Cell Proliferation in Bone Marrow and Thymus Following Soft Tissue Damage

Earlier experiments by the author have shown that an increase in mitosis in bone marrow and thymus occurs after fractures and bone marrow aspiration. In this paper it is shown that soft tissue damage causes a statistically certain increase in mitosis both in bone marrow and thymus after 1 day. A possible explanation for this is liberation of a mitogenic kinin.     

多次手术失败的股骨骨不连的治疗

目的：采用带锁髓内钉内固定与术后注射红骨髓治疗多次手术失败的股骨不同部位骨不连。方法：股骨粗隆下骨不连7例,股骨干骨不连11例,股骨髁上骨不连5例。用带锁髓内钉静力型固定骨折型,自体髂骨植骨。术后7d骨折端注射自本红骨髓。结果：所有病例4－9个月愈合并获得较好的膝关节功能,结论：上述方法可提供早期坚强的内固定,补充成骨基质和成骨前质细胞,改善成骨能力。     

Assessment of Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Bone Marrow Aspirate From Human Calcaneus

Bone marrow aspirates (BMAs), owing to their innate osteogenic potential, are well-documented supplements to osteoconductive and/or osteoinductive materials. The calcaneal body provides foot and ankle surgeons a convenient harvest site with low morbidity and minimal cost. In the present study, we sought to identify and characterize multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in BMAs harvested from the human calcaneal body. Ten healthy patients aged 18 to 65 years were enrolled in the present study. BMAs were harvested from the patients without any reported postoperative complications related to the harvest. Cells isolated from all the aspirates were adherent to culture plates and expressed positive MSC surface markers (CD105, CD90, and CD73) and a low level of negative MSC markers (CD34 and CD45). The cells maintained the ability to proliferate and differentiate into cells of mesenchymal lineages. The BMAs from the human calcaneal body offer a healthy source of multipotent MSCs.     

兔骨髓源成骨细胞作为骨组织工程实验细胞的研究

目的探讨兔骨髓来源成骨细胞体外分离培养的条件及生长特征,为骨组织工程学实验研究奠定基础。方法穿刺抽取4个月龄新西兰兔的骨髓,采用离心和贴壁相结合方法,用矿化诱导培养液培养贴壁的骨髓细胞并传代。观察其生物学特征,绘制生长曲线、分裂指数曲线和贴壁率曲线,测定细胞贴壁及延展时间,并将培养细胞进行冻存、复苏,比较细胞特性有无改变。同时,电镜观察细胞在藻酸钙凝胶载体内的生长情况。结果培养细胞在第12代以前生长性状稳定,具有典型的成骨细胞特性;第4天为细胞生长倍增时间,第5～6天细胞达生长高峰;第4天细胞分裂最为旺盛,达18%;传代后10h贴壁率最高,为90%;冻存复苏后的细胞生物学特性无改变。电镜观察细胞在藻酸钙凝胶载体内生长良好,有骨基质分泌。结论本实验方法体外培养的成骨细胞,生长性状稳定,增殖速度快,可保证相关实验的可靠性和准确性;第12代以前,生长3～6d的细胞可作为理想的实验细胞。     

皮肤软组织扩张术对皮瓣血管新生的影响

皮肤软组织扩张术是整形外科创面修复的重要方法.组织扩张会引起皮肤软组织面积的增加和皮肤血管的新生.扩张皮肤组织血管的新生过程受多种因素的影响.本文就扩张皮肤血管新生过程的张力、缺氧和生长因子等因素的影响进行综述.     

The Role of Cytokines in the Changes in Bone Turnover Following Bone Marrow Transplantation

Osteoporosis is a common disease among patients undergoing transplantation and a loss of bone mass is usually detected after bone marrow transplantation (BMT), particularly during the immediate post-BMT period. Post-BMT bone loss is primarily related to gonadal dysfunction and immunosuppression. Cytokines, especially interleukin 6, play an important role in the pathogenesis of postmenopausal osteoporosis. However, the pathogenetic role of cytokines in post-BMT bone loss is unknown and data on the changes of cytokines in accordance with bone turnover markers are scarce. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between bone turnover markers and cytokines, which are regularly sampled at peripheral blood and bone marrow before and after allogeneic BMT. This prospective study included two analyses. The first was a study of 46 BMT recipients (M/F 28/18), examining the relationship between bone turnover markers and serum cytokines that were measured before and at 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, 4 weeks and 3 months after BMT. Serum intact parathyroid hormone was measured before BMT and at 3 weeks after BMT and its relation to other cytokines and bone turnover markers was evaluated. The second analysis was a study of 14 (M/F 9/5) of 46 patients in whom bone marrow plasma cytokines [interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)] were measured at 3 weeks after BMT. The relationship between bone marrow plasma cytokines and bone turnover markers was studied because bone marrow is the microenvironment where the real changes in bone turnover occur. Serum type I collagen carboxyterminal telopeptide (ICTP), a bone resorption marker, increased progressively until 4 weeks (peak) after BMT and then decreased thereafter. Serum osteocalcin, a bone formation marker, decreased progressively until 3 weeks after BMT and then increased thereafter. Serum IL-6 increased until 2 weeks after BMT and declined thereafter. Serum TNF-a increased until 3 weeks after BMT and declined thereafter. There was a significant positive correlation between serum ICTP and bone marrow IL-6 levels at 3 weeks after BMT, when a marked change in bone metabolism occurs following BMT. However, a correlation between bone turnover markers and bone marrow TNF-aor peripheral blood cytokines was not found. At 3 months after BMT, there was a significant negative correlation between the mean daily steroid dose and the serum osteocalcin level (r=−0.43, p<0.05). The correlation between the mean daily steroid dose and serum ICTP was also significant (r= 0.41, p<0.05). Our data suggest that the progressive increase in bone resorption during the immediate post-BMT period is related to both steroid dose and the increase in bone marrow IL-6, which is a potent stimulator of bone resorption in vivo. Received: 29 November 2000 / Accepted: 1 August 2001