西安非医学专业女大学生对HPV和HPV疫苗的认知

目的 了解西安市高校非医学专业女大学生对人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)的认知情况及其对接种HPV疫苗的态度,为制定针对非医学专业大学生健康教育模式,推广HPV疫苗的接种提供依据.方法 采用整群随机抽样的方法,在西安市6所非医学类本科高校中抽取16个专业的大学二、三年级女大学生共2 131名,用自行设计的问卷进行调查,获有效问卷2 096份,有效回收率为98.4％.结果 仅11.3％被调查者知晓HPV,有性生活组大学生对HPV知晓率显著高于无性生活组(x2=20.182,P＜0.05),来自单亲或重组家庭的女大学生对HPV知晓率显著高于来自原生家庭组(x2=4.329,P＜0.05).不同年级间(x2=0.921),来自城市或农村(x2=0.891),是否独生子女(x2 =0.330)组间对HPV知晓率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).仅9.7％被调查者知晓HPV疫苗.79.9％的被调查者表示愿意接种HPV疫苗;担心会感染HPV (44.1％)或患宫颈癌(19.3％)的被调查者有较强的接种意愿;公众健康教育(42.2％)及医务人员推荐(34.7％)是女大学生们更愿意接受的疫苗推荐方式.超过半数被调查者(50.1％)能够接受的疫苗价格在50～ 100元.结论 西安非医学专业大学生对HPV及HPV疫苗的知晓率低,但接种意愿强.应加强科普健康教育,普及宫颈癌一级预防、HPV及HPV疫苗相关知识.     

甘肃宫颈癌高发区女性HPV及其疫苗认知状况调查

目的调查甘肃省宫颈癌高发地区陇南市武都区女性对人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）的认知及对HPV疫苗接种的态度情况。方法采用随机整群抽样的方法抽取武都区2个乡,其中符合筛选条件的30—49岁女性1681人,使用问卷调查女性对HPV认知情况和接种HPV疫苗的态度。结果接受调查女性中1585人（94．29％）没有听说过HPV,但有1584人（94．23％）愿意接受HPV疫苗接种;40岁以下人群对HPV疫苗接种的接受程度明显高于40岁以上人群（P〈0．01）;女性对HPV知晓率与所受教育程度和家庭收入呈正相关（P〈0．01）;调查女性不愿意接种HPV疫苗的原因主要是对宫颈癌的风险意识不足;调查人群中有637人愿意接受医疗机构提供的HPV疫苗,972人接受政府提供的,两项合计占总调查人数的95．71％;有74．84％的人希望国家能够负担部分接种HPV疫苗的费用;本次调查女性中有131人（7．79％）HPV检测呈阳性,HPV感染与未感染女性在HPV认知及其疫苗相关态度调查结果基本一致。结论甘肃省陇南市武都区女性缺乏对宫颈癌和HPV的认知,但是对HPV疫苗的信任和接受程度很高,因此急需通过多种方式加强对陇南地区女性宫颈癌相关科普知识的普及以及改善当地居民生活水平。     

医院门诊患者人乳头状瘤病毒认知情况调查

目的调查妇科患者对人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)知识的认知情况。方法用便利抽样法,对进行HPV-DNA检测的251例妇科门诊患者进行问卷调查。结果受访者仅36.3%知道HPV感染是宫颈癌的主要病因,27.5%知道HPV的传播方式,15.5%知道宫颈癌可用疫苗预防,72.5%愿及时接种疫苗。高学历、40岁及高收入者知晓率较高,高收入和40~50岁更愿意接种HPV疫苗。结论妇科患者对HPV知晓率较低,但大多数愿意接种疫苗。应加强妇科患者HPV知识科普宣传,尤其应针对高年龄、低文化程度和低收入人群,以提高对HPV认知,减少宫颈癌发生。     

某大学本科生对HPV及疫苗认知及接种意愿的分析

目的 调查广州某大学本科学生对 HPV 疫苗认知情况及 HPV 疫苗接种意愿,分析其影响因素,为日后 HPV 疫苗在国内推广提供建议。方法 调查方式采用自行设计调查问卷,进行现场调查,研究对象问卷自填式,并做好质量监控,获得某大学本科学生共 579 名。内容包括基本情况及人口统计学特征、对 HPV 疫苗和相关疾病的认知情况以及 HPV 疫苗接种的意愿。结果 共获得 579 有效问卷,有效率为 96.5%,有 42.3%的人听说过 HPV 疫苗,有 21.7%的人愿意自己接种疫苗。性别差异对 HPV 的了解有统计学意义(P<0.05),年级方面,除了大三、大四及以上2组之外,其余各组对 HPV 认知差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而生源地方面除了大陆-澳门和澳门-台湾之外,各生源地包括香港-澳门、香港-台湾、香港-大陆和大陆-台湾组对 HPV 认知差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。是否听说HPV 相关疾病、是否担心患 HPV 相关疾病、疫苗的可接受价格和是否有过妇科病史对 HPV 疫苗的接种意愿存在差异(P<0.05),而性别、民族、生源地、年级等对于 HPV 疫苗的接种意愿的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 大陆的高年级女性对 HPV 疫苗了解的程度较高。对于 HPV 疫苗接种,女性以及亲戚或朋友有过妇科病史的人更愿意接种 HPV 疫苗,对国产疫苗可接受价格在 1 000～3 000 元的人具有注射疫苗的倾向,不担心患宫颈癌的人更多地倾向于不接种HPV 疫苗。     

厦门市大学生HPV疫苗认知及接种意愿调查

目的了解厦门市大学生对HPV疫苗的认知和接种意愿及其影响因素。方法 2017年2—4月,采用分层抽样、自编式问卷面对面调查厦门市6所学校1760名大学生的人口学、性行为、性态度及对HPV疫苗认知和接种意愿等信息。结果 HPV疫苗知晓率为24.2%(426/1760),女性高于男性(26.2%vs.22.1%,P=0.045)。城市、医学专业、初次性行为年龄18岁的男大学生及城市、本科学校、医学专业、个人月消费≥2000元、吸烟的女大学生对HPV疫苗的知晓率较高。知晓HPV疫苗的大学生中,HPV疫苗愿意接种率为73.0%(311/426),女性高于男性(85.0%vs.58.5%,P0.001)。城市、发生过性行为的男大学生及性知识水平高的女大学生更愿意接种HPV疫苗。获知HPV疫苗的途径主要是网络、电视或报刊,接种HPV疫苗主要考虑因素为预防效果、不良反应、价格。结论厦门市大学生对HPV疫苗的知晓率较低,但知晓HPV疫苗者的接种意愿较高。应加强对HPV相关知识的教育,以提高人群HPV疫苗知晓率和接种率,从而预防HPV感染及相关疾病。     

9～14岁儿童家长对HPV及其疫苗认知和接种意愿调查

目的 调查9～14岁儿童HPV疫苗接种情况、家长的疫苗相关认知、给儿童接种的意愿及其影响因素。方法 于2021年1～4月采用便利抽样的方法,基于线上平台和浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院小儿青少年妇科门诊收集数据,对数据进行描述分析、χ²检验及logistic回归。结果 共收集到问卷数据864份,经筛选后得有效问卷846份,有效率为97.92%。13.57%的母亲、3.09%的女童已接种疫苗,疫苗知晓率为68.43%,其中有87.22%家长愿意给儿童接种。危险性感知(OR=4.79,95%CI:2.22～10.35)、自身接种意愿(OR=29.01,95%CI:12.62～66.69)、性教育意识(OR=3.73,95%CI:1.08～12.83)、疫苗是否免费(P<0.001)与家长给儿童接种意愿有关。结论 9～14岁儿童家长对HPV及HPV疫苗相关认知较高,给儿童接种HPV疫苗意愿强但儿童接种率低。疾病感知、自身接种意愿、性教育意识、疫苗是否免费都是影响给儿童接种意愿的因素。     

东莞地区流动女性对HPV疫苗接种意愿及影响因素分析

目的了解东莞地区流动女性对人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)预防性疫苗接种意愿,分析影响接种的因素。方法采用分层随机抽样方法,选择东莞地区的1 500名18~54岁流动女性,使用自行设计的《HPV认知情况及疫苗接种意愿调查表》进行问卷调查。采用多元logistic回归分析方法,分析接种HPV疫苗意愿的影响因素。结果在符合条件的1 227名对象中,26.32%在接受本次调查前听说过HPV,52.16%愿意接种HPV疫苗。担心疫苗的安全性是选择不接种疫苗的主要原因,大多数女性赞同HPV疫苗的推广使用,其中91.93%的对象希望全程接种价格控制在2 000元以内。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,大学以上文化程度(OR=1.865,95%CI:1.223~2.884)、对HPV有所认知(OR=1.632,95%CI:1.212~2.198)、认可接种疫苗对宫颈癌预防有帮助(OR=5.531,95%CI:4.128~7.412)的接种意愿高,担心疫苗副作用的则反之。HPV的知晓率与年龄和教育程度有关(P0.05);经过简单宣教后,75.79%愿意接种HPV疫苗。结论流动女性对HPV疫苗的总体认知水平较低,年龄、文化程度、家庭平均月收入、朋友有宫颈癌既往史、HPV疫苗认知和接种疫苗对宫颈癌的认可程度是影响HPV疫苗接种意愿的主要因素。开展公众健康教育,提高人群认识水平是推动HPV疫苗成功的关键。     

开封市鼓楼区女性HPV疫苗认知现状调查及接种意愿的影响因素

目的 调查开封市鼓楼区女性人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)疫苗认知现状并分析影响其接种意愿的因素。方法 于2020年1月至2021年1月采用问卷调查的方式对开封市鼓楼区3 000例女性人群开展HPV疫苗认知现状和接种意愿调查,共发放问卷3 000份,收回问卷2 785份,剔除填写不完整、填写信息缺失等无效问卷后,得到有效问卷2 593份。根据被调查对象的接种意愿分为愿意接种组和不愿接种组,采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析被调查对象HPV疫苗接种意愿的影响因素。结果 被调查对象对HPV、HPV危害、HPV疫苗的知晓率较高,其余认知情况较差。被调查对象中1 826例(70.42%)有HPV疫苗接种意愿,疫苗费用、疫苗安全性、预约困难是不愿意接种的主要原因。以被调查对象是否有HPV疫苗接种意愿将其分为愿意接种组1 826例和不愿接种组767例。经单因素分析显示,愿意接种组居住地为城镇、文化程度大专及以上、个人月收入>10 000元、知晓HPV、知晓HPV疫苗、参加过宫颈癌防治讲座的比例高于不愿接种组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);两组年龄、民族、婚姻状况、职业、性行为史、...     

女性人群HPV感染现状及对相关知识的认知情况调查

目的 探讨女性人群人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染现状及对相关知识的认知情况。方法 选取2017年6月至2018年10月在本院妇产科门诊就诊的患者1 966例。采集子宫颈细胞,实时荧光定量PCR检测HPV DNA进行分型。使用自制调查问卷收集对HPV相关知识的认知情况。结果 1 966例HPV筛查女性中HPV阳性率为8.34%(614/1 966),不同年龄段女性HPV阳性率之间比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05),随年龄增长HPV阳性率明显升高。614例HPV阳性的女性中,HPV16型阳性率最高,其次为HPV58。相同年龄段中各HPV基因型阳性率之间比较差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。不同年龄段女性对HPV传播方式、HPV与宫颈癌的关系、HPV疫苗相关知识、接种HPV疫苗、定期HPV筛查的认知率比较差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05);其中31～40岁年龄段女性的认知率明显高于≤30岁、41～50岁、51～60岁。结论 本市女性以HPV16、HPV58感染为主,绝经过渡期是HPV感染高发期;41～60岁女性对HPV相关知识的认知率较低,应重点提高绝经过渡期女性对HPV相关知识的认知水平。     

女性HPV感染情况及对HPV和HPV疫苗的认知情况调查

目的了解女性人群人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)的感染情况,调查女性人群对HPV及HPV疫苗的认知情况。方法选取2017年9月-2018年3月就诊的20~60岁女性患者804例,对其进行HPV及HPV疫苗相关知识调查并进行HPV检测。结果人群HPV阳性检测率为15.67%,人群高危型HPV(HR-HPV)阳性检测率为13.60%,低危型HPV(LR-HPV)阳性检测率为4.73%,同时感染HR-HPV及LR-HPV的阳性检出率为2.66%。低年龄组的HPV感染率高于高年龄组的感染率;在HPV、宫颈癌及HPV疫苗的认知水平调查中发现:70.02%的人知道HPV,67.91%的人知道HPV与宫颈癌有关,40.92%的人知道HPV疫苗,并有23.13%的人表示有意愿接种疫苗;单因素结果显示:年龄、户籍类型、文化程度及家庭月平均收入均对HPV认知产生影响(P<0.05)。对于影响HPV疫苗认知程度的因素赋值,引入Logistic多因素回归模型进行分析,结果显示:年龄、户籍及文化程度会对HPV疫苗认知程度产生影响。结论女性HPV感染情况及对HPV和HPV疫苗的认知情况仍不容乐观,政府和及医疗卫生机构应积极在各个层面有针对性地开展健康教育活动。     

人乳头瘤病毒感染现状的分析

目的:分析宫颈疾病患者的人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染及相关情况,为宫颈疾病的防治提供线索和依据。方法:收集2009年7月~2010年5月210例宫颈疾病患者的宫颈外口和宫颈脱落细胞及分泌物进行HPV-PCR的检测。结果:HPV感染的阳性率为30.00%,HPV阳性患者的平均年龄为(24.16±8.18)岁,HPV阴性患者平均年龄为(36.94±9.95)岁;HPV的感染与患者的受教育水平,饮酒吸烟及性伴侣多有统计学相关性,HPV阳性患者中饮酒患者占55.56%,吸烟的患者占38.10%;并且运用单危险因素分析发现,月收入、婚姻状况、吸烟状况及性伴侣个数几个因素与HPV感染之间具有相关性。结论:HPV的感染可能与性伴侣个数,吸烟饮酒等多种因素相关;HPV-DNA检测在宫颈病变的检查中具有重要意义。     

妇科门诊患者HPV感染状况及基因型研究

目的探讨妇科门诊患者宫颈HPV感染状况及基因型分布。方法采用核酸分子快速导流杂交分型技术,对在本院妇科就诊的3 652名女性患者宫颈拭子进行HPV分型检测。结果 21种HPV亚型均被检出,3 652例门诊妇女中HPV阳性率为36.7%（1 342/3 652）,检出率在5%以上的亚型有5种,依次为HPV 16（9.7%,354/3 652）、HPV52（7.2%,262/3 652）、HPV 11（6.9%,252/3 652）、HPV 58（6.8%,248/3 652）和HPV 6（5.6%,203/3 652）。结论妇科门诊患者HPV感染率较高,应开展HPV DNA常规检测,以预防宫颈癌的发生。     

HPV基因分型与宫颈组织病变的相关性

目的:探讨人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)基因分型与宫颈组织病变的相关性,为宫颈癌的筛查、防治提供理论依据。方法:采用基因芯片技术对2 160例宫颈可疑病变组织标本同时进行23种HPV基因亚型检测,包括18种高危型HPV和5种低危型HPV,并对筛查出的HPV阳性标本进行DNA测序确诊;以组织病理学诊断作为宫颈病变的金标准。结果:2 160例宫颈可疑病变组织标本经HPV基因分型检测筛查出746例阳性者,HPV感染率为34.54%(746/2 160);经组织病理学确诊395例为不同程度宫颈病变,病变率达18.29%(395/2 160)。395例宫颈不同程度病变组织中感染HPV308例,分别为174例低度鳞状上皮内病变(LSIL)感染HPV118例、198例高度鳞状上皮内病变(HSIL)感染HPV167例、23例宫颈癌感染HPV 23例。HPV16亚型在LSIL、HSIL及宫颈癌的检出率均为最高,依次为25.29%、57.14%、75.00%。结论:HPV亚型感染与宫颈组织不同程度病变密切相关,HPV基因分型诊断在宫颈癌筛查及防治过程中具有重要意义。     

Knowledge and attitude of students studying at health department towards HPV and HPV vaccination

The human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common diagnosed sexually transmitted infection in the world. The most frequent disease linked to HPV is cervical cancer as well as other cancers including those of the vulva, vagina, penis, anus, and oropharynx.Our research sought to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes concerning human papillomaviruses and their vaccine among students enrolled in Alt?nba? University's faculties of health sciences.MethodA cross-sectional study was carried out using a survey containing 41 questions about demographic variables, knowledge, and attitudes toward HPV and HPV vaccines. The questions were distributed to students via Google form using social media applications such as WhatsApp.ResultsThe study involved 144 students, 71.5 % of whom were female. 37.5 % of the participants learned about HPV from social media. Knowledge of HPV is present in 82 % of females and 25 % of males. Most of the questions had more accurate replies from female than from male students p < 0.05. As a result, 88 %, 46 % of female respondents and 27 %, 14 % of male respondents, respectively, correctly answered the questions about who should receive HPV vaccinations p < 0.001 and how many doses are necessary.ConclusionParticipants' awareness of HPV, HPV vaccination, and cervical cancer was rather high when compared to other research. However, there are knowledge gaps that need to be corrected and provided through educational programs.     

Influences of sociodemographic characteristics and parental HPV vaccination hesitancy on HPV vaccination coverage in five US states

BackgroundIn the United States (US), half of new human papillomavirus (HPV) infections occur among young people aged 15–24 years. Despite the effectiveness of HPV vaccination in protecting against HPV-associated cancers, its coverage among adolescents remains suboptimal. This study examined the association of sociodemographic characteristics and HPV vaccination hesitancy with HPV vaccination coverage in five US states with disproportionately low adolescent coverage rates compared to the national average.MethodsResponses to an online Qualtrics survey from 926 parents of children aged 9–17 years in Arkansas, Mississippi, Missouri, Tennessee, and Southern Illinois in July 2021 were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression to estimate the association of sociodemographic characteristics and HPV vaccination hesitancy with HPV vaccination coverage.ResultsOf the parents, 78 % were female, 76 % were non-Hispanic White, 61.9 % lived in rural areas, 22 % were classified as HPV vaccine hesitant, and 42 % had vaccinated their oldest child between the ages of 9–17 years against HPV. Children of vaccine hesitant parents were less likely to have received any doses of the HPV vaccine than children of non-vaccine hesitant parents (AOR: 0.17, 95 % CI:0.11–0.27). Male children were less likely to have initiated the HPV vaccine series than female children (AOR: 0.70, 95 % CI:0.50–0.97). Older children (13–17 vs 9–12 years), receiving the meningococcal conjugate or most recent seasonal influenza vaccine were all associated with higher likelihoods of receiving any doses of the HPV vaccine (AOR: 6.01, 95 % CI:3.98–9.08; AOR: 2.24, 95 % CI:1.27–3.95; AOR: 2.41, 95 % CI:1.73–3.36, respectively).ConclusionsAdolescent HPV vaccination coverage remains low in our targeted states. Children’s age, sex, and parental vaccine hesitancy were significantly associated with likelihood of HPV vaccination. These findings offer the opportunity for targeted interventions among parents in regions with low vaccine uptake and underscore the importance of developing and implementing strategies to address parental HPV vaccination hesitancy to improve uptake in the US.     

Decline of HPV infections in Scandinavian cervical screening populations after introduction of HPV vaccination programs

ObjectiveTo monitor the changes in prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections in women <50 years of age, participating in cervical screening programs of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden, before and after introduction of quadrivalent HPV (qHPV) vaccination.MethodsLiquid-based cytology samples were collected from 6538 women who attended cervical screening in Denmark, Norway, and Sweden in 2006–2008 and from 6332 similarly enrolled women in 2012–2013. Denmark started organized qHPV vaccination in 2008, Norway in 2009, and Sweden in 2012. All HPV testing and genotyping was performed using identical enrollment and analysis methods, by accredited general primer polymerase chain reaction methods with typing using the Luminex system.ResultsOverall HPV positivity declined slightly from 36.5% in 2006–2008 to 34.5% in 2012–2013. The decline was most pronounced among women 18–26 years of age: from 54.4% to 48.1% (P < 0.001). The decline was substantial for vaccine HPV types (HPV6/11/16/18: decline from 22.3% to 16.6%; P < 0.001) and was seen for both low-risk vaccine types (HPV6/11 declined from 5.0% to 2.5%) and high-risk vaccine types (HPV16/18 declined from 18.9% to 14.9%). Among women 27–50 years of age, there was no change between the time periods (22.5% and 21.6%, respectively). The significant decline in the younger age group was different in the 3 countries.ConclusionThis population-based study enrolling >12,000 women participating in cervical screening in the 3 Nordic countries before and after introduction of organized qHPV vaccination demonstrated a marked decline in HPV infection in the younger population in the 2 countries where qHPV vaccination programs started in 2008–2009, suggesting that organized HPV vaccination programs resulted in a decrease of HPV types circulating in the general population.     

基因芯片对人乳头瘤病毒的快速检测和分型

目的针对HPV DNA亚型的异质性,建立HPV DNA亚型的基因芯片快速检测方法,为HPV感染病例提供诊断依据.方法18种HPV DNA亚型(HPV6 、16、18、31、33、35、39、11、45、51、52、53、56、58、42、59、66、68)特异性探针,固定于硝酸纤维素膜制备成基因芯片,生物素标记引物经通用引物介导PCR(GD-PCR)扩增HPV DNA,PCR产物与基因芯片经反向点杂交检测HPV亚型;同时采用荧光定量PCR检测HPV6、11、16和18亚型.结果31例标本中,基因芯片的阳性检出率为74.2%,其中HPV6/18、HPV11/16、HPV33/58和HPV6/11/33多重感染各1例(3.2%);荧光定量PCR阳性检出率为67.7%,与前种方法相比较,漏诊率为6.5%.结论HPV分型基因芯片可1次检测HPV多种亚型,灵敏度高和特异性强,有利于对HPV多重感染的诊断.     

Population-based evaluation of type-specific HPV prevalence among women in British Columbia,Canada

Background

British Columbia (BC) introduced a school-based HPV vaccine program in September 2008. As part of the HPV vaccine program evaluation, we determined the type-specific HPV prevalence in a population-based sample of women presenting for routine cervical cancer screening in the province.

Methods

From June 2010 to February 2011, a total of 1100 physicians from all health regions in BC were invited to return ten sequential cytobrushes used during routine office-based Pap screening to the Provincial Health Services Authority Laboratories for HPV type-specific testing. Client age was the only identifier provided. Specimens were screened by the Digene Hybrid Capture^® 2 High-Risk (hr) HPV DNA Test (HC2). HC2 positive specimens were then genotyped using the Roche cobas^® 4800 HPV Test, the Roche Linear Array (LA) HPV Genotyping Test and the Digene^® HPV Genotyping LQ Test.

Results

Overall, 12.2% of the 4330 specimens with valid HC2 results were hrHPV positive. Age range was 15–69 (median 39.0). By age group, the proportion HC2 hrHPV positive was: 15–19, 25.7%; 20–24, 33.2%; 25–29, 21.9%; 30–34, 12.6%; 35–39, 9.5%; 40–44, 8.4%; ≥45, 3.4%. Overall hrHPV prevalence was 10.1% by Roche cobas^® 4800, 10.5% by Roche LA and 10.3% by Digene LQ. For HPV 16/18, rates by age group by Roche LA were: 15–19, 5.1%/2.8%; 20–24, 9.5%/3.9%; 25–29, 6.2%/1.0%; 30–34, 2.4%/1.7%; 35–39, 1.2%/1.0%; 40–44, 1.6%/0.2%; ≥45, 0.3%/0.2%. Similar HPV 16/18 rates were obtained with the Digene LQ and Roche cobas^® 4800 methods. Agreement between the three genotyping methods for HPV 16 and 18 was high.

Conclusions

Comparable to other evaluations, hrHPV positivity was highest among younger women and HPV 16 was the most frequent genotype detected. These baseline estimates will be useful for monitoring the effectiveness of the HPV vaccine in BC. Type-specific analyses repeated at regular intervals over time may determine whether the use of HPV vaccine results in hrHPV genotype replacement in the province.