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1.

Objective

Investigate the relationships between food security status and cooking self-efficacy and food preparation behaviors among college students.

Methods

Students living off campus while attending the University of Alabama completed an online survey between February and April 2016. Food security status was assessed using the Adult Food Security Survey Module. Cooking self-efficacy and food preparation behaviors were assessed using validated questionnaires. Multiple regression analysis was used to test for significant differences in cooking self-efficacy and food preparation scores by food security status.

Results

Among respondents (n?=?368), 38.3% were food insecure. Very low food secure students had significantly lower cooking self-efficacy scores and food preparation scores than food secure students (P?=?.001).

Conclusions and Implications

Preparing meals at home is less common for very low food secure students, and these students demonstrate less confidence in cooking ability. Further study of food-related decisions and trade-offs under resource constraints are needed.  相似文献   

2.

Objective

Examine associations between food insecurity and multiple demographic, socioeconomic, acculturation, social risk factor, and food access variables.

Design

Data are from Sinai Community Health Survey 2.0, a cross-sectional, population-based probability survey of adults.

Setting

Ten selected community areas in Chicago.

Participants

Adults aged 18 years and over who completed the Household Food Security Scale (HFSS) portion of the survey were included in the analysis (n?=?1,041).

Main Outcome Measures

Food insecurity as defined by the HFSS was the dependent variable. Independent variables included multiple demographic, socioeconomic, acculturation, social risk factor, and food access variables.

Analysis

Multivariate logistic regression, along with a manual backward selection process, was used to examine predictors of food insecurity. A P of .05 was used to determine statistical significance.

Results

Respondents reporting English as their primary language (odds ratio [OR]?=?0.31; P?=?.002) had significantly lower odds of experiencing food insecurity. Respondents who reported feeling lonely (OR?=?1.86; P?=?.024) had significantly higher odds of experiencing food insecurity. Emergency food use (OR?=?3.89; P?=?.001) and food stamp benefit receipt (OR?=?2.79; P?=?.001) were also associated with food insecurity. Race/ethnicity demonstrated a strong relationship with food insecurity in early models, but this relationship appeared to be mediated by language and social risk factors. In the final adjusted model, most demographic and socioeconomic variables, including race/ethnicity, gender, and education were not significantly associated with food insecurity.

Conclusions and Implications

The burden of food insecurity was not shared equally across populations. This analysis sheds light on significant predictors of food insecurity in several diverse communities in Chicago. Findings can help inform tailored interventions by guiding food assistance programs to those most in need.  相似文献   

3.

Objective

To evaluate the effect of the Utah Double Up Food Bucks (DUFB) program on fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake and food security status among Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) recipients.

Methods

Data were collected in 2015, using a before-and-after study design. At the farmers’ market, a convenience sample of SNAP recipients was recruited for a survey and a 4-week telephone follow-up survey. Differences between the 2 surveys in food security and F&V intake were tested using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.

Results

Follow-up surveys were completed with 138 (40%) of the 339 baseline participants. Median F&V consumption increased from 2.82 times per day to 3.29 times per day (median, interquartile range 1.48–3.99 and 3.28–5.02, respectively, P?=?.002). The percentage of DUFB participants who were food secure increased by 15% (P?=?.001).

Conclusions and Implications

The present results add to the growing literature indicating farmers’ market incentives are associated with increased F&V consumption and decreased food insecurity. Although more research is needed, farmers’ market incentives may be an effective area of policy intervention.  相似文献   

4.

Objective

To compare food purchasing behaviors and diet quality of foods purchased between men and women who were the primary food purchaser for their households.

Methods

Food purchasing was measured via itemized receipts. The dietary composition of purchased foods was derived using the Nutrition Data System for Research and quality was assessed using the Healthy Eating Index–2010.

Results

Men comprised 17.2% of the household primary food purchasers in the sample (n?=?204). There were no differences by gender in the number of items purchased or the number of receipts. Men made fewer purchases at stores (74.0%) than did women (81.4%; P < .001). There were no gender differences in the quality of foods purchased overall or by source of purchase.

Conclusions and Implications

In primary purchasers, purchasing behaviors varied by gender but not purchases did not. Food purchasing interventions should include both genders for greatest impact.  相似文献   

5.

Objective

Assess impact of multimodality weight gain prevention intervention.

Methods

Randomized clinical trial among 39 overweight young Puerto Rico college students using 10 weekly peer-support sessions promoting dietary, physical activity, and other lifestyle changes enhanced by stress-reduction and mindfulness approaches. Body mass index (BMI) and self-reported behaviors were measured at baseline and at 10 weeks and 6 months after baseline.

Results

At the completion of the intervention, BMIs in the experimental arm were 0.8 units lower than at baseline (z?=?–3.0; P?=?.008) and 1.2 lower at 6 months after baseline (z?=?–4.1; P < .001); BMIs in the control arm were 0.7 higher (z?=?2.7; P?=?.02) at 10 weeks and 0.8 higher at 6 months (z?=?3.1; P?=?.005). Group?×?time interaction confirmed that BMI differed significantly over time between arms (χ2?=?26.9; degrees of freedom?=?2; P < .001). Analysis of behavioral changes was mostly inconclusive although the experimental arm reported a considerable increase in walking at 10 weeks. Qualitative data suggested that yoga and mindfulness components were particularly useful for motivating participants to maintain healthier lifestyle patterns.

Conclusions

Body mass index in the experimental arm decreased at the end of intervention and was maintained at 6 months’ follow-up.  相似文献   

6.

Objective

To identify practices, attitudes, and beliefs associated with intake of traditional foods among Alaska Native women.

Design

Cross-sectional study that measured traditional food intake; participation in food-sharing networks; presence of a hunter or fisherman in the home; the preference, healthfulness, and economic value of traditional foods; and financial barriers to obtaining these foods.

Participants

Purposive sample of 71 low-income Alaska Native women receiving Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) assistance in Anchorage, AK.

Analysis

Bivariate and multivariate regression analyses.

Results

Traditional foods contributed 4% of total daily calories. Given a choice, 63% of participants indicated that they would prefer half or more of the foods they ate to be traditional (ie, not store-bought). The majority of participants (64%) believed that traditional foods were healthier than store-bought foods. Of all participants, 72% relied on food-sharing networks for traditional foods; only 21% acquired traditional foods themselves. Participants who ate more traditional foods preferred traditional foods (B?=?.011 P?=?.02).

Implications for Research and Practice

Traditional food intake was low and findings suggested that Alaska Native women living in an urban setting prefer to consume more but are unable to do so. Future research might examine the effect of enhancing social networks and implementing policies that support traditional food intake.  相似文献   

7.

Objective

Examine how the physical cafeteria environment contributes to 6- to 8-year-olds’ school food consumption.

Design

Cross-sectional observational study. Before-and-after lunch tray photos taken with iPads to capture food selection and consumption.

Setting

10 New York City public elementary school cafeterias.

Participants

A total of 382 students aged 6–8 years who ate lunch in the cafeteria on observation days.

Main Outcome Measures

Fruit, vegetable, or whole-grain consumption.

Analysis

Pearson's chi-square and multivariate logistic regression assessed associations between cafeteria environmental factors (time to eat lunch, noise, and crowding) and vegetable, fruit, and/or whole-grain consumption with 95% confidence, adjusted for school-level demographics and clustered by school.

Results

Approximately 70% of students selected fruits, vegetables, and/or whole grains. When selected, consumption was 25%, 43%, and 57%, respectively. Longer time to eat lunch was associated with higher consumption of fruits (odds ratio [OR]?=?2.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1–3.8; P?=?.02) and whole grains (OR?=?2.1; 95% CI, 1.003–4.2; P?<?.05). Quieter cafeterias were associated with eating more vegetables (OR?=?3.9; 95% CI, 1.8–8.4; P < .001) and whole grains (OR?=?2.7; 95% CI, 2.6–4.7; P < .001). Less crowding was associated with eating more fruit (OR?=?2.3; 95% CI, 1.03–5.3; P?=?.04) and whole grains (OR?=?3.3; 95% CI, 1.9–5.6; P < .001).

Conclusions and Implications

Healthy food consumption by 6- to 8-year-old students is associated with cafeteria crowding, noise, and time to eat lunch. Implementing and enforcing changes to the cafeteria environment mandated by wellness policies may reduce plate waste.  相似文献   

8.
9.

Objective

Assess the impact of a web-based gamification program on nutrition literacy of families and explore differences in impact by socioeconomic status.

Design

Quasi-experimental.

Setting

Thirty-seven kindergartens from Portugal.

Participants

Eight hundred seventy-seven families.

Intervention

Web-based social network of participants' interactions, educational materials, apps and nutritional challenges, focused on fruit, vegetables, sugar, and salt.

Main Outcome Measures

Parental nutrition literacy (self-reported survey – 4 dimensions: Nutrients, Food portions, Portuguese food wheel groups, Food labeling).

Analysis

General linear model – Repeated measures was used to analyze the effect on the nutrition literacy score.

Results

Families uploaded 1267 items (recipes, photographs of challenges) and educators uploaded 327 items (photographs, videos) onto the interactive platform. For the intervention group (n?=?106), the final mean (SD) score of nutrition literacy was significantly higher than the baseline: 78.8% (15.6) vs 72.7% (16.2); P < .001, regardless of parental education and perceived income status. No significant differences in the scores of the control group (n?=?83) were observed (final 67.8% [16.1] vs initial 66.4% [15.6]; P?=?.364).

Conclusions and Implications

Gamified digital interactive platform seems to be a useful, easily adapted educational tool for the healthy eating learning process. Future implementations of the program will benefit from longer time intervention and assessment of the eating habits of families before and after intervention.  相似文献   

10.

Objective

To evaluate Food, Health, & Choices, two 10-month interventions.

Design

Cluster-randomized, controlled study with 4 groups: curriculum, wellness, curriculum plus wellness, and control.

Setting

Twenty elementary schools (5/group) in New York City.

Participants

Fifth-grade students (n?=?1,159). At baseline, 44.6% were at the ≥85th body mass index (BMI) percentile for age and 86% qualified for free or reduced-price lunch.

Intervention

Curriculum was 23 science lessons based on social cognitive and self-determination theories, replacing 2 mandated units. Wellness was classroom food policy and physical activity bouts of Dance Breaks.

Main Outcome Measures

For obesity, age- and sex-specific BMI percentiles were used (anthropometric measures). The researchers also employed 6 energy balance-related behaviors and 8 theory-based determinants of behavior change (by questionnaire).

Analysis

Pairwise adjusted odds in hierarchical logistic regression models were determined for >85th BMI percentile. Behaviors and theory-based determinants were examined in a 2-level hierarchical linear model with a 2?×?2 design for intervention effects and interactions.

Results

Obesity showed no change. For behaviors, there was a negative curriculum intervention change in physical activity (P?=?.04). The wellness intervention resulted in positive changes for sweetened beverages frequency (P?=?.05) and size (P?=?.006); processed packaged snacks size (P?=?.01); candy frequency (P?=?.04); baked good frequency (P?=?.05); and fast food frequency (P?=?.003), size (P?=?.01), and combo meals (P?=?.002). Theory-based determinants demonstrated no change.

Conclusions and Implications

The findings of the lack of a decrease in obesity, behavior changes only for the wellness intervention, and no changes in theory-based determinants warrant further research.  相似文献   

11.

Objective

Restrictive food avoidance behavior among Chinese cancer patients is common. Yet, to the authors’ knowledge, no study has investigated factors associated with such behavior. This study attempted to validate a new measurement tool, the Cancer Patients Food Avoidance Behaviors Scale (CPFAB), that assessed cancer patients’ belief regarding 5 perceived benefits of practicing food avoidance, and to test its applicability.

Design

Cross-sectional face-to-face interviews.

Setting

Two outpatient oncology clinics in 2 different districts of Hong Kong.

Participants

A total of 245 patients with nasopharyngeal and colorectal cancer.

Main Outcome Measures

Assessment of psychometric properties of the CPFAB.

Analysis

Principal components method with oblique (Promax) rotations was performed to investigate the factor structure of the CPFAB.

Results

Psychometric properties, which included test-retest intraclass correlations (mean?=?0.72; SD?=?0.12), Cronbach α (.88–.94), floor (0.4% to 5.7%) and ceiling (0% to 7.3%) effects, and item-subscale (0.67–0.79) and subscale-total (0.68–0.89) correlations, were satisfactory.

Conclusions and Implications

The CPFAB, a new instrument used to assess food avoidance, was developed and validated. It showed satisfactory psychometric properties and can be used to evaluate interventions that seek to modify food avoidance attitudes among cancer patients.  相似文献   

12.

Objective

To evaluate the effectiveness of nutrition counseling for patients with hypertension, provided in a grocery store setting.

Design

Single-arm pretest–posttest design implementing a 12-week dietary intervention.

Setting

Grocery store.

Participants

Thirty adults with hypertension recruited from a primary care practice.

Intervention

Registered dietitian nutritionists provided counseling based on the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet.

Main Outcome Measures

Dietary intake patterns and Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010) scores measured via food-frequency questionnaire. Change in systolic blood pressure (SBP) was a secondary outcome.

Analysis

Paired t tests were used to test for differences between HEI-2010 scores, intake of key food pattern components, and SBP at baseline compared with follow-up. Statistical significance was established at P ≤ .05.

Results

Eight HEI-2010 component scores increased significantly from baseline to follow-up (a change toward a more desirable eating pattern): total fruit, whole fruit, greens and beans, whole grains, fatty acids, refined grains, and empty calories. Sodium (P < .001), saturated fat (P < .001), discretionary solid fat (P < .001), added sugars (P?=?.01), and total fat (P < .001) all decreased significantly. The change in SBP was not significant.

Conclusions and Implications

Grocery store–based counseling for patients with hypertension may be an effective strategy to provide lifestyle counseling that is not typically available within primary care.  相似文献   

13.

Objective

To evaluate behavior modification of diet and parent feeding practices in childhood obesity interventions.

Design

Secondary analysis of randomized, controlled trial comparing Mind, Exercise, Nutrition … Do It! (MEND2-5 and MEND/Coordinated Approach to Child Health [CATCH6-12]) vs Next Steps at baseline and 3 and 12 months.

Setting

Austin and Houston, TX.

Participants

A total of 549 Hispanic and black children randomized to programs by age groups (2–5, 6–8, and 9–12 years)

Interventions

Twelve-month MEND2-5 and MEND/CATCH6-12 vs Next Steps.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Diet (MEND-friendly/unfriendly food groups and Healthy Eating Index-2010) and parent feeding practices (parental overt control, discipline, limit setting, monitoring, reinforcement, modeling, and covert control; and food neophobia).

Analysis

Mixed-effects linear regression.

Results

Changes in diet quality, consumption of MEND-unfriendly foods, and parent feeding practices did not differ between programs. In both interventions, MEND-unfriendly vegetables, grains, dairy and protein, added fat and desserts/sugar-sweetened beverages declined in 2–5- and 6–8-year-olds (P < .001). Healthy Eating Index-2010 improved in 2–5- (treatment; P?=?.002) and 6–8-year-olds (P?=?.001). Parental overt control decreased and limit setting, discipline, monitoring, reinforcement, and covert control increased with both interventions in 2–5- and 6–8-year-olds (P < 0.01–0.001).

Conclusions

Diet quality, consumption of MEND-unfriendly foods, and parent feeding practices were altered constructively in 2 pediatric obesity interventions, especially in 2–5- and 6–8-year-olds.  相似文献   

14.

Objective

To examine the associations among acculturation, food environment, and food insecurity among Puerto Ricans in Boston.

Methods

The researchers used data from the second wave of the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study. The sample included 719 Puerto Rican adults in Boston. The researchers used logistic regression to examine the associations between psychological and language acculturation and food insecurity.

Results

Individuals with medium psychological acculturation were more likely to be food insecure than were those with low or high psychological acculturation (P = .01). The association between language acculturation and food insecurity differed by distance of residence from primary shopping location (P = .02).

Conclusions and Implications

This study extends the understanding of acculturation and food insecurity by investigating the impact of psychological and language acculturation. The findings highlight biculturalism, indicated by medium psychological acculturation, as a risk factor for food insecurity. People with low language acculturation who live far from food shopping locations had the highest prevalence of food insecurity.  相似文献   

15.
16.
17.

Objective

Estimate Healthy Homes/Healthy Families (HHHF) intervention efficacy for improving dietary quality.

Methods

Low-income overweight and obese women (n?=?349) recruited from rural community health centers were randomized to receive HHHF, a 16-week home environment–focused coaching intervention or health education materials by mail. Healthy Eating Index–2010 scores were calculated from 2 24-hour dietary recalls collected at baseline and 6- and 12-month follow-up.

Results

HHHF participants reported greater improvements in Healthy Eating Index–2010 total scores at 6-month follow-up (+3.41 ± 13.43 intervention vs +2.02 ± 12.26 control; P =.009). Subcomponent analysis indicated greater consumption of total vegetables (P?=?.02) and greens and beans (P?=?.001), whole grains (P?=?.02) and reduced consumption of empty calories (P?=?.03). Standardized intervention effect sizes were 0.16 at 6 months and 0.13 at 12 months of follow-up.

Conclusions and Implications

The HHHF resulted in short-term improvements in dietary quality, although more research is needed to interpret the clinical significance of effect sizes of this magnitude.  相似文献   

18.
19.

Objective

To determine how the Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP) affects the quality of life (QoL) of its low-income adult participants.

Methods

A cross-sectional exploratory study using focus groups (n?=?15) in 8 states with EFNEP participants (n?=?111) 2–4 months after graduation. Focus groups were conducted with non-Hispanic white (4 groups), black (4), English-speaking Hispanic (4), and Spanish-speaking Hispanic (3) respondents. A priori template analysis based on constructs from the University of Toronto's Quality of Life Profile for Adults and constant comparative procedures were used to generate results.

Results

Participants reported following healthier dietary and physical activity behaviors and having increased motivation to improve themselves and greater satisfaction with life. All groups noted being a more positive influence on their families and a having willingness to learn and try new things.

Conclusions and Implications

The EFNEP enhances the QoL of its participants, which suggests that the program's benefits go beyond participants’ documented nutrition and health-related behavior changes. In the future, EFNEP might examine whether improved QoL is also a predictor of sustained behavior change and a means for differentiating program impacts owing to variations in dose (number of contacts) or delivery methods (face-to-face vs online).  相似文献   

20.

Objective

To evaluate the effects of a supermarket meal bundling and electronic reminder intervention on food choices of families with children.

Design

Quasi-experimental (meal bundling) and randomized, controlled trial (electronic reminders).

Setting

Large supermarket in Maine during 40-week baseline and 16-week intervention periods in 2015–2016.

Participants

English-speaking adults living with at least 1 child aged ≤18 years (n?=?300) with 25% of households participating in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program.

Intervention(s)

(1) Four bundles of ingredients needed to make 8 low-cost healthful meals were promoted in the store through displays and point-of-purchase messaging for 4 weeks each; (2) weekly electronic messages based on principles from behavioral psychology were sent to study participants reminding them to look for meal bundles in the store.

Main Outcome Measures

(1) Difference in storewide sales and individual purchases of bundled items (measured using supermarket loyalty card data) from baseline to intervention in intervention vs control groups.

Analysis

Regressions controlling for total food spending and accounting for repeated measures.

Results

There were no differences in spending on bundled items resulting from the meal bundling intervention or the electronic reminders.

Conclusions and Implications

Overall, there was little impact of healthful meal bundles and electronic reminders on storewide sales or purchases of promoted items in a large supermarket.  相似文献   

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