Everting suture correction of lower lid involutional entropion

AIMS: To assess the long term efficacy of everting sutures in the correction of lower lid involutional entropion and to quantify the effect upon lower lid retractor function. METHODS: A prospective single armed clinical trial of 62 eyelids in 57 patients undergoing everting suture correction of involutional entropion. Patients were assessed preoperatively and at 6, 12, 24, and 48 months postoperatively. The main outcome variables were lower lid position and the change in lower lid retractor function. RESULTS: When compared with the non-entropic side, the entropic lid had a greater degree of horizontal laxity and poorer lower lid retractor function. These differences however, were not significant. At the conclusion of the study and after a mean follow up period of 31 months, the entropion had recurred in 15% of the patients. There were no treatment failures in the group of five patients with recurrent entropion. The improvement in lower lid retractor function after the insertion of lower lid everting sutures did not reach statistical significance. There was no significant difference between the treatment failure group and the group with a successful outcome with regard to: the degree of horizontal lid laxity or lower lid retractor function present preoperatively; patient age or sex; an earlier history of surgery for entropion. There was neither a demonstrable learning effect nor a significant intersurgeon difference in outcome. The overall 4 year mortality rate was 30%. CONCLUSIONS: The use of everting sutures in the correction of primary or recurrent lower lid involutional entropion is a simple, successful, long lasting, and cost effective procedure.     

改良的下睑内翻矫正术15例

目的探讨老年性痉挛性下睑内翻的手术方法和效果。方法对15例(15眼)下睑内翻施行了经皮肤的部分眼轮匝肌切除、下睑缩肌前移和下睑缩短联合下睑多余的松弛皮肤切除。结果经6月～3a的随访观察,全部患者内翻矫正,自觉症状消失,无1例复发。结论经皮肤的下睑内翻矫正术能有效消除这种内翻的各种成因,手术操作简单,疗效可靠。     

Cautery for lower lid entropion.

A prospective study was undertaken to evaluate a simple cautery technique for the correction of involutional lower lid entropion in 50 patients. After a 12 month follow-up period all patients were free of entropion. Only one patient needed to have the procedure repeated because of recurrence. The technique was found to be simple, effective, safe, and required very little time and skill.     

下睑缩肌折叠术治疗下睑内翻64例

目的:探讨下睑缩肌在常见下睑内翻发病机制中的作用、矫治术中下睑缩肌折叠的理论根据,表明下睑缩肌功能不全是常见下睑内翻最主要的致病因素。方法:用下睑缩肌折叠术治疗64例(64眼)常见下睑内翻,其中12例儿童患者;观察手术效果并进行分析。结果:用下睑缩肌折叠术治疗下睑内翻64例(64眼),内翻的下睑术后全部恢复了正常位置,手术一次成功。结论:矫治常见下睑内翻的手术原理就是加强或设法恢复下睑缩肌的有效张力或功能。     

Botulinum toxin for the treatment of congenital entropion

Purpose

To describe a case of congenital entropion presenting with ulcerative keratitis that was successfully treated with a single injection of botulinum toxin.

Design

Interventional case report.

Methods

A 3-week-old female infant with a corneal ulcer of the left eye since birth presented for evaluation. She was found to have entropion of the left lower lid. The pretarsal orbicularis muscle was injected with 5 units of botulinum toxin.

Results

Four days after treatment, the entropion had resolved and the corneal epithelial defect had healed. There was no recurrence of the entropion 7 months after botulinum toxin injection.

Conclusions

Injection of botulinum toxin can effectively treat certain cases of congenital entropion.     

改良下睑整复术在治疗复发性老年性下睑内翻中的应用

目的:探讨改良下睑整复术在治疗复发性老年性下睑内翻中的应用。方法:由同一术者对2006-01/2011-01我院收治的10例在外院行各种治疗方法后复发的老年性下睑内翻倒睫行下睑眼轮匝肌缩短+下睑皮肤刀形切除术,术后随访观察手术效果。结果:患者10例术后全部矫正,随访1～5a均无复发。结论:改良下睑整复术(下睑眼轮匝肌缩短+下睑皮肤刀形切除术)治疗复发性老年性下睑内翻倒睫效果良好稳定。     

儿童先天性下睑内翻的治疗

目的 探讨儿童先天性下睑内翻的不同发病机制及对症治疗的效果.方法 102例（204眼）儿童先天性下睑内翻,年龄1岁5个月～15岁.对不同的临床表现采用不同的手术方法矫正.结果 对于下睑内翻轻度,眼球上下转动睫毛的位置不改变者,行单纯下睑穹隆皮肤3对缝线法6例（12眼）;下睑内翻轻度,向前方注视睫毛不接触眼球,眼球向下转动时睫毛接触眼球者,采用下直肌鞘离断术7例（14眼）;睑内翻中度或重度,眼球向下转动时加重者,采用下直肌鞘纤维离断联合缝线法45例（90眼）;下睑内翻中度或重度,眼球上下运动睫毛位置无改变者,采用下睑皮肤和下眼轮匝部分切除的切开法（Hotz法）42例（84眼）.单纯内眦赘皮矫正术2例（4眼）.术后随诊3个月～1年,97.05％的患眼下睑内翻得到完全矫正,2.95％的患眼内眦部有倒睫.结论 儿童先天性下睑内翻根据其临床不同的表现,采取个性化的治疗,方能达到最佳的效果.     

Surgical correction of senile entropion of the lower lid with fascia lata sling.

A method of surgical correction of senile entropion of the lower lid with heterogenous fascia lata sling is described with no tissue loss and minimum of surgical trauma.     

Retractor plication for lower lid entropion in ocular cicatricial pemphigoid

The surgical treatment of lower lid entropion in ocular cicatricial pemphigoid has previously met with limited success and conventional techniques have in some cases caused disease progression. We have treated lower lid entropion in this condition with retractor plication, avoiding surgery to the conjunctiva in five patients (seven eyelids) over the past five years with successful correction of the condition and symptomatic improvement in all patients. It has not led to an acute exacerbation of the condition in any patient and we recommend it as the procedure of choice in the surgical management of entropion in this disorder.     

两种方法矫正老年性下睑内翻的疗效比较

目的观察老年性下睑内翻倒睫深部固定联合灰线切开手术的疗效。方法将我院老年性下睑内翻倒睫手术的病例按手术方式不同分A、B两组进行回顾性分析研究。A组84例（105只眼）行深部固定加灰线切开手术,B组78例（96只眼）仅作深部固定矫正。术后随访观察6～62个月,平均（26.5±12.0）个月,观察统计两组复发率。结果 A组复发1只眼,复发率1.0%,。B组复发23只眼,复发率24.0%。经χ2检验分析,两组手术后复发率有明显差异（χ2=25.24,P〈0.005）。结论深部固定加灰线切开手术治疗老年性下睑内翻疗效好,复发少。     

Full-thickness lid sutures for entropion

Insertion of full-thickness absorbable eyelid sutures was carried out during a four-year period on 34 unselected patients with spastic or senile entropion. Four 5/0 Dexon sutures proved to be the most effective method. The over-all success rate was 50% and thus the operation cannot be recommended as the standard procedure for cases of entropion. Even so, it is useful in cases of spastic entropion due to surgery or corneal ulceration, when 100% success can be expected, and also when minimal surgical trauma or inconvenience is desired for often very elderly patients.     

Surgical correction for lower lid epiblepharon in Asians

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Epiblepharon is a congenital lid anomaly in which a fold of skin and underlying orbicularis muscle push the lashes against the eyeball. It is important to get a good lash eversion effect without forming a prominent lid crease in Asian patients. The surgical effect of this rotating suture technique was evaluated. METHODS: Surgical correction for epiblepharon was performed on 197 patients and the results analysed in 169 patients who had been followed for 1 month or more. After subciliary incision, several buried 8-0 nylon sutures were placed to allow adhesion between the tarsal plate and the subcutaneous tissue of the upper skin flap with minimal resection of pretarsal orbicularis and redundant skin. RESULTS: 156 patients (92.3%) showed satisfactory results during 7.1 months of average follow up. Reoperation was performed only on two patients out of 13 because of mildness of symptoms and signs. Complications were minimal including suture abscesses in four patients and wound dehiscence in one. CONCLUSION: The rotating suture technique was very effective in repairing epiblepharon without forming a prominent lower eyelid crease.     

A comparative study of two procedures for repair of involutional lower lid entropion

OBJECTIVE: The study compares the use of Jones' retractor plication and the Wies procedure as a primary procedure for the repair of involutional lower lid entropion in the absence of horizontal lid shortening. DESIGN: Retrospective case series comparison. PARTICIPANTS: One hundred two cases with at least 6 months follow-up after primary surgery for involutional lower lid entropion performed between 1993 and 1996. INTERVENTIONS: Two groups were compared: Jones' retractor plication was performed in one group and the Wies procedure in the other; neither group had horizontal shortening of the lower eyelid. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The rates of cure, recurrence, and overcorrection of the lower lid entropion. RESULTS: Jones' retractor plication was performed in 37 (36%) patients and the Wies procedure in 65 (64%). Two of the 37 (5%) Jones cases had recurrent entropion develop, both at 31 months after surgery, compared with 1 1 of 65 (17%) recurrences after the Wies procedure (P = 0.81); recurrence after Wies procedure was earlier, at a median of 6 months after surgery. There were 20 of 65 (31 %) overcorrections after the Wies procedure and 4 of 37 (11 %) after the Jones procedure (P < 0.02); one quarter of each group required secondary repair of the overcorrection (5 of 20 after failed Wies procedure; 25% after failed Jones procedure). Overall, there were 6 of 37 (16%) unsatisfactory results after the Jones procedure in contrast to 31 of 65 (48%) after the Wies procedure (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: These data provide strong evidence (P < 0.001) that, in the absence of horizontal shortening of the lower eyelid, a successful outcome is more likely after Jones retractor plication than after the Wies procedure.     

Botulinum toxin injection-treatment of upper lid retraction in thyroid eye disease

OBJECTIVE: Upper lid retraction associated with thyroid eye disease may result in conjunctival and corneal exposure as well as in an esthetic problem. We evaluated the effect of botulinum toxin injections in order to lower the upper lid. METHODS: This prospective study included 19 eyes of 13 female patients presenting with scleral exposure aged 28-50 years. We injected 5-15 IE botulinum toxin A (Botox) transconjunctivally into the levator muscle. Lid position, negative side effects, and patient satisfaction were evaluated. RESULTS: Lid retraction improved from 2.4 mm (+/-1.4 mm) prior to injection to 0.5 mm (+/-2.3 mm) 4 weeks after injection. In 11 of 19 eyes 4 weeks after injection and in 8 of 14 eyes 12 weeks after injection scleral exposure had resolved. Diplopia did not occur and tear production was not influenced. Two eyes had transient ptosis. Lid lag increased from 0.34 (+/-0.6 mm) to 0.84 mm (+/-0.9 mm). Of 13 patients, 8 were satisfied with the result. CONCLUSION: Botulinum toxin A injection provides effective treatment especially in mild lid retraction and as a temporary solution for patients with unstable thyroid disease.