蜂胶及自制蜂胶奥硝唑合剂对人牙龈成纤维细胞的毒性作用

目的:了解蜂胶及自制蜂胶奥硝唑合剂对人牙龈成纤维细胞的毒性作用,为蜂胶及合剂的临床推广应用提供理论依据.方法:人牙龈成纤维细胞在不同浓度的蜂胶、奥硝唑和自制蜂胶奥硝唑合剂中体外培养24 h,用MTT法测定细胞相对增殖率(RGR);选择细胞增殖率约为50%的药物浓度组,重新培养细胞24 h,更换成不含药物的培养液连续培养7 d,每天用MTT法测定吸光度值,了解细胞增殖回复情况.结果:0.5g/L蜂胶组的RGR达到93.9%,与蜂胶其他2组间的差别有统计学意义(P<0.05);奥硝唑溶液加入蜂胶后,对应浓度组比较,两合剂组的平均吸光度值均大于奥硝唑组,其中当奥硝唑浓度为0.4g/L和0.8g/L时,差别有统计学意义(P相似文献   

甘草酸对牙龈卟啉单胞菌生长影响的体外研究

目的研究甘草酸对体外培养的牙龈卟啉单胞菌的抗菌活性。方法采用微量液体稀释法测定甘草酸对牙龈卟啉单胞菌的最低抑菌浓度（minimal inhibitory concentration,MIC）和最低杀菌浓度（minimal bactericidalconcentration,MBC）。用不同浓度的甘草酸培养牙龈卟啉单胞菌,分别于培养0、4、8、12、24、48 h测定细菌悬液600 nm波长处的光密度值,绘制牙龈卟啉单胞菌的生长曲线。结果甘草酸对牙龈卟啉单胞菌的MIC和MBC分别为1.57 g/L和12.5 g/L,甘草酸对牙龈卟啉单胞菌生长的抑制作用随药液浓度的增加而增强。结论甘草酸对体外培养的牙龈卟啉单胞菌的生长有抑制作用。     

安止痛牙龈膏对牙龈卟啉单胞菌和伴放线嗜血菌及具核梭杆菌的抑菌作用

目的 体外测定安止痛牙龈膏对牙龈卟啉单胞菌、伴放线嗜血菌和具核梭杆菌的抑制活性.方法 以微量液体稀释法,测定安止痛牙龈膏对上述3种致病菌的最小抑菌质量浓度(MIC)和最小杀菌质量浓度(MBC).结果 安止痛牙龈膏对上述3种致病菌均有抑制作用.其中,对伴放线嗜血菌的抑制作用最强,MIC和MBC均为0.8g·L-1;对牙龈...     

蜂胶与厚朴酚混合物抑制变形链球菌生长的体外研究

目的 观察蜂胶与厚朴酚混合物对变形链球菌的生长抑制作用,以期为进一步开发利用复方中药防龋提供参考.方法 根据蜂胶、厚朴酚及二者混合液的最小抑菌浓度选择实验所需的质量浓度分别为:蜂胶250、125、62.5、31.25、15.625 g/L(蜂胶组),厚朴酚0.0625、0.0313、0.0156、0.0078、0.0039g/L(厚朴酚组),蜂胶与厚朴酚混合液A1(250 g/L蜂胶+0.0625 g/L厚朴酚)、A2(125g/L蜂胶+0.0313 g/L厚朴酚)、A3(62.5 g/L蜂胶+0.0156 g/L厚朴酚)、A4 (31.25 g/L蜂胶+0.0078 g/L厚朴酚)、A5(15.6 g/L蜂胶+0.0039 g/L厚朴酚)(混合组),另设0.95％乙醇组和菌液组作为对照,将蜂胶、厚朴酚及两者混合物分别倍比稀释至各浓度,采用纸片法观察各组对变形链球菌生长的影响.结果 蜂胶及厚朴酚组分别在质量浓度为62.5、0.0156 g/L时才出现明显的抑菌环,而混合组在蜂胶及厚朴酚最小质量浓度A5时即出现了明显的抑菌环;蜂胶组、厚朴酚组及混合组的抑菌作用均随质量浓度的增大而增强,3组分别在最小质量浓度时的抑菌环直径为(0.000±0.000)、(0.000±0.000)、(0.770±0.085) mm,在最大质量浓度时的抑菌环直径为(1.515±0.017)、(1.837±0.283)、(2.853±0.229) mm,且5种质量浓度下混合组的抑菌环直径均显著大于蜂胶组和厚朴酚组(P＜0.05).结论 蜂胶与厚朴酚混合物抑菌效果较二者单独作用时明显增强,提示复方中药防龋存在很大的开发潜力.     

乳铁蛋白对牙龈卟啉单胞菌生长抑制作用研究

目的：研究乳铁蛋白对体外培养的牙龈卟啉单胞菌的抗菌活性。方法：以牙龈卟啉单胞菌ATCC33277为实验菌株，采用液体二倍稀释法测定乳铁蛋白的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）；在不同浓度乳铁蛋白的牛脑心浸液培养液中培养牙龈卟啉单胞菌混悬液，厌氧培养48h，培养前后分别测定混合液的吸光度A值。结果：乳铁蛋白对牙龈卟啉单胞菌的MIC为5g／L，对牙龈卟啉单胞菌生长的抑制作用随着其浓度的增加而增强。结论：乳铁蛋白对体外培养的牙龈卟啉单胞菌的生长有抑制作用，对牙周疾病可能具有防治作用。     

美洲大蠊提取物体外抑制牙龈卟啉单胞菌的生长

目的 研究美洲大蠊提取物对体外培养的牙龈卟啉单胞菌的抗菌活性.方法 以牙龈卟啉单胞菌ATCC33277为实验菌株,对倍稀释法测定美洲大蠊提取物的最低抑菌质量浓度(MIMC)和最低杀菌质量浓度(MBMC):在不同质量浓度的美洲大蠊提取物的牛脑心浸液培养液中培养牙龈卟啉单胞菌,分别于培养0、4、8、12、24和48 h时测定细菌悬液的光密度值(D590).结果 美洲大蠊提取物对牙龈卟啉单胞菌的MIMC和MBMC分别为2.5 g·L-1和5 g·L-1,对牙龈卟啉单胞菌生长的抑制作用随其质量浓度的增加而增强.结论 美洲大蠊提取物对体外培养的牙龈卟啉单胞菌的生长有抑制作用,其可能具有较强的防治牙周疾病的作用.     

蜂胶抑制变形链球菌生长和粘附的体外研究

目的:研究蜂胶对变形链球菌生长和粘附的影响.方法:①抑菌实验;分别将水溶性蜂胶和醇溶性蜂胶提取物等比稀释,采用钢管琼脂扩散法对变形链球菌和远缘链球菌做抑菌实验,测定最小抑菌浓度.②粘附抑制实验:在含不同浓度水溶性和醇溶性蜂胶,洗必泰,乙醇的轻唾液体培养基中培养变形链球菌,8天后测定粘附于毛细管表面变形链球菌量,并进行比较.结果:对变形链球菌和远缘链球菌最小抑菌浓度分别是:水溶性蜂胶为0.031625%和0.25%;醇溶性蜂胶均为0.078%.蜂胶各组及洗必泰组均可显著抑制变形链球菌的粘附(P＜0.05),0.5%水溶性蜂胶组,醇溶性蜂胶组及洗必泰组抑制粘附作用更强,三组之间无显著性差异(P＞0.05).结论:水溶性蜂胶和醇溶性蜂胶对变形链球菌生长和粘附都有显著的抑制作用.     

黄芩对5种常见牙周细菌抑制作用的体外研究

目的：观察黄芩对5种常见牙周细菌的作用。方法：采用试管两倍稀释法测定黄芩甲醇提取物在体外厌氧环境对牙龈卟啉单胞菌、中间普氏菌、伴放线放线杆菌、具核梭杆菌、血链球菌的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)和最小杀菌浓度(MBC)。结果：黄芩对各实验菌株均有抑制作用，对牙周常见可疑致病菌牙龈卟啉单胞菌、中间普氏菌、伴放线放线杆菌、具核梭杆菌的MIC值为5g／L、MBC值为20g／L，对牙周有益菌血链球菌的MIC值为40g/L、MBC值为40g/L，结论：浓度为5g/L的黄芩在不破坏牙周局部生态平衡的情况下可有效抑制牙周可疑致病菌的生长。     

奥硝唑对牙周病原菌的体外抗菌作用

目的：测定硝基咪唑类新药－奥硝唑对口腔牙周分离的4种共104株优势病原菌的抗菌活性。方法：采用琼脂稀释法测定奥硝唑对实验细菌的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）。结果：奥硝唑对牙龈卟啉单胞菌、中间普氏菌、具核梭杆菌和消化链球菌的MIC50和MIC90分别为0．062、0．125，0．125、0．25，0．125、0．25，0．5、1mg/L。细菌浓度对奥哨唑抗牙周病原菌的MIC值略有影响。结论：奥硝唑对牙周优势病原菌有很强的体外抗菌活性，是牙周临床治疗用药的一个新的选择。     

降糖固齿汤抑制牙周致病菌实验的研究

［摘要］ 目的 观察降糖固齿汤中药组方的抗菌效能。方法 配制中药组方,提取药液,采用二倍稀释法进行中药和奥硝唑抑制牙龈卟啉单胞菌(Pg)、伴放线放线杆菌(Aa)生长实验,观测各组最小抑菌浓度(MIC)。结果 中药对Pg的MIC为0.128 mg/ml,奥硝唑对Pg的MIC为5 mg/ml;中药对Aa的MIC为0.256 mg/ml,奥硝唑的浓度在5~5×1/212 mg/ml范围内都可以抑制Aa的生长。结论 中药原液能抑制Pg、Aa的增长。     

In vitro antimicrobial activity of propolis and Arnica montana against oral pathogens

Arnica and propolis have been used for thousands of years in folk medicine for several purposes. They possess several biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antiviral and tissue regenerative, among others. Although the antibacterial activity of propolis has already been demonstrated, very few studies have been done on bacteria of clinical relevance in dentistry. Also, the antimicrobial activity of Arnica has not been extensively investigated. Therefore the aim here was to evaluate in vitro the antimicrobial activity, inhibition of adherence of mutans streptococci and inhibition of formation of water-insoluble glucan by Arnica and propolis extracts. Arnica montana (10%, w/v) and propolis (10%, w/v) extracts from Minas Gerais State were compared with controls. Fifteen microorganisms were used as follows: Candida albicans--NTCC 3736, F72; Staphylococcus aureus--ATCC 25923; Enterococcus faecalis--ATCC 29212; Streptococcus sobrinus 6715; Strep. sanguis--ATCC 10556; Strep. cricetus--HS-6; Strep. mutans--Ingbritt 1600; Strep. mutans--OMZ 175; Actinomyces naeslundii--ATCC 12104, W 1053; Act. viscosus OMZ 105; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Porph. endodontalis and Prevotella denticola (the last three were clinical isolates). Antimicrobial activity was determined by the agar diffusion method and the zones of growth inhibition were measured. To assess cell adherence to a glass surface, the organisms were grown for 18 h at 37 degrees C in test-tubes at a 30 degree angle. To assay water-insoluble glucan formation, a mixture of crude glucosyltransferase and 0.125 M sucrose was incubated for 18 h at 37 degrees C in test-tubes at a 30 degree angle. Arnica and propolis extracts (20 microl) were added to these tubes to evaluate the % of inhibition of cell adherence and water-insoluble glucan formation. The propolis extract significantly inhibited all the microorganisms tested (p < 0.05), showing the largest inhibitory zone for Actinomyces spp. The Arnica extract did not demonstrate significant antimicrobial activity. Cell adherence and water-insoluble glucan formation were almost completely inhibited by the propolis extract at a final concentration of 400 microg/ml and 500 microg/ml, respectively. The Arnica extract showed slight inhibition of the adherence of the growing cells (19% for Strep. mutans and 15% for Strep. sobrinus) and of water-insoluble glucan formation (29%) at these same concentrations. Thus, the propolis extract showed in vitro antibacterial activity, inhibition of cell adherence and inhibition of water-insoluble glucan formation, while the Arnica extract was only slightly active in those three conditions.     

伊犁黑蜂蜂胶对口腔主要致龋细菌生物膜作用的实验研究

目的 研究伊犁黑蜂蜂胶对口腔常见致龋细菌生物膜的影响,探讨其防龋效果及可能的防龋机制。方法 通过结晶紫染色法测定黑蜂蜂胶对口腔常见致龋菌（变异链球菌、表兄链球菌、血链球菌、黏性放线菌、内氏放线菌）的最小生物膜清除浓度（MBEC）;培养测试细菌24 h单菌生物膜,加入MBEC及以下的3个浓度配置成初始pH值为7.0的含药培养基,厌氧培养24 h后测pH值,并计算pH变化值以检测不同浓度黑蜂蜂胶对测试菌单菌生物膜产酸能力的影响。蒽酮法测定MBEC及以下的3个浓度的黑蜂蜂胶对变异链球菌24 h单菌生物膜产生水不溶性胞外多糖的影响。结果 黑蜂蜂胶对变异链球菌、表兄链球菌、血链球菌、黏性放线菌、内氏放线菌的MBEC分别是6.25、1.56、3.13、0.78、0.78 mg•mL-1;黑蜂蜂胶可使各测试菌单菌生物膜ΔpH降低,蜂胶各组与对照组相比差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）;在MBEC浓度时,蜂胶可使变异链球菌合成水不溶性胞外多糖的能力降低。结论 伊犁黑蜂蜂胶具有一定的防龋效果,其可能的防龋机制是通过有效清除口腔主要致龋细菌单菌生物膜,抑制测试菌株产酸、合成水不溶性胞外多糖的能力起作用的。     

In vitro antimicrobial activity of plant extracts and propolis in saliva samples of healthy and periodontally-involved subjects

The aim of the present study was to determine, in vitro, the antimicrobial effect of plant extracts and propolis in saliva samples of 25 periodontally healthy subjects and 25 subjects with chronic periodontitis. One saliva sample from each subject was collected and spread on the surface of trypticase soy agar plates. Paper filter discs containing clove, sage, propolis, chlorhexidine 0.12% (positive control) and distilled water (negative control) were placed onto the plates, and incubated anaerobically for 72 hours. Significant differences in the antimicrobial effects of the different substances were tested using paired t-tests and the Spearman correlation coefficient, while differences in the effects of the extracts in periodontally healthy and diseased subjects were tested using Student's t-test. The highest means, in terms of size of microbial inhibition zones (cm) were obtained with chlorhexidine, followed by pure propolis, clove, and sage in subjects with periodontal health (1.35 +/- 0.22, 1.20 +/- 0.20, 0.94 +/- 0.14 and 0.44 +/- 0.38, respectively) or disease (1.38 +/- 0.23, 1.17 +/- 0.21, 0.94 +/- 0.07 and 0.78 +/- 0.07, respectively). There was a positive correlation between the inhibitory action of 11% propolis (w/v) and chlorhexidine (rho = 0.735, p < 0.001) in diseased subjects. The antimicrobial effects of clove and sage, particularly the latter, were less marked in comparison to propolis and chlorhexidine in both groups of subjects. In conclusion, propolis showed significant antimicrobial properties in saliva samples from periodontally healthy and diseased subjects, suggesting that this substance may be used therapeutically in the future to inhibit oral microbial growth.     

两种根管消毒药物体外抑菌作用的比较研究

目的：探讨氢氧化钙制剂ApexCal、2%洗必泰（CHX）及两者配伍制剂对感染根管内常见菌的体外抑制作用。方法：采用琼脂扩散实验测定ApexCal、2%CHX及ApexCal与2%CHX1∶1混合对粪肠球菌、粘性放线菌、牙髓卟啉单胞菌、牙龈卟啉单胞菌和中间普氏菌形成的抑菌环直径并进行统计学比较。结果：2%洗必泰的抑菌作用显著高于ApexCal,ApexCal/2%CHX的抑菌作用显著低于2%CHX,但对粪肠球菌的抑菌作用明显优于Apex-Cal。结论：2%CHX和ApexCal/2%CHX可以作为有效的根管消毒剂,具有临床实用价值。     

蜂胶对变形链球菌的抑菌及粘附抑制实验

目的：测定蜂胶对变形链球菌的抑菌及粘附抑制作用效果，以探讨蜂胶防龋的机制。方法：①用不同浓度的蜂胶溶液，采用杯碟法检测晨胶溶液抑菌活性，并测出其最小抑菌浓度；②用0.04％、0.01％蜂胶溶液采用毛细管法检测蜂胶对变形链球菌粘附抑制效果，设置空白对照及2％氟化钠阳性对照。结果：①蜂胶溶液对变形链球菌有较强的抑菌作用，最小抑菌浓度为0.025％；②0.04％、0.01％两个浓度的蜂胶溶液对变形链球菌的粘附抑制作用明显高于对照组。结论：蜂胶对变形链球菌有明显的抑菌及抑制变形链球菌粘附作用，提示蜂胶具有较强的防龋效果。     

Comparison of the Antimicrobial Effect of Egyptian Propolis vs New Zealand Propolis on Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli in Saliva

Purpose: To evaluate the antimicrobial effect of Egyptian propolis vs New Zealand propolis on Streptococcus mutans and lactobacilli in saliva. Materials and Methods: The strains used for the experiment were isolated from 12 patients having a high caries index. The ethanolic extract (EEP) of pure Egyptian propolis was obtained by dissolving 20 g of propolis in 70% aqueous ethanol to a final volume of 100 ml. The commercial New Zealand propolis, combined with antibacterial agents, was an ethanolic extract of propolis in lozenge form; this was dissolved in distilled water to obtain an EEP. The EEP was further fractioned using a liquid-liquid extraction technique with hexane and chloroform solvents. The antimicrobial properties of the two propolis types and their fractions on Streptococcus mutans and lactobacilli were examined separately by determining minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC). Twelve clinical isolates were obtained from the collected saliva of all patients, one (Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli) from each patient, for susceptibility testing. Results: The MIC values of the New Zealand propolis were lower than the MIC values of the Egyptian propolis, indicating that the New Zealand propolis and hexane fractions (H-fr) in general had stronger antimicrobial effects. In addition, its antimicrobial action was greater on S. mutans than on lactobacilli, except with H-fr they were the same. Conclusion: The commercial New Zealand propolis hexane fraction had the strongest antimicrobial action. The EEP had a more potent antimicrobial effect on S. mutans than on lactobacilli.     

柠檬精油对牙周致病菌抑制作用及其安全性初步研究

目的:探讨柠檬精油对牙周致病菌的体外抗菌活性及对细胞增殖的影响。方法:采用微量液体稀释法测定柠檬精油对Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi的最小抑菌浓度(minimal inhibitory concentration,MIC)及最小杀菌浓度(minimum bactericidal concentration,MBC);以较低浓度的MIC为标准稀释LEO作为实验组,采用MTT法测定柠檬精油对HUVECs的毒性作用,明确抑菌浓度下LEO的安全性。结果:柠檬精油对牙周主要致病菌均有抑菌作用,Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi的MIC分别是9.0 g/L、4.5 g/L、4.5 g/L、9.0 g/L,Aa、Fn的 MBC是9.0 g/L,Pg、Pi的MBC未测得。1/2MIC、1/20MIC浓度的LEO能够抑制人脐静脉内皮细胞的生长,而低于1/200MIC浓度的LEO则对人脐静脉内皮细胞的生长没有影响,其中1/200MIC浓度的LEO作用明显优于0.02%的CHX。结论:体外环境中,柠檬精油对牙周致病菌Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi具有抗菌活性,低浓度应用对机体相对安全。     

Antibacterial and mechanical properties of propolis added to glass ionomer cement

Objective:To investigate whether adding ethanolic extracts of propolis (EEP) might influence the antibacterial and mechanical (shear-peel band strength [SPBS]) properties of conventional glass ionomer cement (GIC) used in orthodontic band cementation.Materials and Methods:The cement was divided into four groups: one using the original composition and three with 10%, 25%, and 50% EEP added to the liquid and then manipulated. An antimicrobial assay, broth-dilution method was used to determine the antibacterial capacity of the GIC containing EEP. Eighty teeth were used for the mechanical assay, and an Instron testing machine was used to evaluate the SPBS. Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for statistical analyses.Results:GIC with the addition of 25% and 50% EEP activated inhibition of Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175) growth, but this effect did not occur in the group to which 10% EEP was added or in the control GIC group. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of SPBS (P > .05).Conclusions:The addition of EEP may increase antibacterial properties without negatively modifying the mechanical properties of conventional GIC.     

中草药提取物联合应用锌离子对口臭相关致病菌的体外抑菌效果

目的 评价中草药提取物与锌离子对口臭相关致病菌的体外抑菌效果;探讨其联合应用是否具有协同作用.方法 选用厚朴酚、小檗碱、黄芩素、鞣酸、银杏双黄酮、苦参碱、绿原酸、丹皮酚和甘草酸等9种中草药提取物与锌离子,采用倍比梯度稀释法,分别测定对口臭相关致病菌牙龈卟啉单胞菌(Porphyromonas gingivalis,Pg)、具核梭杆菌(Fusobacterium nucleatum,Fn)、牙周有益菌血链球菌(Streptococcussanguis,Ss)的最小杀菌浓度值(Minimum Bactericidal Concentration,MBC);采用杯碟法分析筛选出的中草药成分与锌离子联合应用对Pg和Fn的抑制作用.实验数据使用SPSS19.0软件进行单因素方差分析.结果 厚朴酚、小檗碱、绿原酸、银杏双黄酮、锌离子对Pg和Fn抑制效果明显,且对Ss的MBC高于其它两种口臭相关致病菌;厚朴酚与锌离子联合应用组作用于Pg或Fn所形成的抑菌环直径均大于各单独应用组的抑菌环直径(P＜0.05);小檗碱联合应用锌离子对Fn形成的抑菌环大小与两种成分单独应用时的抑菌环直径之间也存在显著差异(P＜0.05).结论 厚朴酚、小檗碱、绿原酸、银杏双黄酮、锌离子是较为理想的抑菌成分.厚朴酚、小檗碱联合应用锌离子对口臭相关致病菌的抑制具有协同作用.