明显提高,与手术前比较差异有明显的统计学意义(P0.05),术前少弱畸形精子综合征TAC水平明显低于少精子症和少弱精子症患者,差异有明显的统计学意义(P0.05),三组患者术后TAC水平明显升高,与治疗前比较差异具有明显的统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:氧化应激可能与精索静脉曲张发生不育症的发生密切相关,精索静脉高位结扎术联合抗氧化剂能明显提高精索静脉曲张不育症精子质量。     

显微镜低位结扎术对精索静脉曲张手术有效性和安全性及患者精液质量影响

目的:研究显微镜下低位结扎术对精索静脉曲张患者的临床疗效、安全性评价和精液质量的影响。方法:选取孝感市中心医院2015年5月至2016年10月收治的精索静脉曲张患者116例为本研究对象,采用随机数字法将其分为对照组和观察组,每组各58例。对照组患者采用常规精索静脉高位结扎术,观察组患者采用显微镜下精索静脉低位结扎术。对比两组患者的术中出血量、手术时间、住院时间、并发症发生率;术后随访,比较两组的精子浓度、精子总数、精子活性及精子存活率以及精索静脉曲张复发率。结果:观察组患者的术中出血量和住院时间显著少于对照组(P<0.01),但手术时间长于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患者的总并发症发生率(5.16%)明显低于对照组(17.24%),其差异具有统计学意义(χ~2=4.24,P=0.03);随访6个月,观察组患者的精子浓度、精子总数、精子活性和精子存活率均明显高于对照组,其差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);术后随访12个月,观察组患者的复发率显著低于对照组,其差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:显微镜下低位结扎术治疗精索静脉曲张患者的手术效果更佳,能够有效减少术中出血量,促进术后精液质量恢复,且术后并发症和复发率较低,值得在临床中推广使用。     

局部麻醉下两种显微镜下精索静脉曲张手术方式疗效分析

目的:对比分析在局部麻醉下行显微镜两种精索静脉结扎手术方式治疗精索静脉曲张的疗效。方法:127例精索静脉曲张患者,其中73例接受了显微镜下在外环口单纯将精索内静脉结扎(A组),54例接受除精索内静脉结扎之外的提睾肌静脉、输精管静脉及引带静脉均游离并结扎(B组)。对两组手术时间、并发症发生情况以及术后精液分析改善情况进行对比分析。结果:A组手术时间(49±14)min,B组手术时间(68±9)min,手术时间比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);术后并发症两组比较,A组术后阴囊水肿2例,1例并发附睾炎,B组阴囊水肿8例,鞘膜积液5例,附睾炎3例,发生率差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组术后均未复发。两组术后精子质量均有显著改善,A组术后精子计数(39.4±4.21)×10~6/mL、活率(59.05±4.32)%,B组术后精子计数(37.65±5.68)10~6/mL、活率(58.46±5.76)%,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:显微镜下精索内静脉低位结扎术治疗精索静脉曲张患者易于接受、术后并发症少,手术时间短,精子质量改善显著,优于显微镜下低位精索内静脉+其余静脉均结扎手术组。     

腹腔镜精索静脉高选择结扎术与腹腔镜精索静脉集束结扎术治疗精索静脉曲张临床疗效比较

目的:通过对比探究腹腔镜精索静脉高选择结扎术与腹腔镜精索静脉集束结扎术治疗精索静脉曲张的临床疗效。方法:选取2015年1月至2016年1月因精索静脉曲张在我院就诊治疗的患者76例,随机均分为对照组和观察组(各38例),其中对照组采取腹腔镜精索静脉集束结扎术治疗,观察组采取腹腔镜精索静脉高选择结扎术治疗。比较两组手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间等情况;术后随访6个月,比较患者症状、精液质量等改善、复发及并发症情况。结果:所有患者手术均成功,观察组手术时间长,出血量多,并发症少,两组差异有统计学意义(P0.05);住院时间、精液质量、复发率、症状缓解率两组差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:两种结扎术对精索静脉曲张患者的治疗均有较好的疗效,而高选择结扎术能更有效防止术后并发症的发生。     

精索静脉显微结扎术治疗原发性精索静脉曲张的疗效观察

目的观察精索静脉显微结扎术治疗原发性精索静脉曲张的疗效。方法随机选取2013年5月至2016年5月上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院诊治的原发性精索静脉曲张23例患者作为研究对象。依据治疗方法将这些患者分为精索静脉显微结扎术组(显微组,13例)和腹膜后精索静脉高位结扎术组(腹膜组, 10例)两组,对两组患者的术中术后指标、术后切口疼痛程度、精子数量、密度、活力、活率、睾丸动脉识别、精液质量改善、静脉曲张复发情况、术后并发症发生情况、临床疗效进行统计分析。结果显微组患者的手术时间显著长于常规腹膜组患者,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),术中出血量显著少于腹膜组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),术后胃肠功能恢复时间、住院时间均显著短于腹膜组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),住院费用、术后切口疼痛程度评分均显著低于腹膜组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),精子数量、活力、活率均显著高于腹膜组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),睾丸动脉识别率、精液质量改善率100.0%(13/13)、69.2%(9/13)均显著高于腹膜组50.0%(5/10)、30.0%(3/10),差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),静脉曲张复发率15.4%(2/13)显著低于腹膜组30.0%(3/10),差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),术后并发症发生率7.7%(1/13)显著低于腹膜组30.0%(3/10),差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),治疗的总有效率92.3%(12/13)显著高于腹膜组60.0%(6/10),差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论精索静脉显微结扎术治疗原发性精索静脉曲张的疗效较腹膜后精索静脉高位结扎术显著。     

外环下精索静脉显微解剖结扎术治疗精索静脉曲张的有效性研究

目的:研究外环下精索静脉显微解剖结扎术治疗精索静脉曲张患者的可行性及有效性。方法:统计分析2011年3月至2013年3月我院泌尿男科收治的80例精索静脉曲张患者的临床资料。结果:研究组患者的手术时间显著短于对照组(P0.05),术后精子密度、精子活力及正常形态显著高于对照组(P0.05),畸形率显著低于对照组(P0.05),并发症发生率和复发率15.0%(1/40)、0(0),均显著低于对照组55.0%(22/40)、12.5%(5/40)(P0.05)。结论:外环下精索静脉显微解剖结扎术治疗精索静脉曲张患者能够显著缩短手术时间、提高精液质量、降低术后并发症发生率及复发率,安全可行。     

显微镜精索静脉结扎术对精索静脉曲张患者性功能影响的临床研究

目的:探讨显微镜精索静脉结扎术对精索静脉曲张患者性功能影响的的临床研究。方法:选自我院于2014年6月至2016年6月期间收治的精索静脉曲张患者86例,根据手术方法不同分为观察组43例与对照组43例。观察组采用显微镜精索静脉结扎术治疗,对照组采用腹腔镜下精索静脉高位结扎术治疗。结果:观察组手术时间长于对照组,术后鞘膜积液少于对照组,精液质量改善优于对照组,均有统计学差异(P0.05);两组术中出血量比较无统计学差异(P0.05);两组术后6个月IIEF-5评分增加,有统计学差异(P0.05);观察组术后6个月IIEF-5评分高于对照组,且有统计学差异(P0.05);观察组术后并发症少于对照组,有统计学差异(P0.05);两组术后6个月泌乳素、卵泡刺激素及黄体生成素下降,有统计学差异(P0.05);观察组术后6个月泌乳素、卵泡刺激素及黄体生成素低于对照组,有统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:显微镜精索静脉结扎术治疗精索静脉曲张患者效果明显,且可明显改善患者性功能,具有重要研究意义。     

显微外科曲张精索静脉结扎术对精索静脉曲张的疗效分析

目的：探讨分析显微外科曲张精索静脉结扎术对精索静脉曲张的临床疗效.方法：回顾性分析我院2010年3月至2012年4月收治的精索静脉曲张性不育患者106例,入院后随机将患者分为两组,其中53例为A组行显微外科精索静脉结扎术,剩余53例为B组行腹腔镜下精索血管集束结扎术,比较两组手术效果以及术后并发症发生情况.结果：A组手术时间明显大于B组,而两组住院时间比较差异不显著.两组术前精液各项指标比较差异不显著,而术后3个月精液分析各项指标均较术莆得到改善,A组精子数量和精子活率均显著高于B组,差异均具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.术后3个月两组精子密度和（a＋b）级精子数比较差异不显著,无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.两组术前精液各项指标比较差异不显著,而术后3个月精液分析各项指标均较术前得到改善,A组精子数量和精子活率均显著高于B组,差异均具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.术后3个月两组精子密度和（a＋b）级精子数比较差异不显著,无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论：显微外科曲张静脉精索结扎术相比于腹腔镜下精索血管集束结扎术虽然手术时间长,但是对患者损伤小,所以精子质量改善情况较好,并发症发生率及复发率都较低,值得在临床上推广.     

显微镜下不同的手术方式治疗精索静脉曲张的效果分析

目的:分析显微镜下不同的手术方式治疗精索静脉曲张的效果。方法:选取2015年4月至2016年4月在新疆医科大学第一附属医院泌尿外科就诊的210例因精索静脉曲张导致不育的患者,选取其中左侧静脉曲张患者82例,将其随机分成两组,每组41例。对照组给予显微镜下经腹股沟精索静脉结扎术,观察组给予显微镜下经外环下精索静脉结扎术。观察并比较两组患者的手术时间,住院时间,切口疼痛评分,手术前后精子质量和相关分子生物学指标水平,术后并发症及随访情况。结果:观察组患者手术时间显著长于对照组患者,住院时间和切口疼痛评分显著低于对照组,其差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患者术后的精子浓度、精子活力、精子活动率较术前相比均显著改善,其差异具有统计学意义(均P0.05);观察组患者的上述精液质量指标均高于对照组,其差异具有统计学意义(均P0.05)。两组患者术后精液中HSP70,血液中的去甲肾上腺素浓度均低于术前;血液中睾酮浓度均高于术前(均P0.05),观察组患者术后HSP70,去甲肾上腺素均低于对照组,血液中睾酮浓度高于对照组,其差异均具有统计学意义(均P0.05)。观察组患者并发症率4.9%低于对照组患者的19.5%,其差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患者术后随访6～10个月,平均8个月,对照组3例(7.3%)复发,观察组无复发,其差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:显微镜下经外环下精索静脉结扎术治疗精索静脉曲张能显著改善患者精液质量,并降低HSP70,去甲肾上腺素的浓度,提高睾酮的浓度,具有较好的临床疗效。     

New fillers for the new man

ABSTRACT:  Two new collagen-based lidocaine-containing dermal fillers, ArteSense™/ArteFill™ (Artes Medical, San Diego, CA) and Evolence® (Colbar LifeScience Ltd., Herzliya, Israel), have proved to be of particular interest to men, many of whom seek a long-lasting or permanent correction. ArteFill™ has been available in the United States since 2006, and it is expected that Evolence® will reach the American market in 2008. The properties of the two products will be described, and experience based on the administration of many hundreds of syringes of both products by a Canadian dermatologist will be detailed here, with tips and precautions to optimize patient outcomes.     

Outcomes and adverse effects of ablative vs nonablative lasers for skin resurfacing: A systematic review of 1093 patients

It is generally believed that ablative laser therapies result in prolonged healing and greater adverse events when compared with nonablative lasers for skin resurfacing. To evaluate the efficacy of ablative laser use for skin resurfacing and adverse events as a consequence of treatment in comparison to other modalities, a PRISMA‐compliant systematic review (Systematic Review Registration Number: 204016) of twelve electronic databases was conducted for the terms “ablative laser” and “skin resurfacing” from March 2002 until July 2020. Studies included meta‐analyses, randomized control trials, cohort studies, and case reports to facilitate evaluation of the data. All articles were evaluated for bias. The search strategy produced 34 studies. Of 1093 patients included in the studies of interest, adverse events were reported in a total of 106 patients (9.7%). Higher rates of adverse events were described in nonablative therapies (12.2% ± 2.19%, 31 events) when compared with ablative therapy (8.28% ± 2.46%, 81 events). 147 patients (13.4%) reported no side effects, 68 (6.22%) reported expected, transient self‐resolving events, and five (0.046%) presented with hypertrophic scarring. Excluding transient events, ablative lasers had fewer complications overall when compared with nonablative lasers (2.56% ± 2.19% vs 7.48% ± 3.29%). This systematic review suggests ablative laser use for skin resurfacing is a safe and effective modality to treat a range of pathologies from photodamage and acne scars to hidradenitis suppurativa and posttraumatic scarring from basal cell carcinoma excision. Further studies are needed, but these results suggest that ablative lasers are a superior, safe, and effective modality to treat damaged skin.     

Genetic alterations in RAS‐regulated pathway in acral lentiginous melanoma

Studies integrating clinicopathological and genetic features have revealed distinct patterns of genomic aberrations in Melanoma. Distributions of BRAF or NRAS mutations and gains of several oncogenes differ among melanoma subgroups, while 9p21 deletions are found in all melanoma subtypes. In the study, status of genes involved in cell cycle progression and apoptosis was evaluated in a panel of 17 frozen primary acral melanomas. NRAS mutations were found in 17% of the tumors. In contrast, BRAF mutations were not found. Gains of AURKA gene (20q13.3) were detected in 37.5% of samples, gains of CCND1 gene (11q13) or TERT gene (5p15.33) in 31.2% and gains of NRAS gene (1p13.2) in 25%. Alterations in 9p21 were identified in 69% of tumors. Gains of 11q13 and 20q13 were mutually exclusive, and 1p13.2 gain was associated with 5p15.33. Our findings showed that alterations in RAS‐related pathways are present in 87.5% of acral lentiginous melanomas.     

Self‐resolving superficial primary cutaneous mucormycosis in a 7‐week‐old infant

A 7‐week‐old girl, born at 30 weeks' gestational age, presented to clinic for evaluation of a crop of vesicular lesions that were noted after removal of a bandage that had been in place for 4 days. A punch biopsy of the lesion revealed fungal elements that were later identified as Rhizopus spp. The lesion began to self‐resolve, and no further treatment was needed, with full resolution of the lesion by 1 month after presentation. Clinicians should be aware of the variable presentations of mucormycosis and consider fungal infection in the differential diagnosis when evaluating vulnerable patients with skin eruptions.     

Pathogenic role of IL-17 in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder resulting from a complex network of cytokines and chemokines produced by various immune cell types and tissue cells. Emerging evidence suggests a central role of IL-17 and IL-23/T17 axis in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, giving a rationale for using IL-17-blocking agents as therapeutics.Three agents targeting IL-17 signaling are being studied in Phase III clinical trials: secukinumab and ixekizumab (IL-17 neutralizing agents), and brodalumab (IL-17 receptor antagonist). Preliminary results are highly promising for all anti-IL17 agents, creating fair expectations on this class of agents as the new effective therapeutic approach for the treatment of psoriasis.