肤痒宁止痒和抗过敏作用的实验研究

目的研究肤痒宁软膏止痒和抗过敏的作用。方法观察肤痒宁对磷酸组胺所致豚鼠皮肤瘙痒的影响,对组胺所致小鼠毛细血管通透性以及2,4-二硝基氯苯(DNCB)致小鼠迟发性过敏反应(DTH)的影响,探讨其抗过敏作用。结果肤痒宁软膏中剂量、高剂量组能明显提高组织胺所致豚鼠致痒阈,并能抑制磷酸组胺致小鼠皮肤毛细血管通透性增加和2,4-二硝基氯苯所致小鼠迟发性变态反应。结论肤痒宁软膏具有止痒作用,对致炎性物质所致毛细血管通透性增加和Ⅳ型变态反应有抑制作用。     

蛇床子止痒有效成分-R2的药效学实验研究

目的研究中药蛇床子有效成分R2的止痒、抗炎、抗变态反应等药效学作用.方法观察不同浓度的R2软膏(自制)局部外用后,对磷酸组织胺致痒反应的影响;对4-氨基吡啶所致小鼠皮肤瘙痒反应的影响;对二甲苯所致小鼠耳廓肿胀的影响以及对小鼠同种被动皮肤过敏反应和2,4-二硝基氯苯所诱发的小鼠迟发超敏反应的影响.并测定小鼠注射4-氨基吡啶后局部皮肤与血中组胺的含量,探讨其止痒作用机理.结果R2可显著提高磷酸组织胺对豚鼠的致痒阈;显著抑制由4-氨基吡啶所引起的小鼠皮肤瘙痒反应,抑制皮肤组织中的肥大细胞释放组胺;显著对抗二甲苯所致的小鼠耳廓肿胀;显著抑制小鼠同种被动皮肤过敏反应;显著抑制由2,4-二硝基氯苯所诱发的小鼠迟发超敏反应.结论R2有止痒、抗炎、抑制Ⅰ、Ⅳ型变态反应的作用.     

消疹止痒胶囊药效学研究

目的：证实消疹止痒胶囊治疗过敏性皮炎、皮肤瘙痒症的疗效。方法：对消疹止痒胶囊进行药效学研究。结果：消疹止痒胶囊能提高豚鼠对组织胺的致痒阈值,可以抑制2,4-二硝基氯苯（DNCB）引发的小鼠皮肤迟发型过敏反应,能抑制二甲苯引发的小鼠耳廓急性炎症,能抑制血管通透性。结论：消疹止痒胶囊具有止痒、抗皮肤过敏反应、抗炎以及降低炎症反应作用。     

养血止痒胶囊对小鼠血虚及瘙痒模型的影响

对具有养血润肤、补益肝肾、祛风止痒功效的养血止痒胶囊进行主要药效学研究。结果显示，（1）养血止痒胶囊能显著升高血虚证小鼠RBC、HB、WBC；（2）养血止痒胶囊能明显减少右旋糖酐诱发小鼠因皮肤瘙痒而搔抓的次数和缩短小鼠皮肤瘙痒持续时间；（3）养血止痒胶囊能明显减少右旋糖酐诱发染的风团面积。及抑制磷酸组织胺所致小鼠皮肤毛细血管通透性亢进，此结论为养血止痒胶囊治疗血虚风燥型瘙痒性皮肤病提供了部分实验依据。     

苦参碱对鼠实验性皮炎的抗炎止痒作用

目的探讨口服苦参碱及外用苦参碱霜对鼠实验性皮炎的抗炎止痒作用。方法采用二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀，醋酸致小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增高，角叉菜胶致大鼠足肿胀，棉球引起小鼠肉芽组织增生，2，4-二硝基氯苯致小鼠变应性接触性皮炎，4-氨基吡啶（4-AP）诱发小鼠舔体反应等动物模型。结果口服苦参碱对二甲苯所致的小鼠耳肿胀及角叉菜胶所致的大鼠足肿胀均有明显的抑制作用，也能对抗由醋酸引起的小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增高，但对由棉球引起的小鼠肉芽组织增生无明显作用；苦参碱霜剂能显著抑制二甲苯所致的小鼠耳肿胀，明显减少4-AP诱发的小鼠舔体反应次数，明显抑制2，4-二硝基氯苯所致的小鼠变应性接触性皮炎。结论苦参碱具有止痒及抗急性炎症的作用。     

鱼腥草注射液的抗过敏止痒作用

鱼腥草注射液是由鱼腥草茎上鲜草经水蒸气蒸馏法制备的中药注射剂,主要成分为鱼腥素,在临床上具有抗菌、消炎、解热的作用,疗效确切,无不良反应。为了探讨鱼腥草注射液的抗过敏止痒作用,本实验建立动物模型,研究其对低分子右旋糖酐引起的小鼠瘙痒及对由组胺诱发的小鼠血管通透性增加的抑制作用及对豚鼠离体回肠收缩的影响。1材料1.1药品与试剂:鱼腥草注射液(贵州六枝大华制药厂生产,批号20010417103,每支10 mL)。盐酸苯海拉明注射液(天津市氨基酸公司生产,批号991019,每支2 mL)。磷酸组胺(中国科学院上海生物化学试剂研究所产品,批号950814…     

紫花地丁复方止痒凝胶的止痒与消肿抗炎作用实验研究

目的：通过动物模型探讨自制中药紫花地丁复方止痒凝胶剂止痒、消肿抗炎作用及对皮肤的刺激性。方法：采用磷酸组胺致痒豚鼠模型,二甲苯致小鼠耳郭肿胀、角又菜胶致大鼠足肿胀模型,观察紫花地丁复方止痒凝胶对动物皮肤瘙痒及抗炎消肿作用,并设曼秀雷敦薄荷膏为阳性药物对照组;采用家兔同体前中后三部分自身对比法,评价紫花地丁复方止痒凝胶对皮肤的急、慢性刺激反应。结果：紫花地丁复方止痒凝胶组对磷酸组胺致豚鼠局部皮肤瘙痒有较好的止痒作用,对二甲苯致小鼠耳郭肿胀及角叉菜胶致大鼠足肿胀均有较好的消肿作用,且与曼秀雷敦薄荷膏作用相当;急性皮肤刺激显示复方止痒凝胶对家兔破损皮肤有轻度刺激作用,而慢性皮肤刺激提示无刺激性。结论：中药紫花地丁复方止痒凝胶剂具有良好的止痒、抗炎消肿作用,且安全性好。     

肤痒清软膏的止痒抗过敏作用研究

[目的]探讨肤瘁清软膏的止瘁及抗过敏作用。[方法]采用豚鼠皮肤磷酸组胺致瘁模型及4-氨基吡啶（4-AP）所致小鼠皮肤瘙痒模型,研究肤痒清软膏的止痒作用;采用小鼠同种被动皮肤过敏反应以及2,4-二硝基氯苯（DNCB）所诱发的小鼠迟发超敏反应模型,研究肤痒清软膏的抗过敏作用。[结果]与空白对照组相比,曼秀雷敦薄荷膏及肤痒清软膏高、中剂量均能明显提高豚鼠的致痒阂、减少小鼠的舔体次数,并能明显降低小鼠皮肤的过敏反应程度及耳廓肿胀度（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。[结论]肤痒清软膏具有止痒、抗过敏的作用。     

复方珍芩颗粒抗炎、止痒、镇静作用的实验研究

目的：观察中药复方珍芩颗粒的抗炎、止痒、镇静作用。方法：各实验项目均设赋形剂对照组、阳性药物对照组及珍芩颗粒低、中、高剂量组。①抗炎作用：评价对二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀的影响及观察大鼠背部皮内注射组胺及尾静脉注射依文思蓝溶液后背部蓝斑面积及光密度（OD）值。②止痒作用：观察各组小鼠瘙痒次数和潜伏时间,评价对静脉注射右旋糖酐致小鼠皮肤瘙痒反应的影响。③镇静作用：观察各组小鼠的睡眠百分率,评价对小鼠睡眠阈下戊巴比妥钠协同作用的影响。结果：①与赋形剂对照组比较,珍芩颗粒低、中、高剂量组小鼠耳肿胀度明显降低,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;与阳性对照组比较,珍芩颗粒低剂量组有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,珍芩颗粒高、中剂量差异无统计学意义。与赋形剂对照组比较,珍芩颗粒各剂量组大鼠皮肤着色的蓝斑面积明显减小,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;与阳性对照组比较,珍芩颗粒中、高剂量上清液的光密度OD值有一定的降低,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）。②与赋形剂对照组比较,珍芩颗粒中、高剂量能明显减少小鼠注射右旋糖酐引起的全身瘙痒次数,其中高剂量同时可延长瘙痒潜伏时间,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）。③与赋形剂对照组比较,珍芩颗粒高剂量组小鼠睡眠只数明显增加,睡眠率为赋形剂对照组睡眠率的两倍多,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;与阳性对照组比较,珍芩颗粒高剂量小鼠睡眠只数、睡眠率差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：珍芩颗粒有较好的抗炎、止痒作用,同时还有一定的镇静作用。     

湿热颗粒抗炎、止痒的实验研究

目的研究湿热颗粒抗炎止痒的作用。方法通过湿热颗粒对二甲苯所致小鼠耳廓肿胀模型、角叉菜胶所致大鼠足跖肿胀模型的影响,观察湿热颗粒对炎症的影响;通过湿热颗粒对葡聚糖-40所致的小鼠瘙痒模型、磷酸组胺豚鼠致痒模型的影响,观察湿热颗粒对瘙痒的影响。结果与模型组比较,湿热颗粒各剂量组能显著降低二甲苯所致的小鼠耳廓肿胀度,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);湿热颗粒中剂量组能显著降低角叉菜胶致炎后30 min,1、2、3、4、6 h大鼠足趾肿胀率,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);湿热颗粒中剂量、高剂量组能显著延长葡聚糖-40所致小鼠瘙痒的潜伏期及减少其瘙痒次数,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);湿热颗粒中剂量、高剂量组能显著增加磷酸组胺所致豚鼠瘙痒的致痒阈,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论湿热颗粒具有抗炎、止痒的作用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.