Relationship between anti-CCP antibodies and oxidant and anti-oxidant activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Objective/Aim: A new group of autoantibodies in Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), the anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies directed to citrulline-containing proteins, which are of value for the severity of RA. Up to date, the relationship between anti-CCP antibodies and oxidant, anti-oxidant activity in patients with RA has not been elucidated in the previous studies. In this study we aimed to investigate the effect of anti-CCP antibodies in the circulation on whole blood, serum and synovial fluid oxidant and anti-oxidant activity in patients with RA. Materials and Methods: RA patients with anti-CCP (+) (n=25) and anti-CCP (-) (n=24) were recruited into the study. All patients had a positive rheumatoid factor (RF). The patients who were under treatment with only non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID) at the study time included in the study. Catalase (CAT), Glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities and the levels of Malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured in whole blood, serum and synovial fluid in both groups. Results: There were no significant differences in terms of the mean whole blood and serum antioxidative activity (CAT, GSHpx) and the mean blood and serum MDA and MPO values (oxidative activity), between the patients with anti-CCP(+) and those with anti-CCP(-). There was increased synovial oxidant activity (MDA and MPO levels) (p<0.05) in anti-CCP(+) RA patients with or without ESR negativity when compared with anti-CCP(-) RA patients. There was positive correlation between anti-CCP antibody levels and synovial MDA and MPO levels (r=0.435, p<0.05, r=0.563, p<0.05 respectively) in anti-CCP (+) group. Conclusions: In conclusion, anti-CCP antibody positivity seems to be associated with increased synovial fluid oxidant activity (increased MDA and MPO levels) in patients with RA. These conclusions need to be validated in a larger controlled study population.     

Vitamin D status is associated with inflammatory biomarkers and clinical symptoms in patients with knee osteoarthritis

Background and aimThe association between vitamin D status and osteoarthritis (OA) and bone remodeling has been shown previously. The present study was conducted to determine the association between vitamin D status and inflammatory biomarkers and clinical symptoms in patients with knee OA.MethodsThis case–control study was performed on 124 subjects with mild to moderate knee OA and 65 healthy controls. Demographic data was collected from all participants at baseline. We used Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC Index) for evaluating the severity of clinical symptoms in these patients. Serum levels of vitamin D as well as markers of inflammation including interleukin 1-β (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and nuclear factor k-B (NF-κB) p65 were evaluated for each participant.ResultsThe results of the present study showed that patients with knee OA had lower levels of vitamin D and higher levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, hs-CRP, and NF-кB p65 compared with healthy controls (P < 0.0001). The levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and NF-кB p65 in knee OA patients with vitamin D insufficiency were significantly higher compared with the knee OA patients with sufficient vitamin D (P < 0.05). Based on the linear regression analysis, serum vitamin D levels were inversely correlated with IL-1β, TNF-α, hs-CRP, and NF-кB p65 levels (P < 0.0001). Patients with sufficient vitamin D levels had lower total and physical function WOMAC scores compared with patients with vitamin D insufficiency (P = 0.011 and P = 0.010, respectively).ConclusionThe results suggest a strong link between vitamin D deficiency and increased inflammatory biomarkers as well as increased severity of clinical symptoms in knee OA patients.     

盐酸氨基葡萄糖联合塞来昔布治疗膝骨性关节炎的随机对照

背景：盐酸氨基葡萄糖被认为具有治疗膝关节骨性关节炎的作用,但其是否对不同程度的骨性关节炎都有效,联合应用非类固醇类抗炎药与单用盐酸氨基葡萄糖是否存在疗效差别,尚需进一步临床研究。 目的：采用前瞻性研究的方法对比单用盐酸氨基葡萄糖以及联合应用塞来昔布治疗不同程度膝关节骨性关节炎的临床疗效。 方法：采用Lequesne评分将152例膝关节骨关节炎患者分为轻、中、重度,然后随机配比法均分为单用盐酸氨基葡萄糖组和盐酸氨基葡萄糖联合塞来昔布用药组,于用药后2,4,6周以及停药8,12周统计患者Lequesne评分,用药前后及组间进行对比并统计盐酸氨基葡萄糖的不良反应。 结果与结论：在轻度骨性关节炎治疗组中,盐酸氨基葡萄糖组治疗4周、停药12周后Lequesne评分与治疗前比较,差异有显著性意义;而联合用药组治疗2周后评分即有改善,两组比较,评分在治疗2,4周差异有显著性意义,说明联合用药组效果改善更显著;中度骨性关节炎患者在治疗2,4,6周和停药8周时,联合用药患者Lequesne评分均低于单纯使用盐酸氨基葡萄糖患者,差异均有显著性意义(P < 0.05),说明在中度骨性关节炎,盐酸氨基葡萄糖联合塞来昔布治疗效果好于单独用药;重度骨性关节炎中,两组治疗后Lequesne评分与治疗前比较,均无明显改善。结果说明对于轻度膝骨性关节炎,单用盐酸氨基葡萄糖口服即可明显改善患者临床症状,对于中度膝骨关节炎,建议联合非类固醇类抗炎药类用药,可以较好改善临床症状,而对于重度膝骨关节炎,两种方法均无效。     

膝骨关节炎全膝关节置换前骨质疏松的相关因素分析

BACKGROUND: The greatest risk of osteoporosis in total knee arthroplasty is perioperative and long-term periprosthetic fractures. However, limited by the traditional concept of osteoarthritis patients who usually not associated with osteoporosis, domestic clinical trials have not given enough attention to the osteoporosis before total knee arthroplasty.      

膝骨关节炎与膝关节伸、屈肌群肌力的相关性研究

目的通过研究膝骨关节炎(knee osteoarthritis,KOA)症状及病变阶段与膝关节伸、屈肌群肌力的相关性,探讨KOA患者肌力训练的关键肌群。方法社区募集健康老年人、单膝KOA患者、双膝KOA患者共99位志愿者,应用膝关节等速肌力测试、WOMAC评分、6 min步行测试、CS-30测试,分析志愿者膝关节伸、屈肌群峰力矩与KOA症状、全身有氧运动能力、关节功能等的相关性。结果单膝KOA组患者患侧膝关节伸肌群等速峰力矩显著低于健侧。双膝KOA组患者症状严重侧和症状较轻侧膝关节伸、屈肌群等速峰力矩差异均有统计学意义。双膝KOA组患者膝关节伸肌群等速峰力矩显著低于健康组。KOA患者膝关节伸、屈肌群等速峰力矩与CS-30测试、6 min步行测试均呈正相关,均与年龄呈负相关;膝关节伸肌群等速峰力矩与WOMAC评分的疼痛和功能障碍项呈负相关。结论膝关节伸、屈肌群均与KOA相关,KOA康复过程中不仅需重视股四头肌等伸肌群的训练,而且要兼顾腘绳肌、腓肠肌等屈肌群的训练。     

膝骨性关节炎合并内翻畸形患者运动特征研究

为研究膝骨性关节炎合并内翻畸形患者术前生物力学群体特征,用于比较患者术前术后步态延续性及进行术后康复指导,本文采集9例患者水平行走和坐立-起身过程的步态,并进行骨肌多体动力学分析。本文研究结果显示,水平行走时试验组下肢运动功能减弱,试验组非手术侧膝关节平均活动范围为22.5°~71.5°,拟置换侧膝关节平均活动范围为24.4°~57.6°,而对照组膝关节平均活动范围为7.2°~62.4°。单侧膝内翻患者完成坐立-起身过程时的下肢地面反作用力对称度介于0.72~0.85,非手术侧下肢起主要支撑作用。双侧膝内翻患者坐立-起身时地面反作用力之和最小。尽管单侧膝内翻患者采用非手术侧下肢过量负载的代偿方式能完成术后日常活动,但长期过量负载容易增加非手术侧下肢膝关节罹患膝骨性关节炎风险。对膝骨性关节炎合并内翻畸形患者完成日常活动的运动学和生物力学特征进行研究,有助于从生物力学角度理解内翻膝的发病机制,对患者的术前评估、预防和术后恢复具有较强的临床指导意义。     

人工全膝关节置换术结合加速康复外科理念治疗膝关节骨关节炎的临床效果

探讨人工全膝关节置换术(TKA)结合加速康复外科(ERAS)理念治疗膝关节骨关节炎(KOA)的疗效。 方法选取赤峰市医院骨关节科2018年1月至11月收治的KOA患者220例,按随机数字表法分为2组,加速康复组(n＝108),遵循围手术期应用ERAS理念,严格执行加速康复程序;对照组(n＝112),沿袭传统手术管理模式。制定相同的出院标准,比较2组患者术后早期疼痛数字评分法(NRS)评分,术后输血率,恶心、呕吐发生率,口渴、饥饿发生率,达到出院标准的时间,术后2周的满意度评分,术后3个月美国特种外科医院(HSS)膝关节评分,术后并发症发生率等。数据比较采用t检验和χ²检验。 结果术后12、24、48 h,加速康复组术后早期疼痛NRS评分分别为(2.13±1.21)、(2.42±1.11)、(2.83±1.18)分,低于对照组[(3.24±1.45)、(3.35±1.23)、(3.78±1.25)分],差异均有统计学意义(t＝3.9498、3.7689、3.7088,P＝0.0002、0.0003、0.0004);加速康复组术后输血率6.5%(7/108),低于对照组[27.7%(31/112)],差异有统计学意义(χ²＝17.2887,P<0.05);加速康复组术后恶心、呕吐发生率为14.8%(16/108),低于对照组[38.4%(43/112)],差异有统计学意义(χ²＝15.5741,P<0.05);加速康复组术后口渴、饥饿发生率为12.0%(13/108),低于对照组[41.1%(46/112)],差异有统计学意义(χ²＝23.6163,P<0.05);加速康复组达到出院标准的时间平均为(2.9±1.3) d,少于对照组[(5.7±1.6) d],差异有统计学意义(t＝9.1301,P<0.05);加速康复组术后2周的满意度评分为(9.8±1.2)分,高于对照组[(8.9±1.1)分],差异有统计学意义(t＝3.7042,P<0.05);加速康复组、对照组术后3个月HSS膝关节评分分别为(88.2±13.2)、(87.7±16.6)分,2组比较差异无统计学意义(t＝0.1585,P＝0.8744);加速康复组并发症发生率为2.7%(3/108),低于对照组[9.8%(10/112)],差异有统计学意义(t＝4.5779,P＝0.0324)。 结论采用人工TKA结合ERAS理念治疗KOA,可以减轻术后应激反应,加速患者康复进程,减少手术并发症,缩短住院时间,提高患者满意度,是一种安全、可靠的选择,值得临床推广应用。     

穴位注射改善膝骨关节炎患者疼痛及关节功能的Meta分析

文题释义： 穴位注射法：将药液注入穴位使药物直接应用于穴位,既发挥药物作用又能发挥经络传导的作用,通过药物刺激调节人体经络系统,达到舒筋通络的作用。 膝骨关节炎：又称为膝关节增生性关节炎、退行性膝关节炎,是中老年人常见的一种慢性骨关节病,主要病理特点为关节软骨退变、破坏、软骨下骨硬化、关节边缘软骨下骨增生,进而引起滑膜炎症、半月板损伤、游离体形成及关节外组织炎症等一系列病变,临床症状以膝关节的疼痛、肿胀、变形及活动受限为主。背景：大量临床研究显示,穴位注射治疗膝骨关节炎具有治疗效果好、不良反应少等优点,但当前穴位注射治疗该病缺乏多中心大样本的临床研究试验。 目的：应用Meta分析法系统评价穴位注射疗法对膝骨关节炎患者疼痛改善及关节功能的影响。 方法：检索中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、Embase及Cochrane Library等数据库中自建库以来至2019年5月有关穴位注射治疗膝骨关节炎的临床随机对照试验,观察组为穴位注射或穴位注射联合其他疗法,对照组为不同于穴位注射疗法的其他治疗方法,检索语言中、英文不限,筛选后使用Review Manager 5.3软件提取文献数据进行Meta分析。 结果与结论：①共纳入16篇随机对照试验,涉及患者1 287例,其中观察组648例,对照组639例;②Meta分析显示,观察组的总体有效率、治愈率、Lysholm评分、日本膝关节功能评分均高于对照组[OR=3.23,95%CI(2.19,4.76),Z=5.91,P < 0.000 01;OR=1.86,95%CI(1.35,2.58),Z=3.74,P=0.000 2;MD=7.87,95%CI(2.66,13.08),Z=2.96,P=0.003;MD=9.16,95%CI(4.18,14.13),Z=3.61,P=0.000 3],两组目测类比评分、WOMAC评分、Lequesne指数及不良反应发生率比较差异均无显著性意义[MD=-1.11,95%CI(-2.29,0.07),Z=1.84,P=0.07;MD=-7.56,95%CI(-17.26,2.14),Z=1.53,P=0.13;MD=-0.46,95%CI(-1.62,0.71),Z=0.77,P=0.44;OR=1.31,95%CI(0.31,5.57),Z=0.37,P=0.71];③结果表明穴位注射治疗膝骨关节炎的疗效确切,但由于纳入研究的文献质量普遍不高及可能存在偏倚等因素,仍需更多更高质量的随机对照试验来验证结论。ORCID: 0000-0002-7859-7850(邓凯烽) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程     

Histological characteristics of knee menisci in patients with osteoarthritis

Existing data indicate knee menisci in patients with osteoarthritis (OA) show tearing, maceration, and fragmentation, but little is known about the change in histological structure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the change in the menisci histological structure in patients with clinically diagnosed knee OA. Fourteen patients undergoing surgical treatment of knee OA (OA group) and 14 cadaveric knees (control group) were assessed. Demographic data, medical history, synovial fluid, OA severity, medial meniscus (MM) tissue, and lateral meniscus (LM) tissue were collected from the OA group. Three nonconsecutive 10 μm cross‐sectional tissue slices of menisci were analyzed for percentage of tissue calcification. Exact Mann–Whitney tests and Spearman correlation coefficients tested for relationships between variables. The major change in the histological structure of the menisci in patients with OA was calcification of the matrix, which was significantly greater in the OA group compared with the control group for MM (OA: 11.9%, cadaver: 5.17%; P < 0.001) and LM tissues (OA: 11.1%, cadaver: 4.2%; P < 0.001). A correlation between percent calcification of the MM and LM tissues existed in the OA group (ρ = 0.56, P = 0.04) but not the control group (P = 0.20). The most pronounced pathological change in the histology of menisci was calcification of the cartilage matrix, significantly greater in the OA group than the control group. A strong correlation between percent calcification of MM and LM tissues in patients with OA indicates changes in fibrocartilage matrix of menisci progress similarly in the medial and lateral compartments of the knee. Clin. Anat. 30:805–810, 2017. © 2017Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

膝骨关节炎患者的临床表现及相关影响因素

背景：目前膝骨关节炎的确切病因及发病机制尚不完全清楚。 目的：调查膝骨关节炎患者的临床表现,分析其相关影响因素。 方法：收集2007-07/2009-11青岛某医院住院治疗的315例膝骨关节炎患者的一般情况、现病史、既往史、体格检查、X 射线片检查、疾病诊断和实验室检查等资料,采用SPSS 13.0软件进行χ2检验,分析膝骨关节炎发病的影响因素。 结果与结论：①左膝骨关节疼痛占21.6%,右膝疼痛占29.5%,总体上右膝关节疼痛检出率高于左膝(P  < 0.01)。单膝疼痛占51.1%,双膝疼痛占48.9%,单双膝差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。②女性临床膝骨关节炎检出率高于男性(P   < 0.01)。男女检出率均与年龄有关,且随年龄的增加发病率升高。③肥胖人群的膝骨关节炎检出率较非肥胖人群高(P  < 0.01),不同性别差异无显著性意义。④不同劳动强度人群膝骨关节炎检出率差异具有显著性意义(P  < 0.01),劳动强度越大检出率越高。⑤绝经女性膝骨关节炎检出率较未绝经女性检出率高(P  < 0.05),绝经情况分布年龄范围为45~60岁(60岁以上被调查者均已绝经)。提示性别、年龄、体质量指数、职业(工人、家务)、遗传因素等是中老年膝骨关节炎发病的危险因素,其中以年龄因素危险度最高。     

Association between in vivo knee kinematics during gait and the severity of knee osteoarthritis

BackgroundOsteoarthritis patients may exhibit different kinematics according to the disease stage. However, changes in the frontal and horizontal planes in each stage remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in the knee kinematic gait variables of osteoarthritis patients, including the frontal and horizontal planes, with respect to the severity of the disease.MethodsForty-five patients with knee osteoarthritis and 13 healthy young subjects were recruited for the experiment. All subjects were examined while walking on a 10-m walkway at a self-selected speed. In each trial, we calculated the angular displacements of flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, and external/internal tibial rotation. We also measured muscle strength, range of motion (ROM), and alignment. We compared the differences in osteoarthritis severity and knee kinematic variables between osteoarthritis patients and normal subjects.ResultsThe flexion angle at the time of foot contact was significantly less in patients with severe and moderate osteoarthritis than in normal subjects (both p < 0.01). The abduction angle at the 50% stance phase was significantly less in patients with severe osteoarthritis than in normal subjects (p < 0.05). The excursion of axial tibial rotation was significantly less in patients with early osteoarthritis than in normal subjects (p < 0.05).ConclusionOsteoarthritis patients had different knee kinematics during gait, depending on the progress of osteoarthritis. Early-stage patients exhibit decreased axial tibial rotation excursion, while severe-stage patient exhibit increased knee adduction.     

In vivo weight-bearing kinematics with medial rotation knee arthroplasty

Knee arthroplasties are designed to accommodate flexion, axial rotation and anteroposterior (AP) translation. Axial rotation during extension varies, with some rotating platform devices allowing unrestricted rotation while some conforming fixed-bearing designs almost none. The purpose of this study was to examine in vivo kinematics of a fixed-bearing medial rotation-type arthroplasty (MRK) during weight-bearing activities. Fifteen knees with a medial pivot TKA design were studied during step and pivot activities using lateral fluoroscopy and model-image registration. Average knee kinematics during the step activity showed little AP translation or rotation from 0°–100° flexion. During the pivot activity, the mean tibial internal rotation in individual knees was 7° (3°–19°). Mean condylar translations for individual knees were 3 mm medially and 5 mm laterally. The medial pivot prosthesis design provides anteroposterior stability during demanding activities, and exhibits a medial pivot motion pattern when subjected to twisting.     

Conventional knee films hamper accurate knee alignment determination in patients with varus osteoarthritis of the knee

Surgical therapeutic procedures such as knee osteotomy and knee replacement depend on proper knee alignment assessment. The aim of this study was to evaluate if femorotibial (FT) measurement on short knee films may be used in clinical settings. The study population comprised 68 patients with symptomatic medial compartmental knee osteoarthritis. We measured the FT angle with the use of mid-diaphyseal lines (FTa), and the knee joint centre (FTb) to determine anatomical knee alignment on a short knee image. Then, the accuracy of alignment was compared to the gold standard Hip–Knee–Ankle (HKA) angle on a full-limb view. FTa angle assessment correlated well (r = 0.65) with the HKA angle. However, this method showed poor inter-observer agreement (ICC = 0.37). 3% of patients were incorrectly classified as having valgus alignment. Good intra- and inter-observer agreements were observed for FTb angle measurement (ICC = 0.89 and 0.79; respectively). But correlation between HKA and FTb angles was low (r = 0.34). 15% of patients were incorrectly classified as having valgus alignment. Short knee images cannot substitute whole leg views when accurate assessment of knee alignment is essential.     

膝骨性关节炎患者动态平衡能力变化

背景：膝骨性关节炎患者屈膝肌力及伸膝肌力均有不同程度的下降,进而影响患者的平衡控制能力。 目的：探讨膝骨性关节炎患者动态平衡功能的变化特征。 方法：纳入22例膝骨性关节炎患者(膝骨性关节炎组)和20例健康正常人(正常组),应用动态平衡仪进行动态平衡能力测试,包括总体稳定指数、前后方向稳定指数和左右方向稳定指数;稳定性测试：包括完成稳定性测试全部随机目标跟踪的时间,平均方向控制能力和前、后、右、左、前右、前左、后右、后左8个方向上的控制能力。 结果与结论：膝骨性关节炎组在睁眼双足站立、闭眼双足站立状态下总体稳定指数、前后方向稳定指数、左右方向稳定指数均高于正常组(P < 0.01),平均方向控制能力、前方控制能力、后方控制能力、左方控制能力、后右方控制能力测试值低于正常组,而完成该测试所需时间明显增加(P < 0.01)。说明膝骨性关节炎患者动态平衡能力下降。     

全膝关节置换术与单髁置换术治疗膝关节单间室骨关节炎的疗效比较

目的 比较全膝关节置换术(TKA)与膝关节单髁置换术(UKA)治疗膝关节单间室骨关节炎的临床疗效。方法 对2012年3月—2015年3月徐州医科大学附属医院骨科88例行TKA或UKA治疗单间室骨关节炎并获得随访患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,依据不同手术方法分为TKA组48例(48膝)和UKA组40例(40膝)。采用美国特种外科医院(HSS)膝关节评分,评价疗效。比较两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量,术后第1天、3天、1周血红蛋白水平和术后第3天血红蛋白较术前的下降量,以及末次随访时关节活动度和疗效。结果 两组患者手术顺利,88例患者获随访6~36个月,平均20.25个月。TKA组手术时间(85.77±7.61)min多于UKA组的(80.50±6.82)min,术中出血量(103.54±17.68)mL多于UKA组的(74.75±11.82)mL,术后引流量(420.21±68.80)mL多于UKA组的(241.75±53.05)mL,差异均有统计学意义(t=3.389、t'=8.787、t'=13.411,P值均＜0.01)。两组术前血红蛋白水平差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);TKA组术后第1天、3天、1周血红蛋白均低于UKA组,术后第3天血红蛋白较术前的下降量高于UKA组,差异均有统计学意义(P值均＜0.05)。UKA组术后膝关节屈曲至90°所需时间为(7.33±3.02)d,短于TKA组的(12.63±3.10)d(t=8.086,P＜0.01);末次随访UKA组患者膝关节屈曲角度为116.98°±13.71°,大于TKA组的125.13°±15.95°(t=2.576,P＜0.01)。TKA组和UKA组HSS评分优、良、可、差者分别为25、19、3、1例和23、15、2、0例,其优良率分别为91.67%(44/48)和95.00%(38/40),差异无统计学意义(Z=0.603,P＞0.05)。两组患者中仅TKA组发生深静脉血栓1例,经介入治疗后痊愈;其余患者无手术并发症发生。结论 UKA与TKA治疗膝关节单间室骨关节炎均能获得满意的临床疗效,但UKA具有出血少、手术时间短、功能恢复快等优点。     

膝骨性关节炎患者滑膜炎的发病机制及研究进展

背景：在膝骨性关节炎的发病机制研究中,逐渐认识到膝关节滑膜的炎性改变在膝骨性关节炎的发病过程中起到了重要的作用。 目的：对近15年有关膝骨关节炎中滑膜炎发病机制的研究进行归纳,并对国内外在分子生物学领域进行的实验成果进行总结。 方法：检索万方数据库、维普信息资源系统、CNKI数据库及PubMed数据库。以“骨关节炎”、“滑膜炎”、“发病机制”为关键词检索2000至2015年的文献,收集膝骨关节炎中滑膜炎发病机制研究的文献。共检索文献3 446篇,经过筛选,最终纳入36篇文献。 结果与结论：膝关节滑膜炎可能是骨关节炎的超早期表现,滑膜炎的发展可能影响骨关节炎的进展。在骨关节炎的形成过程中,滑膜的自身炎性反应及释放的炎性介质和细胞因子、蛋白对疾病的发生起到重要作用,但直到今天,在分子水平还不能对滑膜炎症的发病途径进行公认的描述。  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程     

单侧膝内翻型膝骨关节炎患者足底压力 分布特征研究

目的对比分析单侧膝内翻型膝骨关节炎(knee osteoarthritis,KOA)患者和健康人在步态周期中的足底压力分布特征的差异,为KOA患者的康复治疗评估提供量化参考。方法利用Footscan足底压力测试系统对40名单侧膝内翻型KOA患者(Kellgren-Lawrence评分符合Ⅰ～Ⅲ级KOA,左右膝各20人)及20名健康人自然行走时的步态进行测试,采集受试者足底各区域的压力峰值、受力时间百分比、冲量,及单足支撑期参数和足轴角等参数,并进行对比分析。结果对于足中部区域所受冲量,左KOA患者(左足98. 57 N·s±38. 58 N·s)和右KOA患者(右足65. 11 N·s±32. 52 N·s)均比健康人(左足45. 53 N·s±12. 69 N·s,右足39. 58 N·s±15. 74 N·s)大60%以上(P<0. 05);患者第1趾区域压力峰值比健康人减小40%以上(P<0. 001);患者足跟内外侧压力峰值比健康人减小27%以上(P<0. 001)。与健康人相比,患者足轴角、足底各区域受力时间百分比、整足支撑阶段时间百分比均增大(P<0. 05),足跟着地阶段时间百分比和前足离地阶段时间百分比减小(P<0. 05)。结论单侧膝内翻型膝骨关节炎患者与健康人相比足底压力分布特征有显著差异,足轴角明显增大,整足支撑期阶段时间延长,第1趾和足跟内外侧压力峰值及足中部所受冲量差异尤为显著,这些指标可为KOA患者的康复疗效评估提供量化参考。     

膝内侧骨关节炎患者膝关节功能与不稳定性的关系

背景：膝内侧骨关节炎患者身体缺陷与骨性关节炎发展的关系尚不清楚。 目的：调查膝内侧骨关节炎患者的身体功能和膝关节不稳定性,探讨二者间的关系。 方法：纳入诊断性膝内侧骨关节炎患者104例,采用膝关节日常生活活动评估量表衡量膝关节不稳,功能的自我评估采用膝伤和骨性关节炎结果评分,应用计时爬梯试验评估基于体能的身体功能,并进行放射影像学评估。 结果与结论：不同程度膝关节不稳患者的内侧松弛度、外侧松弛度、对线角度、标准化最大随意等长收缩及爬梯时间比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。但不同程度膝关节不稳患者在疼痛、症状、日常生活活动、运动和膝关节相关生活质量子集得分方面差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05)。在膝内侧骨关节炎患者中,自报膝关节不稳与内侧松弛度、股四头肌无力、内翻对线无直接联系。     

Inter-laboratory comparison of knee biomechanics and muscle activation patterns during gait in patients with knee osteoarthritis

BackgroundGait analysis has been used for decades to quantify knee function in patients with knee osteoarthritis; however, it is unknown whether and to what extent inter-laboratory differences affect the comparison of gait data between studies. Therefore, the aim of this study was to perform an inter-laboratory comparison of knee biomechanics and muscle activation patterns during gait of patients with knee osteoarthritis.MethodsKnee biomechanics and muscle activation patterns from patients with knee osteoarthritis were analyzed, previously collected at Dalhousie University (DAL: n = 55) and Amsterdam UMC, VU medical center (VUmc: n = 39), using their in-house protocols. Additionally, one healthy male was measured at both locations. Both direct comparisons and after harmonization of components of the protocols were made. Inter-laboratory comparisons were quantified using statistical parametric mapping analysis and discrete gait parameters.ResultsThe inter-laboratory comparison showed offsets in the sagittal plane angles, moments and frontal plane angles, and phase shifts in the muscle activation patterns. Filter characteristics, initial contact identification and thigh anatomical frame definitions were harmonized between the laboratories. After this first step in protocol harmonization, the offsets in knee angles and sagittal plane moments remained, but the inter-laboratory comparison of the muscle activation patterns improved.ConclusionsInter-laboratory differences obstruct valid comparisons of gait datasets from patients with knee osteoarthritis between gait laboratories. A first step in harmonization of gait analysis protocols improved the inter-laboratory comparison. Further protocol harmonization is recommended to enable valid comparisons between labs, data-sharing and multicenter trials to investigate knee function in patients with knee osteoarthritis.     

Energy expenditure during cane-assisted gait in patients with knee osteoarthritis

OBJECTIVE: To compare the energy expenditure in patients with unilateral knee osteoarthritis while walking with canes of different lengths. METHODS: A quasi-experimental study (single-group) was carried out on thirty patients with unilateral knee osteoarthritis. An adjustable aluminum cane was used, and three different cane lengths were determined for each subject: C1--length from the floor to the greater trochanter; C2--length from the floor to the distal wrist crease; and C3--length obtained by the formula: height x 0.45 + 0.87 m. Resting and walking heart rates were measured with a Polar hear rate meter. Walking speed was calculated by the time required for the patient to walk 10 m. Gait energy cost was estimated using the physiological cost index, and results were compared. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 25 women and five men (average age of 68 years). Statistically significant differences in physiological cost index measurements were observed between unassisted walking and assisted walking with a cane of any length (p<0.001), as well as between walking with a C2-length cane and unassisted walking, and walking with a C1-length cane and walking with a C3-length cane (p=0.001; p = 0.037; p=0.001; respectively). CONCLUSION: These data demonstrate that small alterations in the length of canes used for weight-bearing ambulation in patients with unilateral knee osteoarthritis increase the energy expenditure measured by the physiological cost index during walking. Further studies are needed for a more precise quantification of the increase in energy expenditure during cane-assisted gait and an assessment of the effectiveness of cane use in relieving pain and improving function in patients with knee osteoarthritis.