DDLS视乳头损伤分期法与青光眼视野损害的相关性研究

目的:研究 DDLS(disk damage likelihood scale)视乳头损伤分期法与开角型青光眼视野损害的相关性,探讨开角型青光眼的早期诊断方法.方法:利用Discam早期青光眼诊断仪彩色视乳头立体成像系统在Screen Vu立体观察镜下确定31例(58眼)开角型青光眼及29例(58眼)可疑青光眼患者视乳头的DDLS分期.所选患者均为中等大小视乳头(2.0～3.0mm).利用 Humphrey 自动电脑视野分析仪30-2程序对上述患者进行视野检测,研究DDLS分期与视野指数平均缺损(MD,mean defect)、视野模式标准差(PSD,pattern standard deviation)及视野损害分期(HPASS,Hodapp-Parrish-Anderson staging system)的相关性.结果:对116眼中等大小视乳头(2.0～3.0mm)开角型青光眼及可疑青光眼患者研究发现,青光眼组DDLS分期与MD(Pearson,r=-0.664,P＜0.000)、PSD(Pearson.r=0.554.P＜0.000)及HPASS(Spearman,r=0.603,P＜0.000)有相关性,相关系数具有统计学意义.可疑青光眼组DDLS分期与MD、PSD及HPASS分期无明显相关性.结论:DDLS视乳头损伤分期法与开角型青光眼视野损害的程度相关,DDLS视乳头损伤分期法有助于开角型青光眼的早期诊断.     

原发性开角型青光眼视乳头盘沿高度与视野的一致性研究

探讨原发性开角型青光眼（开青）相对视乳头盘沿高（ｎｅｕｒａｌ ｒｉｍ ｄｅｐｈｔｈ,ＮＲＤ）与视野检查结果的一致性。方法利用计算机图像分析技术测量开青患者颞下方的ＲＮＤ值,比较ＮＲＤ值较大部位与视野缺损较重部位的一致性。结果早、中期开青患者有视野缺损或视野缺损较重部位所对应区域的ＮＲＤ值较无视野缺损或视野缺损较轻部位所对应区域的ＮＲＤ值明显增大,且５４只眼中有４６只眼的ＮＲＤ值较大部位与视野缺损较     

早期开角型青光眼视乳头立体结构计算机图像分析

早期开角型青光眼视乳头立体结构计算机图像分析潘英姿李美玉早期开角型青光眼视乳头立体结构计算机图像分析@潘英姿@李美玉...     

近视性青光眼患者视野损害及其进程

目的回顾性分析一组原发性开角型青光眼（primary open angle glaucoma，POAG）患者的视野缺损情况，并探讨不同屈光不正中心30度视敏度缺损是否有不同进程。方法本组共110例POAG患者，男52例，女58例，根据屈光不正的程度不同分为4组。     

开角型青光眼图形视诱发电位与定量静态视野的联合检测研究

开角型青光眼图形视诱发电位与定量静态视野的联合检测研究中山医科大学中山眼科中心卫生部眼科实验室视觉生理室张起，王泽洪，吴德正，吴乐正，龙时先原发性开角型青光眼原因不明，发病隐匿，临床演变复杂、治疗困难，应尽早诊治，否则将引起不可逆的视功能损害。已知当...     

用Heidelberg视网膜断层扫描仪对正常人、大杯和青光眼视乳头形态结构的研究

目的：探讨正常人、大杯和原发性开角型青光眼（ｐｒｉｎａｒｙ ｏｐｅｎ ａｎｇｌｅ ｇｌａｕｃｏｍａ,ＰＯＡＧ）患者之间视乳头结构参数之间的差异。方法：用Ｈｅｉｄｅｌｂｅｒｇ视网膜断层扫描仪（Ｈｅｉｄｅｌｂｅｒｇ Ｒｅｔｉｎａ Ｔｏｍｏｇｒａｐｈ,ＨＲＴ）对正常人（２２例４４眼）、大杯（１７例３４眼）和ＰＯＡＧ患者（１９例３７眼）进行视乳头断层扫描,获得视乳头平均地形图图像和视乳头结构诸参数。结果：     

原发性闭角型青光眼视野损害的特点

目的 探讨原发性闭角型青光眼(PACG)与原发性开角型青光眼(POAG)及慢性PACG与急性PACG的视野损害特点.方法 系列病例研究.应用Humphrey Ⅱ型(750)视野分析仪的中心30-2程序进行静态阈值视野检查,采用国际地域性和流行病学眼科学组(ISGEO)的分类系统,选取早期青光眼干预性研究(AGIS)评分在1～11分之间的早中期青光眼患者纳入本研究对象.其中慢性PACG组患者53例,急性PACG组患者42例,POAG组患者42例.根据患者视野检查结果,分析各类青光眼患者的视野损害特点.采用SAS 9.1统计学软件进行数据分析.其中组间视野平均缺损值、模式标准差值、鼻侧视野和全视野AGIS计分比较采用2×3析因设计定量资料的方差分析,上、下半侧视野AGIS计分比较采用具有一个重复测量的三因素设计定量资料的方差分析,各组间中央视野受累率、早期鼻侧视野受累率及视野受累最重象限之间的差异采用X2检验.以P<0.05作为差异有统计学意义.结果 (1)与POAG组比较,慢性PACG组(t=4.24,P=0.0000)和急性PACG组(t=3.28,P=0.0013)患者下半侧视野AGIS分值均较高;慢性PACG组(t=1.35,P=0.1808)和急性PACG组(t=0.55,P=0.5824)患者各组内上、下半侧视野计分比较,差异均无统计学意义;POAG组上半侧视野AGIS计分大于下半侧视野AGIS计分,差异有统计学意义(t=6.52,P=0.0000);慢性PACG组模式标准差值明显高于急性PACG组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).(2)组间青光眼患者中央10°视野的受累率差异有统计学意义(X2=10.385,P=0.006),POAG组患者中央视野最易受累,而慢性PACG组患者最不易受累.(3)各组青光眼患者早期鼻侧视野普遍受累(X2=2.518,P=0.641),受累最重象限比较,差异无统计学意义(X2=1.573,P=0.954).结论 PACG与POAG组患者比较,其上、下方半侧视野损害无明显差别;急性PACG组与慢性PACG组患者相比,急性PACG组患者上、下方半侧视野损害更弥散,中心视野受累更明显.(中华眼科杂志,2009,45:14-20)     

原发性开角型青光眼HRT视盘结构参数与视野缺损相关性研究

目的探讨出现视野缺损与未出现视野缺损的原发性开角型青光眼视盘结构参数的异同及视盘参数与视野平均缺损（MD）的相关性。方法应用海德堡视网膜断层扫描仪（HRT-Ⅱ）和Octopus101视野G2程序对29例（50只眼）原发性开角型青光眼患者进行检查,对出现视野缺损与未出现视野缺损的原发性开角型青光眼视盘结构参数进行比较,检测结果进行t检验;对出现视野缺损的原发性开角型青光眼组的视盘各参数与视野平均缺损进行简单相关分析。结果视野出现缺损组与未出现缺损组的原发性开角型青光眼患者的视盘参数除视盘面积和轮廓线高度变化值外,其余各视盘参数间差异均有显著性（P〈0．01）;对出现视野缺损的原发性开角型青光眼患者HRT视盘各参数与MD进行相关分析显示,盘沿面积与MD间相关性最强（r=0．65,P=0．001）。结论HRT视盘参数能够较准确反映与视野损害相一致的青光眼性视盘改变,盘沿面积在HRT众多参数中最能反映青光眼的视野平均缺损程度。     

视乳头旁萎缩区在青光眼诊断及视功能损害中的作用

视乳头旁脉络膜视网膜萎缩区的研究有助于发现和诊断早期青光眼及预测青光眼的发展。本就视乳头旁萎缩区的分区，检测方法，生物组织学改变，在青光眼诊断中的作用，与视野、视盘盘沿的关系，及其相关因素，不同青光眼中的表现进行综述。     

早期开角型青光眼GDxVCC参数与视野指数的相关性分析

目的 研究早期开角型青光眼(OAG)GDxVCC视网膜神经纤维层(RNFL)厚度参数与视野指数的相关性.方法 采用GDxVCC、标准自动视野计(SAP)对21例(42眼)正常人、50例(98眼)可疑开角型青光眼(SOAG)患者、64例(84眼)早期OAG患者进行检查.分析研究3组GDxVCC参数与视野指数平均缺损(MD)、模式标准偏差(PSD)间的相关关系.结果 早期OAG组GDxVCC参数除NFI与MD成负相关(r=-0.461)外,其余与之呈正相关(r=0.347～0.509,P＜0.05);除NFI与PSD成正相关(r=0.238)、TSD与PSD无相关性外,其余与之呈负相关(r=-0.314～-0.268,P＜0.05);正常组、SOAG组GDxVCC参数与视野指数无相关性(P＞0.05).结论 早期OAG患者GDxVCC参数与视野指数有良好的相关性,正常人与SOAG患者无相关性.     

原发性开角型青光眼 HRT 视盘参数与视野缺损计分的关系

目的探讨原发性开角型青光眼(primary open an-gle glaucoma,POAG)病例的海德堡视网膜断层扫描仪(Hei-delberg retinal tomoscanner,HRT-Ⅱ)视盘参数与视野缺损计分的关系。方法对29例(30眼)POAG患者采用HRT-Ⅱ进行视盘检测;采用Humphrey视野计进行视野检查,运用AGIS计分系统并稍加改动对视野缺损情况进行计分,HRT参数包括视盘面积、视杯面积、盘沿面积、视杯容积、杯盘面积比、线性杯/盘比、平均视杯深度、视盘最大深度、平均视网膜神经纤维层厚度、视杯形态测量,将HRT视盘参数与视野计分进行相关统计学处理。结果HRT视盘参数中盘沿面积、视杯容积、杯盘面积比、平均视网膜神经纤维层厚度、视杯形态测量与视野缺损计分有直线相关关系。对视盘参数与视野计分进行逐步回归筛选变量时盘沿面积被选入,建立回归方程Y=12.351-5.123X(Y表示视野缺损计分,X表示盘沿面积)。结论POAG的视盘参数中盘沿面积与视野缺损计分关系最密切,视野缺损计分能对视野损害程度进行准确量化。     

Correlation between visual field and color Doppler parameters in chronic open angle glaucoma

The authors evaluated, by means of colour Doppler imaging, the blood flow in ophthalmic artery and posterior ciliary arteries in subjects with chronic open angle glaucoma. On the basis of the visual field indices (MD, SF, CPSD) the patients' eyes were divided in two groups: group A with better indices and group B with great damage. At the posterior ciliary arteries they found these values: PSV 10.264 ± 2.363 cm/s (group A) vs. 7.882 ± 1.251 cm/s (group B) (p < 0.008); RI 0.615 ± 0.065 (group A) vs. 0.695 ± 0.064 (group B) (p < 0.009). These data highlight a correlation between the visual field damage and the reduced supply of optic nerve head.     

原发性闭角型青光眼视神经盘结构和视野的改变

原发性闭角型青光眼已成为不可逆性致盲的最常见病因之一。对原发性闭角型青光眼的研究,除了关注眼前节,特别是房角的情况外,也有必要对其视神经损害模式进行研究。本文通过文献回顾,总结了原发性闭角型青光眼特别是急性闭角型青光眼眼底形态和视功能的改变,希望能更好地了解早期原发性闭角型青光眼的疾病特征,为临床治疗和研究提供帮助。     

Relationship between parapapillary atrophy and visual field abnormality in primary open-angle glaucoma

PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship of parapapillary atrophy measured by confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy to visual field sensitivity measured with standard automated perimetry and short-wavelength automated perimetry in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. METHODS: Forty-seven eyes of 47 primary open-angle glaucoma patients with increased intraocular pressure (> or = 22 mm Hg) were enrolled. Optic nerve head topography and parapapillary atrophy (beta and alpha zones) were assessed by confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy. Mean deviation and corrected pattern SD were assessed with standard automated perimetry and short-wavelength automated perimetry. RESULTS: Beta and alpha zones were found in 23 (49%) and 47 (100%) eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma, respectively. The area of beta zone showed significant correlations with MD of standard automated perimetry, corrected pattern SD of standard automated perimetry, and corrected pattern SD of short-wavelength automated perimetry (Spearman r = -0.366, P = .012; r = 0.327, P = .025; and r = 0.436, P = .002, respectively). The area of alpha zone showed a significant correlation with mean deviation of standard automated perimetry (r = -0.378, P = .009). Mean MD of standard automated perimetry, mean corrected pattern SD of standard automated perimetry, and mean corrected pattern SD of short-wavelength automated perimetry were significantly worse in eyes with beta zone than in eyes without beta zone. CONCLUSIONS: Parapapillary atrophy measured by confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy, especially beta zone, is associated with glaucomatous visual field loss demonstrated by standard automated perimetry and short-wavelength automated perimetry.     

Central function and visual field damage in glaucoma

82 eyes of 82 patients with different types of glaucoma were examined with various psychophysical tests assessing central and paracentral function, including foveal temporal contrast sensitivity function, FM 100-Hue test, and foveal and parafoveal blue-on-yellow-sensitivity. For all eyes visual field tests were performed with the Humphrey-Field-Analyzer, program 30-2. Global visual field indices were calculated as follows: Mean Sensitivity MS, Mean Deviation MD, and Corrected Pattern Standard Deviation CPSD. Linear regression analysis and multiple regression analysis correcting for a possible influence of age between the central and paracentral criteria and the global indices was performed. For the entire study population highly significant correlations are present between foveal and parafoveal blue-on-yellow-sensitivity and MS, MD and CPSD. Whereas in the Normal Tension Glaucoma subgroup (19/82 eyes) no significant correlations are found, the subgroup of 35/82 eyes with markedly elevated intraocular pressure (30mmHg) shows highly statistically significant correlations between the low- and high-frequency end of the foveal temporal contrast sensitivity function and foveal and parafoveal blue-on-yellow-sensitivity and the global field indices. The results of the present study support the idea that there are two different mechanisms of glaucomatous damage, one which is pressure-dependent and one which may be pressure-independent. The pressuredependent mechanism is responsible for deficits of central or paracentral function which are correlated to overall visual field damage.     

青光眼视盘损伤可能性估测法与视野缺损相关性研究

目的　研究视盘损伤可能性估测法(diskdamagelikelihoodscale ,DDLS)与原发性开角型青光眼(primaryopen an gleglaucoma,POAG)视野损害的相关性。设计　回顾性研究。研究对象　6 0例(10 7只眼)POAG患者。方法　POAG患者经静态视野检查,在裂隙灯显微镜下经 6 0D非球面凸透镜测量其视盘垂直径,按DDLS分期。采用HPA视野分期系统及以视野平均缺损值(meandefect,MD)作为视野分期标准。经Pearson及Spearman相关系数分析。主要指标　视盘垂直径,盘沿最窄处宽度/视盘垂直径比值,MD ,视神经损伤分期与视野分期。结果　DDLS与MD的dB值之间存在着非常显著的正相关(Pearsonr =0 6 33,P <0 0 0 1) ;与两种不同视野分期标准间亦存在非常显著的正相关,Spearmanr值分别为0 5 93和0 6 4 3(P <0 0 0 1)。在中等大小视盘组(视盘直径1 5～2 0mm)和大视盘组(视盘直径>2 0mm) ,DDLS分期与MD(dB值)存在非常显著的正相关:Pearsonr值为0 779和0 6 0 5 (P <0 0 0 1)。结论　DDLS与青光眼性视野缺损程度有非常显著的相关性。     

Pathophysiology of human glaucomatous optic nerve damage: Insights from rodent models of glaucoma

Understanding mechanisms of glaucomatous optic nerve damage is essential for developing effective therapies to augment conventional pressure-lowering treatments. This requires that we understand not only the physical forces in play, but the cellular responses that translate these forces into axonal injury. The former are best understood by using primate models, in which a well-developed lamina cribrosa, peripapillary sclera and blood supply are most like that of the human optic nerve head. However, determining cellular responses to elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) and relating their contribution to axonal injury require cell biology techniques, using animals in numbers sufficient to perform reliable statistical analyses and draw meaningful conclusions. Over the years, models of chronically elevated IOP in laboratory rats and mice have proven increasingly useful for these purposes. While lacking a distinct collagenous lamina cribrosa, the rodent optic nerve head (ONH) possesses a cellular arrangement of astrocytes, or glial lamina, that ultrastructurally closely resembles that of the primate. Using these tools, major insights have been gained into ONH and the retinal cellular responses to elevated IOP that, in time, can be applied to the primate model and, ultimately, human glaucoma.     

Correlation of pattern discrimination perimetry to the optic disc and visual field in ocular hypertensive and chronic open-angle glaucoma patients

We evaluated 19 ocular hypertensive and 32 chronic open-angle glaucoma patients to determine the correlation of pattern discrimination field loss to known markers of glaucomatous damage on the visual field and the optic nerve head. This study found no statistical association of the findings on the pattern discrimination perimeter to the areas of the optic disc, peripapillary halo, peripapillary atrophy, neural rim, or cup/pallor discrepancy (P > 0.05). In addition, no statistical relationship was observed to the diameters of the largest vein or artery in the inferior- or superior-temporal quadrant adjacent to the optic disc (P > 0.05). Between pattern discrimination and automated perimetry no agreement was observed in any visual field cluster (Glaucoma Hemifield Test) greater than that expected by chance alone (P > 0.05). When both visual function tests disagreed, the proportion of abnormal diagnoses in any cluster did not differ statistically between tests in chronic open-angle glaucoma patients (P > 0.05). However, in ocular hypertensive patients a greater proportion of abnormal diagnoses was observed with pattern discrimination perimetry (P < 0.03). This study suggests that pattern discrimination perimetry appears to measure a different physiologic property of the retina than does automated perimetry.