影响哺乳期产妇母乳喂养适应性的预测因素研究

目的：探讨哺乳期产妇母乳喂养适应性的影响因素。方法采用简单抽样的方法,抽取2014年12月至2015年6月在西安医学院第二附属医院自然分娩后1～6个月的哺乳期产妇181名进行问卷调查,并对数据进行描述性统计、方差分析、相关分析和多元线性分析。结果①哺乳期产妇母乳喂养适应性平均值为3．89±0．45;对家庭收入主观感受平均值为2．87±0．73;婚姻满意度平均值为3．88±0．70;育儿压力平均值为2．83±0．49;②影响母乳喂养适应性的主要因素及出现的顺位依次为育儿压力（β＝－0．28,P＜0．05）、婚姻满意度（β＝0．25,P＜0．05）、目前母乳喂养问题（β＝－0．24,P＜0．05）。结论减轻哺乳期产妇的育儿压力、解决母乳喂养中存在的问题、提高对婚姻的满意程度是提高哺乳期产妇母乳喂养适应性的主要影响因素。     

6个月内婴儿纯母乳喂养现状及影响因素分析

目的 了解深圳市6个月内婴儿纯母乳喂养现状,并分析纯母乳喂养影响因素,为促进纯母乳喂养成功提供科学依据。方法 随机抽取在深圳市3个区妇幼保健院儿保科进行6个月内儿童常规体检的婴儿母亲1 000名进行问卷调查。结果 6个月内纯母乳喂养率为61.2%,非纯母乳喂养主要原因为自述母乳不足(42.01%),通过单因素及多因素分析,学历高、家庭月收入高、胎次多的产妇更少选择纯母乳喂养,有产假、坚持6个月内纯母乳喂养有信心、家人对母乳喂养持支持态度、开奶时间早、有夜间哺乳的产妇更多选择纯母乳喂养。结论 为进一步提高6个月内纯母乳喂养率,医务人员应加强母乳喂养宣教及产后指导,鼓励产妇家属共同参与,增强产妇母乳喂养信心,用工单位提供便利支持母乳喂养,医院落实爱婴医院政策。     

克拉玛依市部分社区6个月内婴儿纯母乳喂养情况分析

目的 了解克拉玛依市母乳喂养现状,分析影响母乳喂养的各种影响因素,为提高母乳喂养率提供依据。方法 对克拉玛依市各社区卫生服务中心儿童保健门诊进行健康体检的0～6个月婴儿随机抽取375名母亲进行问卷调查,数据采用EpiData录入数据库,采用SPSS 18.0进行χ^2检验及logistic回归分析。结果 在375例婴儿中,母乳喂养314例,母乳喂养率83.7%;其中纯母乳喂养146例,纯母乳喂养率38.9%。影响母乳喂养的因素主要是产后奶量不足,其次与职业、工作性质、产妇年龄和产妇健康情况等有关。结论 克拉玛依市母乳喂养率与《中国儿童发展纲要（2001-2010年）》85%的目标要求相近;纯母乳喂养率距《中国儿童发展纲要（2011-2020年）》提出的50%的目标要求差距甚远。加强母乳喂养相关知识及技巧的宣教、均衡乳母营养和增加产假可提高母乳喂养率。     

四川省泸州市纯母乳喂养现状及其影响因素分析

目的 了解纯母乳喂养现状,分析影响纯母乳喂养的因素,为提高纯母乳喂养率提供理论依据。方法 以2019年4—6月在泸州市某医科大学附属医院、附属中医院和泸州市人民医院分娩活产儿的产妇为研究对象,在产后6个月时进行问卷调查,内容包括基本信息、婴儿6个月内喂养情况及相关信息,采用描述流行病学方法对纯母乳喂养现状进行描述,并采用单、多因素分析方法对纯母乳喂养的影响因素进行分析。结果 本研究共调查泸州市448名产后6个月的新生儿母亲。产妇年龄19~46岁,以26~35岁为主,占56.7%,文化程度以大专及以上为主,占94.8%,所在地以城市为主,占95.8%,以初产妇为主,占58.3%。纯母乳喂养率为61.16%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄大（OR=0.548、0.453）、乳头凹陷或扁平（OR=0.386）、产后抑郁情绪（OR=0.556）、睡眠质量差（OR=0.557）的产妇纯母乳喂养的可能性较低。婴儿出生后1 h内进行了母乳喂养（OR=2.375）、家人尤其是丈夫支持母乳喂养（OR=7.050）、孕期参加产前健康教育等知识讲座（OR=1.578）的产妇纯母乳喂养的可能性较高。结论 泸州市纯母乳喂养现状较好,影响纯母乳喂养的因素较多,可根据当地产妇特点制定相应干预措施,提升纯母乳喂养率。     

影响母乳喂养的因素分析

母乳是 4～ 6个月婴儿的最佳食品 ,具有该期间婴儿所需要的全部营养成份。母乳喂养本属于传统的育儿方法 ,但现实中母乳喂养的成功与否常受到多方面因素的影响。为更好地促进母乳喂养工作的开展 ,我们于 1999年～ 2 0 0 0年对六合县 736个婴儿的母乳喂养状况和影响母乳喂养的因素进行了调查 ,现将结果分析如下 :1　资料与方法1.1　对象　随机抽取本县 9个乡镇内所有出生不满 6个月的婴儿。1.2　内容　调查包括一般情况、城乡、不同文化程度、分娩方式、母乳喂养状况以及家庭和社会对母乳喂养的支持情况等。　　喂养方式 :纯母乳喂养指婴儿只…     

二胎新生儿纯母乳喂养情况及影响因素分析

目的 分析二胎新生儿纯母乳喂养情况及其相关影响因素。方法 选取2020年1月—2021年3月宁波市李惠利医院产后未出院二胎产妇90例作为研究对象,回顾性收集其一般资料,根据二胎新生儿纯母乳喂养情况分为纯母乳喂养组32例、非纯母乳喂养组58例,纯母乳喂养定义为分娩后6个月内婴儿在母乳喂养的基础上不接受任何配方奶喂养。分析二胎新生儿纯母乳喂养现状,通过单因素和多因素logistic回归分析法分析二胎新生儿非纯母乳喂养的危险因素。结果 90例二胎产妇纯母乳喂养32例,纯母乳喂养率为35.56%。多因素logistic分析结果显示,产妇乳头凹陷、两次分娩间隔>5年、一胎喂养方式为非纯母乳喂养、外祖母不支持母乳喂养、二胎新生儿分娩方式为剖宫产为二胎新生儿非纯母乳喂养的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 二胎新生儿纯母乳喂养率不容乐观,二胎新生儿非纯母乳喂养与产妇乳头凹陷、两次分娩间隔>5年、一胎喂养方式为非纯母乳喂养、外祖母不支持母乳喂养、二胎新生儿分娩方式为剖宫产等因素息息相关,临床可根据以上因素对产妇进行健康宣教,提高产妇家庭支持,进而提高二胎纯母乳喂养率。     

常州市婴幼儿喂养状况及影响因素分析

目的了解江苏省常州市婴幼儿母乳喂养现状及影响因素。方法采用现况研究方法,自常州市所属的城市、乡镇及农村各随机抽取1个现场,以2006年1月1日至2008年12月31日出生的6 240名婴幼儿父母为调查对象进行面对面访谈,采用无序多分类Logistic回归分析喂养方式的影响因素,估计OR值及其95%CI。结果母乳喂养占50.64%,混合喂养占38.62%,人工喂养占10.74%,纯母乳喂养时间达到4个月或6个月的分别占56.4%与29.3%;调整混杂因素后,经无序多分类多因素Logistic回归模型拟合后发现,新生儿出生地域为乡镇和农村、母亲文化程度为大学以上、家庭子女数为多孩、母亲年龄为25~35岁、新生儿早产、分娩地点为乡镇卫生院等因素与混合喂养有关(P<0.05);新生儿出生地域为乡镇和农村、母亲文化程度为高中以上、家庭子女数为多孩、母亲年龄>33岁、新生儿早产、分娩地点为乡镇卫生院及其他等因素与人工喂养有关(P<0.05)。结论常州市婴幼儿母乳喂养率仍处于较低水平,6个月纯母乳喂养率明显降低,喂养方式主要与新生儿出生地域、母亲文化程度、母亲年龄、新生儿早产及家庭子女数等因素有关。     

贵州省0～6月龄婴儿纯母乳喂养影响因素分析

目的 探究贵州省0～6月龄婴儿纯母乳喂养的影响因素,为后期母乳喂养政策制定提供科学依据。方法 于2021年3—6月,采用分层整群抽样,抽取贵州省3个市（州）9个县1 298名0～6月龄婴儿母亲进行问卷调查。运用决策树CHAID模型和二元logistic回归模型分析影响纯母乳喂养的相关因素。结果 贵州省0～6月龄婴儿纯母乳喂养率为55.62%,logistic回归分析结果显示母亲未就业（OR = 1.563,95%CI:1.127～2.169）、母亲上过孕妇学校或相关的孕产教育课程（OR = 1.515,95%CI:1.132～2.028）、出生后母婴同室（OR = 1.851,95%CI:1.165～2.939）、早开奶（OR = 2.539,95%CI:1.776～3.630）是纯母乳喂养的保护因素。婴儿住院时喝过奶粉（OR = 0.365,95%CI:0.258～0.517）、母亲接受过添加婴儿配方奶粉的建议（OR = 0.445,95%CI:0.345～0.575）是纯母乳喂养的危险因素。决策树CHAID 模型分析结果显示,住院时婴儿是否喝过奶粉是纯母乳喂养的首要危险因素,其次是母亲接受过添加配方奶粉的建议、母亲未上过孕妇学校或相关的孕产教育课程。结论 贵州纯母乳喂养现状良好但院内婴幼儿奶粉喂养率高,母亲受奶粉营销影响较大、母亲母乳喂养知识与技能薄弱,有待提升。     

既往纯母乳喂养失败母亲再次分娩住院期间母乳喂养现状及影响因素分析

目的 分析既往纯母乳喂养失败母亲再次分娩住院期间母乳喂养现状及影响因素。方法 选取2020年7月-2021年6月在深圳市罗湖区妇幼保健院分娩的产妇150例作为研究对象。采用自行设计的调查问卷分析经产妇母乳喂养现状及影响因素。结果 纯母乳喂养组和非纯母乳喂养组在年龄、职业、教育程度、家庭月收入、分娩方式、孕期指导、并发症、主要照顾者、新生儿性别、新生儿出生体重、距上次分娩时间、疼痛、乳房条件、母乳喂养态度、技能维度评分上差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。纯母乳喂养组的既往母乳喂哺时间为（8.89±2.85）个月,明显长于非纯母乳喂养组的（4.95±1.23）个月,乳汁不足比例为（7.78）%,显著低于非纯母乳喂养组的（46.67）%,母乳喂养自我效能、内心维度评分分别为（56.11±9.56）分、（20.12±3.73）分,明显高于非纯母乳喂养组的（50.75±7.82）分、（17.68±3.36）分,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。Logistic回归分析显示,影响经产妇母乳喂养的独立危险因素为既往母乳喂哺时间、乳汁分泌不足（P<0.05）。结论 既往纯母乳喂养失败...     

1918对母婴纯母乳喂养影响因素Logistic回归分析

目的通过了解孝感地区母亲纯母乳喂养的知信行状况,调查母亲与婴儿的相关基本情况,寻找影响6个月内婴儿母亲纯母乳喂养的关键因素。方法抽取2016年1-3月孝感地区8个县市单位妇幼保健院的1 918对母婴进行问卷调查,并在6个月内由专人进行电话回访收集相关信息。结果在1 918对被调查的母婴当中,母乳喂养的知识、母乳喂养的信心、地区、产次、分娩方式、胎龄、胎儿出生体重、产检、合并症、产妇及其丈夫的文化程度都对纯母乳喂养有着不同程度的影响。结论针对产妇不同的个人基本情况来进行重点产妇(如初产妇、贫血产妇、文化层次低的产妇等)母乳喂养宣教、改善营养等干预措施。同时向产妇宣传剖宫产的相关知识,合理选择生产方式。鼓励建立孕期手册,规律产检,增强产妇母乳喂养的自信心,提升产妇6个月内的纯母乳喂养率。     

河南省育龄妇女产后2年内非意愿妊娠发生率分布及影响因素

目的 了解河南省育龄妇女产后2年内非意愿妊娠发生率分布及其影响因素.方法 选取河南省7个省辖市的13家医院为项目点,随机抽取2015年7月至2016年12月在项目点住院分娩的5900名产妇为调查对象,于2017年9月至2018年3月通过电话调查其分娩后至随访日期间再次妊娠、月经恢复、哺乳方式等情况.应用SPSS 21....     

Determinants of optimal breast-feeding in peri-urban Guatemala City, Guatemala.

OBJECTIVE: This survey was conducted to identify factors affecting early initiation of breast-feeding and exclusive breast-feeding among mothers in peri-urban Guatemala City, Guatemala. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In early November 1999 a census was begun in four communities of peri-urban Guatemala City, Guatemala, to identify all children < 6 months old as well as all pregnant women who were expected to deliver during the two-month data-gathering period. After the census was completed, a survey of breast-feeding practices was administered to all mothers of infants < 6 months of age. RESULTS: The most important determinant of early initiation of breast-feeding was place of delivery. Children born at home (odds ratio (OR) = 4.1, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2-13.3) and at Ministry of Health health centers (OR = 4.9, 95% CI: 1.6-15.0) were significantly more likely than children born at private hospitals to initiate breast-feeding early. The most important determinant of exclusive breast-feeding was whether or not the mother worked outside the home. After controlling for infant's age and sex and mother's ethnicity, women who did not work outside the home were 3.2 times as likely (95% CI: 1.6-6.4) to exclusively breast-feed as were women who worked outside the home. Lack of exclusive breast-feeding was often associated with giving a bottle. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that global efforts must be continued to improve breast-feeding practices in delivery hospitals. In addition, community-based support of breast-feeding is needed well after delivery. Mothers who work outside the home should be provided with options to maintain exclusive breast-feeding when they are physically separated from their infants due to the demands of work.     

Postplacental or delayed levonorgestrel intrauterine device insertion and breast-feeding duration

Background

The objective of this study was to assess the effect of timing of postpartum levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device (IUD) insertion on breast-feeding continuation.

Study Design

Women interested in using a levonorgestrel IUD postpartum were randomized to immediate postplacental insertion (postplacental group) or insertion 6–8 weeks after vaginal delivery (delayed group). Duration and exclusivity of breast-feeding were assessed at 6–8 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months postpartum. Only women who received an IUD were included in this analysis.

Results

Breast-feeding was initiated by 32 (64%) of 50 of women receiving a postplacental IUD and 27 (58.7%) of 46 of women receiving a delayed IUD (p=.59). More women in the delayed group compared with the postplacental group continued to breast-feed at 6–8 weeks (16/46 vs. 15/50, p=.62), 3 months (13/46 vs. 7/50, p=.13), and 6 months postpartum (11/46 vs. 3/50, p=.02). The results did not differ when only women who initiated breast-feeding or only primiparous women with no prior breast-feeding experience were analyzed.

Conclusions

Immediate postplacental insertion of the levonorgestrel IUD is associated with shorter duration of breast-feeding and less exclusive breast-feeding. Further studies on the effects of early initiation of progestin-only methods on women's lactation experience are needed.     

Pregnancy-Associated Obesity in Black Women in New York City

Objective: To determine weight gain during pregnancy and weight changes postpartum in first-time mothers delivering at or near term. Methods: At about 2 weeks after delivery, 47 adult, Black and Hispanic women provided information on their prepregnancy weight and height and maximum pregnancy weight. Women reinterviewed at 2 and 6 months after delivery reported their most recent weight measurement and the date of that measurement. This information was used to compute each woman's prepregnancy body mass index, pregnancy weight gain, and weight loss postpartum. Information on infant feeding was also collected at each postpartum visit. Results: About 2/3 of the women and 100% of the overweight and obese women gained excessive weight during pregnancy. Weight gain was most marked in women who started pregnancy overweight or obese. At 2 months postpartum, women were on average almost 18 lb above their prepregnancy weight. No additional maternal weight was lost by 6 months postpartum. Most infants were started on formula by 2 weeks of age. At 2 months of age, 85% were fed formula only and 91% of the infants were on WIC. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate a need for interventions to help women avoid obesity by regulating their pregnancy weight gain, losing weight for a longer period postpartum, and initiating and maintaining exclusive breast-feeding.     

When is breast feeding contraceptive?

Breast-feeding has always been perceived as a contraceptive measure, probably because it is associated with amenorrhea. However, many pregnancies occur during breast-feeding, often quite soon after delivery. A pregnancy occurring 3 months after delivery is considered at risk for both the mother and child. Three conditions are necessary for a 98% contraceptive efficacy of lactation: total amenorrhea; exclusive breast-feeding on demand, both day and night; and occurrence within the first 6 months postpartum. If the three conditions are met, no additional contraceptive method is needed. Beyond 6 months, another method should be used.     

Factors associated with the duration of exclusive breast-feeding in asthmatic families

This study was part of a randomized controlled trial in which verbal and written advice about exclusive breast-feeding for 6 months was provided to Dutch women expecting a child with a high risk of developing asthmatic traits. Eighty-nine women completed a theory-based self-report questionnaire between the third and sixth months of pregnancy, which served as the baseline measurement. The aim of this study was to examine the factors that influence the duration of exclusive breast-feeding. Cox multiple regression analysis showed a positive significant association between the duration of exclusive breast-feeding and the mother's breast-feeding knowledge (P < 0.01), her intended hours of work per week after maternity leave (P < 0.01) and her age (P 相似文献   

自然分娩与剖宫产对初产妇产后早期盆底肌电值及肌力的影响比较

目的比较自然分娩与剖宫产对初产妇产后早期盆底肌电值及肌力的影响。方法选取2017年7月-2018年10月的100例初产妇为研究对象,依据分娩方式分为A组(自然分娩组,50例)和B组(剖宫产组,50例)。比较两组产妇产后6周、3个月及6个月的盆底肌电值、Ⅰ类及Ⅱ类肌力情况。结果 B组产妇产后6周、3个月及6个月的盆底肌电值、Ⅰ类及Ⅱ类肌力评估结果均优于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05)。结论自然分娩与剖宫产对初产妇产后早期盆底肌电值及肌力影响差异较大,对自然分娩初产妇早期盆底肌电值及肌力应给予充分重视与干预。     

Breast-feeding reduces maternal lower-body fat

The effect of breast-feeding on maternal anthropometric measures during the first 6 postpartum months was studied in 24 women. Mothers, who were seen in the hospital shortly after delivery and at monthly intervals thereafter, kept a record of their infant-feeding practices and provided three 24-hour dietary recalls per month. The women were placed in one of three groups according to their infant-feeding practices: breast-feeding exclusively, combination of breast- and formula-feeding, and formula-feeding only. Changes in anthropometric variables at 6 months postpartum were similar in the three groups, but mothers who breast-fed exclusively or partially had significantly larger reductions in hip circumference measurements (3.6% and 3.1%, respectively) and were less above their prepregnancy weights at 1 month postpartum (7.8% and 8.5% above prepregnancy weight, respectively) than mothers who fed formula exclusively (0.68% reduction in hip circumference and 13.7% above prepregnancy weight). Our findings indicate that a woman's choice of infant-feeding practice influences postpartum anthropometric changes, but these effects may be temporary.     

农村妇女产后采用不同喂养婴儿方式对其体重变化的影响

目的 了解农村妇女生育后喂养方式与体重滞留的关系.方法 采用整群抽样的方法 ,调查天津市津南区409名农村产妇的孕产期情况,测量了孕前、产前及产后的体蕈和身高.产妇体重滞留值为调查时测量体重与孕前体重的差值.统计学方法 采用方差分析等.结果 (1)产后4个月内基本纯母乳喂养率为70.9%(290/409).(2)在产后4～6个月时基本纯母乳喂养组妇女的体重滞留平均为5.8 kg,比人工喂养组(平均7.0 kg)少,但差异没有统计学意义(F=1.45,P=0.236);而到产后7～9个月时基本纯母乳喂养组妇女的体重滞留平均为4.9 kg,显著高于人工喂养组的2.9 kg(F=3.17,P=0.043).(3)基本纯母乳喂养组产妇食物摄入量最多(901 g),其次是混合喂养组(877 g),人工喂养组最少(750 g).结论 妇女产后体重滞留与采用不同的喂养婴儿方式有关,进行母乳喂养婴儿的产妇因为需要摄取较多能量,产后体重恢复较慢,但是其孕期增重和产后体重都较人工喂养者轻.因此,在加强产后纯母乳喂养宣传的同时,也要加强孕前保健知识的宣传.     

某三甲医院剖宫产率调查与分析

目的寻找某三甲医院产科剖宫产率居高不下的原因及解决措施。方法采用现场调查与回顾性研究相结合的方法,对医院2013年6月份出院的216例产妇的病历进行调查,并对其中20名产妇在分娩前进行了问卷调查,最后用SPSS17.0统计软件对所获得的资料进行了描述性统计分析。结果 6月份医院216例产妇剖宫产分娩率为83.80%,平均分娩费用为7 894.78元。妊娠合并症及并发症和社会因素是剖宫产率高的主要原因。结论部分三甲医院剖宫产率高有客观因素存在,降低剖宫产率需要卫生行政部门、社会和医疗机构的共同努力。