单胎濒死儿发生的围生期危险因素分析（英文翻译）

目的 研究早产儿校正18~24月龄时的体格生长和神经发育水平。 方法 利用早产儿出院后随访系统,前瞻性收集2018年4月—2021年12月在暨南大学附属深圳市宝安区妇幼保健院定期随访的484例早产儿校正18~24月龄的体格生长数据和神经发育评估数据。219例足月儿作为对照。采用儿童神经心理行为检查量表2016版评估神经发育水平。根据胎龄分组（超早产儿组、极早产儿组、中期早产儿组、晚期早产儿组和足月儿组）,比较各组体格生长和神经发育水平。 结果 除中期早产儿组年龄别身长Z值高于足月儿组（P=0.038）,其余各早产儿组的体格生长指标与足月儿组比较差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。各早产儿组总发育商（developmental quotient,DQ）均低于足月儿组（均P<0.05）;除社会行为能区外,超、极早产儿组其他各能区DQ均低于足月儿组（均P<0.05）;胎龄<32周早产儿全面发育迟缓发生率（16.7%）显著高于足月儿组（6.4%）（P=0.012）,全面发育迟缓发生率有随着胎龄减小而升高的趋势（P=0.026）。 结论 早产儿校正18~24月龄时体格生长可完成追赶,但神经发育水平落后于足月儿,应特别重视胎龄<32周早产儿的神经发育监测及早期干预。     

鼠神经生长因子治疗全面性发育迟缓的前瞻性随机对照研究

目的 观察鼠神经生长因子（mouse nerve growth factor,mNGF）治疗儿童全面性发育迟缓的临床疗效。 方法 前瞻性选取安徽医科大学第一附属医院2016年7月至2017年7月收治的60例全面性发育迟缓患儿,随机分为常规康复组与mNGF组,每组各30例。常规康复组采用神经发育学疗法,mNGF组在此基础上,联合mNGF治疗。比较两组患儿在治疗前、治疗中和治疗结束后Gesell发育量表评分的差异。 结果 mNGF组和常规康复组治疗前、治疗1.5个月的Gesell发育量表各能区发育商（developmental quotient,DQ）差异无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。治疗3个月后,mNGF组大运动、精细运动和应人能区的DQ高于常规康复组（均P<0.05）。mNGF组一过性注射部位疼痛的发生率为7%（2/30）,未发现癫痫等其他严重不良反应。 结论 联合应用mNGF治疗可显著改善全面性发育迟缓患儿的认知、运动和社交能力。     

振幅整合脑电图联合头颅磁共振定量指标对中晚期早产儿近期神经发育预测价值的前瞻性研究

目的 探讨振幅整合脑电图（amplitude-integrated electroencephalogram,aEEG）、头颅磁共振成像（cranial magnetic resonance imaging,cMRI）的定量指标双顶径（biparietal width,BPW）、两半球间距（interhemispheric distance,IHD）与中晚期早产儿近期神经发育的关系。 方法 前瞻性选择2018年9月至2020年4月入住新生儿重症监护病房的104例中晚期早产儿为研究对象,在生后72 h内采用Naqeeb法及睡眠-觉醒周期（sleep-wake cycling,SWC）进行aEEG评估;在矫正胎龄37周时完成cMRI检查,并在T2冠状位测量BPW和IHD;矫正月龄6月龄时采用0~6岁儿童发育筛查测验（Developmental Screening Test for Child Under Six,DST）随访神经发育,并根据发育商（development quotient,DQ）分为DST正常组（≥85分,78例）和DST异常组（DQ<85分,26例）,分析比较两组间各指标差异,以及aEEG和cMRI的关系。 结果 DST异常组aEEG正常率、SWC成熟率低于DST正常组（P<0.05）;与DST正常组相比,DST异常组的IHD偏大、BPW偏小（P<0.05）。不成熟的SWC、aEEG异常、较大的IHD是DST异常的危险因素（P<0.05）,较大的BPW是DST异常的保护因素（P<0.05）。 结论 中晚期早产儿生后72 h内的aEEG、矫正胎龄37周时cMRI定量指标BPW和IHD可能影响其矫正月龄6月龄时的神经发育结局。     

积极肠外营养支持方案在胎龄小于34周早产儿中的远期效果研究

目的 探讨应用积极肠外营养支持方案在胎龄小于34周早产儿肠外营养中的远期疗效。 方法 根据早期应用脂肪乳和氨基酸剂量的不同,将2019年5~12月收治的生后24 h内入院、胎龄小于34周的早产儿分为积极肠外营养组和常规肠外营养组,每组各50例,分别收集两组早产儿在随访6个月和13个月时的体格指标及Gesell发育量表测定值。 结果 6月龄时,积极肠外营养组早产儿（n=46）在大运动、精细运动、个人-社会性行为3个能区的发育商均显著高于常规肠外营养组（n=34）（P<0.05）;13月龄时,积极肠外营养组早产儿（n=25）在适应性行为、大运动、个人-社会性行为3个能区的发育商均显著高于常规肠外营养组（n=19）（P<0.05）。两组患儿在整个随访过程中的体重、身长、头围等体格发育指标差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。 结论 在生后24 h内给予胎龄小于34周早产儿含高剂量脂肪乳和氨基酸的积极肠外营养支持策略可显著改善其远期神经系统发育。     

运动康复训练对支气管哮喘儿童运动能力和生活质量干预效果的系统评价

目的 系统评价运动康复训练对支气管哮喘儿童运动能力和生活质量的干预效果。 方法 检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、EBSCO、中国知网、维普数据库、万方数据库等数据库从建库至2021年2月关于运动康复训练对支气管哮喘儿童影响的随机对照试验。采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。 结果 共纳入14项研究,共计990例受试者。Meta分析结果显示：（1）运动康复组运动能力优于常规治疗组：6 min步行试验的步行距离（MD=108.13,P<0.01）、自我疲劳感觉值（MD=-2.16,P<0.001）、峰值功率（MD=0.94,P=0.001）均显著优于常规治疗组;（2）在儿科哮喘生活质量问卷中,运动康复组生活质量总评分（SMD=1.28,P=0.0002）显著高于常规治疗组,活动受限评分（SMD=1.38,P=0.0002）、症状评分（SMD=1.02,P<0.001）、情感功能评分（SMD=0.86,P<0.001）均显著高于常规治疗组。 结论 运动康复训练对支气管哮喘儿童运动能力和生活质量具有一定的改善作用,但受纳入研究数量和质量的限制,作为指导临床应用还需进一步研究和验证。     

甲状腺功能异常早产儿干预治疗的随访研究

目的 探讨甲状腺功能异常早产儿给予左旋甲状腺素钠片治疗后对生长发育及甲状腺功能的影响。 方法 选取2013年1月1日至2017年12月31日在云南省第一人民医院产科出生后于该院新生儿科住院,并在该院新生儿随访门诊定期随访生长发育及甲状腺功能情况的早产儿82例为研究对象行回顾性分析。根据甲状腺功能检测结果分为甲状腺功能异常组（观察组,n=31）和甲状腺功能正常组（对照组,n=51）。观察组给予口服左旋甲状腺素钠片,对照组未予干预,比较不同胎龄（28周≤胎龄<32周、32周≤胎龄<34周、34周≤胎龄<37周）两组早产儿定期随访至矫正年龄12月龄时的体格、智力发育情况及甲状腺功能的转归。 结果 不同胎龄两组早产儿随访至矫正年龄12月龄时,体格发育指标（身长、体重、头围）比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。28周≤胎龄<32周和32周≤胎龄<34周早产儿Gesell发育量表各能区评分随访至矫正年龄12月龄时,在观察组和对照组间比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。34周≤胎龄<37周早产儿,观察组的大运动能评分在3月龄和12月龄时低于对照组,精细动作能、语言能、适应性能评分在12月龄时均低于对照组（P<0.05）;个人-社会性能评分在3月龄时低于对照组（P<0.05）,但在12月龄时与对照组比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。甲状腺功能异常早产儿给予左旋甲状腺素钠片治疗,2~4周甲状腺功能均恢复正常,甲状腺功能恢复正常并完全停药的患儿有21例（68%）,其新生儿疾病筛查结果均正常（100%）;未能停药患儿10例（32%）,仅2例筛查结果正常,与甲状腺功能恢复正常并完全停药患儿的新生儿疾病筛查结果比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论 甲状腺功能异常早产儿及早诊断并进行合理规范的治疗,可以在一定程度上减少对生长发育的影响。早产儿甲状腺功能异常多为暂时性,新生儿筛查结果呈阳性的早产儿发展为永久性甲状腺功能异常的可能性大。     

晚期早产儿脐血维生素D水平及维生素D3补充对婴幼儿行为发育的前瞻性随机对照研究（英文翻译）

目的 探讨晚期早产儿25-羟维生素D［25-hydroxyvitamin D,25(OH)D］水平及维生素D₃补充对婴幼儿神经行为发育的影响。 方法 前瞻性选取2017年6月—2020年6月收治的晚期早产儿161例为研究对象,根据脐血25(OH)D水平分为充足组（52例）、不足组（53例）、缺乏组（56例）,每组按随机数字法分为A亚组（维生素D₃ 800 IU/d）、B亚组（个体化补充维生素D₃）。分析比较各组生后3个月25(OH)D水平、纠正胎龄10个月及纠正胎龄18个月25(OH)D水平及Gesell发育量表评分的差异。 结果 生后24 h内及3个月时,不足组、缺乏组25(OH)D水平低于充足组（P<0.05）,不足组25(OH)D水平高于缺乏组（P<0.05）;缺乏组生后3个月时B亚组25(OH)D水平高于A亚组（P<0.05）。不足组和缺乏组纠正胎龄10个月、纠正胎龄18个月时Gesell发育量表5个能区得分均低于充足组（P<0.05）;缺乏组纠正胎龄10个月时言语能、纠正胎龄18个月时粗大动作能得分低于不足组（P<0.05）。缺乏组B亚组纠正胎龄10个月时适应能、纠正胎龄18个月时适应能和应物能得分高于A亚组（P<0.05）。 结论 晚期早产儿脐血25(OH)D水平存在明显差异,个体化补充维生素D方案对于纠正维生素D缺乏更为有效。出生时及婴儿早期维生素D水平对神经行为发育有一定影响。     

上海380例家庭聚集性感染Omicron变异株的儿童及其家属临床特征分析（英文翻译）

目的 分析亲子病房收治模式下,家庭聚集性感染Omicron变异株的儿童及其家属的临床特点及转归。 方法 回顾性收集上海市第六人民医院新型冠状病毒肺炎（coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19）定点医院于2022年4月8日至5月10日收治确诊的感染Omicron变异株患儿190例及其家属190例的临床资料,进行分析总结。 结果 儿童组和成人组均以轻型为主,儿童组轻型比例高于成人组（P<0.05）;2组临床表现均以上呼吸道症状为主,儿童组发热、腹痛腹泻、喘息发生率高于成人组（P<0.05）,鼻塞流涕咳嗽、咽干咽痒咽痛发生率低于成人组（P<0.05）;成人组治疗连花清瘟颗粒/小儿豉翘清热颗粒、中药汤剂、重组人干扰素α2b喷雾剂、止咳化痰药、奈玛特韦/利托那韦片使用率均高于儿童组（P<0.05）;儿童组疫苗接种率（30.5%）较成人组（71.1%）低（P<0.001）,而儿童组严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,SARS-CoV-2）核酸阳性持续时间短于成人组（P<0.05）。2组临床轻型者SARS-CoV-2核酸阳性持续时间短于普通型者（P<0.05）。2组有基础疾病者SARS-CoV-2核酸阳性持续时间长于无基础疾病者（P<0.05）。 结论 家庭聚集性Omicron变异株感染儿童和成人的临床分型均以轻型为主。尽管儿童疫苗接种率较低,但在亲子病房收治模式中,疾病恢复较快,SARS-CoV-2核酸阳性持续时间短于成人。     

分娩方式对儿童神经精神发育影响的出生队列研究

目的评价分娩方式与儿童神经精神发育的关联。方法采用前瞻性母婴队列研究,于2013年和2014年采用年龄与发育进程问卷,从沟通、粗大动作、精细运动、解决问题以及个人-社会5个能区评价651名12和24月龄儿童的神经精神发育状况。以剖宫产为暴露组,阴道分娩为对照组,采用多因素logistic回归分析评估分娩方式与儿童神经精神发育的关联及关联强度。结果 12和24月龄儿童神经精神发育迟缓发生率分别为3.94%和13.12%。剖宫产对12月龄儿童神经精神发育无显著影响。调整妊娠期高血压、妊娠期糖尿病和家庭经济收入等因素后,24月龄剖宫产儿童沟通能区发育迟缓的发生风险显著增加,发病风险为阴道分娩组的3.37倍(95%CI:1.02～10.5,P0.05)。结论剖宫产可能增加24月龄儿童沟通能区发育迟缓的发生风险。     

虚拟现实训练对痉挛型双瘫脑瘫患儿肢体运动功能的影响

目的 观察虚拟现实（VR）训练对痉挛型双瘫脑瘫患儿上肢精细运动和下肢粗大运动的影响。方法 选取痉挛型双瘫脑瘫患儿35 例,随机分为VR 训练组（n=19）和常规训练组（n=16）,常规训练组给予3 个月的常规运动疗法和作业疗法训练;VR 训练组给予3 个月的VR 训练和作业疗法训练。采用Peabody 运动发育量表的抓握、视觉-运动整合分测试对患儿治疗前后精细运动进行评价,采用88 项粗大运动功能量表（GMFM-88）的D 区及E 区、改良Ashworth 量表（MAS）、Berg 平衡量表（BBS）对患儿治疗前后粗大运动进行评价。结果 治疗前两组患儿抓握、视觉-运动整合、精细运动发育商、GMFM-88 之D 区、E 区评分、MAS评分、BBS 评分无明显差异（P > 0.05）;治疗后,VR 训练组抓握、视觉-运动整合、精细运动发育商、GMFM-88D 区评分、E 区评分、BBS 评分、MAS 评分较常规训练组明显改善（P 结论 VR 训练可有效提高痉挛型双瘫脑瘫患儿上肢精细运动功能和下肢粗大运动功能。     

Motor impairments in children with epilepsy treated with carbamazepine

Nineteen children with epilepsy were tested on two occasions, first during treatment with carbamazepine (CBZ) and then 6 months later without treatment. Plasma drug concentrations were within the therapeutic limits in all children. The children were examined with a standardized test of gross- and fine- motor functions, the Bruininks-Oseretsky test of motor proficiency. Significant improvements were found in response speed ( p < 0.05), in composite fine-motor tests ( p < 0.01) and in the total test battery ( p < 0.05) after the treatment had been withdrawn. A tendency to improvement was found in the fine-motor subtest of upper limb coordination ( p = 0.08). Another group of 12 children was tested twice during treatment with CBZ with an interval of 6 months. No difference was found in this group except for an impairment of the results in the subtest of visual-motor control on the second test occasion ( p = 0.05).     

Motor Training and Physical Activity Among Preschoolers with Cerebral Palsy: A Survey of Parents’ Experiences

ABSTRACT

Objective: To describe motor training and physical activity among preschoolers with cerebral palsy (CP) in Norway, and assess associations between child, parent, and motor intervention characteristics, and parent-reported child benefits from interventions. Method: Survey of 360 parents and data from the Norwegian CP follow-up program. The response rate was 34%. Results: During the six months preceding the time of the survey, 75% of the children performed gross-motor training, 73% fine-motor training, 80% manual stretching, and 67% participated regularly in physical activities. The training was highly goal-directed, intensive, frequently incorporated in daily routines, and often with a high level of parental involvement. The use of goals was associated with higher parent-reported child benefits for all types of interventions. Moreover, the positive relationship, which was indicated between frequency of training, parent education, and parent-reported child benefits of gross-motor training, was not seen for fine-motor training. Conclusion: Parent-reported child benefits support goal-directed motor interventions, and the use of everyday activities to increase practice of motor skills.     

Onset of acquired autoimmune hypothyroidism in infancy: a presentation of delayed gross-motor development and rhabdomyolysis

We report the case of a 23-month-old girl who presented with poor growth and delayed attainment of gross-motor milestones. Elevated creatine phosphokinase (CPK) indicated rhabdomyolysis, ultimately attributed to severe, acquired autoimmune hypothyroidism. Growth data and bone-age suggest the onset of hypothyroidism occurred at or before 12 months of age. Acquired hypothyroidism is rare before age 3 years, and rhabdomyolysis due to hypothyroidism has not previously been reported as a cause of delayed gross-motor development in toddlerhood. Despite the early onset of hypothyroidism, cognitive function appeared to be unaffected. Adequate thyroid hormone replacement quickly normalized the CPK in our patient, and gross motor development rapidly improved. Although rare, rhabdomyolysis secondary to hypothyroidism should be in the differential diagnosis of delayed gross-motor development in infancy and toddlerhood.     

Parent's reports predict their child's developmental problems

To document parental reports about their child's delayed development, 180 consecutive parents/guardians of children, ages ranging from 16 to 70 months, were surveyed. Parents reported a mean of 8.28 (SD 4.55) problems. Symptoms most reported were not talking well (79.5%), poor speech (59.8%), immaturity (58.0%), understands poorly (55.4%), bowel/bladder problems (50.9%), seldom plays with others (47.3%), attention (46.4%), eating (43.8%), clumsy-gross motor (40.2%), and clumsy-fine motor (40.2%). There was an association between delayed development and symptoms about eating, bowel-bladder, clumsy fine-motor, not talking well, understands poorly, immature, and seldom plays with others (p<0.05). The presence of language symptoms increased the odds of delayed development by 2.25. Relevant symptoms differed by developmental domains and different groups of items predicted specific delays. Parent reports indicated quantifiable difficulties requiring detailed assessments.     

Watch Me Move: A Program For Parents of Young Children With Gross-Motor Delays

Aims: Watch Me Move (WMM) is a 6-week parent education program for caregivers of children with gross-motor delays. The aims are to improve parent-child interaction in a gross-motor context, increase parents' knowledge of behavioral cues and gross-motor development, and decrease perceived parental stress. Methods: Forty mothers of children, 6 months to 3 years of age, with a gross-motor delay participated in a randomized control trial comparing parents who received the WMM program plus standard of care physiotherapy (n = 24) with parents whose children received standard of care physiotherapy (n = 16). Results: Mothers who received the WMM program had significantly higher change scores on two subscales of the Nursing Child Assessment Teaching Scale (NCATS; i.e., cognitive growth fostering, and responsiveness to caregiver) and on the Parent Knowledge Questionnaire assessing knowledge of behavioral cues and gross-motor development. There were no significant group differences on the other four NCATS subscales (i.e., sensitivity to cues, response to child's distress, social emotional growth fostering, and clarity of cues) or the Parenting Stress Index. Conclusions: The addition of WMM to traditional physiotherapy improved aspects of mothers' ability to interact with their children and their knowledge of behavioral cues and gross-motor development.     

Long-term neuromotor outcome at school entry of infants with congenital heart defects requiring open-heart surgery

OBJECTIVES: Increased survival in infants with complex congenital heart defects (CHDs) has resulted in greater focus on morbidity. This prospective study was conducted to investigate whether or not neuromotor impairments evident acutely persist long-term. STUDY DESIGN: A total of 94 infants with CHD were reassessed at school entry (age 64.2 +/- 11.3 months) by blinded examiners using the Peabody Developmental Motor Scale and neurologic examination. RESULTS: Neurologic abnormalities were noted in 28.4% of the subjects, with hypotonia and developmental delay most commonly observed. Microcephaly was documented in 15.4% of subjects, with head circumference >50th percentile in only 14.1%. Mean gross and fine motor quotients were shifted downward (82.7 +/- 12.3 and 86.2 +/- 16.3, respectively), and gross and fine motor delays were prevalent (49.4% and 39.0%, respectively). Severe disability was rare (<5%). Predictors of neurologic impairment included type of surgery (palliative/corrective), abnormal postoperative neurologic examination, and presence of microcephaly at initial surgery. Gross motor delay was more likely if palliated. Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest time, palliative surgery, microcephaly, and number of hospitalizations were associated with fine motor delay. CONCLUSIONS: Neurologic impairments and motor delay are common in survivors of open-heart surgery, persisting to age of school entry. Early indicators of medical complications and acute neurologic compromise are associated with increased risk. Early identification and intervention may optimize performance in those at risk.     

儿童伯基特淋巴瘤62例临床特征及预后分析北大核心CSCD

目的分析儿童伯基特淋巴瘤(Burkitt’s lymphoma,BL)的临床特点、化疗疗效,以及利妥昔单抗治疗对BL患儿预后的影响。方法回顾性收集62例BL患儿的临床资料,对BL患儿的临床特点、疗效及预后相关因素进行分析,采用Cox回归分析BL患儿预后不良的相关因素。根据是否应用利妥昔单抗治疗将晚期(Ⅲ/Ⅳ期)BL患儿分为化疗联合利妥昔单抗组和单纯化疗组,比较两组预后情况。结果62例患儿发病时中位年龄5(范围1~14)岁,男58例(94%),女4例(6%)。原发部位为腹腔者41例(66%),头颈部者16例(26%)。Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ期患儿分别为1例(2%)、8例(13%)、33例(53%)、20例(32%)。中位随访时间29个月,进展/复发患儿15例(24%),3年总生存率、无事件生存率分别为82.8%±5.2%、77.3%±5.8%。Ⅲ/Ⅳ期患儿中,化疗联合利妥昔单抗组(n=16)与单纯化疗组(n=30)3年总生存率分别为93.3%±6.4%、65.6%±9.9%,差异有统计学意义(P=0.042);3年无事件生存率分别为86.2%±9.1%、61.8%±10.1%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Cox回归分析结果显示:中枢神经系统侵犯、乳酸脱氢酶水平>1000 U/L、早期未完全缓解为BL患儿预后不良的相关因素(P<0.05)。结论化疗联合利妥昔单抗治疗能改善Ⅲ、Ⅳ期BL患儿预后;中枢神经系统侵犯、乳酸脱氢酶水平升高、早期未完全缓解可能提示BL患儿预后不良。     

Cord serum ferritin concentrations and mental and psychomotor development of children at five years of age

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to evaluate the association between fetal iron status and mental and psychomotor development at 5 years of age. STUDY DESIGN: We evaluated the association of fetal iron status (umbilical cord serum ferritin concentrations) with test scores of mental and psychomotor development of 278 children. Six tests were given, including full-scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ), language ability, fine- and gross-motor skills, attention, and tractability. RESULTS: Compared with children with cord ferritin in the 2 median quartiles, those in the lowest quartile scored lower on every test and had significantly worse language ability, fine-motor skills, and tractability. They were also 4.8-fold more likely to score poorly in fine-motor skills and 2.7-fold more likely to have poor tractability than children in the median quartiles. FSIQ in the highest quartile was slightly, but not significantly, lower than the median quartiles, but the odds ratio for having a FSIQ score of less than 70 for children in the highest quartile was 3.3 (95% CI 1.2-9.1). CONCLUSION: Poor iron status (low ferritin) in utero appears to be associated with diminished performance in certain mental and psychomotor tests. The reason for the association between high ferritin concentrations and low FSIQ scores is unknown.     

儿童朗格罕斯细胞组织细胞增生症34例临床分析

目的探讨儿童朗格罕斯细胞组织细胞增生症(LCH)的临床特点和预后,以期提高LCH诊疗水平。方法对34例初发LCH儿童患者进行回顾性分析。结果 34例患者中位年龄14.5个月(22 d至60个月),其中0~2岁的23例、2岁的11例;高危组17例,低危组17例。30例患者接受化疗,6周化疗总有效率67%(20/30),12个月总有效率87%(26/30),3年总生存(OS)率为86%±6%,3年无事件生存(EFS)率为64%±9%。高危组患者6周化疗有效率46.7%,3年OS为72%±12%,3年EFS为46%±13%,均低于低危组(86.7%、100%、82%±9%),差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。高危组12个月化疗有效率(80%)与低危组(93%)的差异无统计学意义(P0.05);复发率和死亡率均为27%,而低危组无复发和死亡。结论 LCH总体生存率较高,但高危组6周化疗有效率低,远期预后较差。     

江苏省儿童生长发育状况及其影响因素——基于0~6岁儿童家庭的横断面研究北大核心CSCD

目的探讨江苏省0~6岁儿童的生长发育状况及家庭因素对儿童生长发育的影响。方法采用分层随机抽样方法,抽取江苏省2004个0~6岁儿童家庭,对儿童的主要照护人进行营养知、信、行问卷调查,采用儿童体格指标Z评分方法评价儿童营养状况,并通过有序多分类logistic回归模型分析儿童营养状况的影响因素。结果发放问卷2290份,收回有效问卷2004份,问卷回收率为87.51%。儿童平均年龄为(28±14)个月;男孩1105例(55.14%),女孩899例(44.86%)。照护人看护主要以父母看护为主(1867例,93.16%),1466例(73.15%)照护人的受教育水平为大学/大专学历,家庭年收入集中在5~<10万元/年和10~<20万元/年,分别占32.88%和34.23%。Z评分结果显示,男孩和女孩生长迟缓率分别为1.45%(16/1105)和1.78%(16/899),体重过轻率分别为0.54%(6/1105)和0.67%(6/899),消瘦率分别为1.36(15/1105)和2.00%(18/899),肥胖率分别为8.78%(97/1105)和10.12%(91/899)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,家庭年收入较高和照护人营养知识水平较高有利于儿童生长发育(P<0.05)。结论江苏省0~6岁儿童的生长发育总体较好,但肥胖率相对较高,要重视对儿童肥胖的监测。家庭经济状况和和照护人营养知识水平对儿童生长发育有显著影响。