血流储备分数对并发糖耐量减低的冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病临界病变介入术后心脏不良事件的评价

目的探讨压力导丝测定的血流储备分数(FFR)对并发糖耐量减低(IGT)的冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(CAHD)患者临界冠状动脉病变介入治疗术后发生主要心脏不良事件的预测价值。方法 58例临床诊断为CAHD并发的CAHD临界病变患者分为FFR指导治疗组(FFR组,n=28)和根据术者经验指导治疗组(对照组,n=30)。观察2组患者支架植入例数及支架植入数量,同时观察2组患者在住院期间和随访期间发生典型心绞痛、非致死性心肌梗死、心源性病死和靶血管重建等主要心脏不良事件的发生率。结果 FFR组共有12例14处病变行冠状动脉介入术治疗,置入支架16枚,治疗率43.8%;对照组共有39处临界狭窄病变,有17例21处病变行冠状动脉介入术治疗,置入支架32枚,治疗率53.8%。FFR组患者治疗率、植入支架数量低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。FFR组患者术后典型心绞痛、非致死性心肌梗死和靶血管重建等主要心脏不良事件的发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 FFR可安全地指导并发IGT的临界冠状动脉病变的介入治疗,由FFR指导植入的支架数量显著减少,心脏不良事件发生率显著降低     

经皮冠状动脉内支架置入术对冠脉多支病变的安全性研究

目的本文探讨经皮冠状动脉内支架置入术(PCI)治疗冠脉多支病变的疗效。方法对38例冠脉多支病变78支血管行球囊预扩张术,置入支架88枚,其中 LAD35枚,LCX22枚,RCA31枚。结果术后 CA 证实狭窄消失或残余狭窄<20%,TIMI 血流Ⅲ级。支架置入的成功率94.8%。1例出现穿刺部位出血,无其他并发症,随诊1～18个月,6例术后3～16月再发心绞痛。结论 PCI 治疗冠状动脉多支病变是一种安全有效的介入治疗技术,成功率高,临床疗效好,并发症少。     

冠状动脉分叉临界病变边支行血流储备分数测定的临床意义

目的:分析血流储备分数(fractional flow reserve,FFR)指导的冠状动脉分叉临界病变边支介入治疗的临床效果。方法:回顾性分析冠状动脉主支支架植入后行边支治疗的冠状动脉分叉临界病变患者80例,分为FFR指导边支介入组(FFR组)和常规介入组,每组40例。其中FFR组对FFR测值<0.75的边支血管行介入治疗,包括双球囊对吻及必要时的支架植入。比较两组患者的临床资料、冠状动脉介入治疗结果以及术后随访的心血管不良事件(MACE)。结果:两组在边支支架的植入、双球囊对吻、术后边支残余狭窄>50%中差异有统计学意义(P分别为0.026,0.021,0.043)。两组随访6个月,18个月时MACE发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);在3年MACE中FFR组的发生率比常规介入组低(P<0.05)。结论:FFR指导分叉病变边支治疗会更少地使用球囊与支架,3年的随访中FFR指导组MACE发生率比常规冠状动脉造影组要低。     

血管内超声和血流储备分数测定在冠状动脉临界病变治疗中的作用

目的 比较血管内超声检查(IVUS)和血流储备分数测定(FFR)在指导冠状动脉临界病变治疗中的临床效果.方法 将94例行冠状动脉造影提示冠状动脉临界病变的患者分为IVUS组和FFR组,分别接受IVUS或FFR检查,并以此为依据指导冠状动脉介入治疗.在IVUS组中,如MLA＜4 mm2或冠状动脉狭窄虽不足,但IVUS显示为不稳定斑块,则行冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI);在FFR组中,以FFR＜0.75作为行冠状动脉支架置入术的指征.术后随访6个月,比较两组患者心血管不良事件的发生情况.结果 (1)两组患者病史等一般信息及冠状动脉造影情况差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).(2) IVUS组行介入治疗的比例高于FFR组(P＜0.01).(3)两组间不良事件的发生情况差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 IVUS和FFR检查均可用于指导冠状动脉临界病变的介入治疗,受准确性的限制IVUS不能取代FFR检查的地位.     

经皮冠状动脉介入术治疗急性冠脉综合征190例

目的:探讨经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)对急性冠脉综合征治疗的效果和安全性。方法:2002年9月至2005年10月完成的190例冠脉介入患者进行回顾分析,其中急性心肌梗死85例,不稳定型心绞痛105例,均采用Jndking’s造影导管行冠状动脉造影术。结果:共扩张278支病变血管,其中直接支架置入治疗73处。190例病例中PCI成功率96.4%(183/190例),共置入275枚支架。支架置入后即刻造影,所有病变血管均达到TIMI血流3级。1例合并糖尿病患者术后3个月出现肾功能衰竭而死亡,1例合并高血压患者术后7个月出现脑血意外而死亡,病死率1%;4例心绞痛复发,复发率2%。结论:PCI对于急性冠脉综合征的患者是一种安全性较高的治疗方法。     

多支血管病变完全血运重建对老年冠心病患者生活质量影响的2年随访

目的探讨多支冠状动脉病变(多支病变)经皮血运重建对老年冠心病患者术后长期生活质量的影响．方法选择我院2003年6月至2004年12月完成PCI治疗且资料完整的连续病例。入选标准:年龄≥60岁;冠脉造影显示至少2支冠脉直径狭窄≥70％。共入选84例冠心病患者,根据其冠脉及其重要分支是否完全再血管化分为完全血运重建组53例,不完全血运重建组31例。按标准方法行冠状动脉造影、支架置入术和(或)冠脉球囊成形术(PTCA)。所有患者均于术前及术后2年[平均(24．2±0．5)个月]采用中文版简明36项生活质量调查表(SF-36)直接问卷调查。结果完全血运重建组在87处靶血管上113处靶病变行单纯PTCA 4处,置入120枚支架;不完全血运重建组在51处靶血管上59处靶病变行单纯PTCA 7处,罩入55枚支架。完全血运重建组的人均置入支架数明显高于不完全血运重建组(P<0．01)。完全血运重建组和不完全血运重建组患者冠脉介入治疗前8个维度积分差异均无显著性(P>0．05)。PCI术后2年行组内比较,除精神健康(P>0．05)外的各维度积分在两组术前后差异均有统计学意义(P<0．01)。组间比较,完全血运重建组上述8个维度除精神健康外与不完全血运重建组相比差异有显著性意义(P<0．01或P<0．05)。结论冠心病患者血运重建治疗后可增加缺血心肌的血供,从而提高心功能及减少心绞痛发作,改善生活质量。用SF-36考察冠心病患者的生活质量有良好的效度及信度。     

常规评估血流储备分数对冠状动脉介入术决策制定的影响

对于复杂的冠状动脉疾病，有时难以确定哪处病变与可逆性缺血有关而需置入支架。血流储备分数（FFR）是一种显示哪处病变引起缺血的行之有效的客观方法。尽管如此，对置入支架病变的选择常依据主观评价的动脉造影结果。本研究拟在行择期冠状动脉介入术（PCI）的患者中，评估基于FFR测定而非造影结果进行决策对干预策略的影响。250例拟接受PCI的连续患者（471处病变）入选本研究。所有由3位独立检查者目测狭窄≥50％并最初拟予支架置入的患者均接受FFR测定。如果FFR〈0．75，行支架置入，如果FFR≥0．75，则不予介入治疗。     

经桡动脉行冠状动脉介入治疗1565例回顾性分析

目的 探讨经桡动脉途径行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)的安全性、可行性及效果.方法 回顾性分析1 565例经桡动脉途径行PCI患者的临床资料,其中稳定性心绞痛716例,不稳定性心绞痛502例,心肌梗死347例.结果 对1565例患者的2109处病变进行了介入治疗,其中多支病变1 318处,C型病变466处,慢性闭塞病变87处,分叉病变276处,左主干病变13处.介入治疗中12例行冠脉旋磨术,38例行切割球囊扩张术.65例为急诊冠脉再灌注治疗,348例应用冠脉内超声仪指导介入治疗.95.1%行支架置入,介入治疗成功率为98.3%(1 539/1 565).不成功的病例中23例为慢性闭塞病变,5例为严重扭曲或钙化病变.术中左主干撕裂1例,心包填塞3例,围手术期死亡3例.术后上臂血肿13例,桡动脉搏动消失41例,无上肢缺血.结论 经桡动脉途径行PCI成功率高,局部并发症较少,适合大多数冠脉病变的介入治疗.     

冠脉血流储备分数的可能影响因素及对冠脉支架置入的指导作用

目的:探讨冠心病患者冠脉血流储备分数(fractional flow reserve,FFR)测值的影响因素及FFR指导支架置入的效果?方法:选择张家港市第一人民医院2012年2月—2015年1月住院的存在反复胸闷胸痛症状?发生急性心梗及既往曾行PCI术并复查冠脉造影的冠心病患者60例,记录年龄?性别?吸烟史,以及血低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol,LDL-C)?总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)?甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)及血糖(blood glucose,BG)等一般资料;全部患者进行冠脉动脉造影,记录狭窄程度及长度,并行FFR测定?根据FFR测定值分为两组:FFR≥0.8组与FFR<0.8组,比较两组患者的一般资料,并分析上述因素与FFR之间的相关性?对FFR<0.8的患者行支架置入术,并测定支架置入术后FFR值,比较支架置入术前后FFR值?随访1年,记录两组患者的心因性再入院?再发心绞痛?再血管化治疗?心律失常?心力衰竭?急性心肌梗死发生情况?结果:①60例患者均完成冠状动脉造影和FFR测定,FFR≥0.8组与FFR<0.8组的一般资料比较差异无统计学意义;两组患者的冠脉狭窄程度和狭窄长度存在显著差异(P均<0.001),并且FFR与冠脉狭窄程度和长度呈显著负相关(P均< 0.001);②FFR<0.8组,支架置入前后FFR值差异有统计学意义(P < 0.001),置入支架后的FFR值与FFR≥0.8组的FFR值相比无显著差异(P=0.085);③根据不同的狭窄程度分别统计左前降支?右冠状动脉?左回旋支的病变数及FFR值并进行比较,结果显示狭窄程度相同的不同血管所测得的FFR值无统计学差异(P均>0.05);④随访结果显示,FFR≥0.8组和FFR<0.8并置入支架组之间再发心绞痛?原有病变再血管化治疗?心律失常和心力衰竭的发生率比较均无显著差异(P均>0.05),两组均无急性心肌梗死的发生?结论:FFR测值与冠状动脉狭窄的程度和长度呈显著负相关;狭窄程度越重,狭窄病变越长,对冠状动脉血流的功能学影响越明显?FFR测定能够有效指导支架的置入?     

国产药物洗脱支架在急性冠脉综合征中的应用

目的：探讨国产药物洗脱支架（Firebird支架）在急性冠脉综合征急诊介入治疗中应用的安全性和有效性.方法：2004年10月～2005年7月间治疗急性冠脉综合征患者86例,所有患者均于发病12h内行急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）.治疗时随机置入Firebird支架或Cypher支架.Firebird支架组46例,Cypher支架组40例.结果：86例患者急诊PCI治疗均获得成功.Firebird组46支罪犯血管置入53枚Firebird支架,Cypher组40支罪犯血管置入49枚Cypher支架.其中1例置入Cypher支架者术后出现脑出血而死亡.Firebird支架组和Cypher支架组比较,PCI术后TIMI3级率和并发症发生率无显著性差异.对85例患者进行了3～6个月的随访,两组患者均未发生任何心血管事件,术后6个月Firebird支架组有20例（43%）行冠状动脉造影检查,无一例发生支架内再狭窄;Gypher支架组有19例（49%）行冠状动脉造影检查,1例发生支架内再狭窄,两组再狭窄率无显著性差异.结论：Firebird支架在急性冠脉综合征急诊介入治疗中应用有较好的安全性和有效性.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.