32例过敏疾病患者血清14种食物过敏原特异性IgG抗体的检测

为探讨过敏疾病患者血清中14种食物过敏原的特异性IgG抗体水平,采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测病人组32例,正常组22名。结果显示,病人组血清食物过敏原特异性IgG抗体有不同程度增高,阳性率依次为:虾34.4%,花生21.9%,鸡蛋18.8%,蟹15.6%,小麦12.5%,鳕鱼9.4%,玉米6.3%,大豆6.3%,牛肉3.1%,蘑菇3.1%,西红柿3.1%,鸡肉、猪肉、大米均为0;正常组仅鸡蛋、猪肉特异性IgG抗体轻度增高,阳性率均为4.5%,其余阴性。结论:过敏疾病患者血清食物过敏原特异性IgG抗体升高,说明此类患者体内产生特异性IgG抗体。食物过敏患者血清特异性IgG抗体升高明显,提示对临床确诊与防治食物过敏有重要意义。     

γδT细胞在变应性气道疾病中的作用

根据T细胞表面受体的不同,可将其分为αβT细胞和γδT细胞,γδT细胞在皮肤、肠黏膜、呼吸道、泌尿生殖系统黏膜中分布较多.作为连接固有免疫和适应性免疫的桥梁,γδT细胞在多种炎症性疾病、肿瘤和自身免疫疾病方面发挥重要作用.γδT细胞在不同的微环境中可表现出αβT胞亚群如细胞毒性T淋巴细胞（CTL）、Th1细胞、Th2细胞、Th17细胞、调节性T细胞（Treg）和抗原递呈细胞（APC）的功能,同时调节特异性IgE的产生和嗜酸性粒细胞的聚集.γδT细胞在变应性气道疾病的发生和发展中参与促炎、免疫调节和抑炎的过程,其不同亚群在变应性气道炎症中表现出不同的免疫调节功能.     

西咪替丁治疗过敏性紫癜甲襞微循环观察

本文对用西咪替丁治疗的过敏性紫癜35例临床及甲襞微循环改变进行了观察.有效率100%,与对照组比较有显著差异(x=8.17 P相似文献   

特殊类型的小儿变态反应性亚败血症

变态反应性亚败血症(SA)是一种少见疾病，临床表现复杂多样，其基本特征是：①长期反复的弛张热：②一过性皮疹；⑧关节肿痛；④血培养阴性；①对抗生素治疗无效而对激素有反应．本文介绍SA几种特殊的临床峩现，包括：突出的中枢神经系境症状．大量的心包积掖，变应性血管炎，血液系境表现为骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)并最终转变为白血病．等等，这些特殊的表现极为罕见，但它们一且成为突出的临床特征．本病的诊断将变得十分困难认识这些特殊的表现，对正确毋断本病具有较大价值的。本文就这具有特殊表现的SA的临床特征和诊断进行分析和探讨。     

人胸腺基质淋巴细胞生成素与过敏性疾病的研究进展

人胸腺基质淋巴细胞生成素（TSLP）是新近发现的具有IL-7样功能的细胞因子。它能够强烈诱导DC表达MHCⅡ类分子以及协同刺激分子CD40、CD80，促进DC产生招募Th2型细胞的趋化因子CCL17和CCL22，诱导初始T细胞分化为分泌IL-4、IL-5、IL-13的变应原特异性CD^4和CD8^＋效应T细胞，调节机体免疫应答向Th2型偏移，从而参与遗传过敏性皮炎、哮喘等多种过敏性疾病的发生过程。     

Comparison of Intranasal Ciclesonide,Oral Levocetirizine,and Combination Treatment for Allergic Rhinitis

PurposeTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of once-daily ciclesonide in comparison to both levocetirizine alone, and a ciclesonide/levocetirizine combination in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) and perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR).MethodsSubjects exhibiting moderate to severe allergic rhinitis for longer than 1 year were randomized in an open-label, 3-arm, parallel group, multicenter study. Subjects received 200 µg ciclesonide, 5 mg levocetirizine, or a combination of both. Changes from baseline until the end-of-study visit (2 weeks following) were evaluated by reflective total nasal symptom scores (rTNSSs), reflective total ocular symptom scores (rTOSSs), physician-assessed overall nasal signs and symptoms severity (PANS), and rhinoconjunctivitis quality-of-life questionnaires (RQLQ).ResultsSignificant improvements in rTNSS, PANS, and RQLQ in the ciclesonide monotherapy group were observed in comparison to the levocetirizine alone group. Three individual symptoms of rTNSS, including runny nose, nasal itching, and congestion, were improved in the ciclesonide-treated group. rTOSS scores for ciclesonide monotherapy improved from baseline, but no superiority over levocetirizine was shown. The absolute score and changes in rTNSS and PANS were positively correlated. Ciclesonide spray was more effective than levocetirizine in reducing nasal symptoms in both SAR and PAR patients. Ciclesonide and levocetrizine were well tolerated alone and in combination.ConclusionsOur results provide support for an AR and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) recommendation stipulating that ciclesonide is superior to levocetirizine for the treatment of AR, with tolerable safety. Addition of levocetirizine to ciclesonide did not give further clinical benefit over monotherapy.     

变应性鼻炎免疫治疗的研究进展

变应性鼻炎是一种由变应原激发并通过Ig E介导的鼻黏膜炎性疾病,因其反复发作的鼻部症状和并发症,给临床治疗带来很大挑战。免疫治疗是目前唯一能够改变变应性鼻炎自然病程、针对病因的治疗方法。近来,包括新的给药途径、变应原改造在内的各种新型免疫治疗方法大量涌现,给变应性鼻炎治疗提供更多有效和安全的选择。本文针对变应性鼻炎免疫治疗的最新研究进展进行综述,并对未来的方向进行展望。     

承德地区粉尘螨滴剂治疗过敏性鼻炎疗效观察与分析

目的评价舌下含服粉尘螨滴剂治疗过敏性鼻炎的临床疗效,为临床预防诊治提供依据。方法采用治疗前后对照,比较98例尘螨过敏性鼻炎患者在接受两年舌下含服粉尘螨滴剂治疗前、后的体征及症状评分,评估舌下含服粉尘螨滴剂治疗的疗效,统计不良反应发生率并对患者进行指导。结果治疗两年后,患者症状评分及体征评分较治疗前均明显减少,儿童组症状总分由治疗前10．27±1．87降至4．34±1．57;成人组症状总分由治疗前11．26±1．54降至5．81±1．52,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。儿童组体征得分由治疗前2．78±0．68降至1．54±0．57;成人组体征得分由治疗前2．86±0．59降至1．82±0．41,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。儿童组治疗有效率为94．74％,成人组治疗有效率为88．33％,总有效率为91．54％。5例患者（5．10％）出现局部不良反应,3例（3．06％）出现全身轻微不良反应,未出现全身严重不良反应。结论舌下含服粉尘螨滴剂治疗过敏性鼻炎是一种安全有效的方法,疗效确切、患者痛苦小、不良反应发生率低,值得临床大范围推广和使用。     

Association of Antioxidants With Allergic Rhinitis in Children From Seoul

Purpose

The prevalence of allergic diseases has risen over the last few decades. Many factors, including environmental factors such as those related to diet, have been considered. Among dietary factors, intake of antioxidant-related nutrients has been associated with the risk of allergic disease. We investigated the association of antioxidant nutritional status with allergic rhinitis (AR) in Korean schoolchildren aged 6-12 years.

Methods

Subjects were 4,554 children in Seoul, Korea. The risk of allergic disease was measured using the Korean version of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood, and dietary intake was measured by a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Intake of vitamins A (including retinol and β-carotene), C, and E was used in the analysis.

Results

Vitamin C intake was negatively associated with an increased risk of current symptoms (adjusted odds ratio, 0.886; 95% confidence interval, 0.806-0.973). There was no association between AR and intake of vitamin A, retinol, β-carotene, or vitamin E. Total serum IgE level and sensitization to allergen did not differ according to nutrient intake.

Conclusions

The group of children with increased vitamin C consumption had fewer AR symptoms, despite the lack of a difference in total serum IgE level or allergen sensitization. These findings suggest that nutrient intake, especially that of vitamin C, influences AR symptoms.     

Current understanding of the pathophysiology of allergic rhinitis

The immune response to an allergen depends on an initial sensitization process, with future exposures triggering a 2-part allergic response including an early and late phase. The process by which an allergen is recognized has become clearer. Similarly, the roles of the preformed mediators responsible for many of the signs and symptoms of the early-phase response have been elucidated. Recent work also has shed some light on the cells and mediators involved in the late-phase reactions. This article discusses some of this recent work and reviews the basics behind of all of the stages of the allergic response.     

Nasal nitric oxide in upper airways in children with asthma and allergic rhinitis

PurposeThe aim of this study is to compare levels of nasal nitric oxide (nNO) in pediatric patients with respiratory diseases.Materials and methodsnNO was measured by an electrochemical analyzer in 179 patients aged 7–15 with asthma, allergic rhinitis or with asthma and allergic rhinitis and in healthy children recruited from a local allergology clinic. Correlations between nNO levels and patient clinical parameters were assessed.ResultsnNO was significantly higher in patients with allergic rhinitis (2316.3 ± 442.33 ppb, p < 0.001) as well as with asthma and allergic rhinitis (2399.9 ± 446.73 ppb, p < 0.001) compared to asthmatic and healthy children (1066.4 ± 416.75; 836.2 ± 333.47 ppb, respectively). A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that a cut-off value of 1545 ppb nNO and 1459 ppb nNO has sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 100% in distinguishing allergic rhinitis and combined asthma and allergic rhinitis from healthy subjects. A positive correlation between nNO and age and height was determined only in groups of healthy controls. We found no association between nNO level and clinical parameters including percent of eosinophils and total IgE.ConclusionLevels of nNO are currently measured by different analyzers and with different methods, so assessment of nNO is in need of standardization improvement to become a more reliable tool. However, because it is cheap, painless and fast, it may be helpful in combination with recognition of clinical symptoms and typical diagnostic methods, especially in estimation of inflammation.     

FOXP3基因多态性与变应性鼻炎的相关性研究

目的 探讨FOXP3基因多态性与变应性鼻炎(AR)的相关性.方法 临床纳入AR患者55例以及健康者55例作为研究对象,分别为AR组和健康组.参考Hapmap网站公布的中国北京地区人群的FOXP3基因标签单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)信息以及Haploview 4.1软件运行的结果,选择rs3761547与rs3761548两个位点,通过聚合酶链反应测序法进行相关基因型的检测.结果 rs3761547与rs3761548两个位点的杂合突变与AR的发生具有相关性,但是经校正P值后发现只有rs3761548位点仍均有统计学意义(OR值为3.10,95％CI为1.19 ～8.02,P＜0.05).对不同过敏原进行分层分析,发现尘螨过敏患者中rs3761547与发病存在明显的相关性(OR值为1.98,95％CI为1.16 ～3.37,P＜0.05).结论 rs3761548的AC杂合突变与AR发病存在较为密切的关系,而rs3761547与尘螨过敏的AR存在一定的联系.     

150种过敏原在过敏性疾病中的阳性率分析

目的 通过检测过敏性疾病患者血清中过敏原特异性抗体水平,了解过敏原与常见过敏性疾病的相关性,为不同过敏性疾病过敏原检测重点以及选择合适的预防和治疗方案提供科学依据.方法 将患者分成三组,采用荧光酶联免疫法,用ImmunoCAP过敏原检测试剂检测150种过敏原的特异性IgE(sIgE)水平,统计每种过敏原的阳性检出例数,采用SPSS统计软件对三组阳性率进行比较和分析.结果 过敏原阳性率在三组过敏性疾病之间差异有统计学意义的过敏原有17种(P≤0.05),差异无统计学意义的有133种(P＞0.05).呼吸道过敏性疾病和呼吸道合并皮肤混合型过敏性疾病两者都比单纯皮肤过敏性疾病对h1、h2、d202、d203过敏原敏感(P＜0.05);呼吸道合并皮肤混合型过敏性疾病比单纯的呼吸道过敏性疾病和单纯的皮肤过敏性疾病对m2、f79、c1、c2过敏原敏感(P＜0.05),比单纯呼吸道过敏性疾病对f427、f17、fx15、f84、f95、f35、f85、k75过敏原敏感(P＜0.05),比单纯皮肤过敏性疾病对e5过敏原敏感(P＜0.05).结论 临床上除了应对主要常见过敏原进行检测和筛查外,还应根据患者过敏性疾病类型及过敏原接触史等情况,将三组阳性率比较差异有统计学意义的17种过敏原纳入检测筛查范畴.建议在诊治呼吸道合并皮肤混合型过敏性疾病时要特别注意筛查m2、c1、c2、f79过敏原.     

花粉过敏性哮喘的免疫学诊断研究

对４８例与花粉过敏有关的外源性哮喘病例进行过敏史、病史、体格检查，结合花粉变应原支气管激发试验（ＢＰＴ）、皮肤挑刺试验（ＳＰＴ）、特异性ＩｇＥ（Ｓ－ＩｇＥ）及特异性ＩｇＧ（Ｓ－ＩｇＧ）检查。结果ＢＰＴ阳性率为７０．９％（３５／４８），ＢＰＴ阳性组的ＳＰＴ、Ｓ－ＩｇＥ以及Ｓ－ＩｇＧ阳性率分别为１００％，７１．４％，６２．９％，明显高于ＢＰＴ阴性组。ＳＰＴ，Ｓ－ＩｇＥ，Ｓ－ＩｇＧ与ＢＰＴ的符合率分别为     

Allergic Reactions to Inhalant Glucocorticosteroids: A Hot Topic for Pneumologists and Allergologists

Allergic contact dermatitis to topical glucocorticosteroids (GCS) is a delayed type cell-mediated hypersensitivity reaction; it is frequently observed in dermatological and allergological practice, although its incidence is likely underestimated. By contrast, allergic contact sensitization to inhalant GCS is virtually unknown to most pneumologists. Here, we review some cases of adverse reactions to inhalant GCS in terms of pathogenetic mechanisms, risk factors, epidemiology, and allergic cross-sensitivity. In fact, this particular form of sensitization to drugs that have a wide spectrum of use in pneumological practice deserves more attention than in the past.