胸腔镜下胸腔内氩气刀烧灼联合持续热灌注治疗恶性胸腔积液疗效观察

目的探讨胸腔镜下胸腔内氩气刀烧灼联合持续热灌注治疗恶性胸腔积液的效果。方法将52例恶性胸腔积液患者随机分为治疗组(28例)与对照组(24例)。对照组经胸腔闭式引流术排尽胸腔积液后行胸腔内化疗;治疗组应用胸腔镜下胸腔内氩气刀烧灼壁层胸膜联合持续热灌注治疗。观察比较两组疗效。结果治疗组置管时间及住院天数均短于对照组(均<0.05),两组总有效率差异有统计学意义(<0.05)。结论胸腔镜下胸腔内氩气刀烧灼加持续热灌注治疗恶性胸腔积液是有效的,并具有热启动快、作用均匀、疗效确切、微创、快速诊断及并发症小的优点。     

超细引流管在单孔胸腔镜肺叶切除手术后放置位置的初步探讨

目的 探讨超细引流管在单孔胸腔镜肺叶手术后放置位置和放置肋间的选择.方法 回顾性分析2019年10月至2021年2月安徽省胸科医院胸外一科收治并由同一团队实施的单孔胸腔镜肺叶切除手术患者45例,按术后超细引流管放置位置及肋间的不同,将患者分为试验组和对照组.试验组共21例,超细引流管放置于第6～7肋间腋后线旁,脊柱侧旁开约2 cm处.对照组共24例,超细引流管置于第7～9肋间腋中线至腋后线水平.比较两组患者的围手术期相关指标(手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流管留置时间、术后第3天疼痛评分)、术后胸腔引流量、术后第3天肋膈角积液情况、术后早期患者刺激性咳嗽症状发生率等.结果 两组患者均顺利完成手术并出院.两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流管留置时间、术后第3天疼痛评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后第1天、第2天、第3天胸腔引流量比较,时间及交互作用比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但是两组的处理因素对胸腔引流量的影响差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);试验组术后刺激性咳嗽症状发生率少于对照组,术后第3天胸片肋膈角积液患者比例少于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).术后第2天超细引流管引流量多于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 单孔胸腔镜肺叶切除手术后,经由改进的置管位置置入超细引流管利于胸腔积液的引流,可能利于减少患者术后早期咳嗽及肋膈角积液的发生率.     

胸腔镜下肺叶切除术对早期周围型肺癌的疗效分析

目的:探讨胸腔镜下肺叶切除术对早期周围肺癌的疗效分析,为临床提供参考。方法:回顾性分析我院2011年2月～2012年2月收治的62例早期周围型肺癌患者的临床资料,观察组31例采用胸腔镜下肺叶切除术,对照组31例采用常规开放手术,对两组的围手术期各项观察指标及并发症的发生率进行比较。结果:观察组和对照组手术时间、术中出血量、术后第1天胸腔引流液、引流管放置时间以及平均住院时间比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组手术并发症总发生率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:胸腔镜下肺叶切除术治疗早期周围型肺癌安全可行,疗效确切,值得临床推广。     

胸腔镜治疗联合尿激酶局部应用在急性包裹性胸腔积液中的疗效评价

目的 评价胸腔镜联合尿激酶胸腔内注射治疗急性包裹黏连性胸腔积液的疗效。 方法 急性包裹黏连性胸腔积液患者58例,按照处理方法不同分为治疗组(n=27)、对照组(n=31),治疗组采用胸腔镜检查、治疗后放置胸腔闭式引流管,同时给予胸腔内注入尿激酶(10万U)保留24~48 h后引流,每周2次(可根据引流液的颜色增减次数);对照组常规胸腔置管引流。比较两组患者胸腔积液的引流量、积液蛋白含量、积液消失时间、胸膜厚度、治疗效果及并发症发生率。 结果 治疗组胸腔积液引流量为(1141.51±411.66)mL,显著多于对照组(751.93±605.53)mL(P<0.05);治疗组胸腔积液消失时间和胸膜厚度分别为(6.18±1.88)d和(2.09±0.50)mm,低于对照组(7.54±2.28)d和(2.90±0.57)mm(P<0.05);治疗组胸腔积液蛋白含量为(26.45±12.09)g,显著低于对照组(34.33±10.99)g(P<0.05)。治疗组有效率为96.3%(95%CI:58.5%~100%),高于对照组77.4%(95%CI:41.3%~100%)(P<0.001)。在并发症的发生率上两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论 内科胸腔镜联合尿激酶治疗包裹黏连性胸腔积液,患者胸腔积液引流量多、引流彻底、干净,积液消失快,胸膜增厚减轻,治疗效果好,且并发症无明显增加。     

集中管理日间手术模式下胸腔镜手术与普通住院手术模式治疗肺结节的疗效及安全性比较

目的:探讨集中管理日间手术模式下胸腔镜手术与普通住院手术治疗肺结节的疗效及安全性差异。方法:回顾性分析150例接受胸腔镜手术治疗的肺结节患者的临床资料，包括集中管理日间手术模式(观察组)与普通住院手术模式(对照组),每组各75例。比较两组患者手术与住院相关指标、出院时满意度及术后1个月内并发症发生情况。结果:两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、胸腔引流管安置时间及术后1 d NRS评分比较，差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与对照组比较，观察组患者等床日、住院时间均更短(P<0.05),住院费用更低(P<0.05),患者对就医过程、出院指导的满意度评分均更高(P<0.05)。两组患者对医护人员服务态度、治疗效果的满意度评分，气胸、发热、胸腔积液、肺部感染、再入院率及并发症总发生率比较，差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:集中管理日间手术模式下胸腔镜手术可有效缩短肺结节患者等床及住院时间，降低住院费用，提升满意度，且不增加术后并发症发生风险，是一种安全、可行的手术模式。     

胸腔镜胸膜固定术与胸腔闭式引流术治疗大量恶性胸腔积液疗效比较

目的：比较胸腔镜胸膜固定术与胸腔闭式引流术治疗大量恶性胸腔积液的疗效。方法将2012年1~12月108例大量恶性胸腔积液患者,采用数表法随机分为胸腔镜组与闭式引流组各54例,胸腔镜组行胸腔镜胸膜固定术治疗,胸腔闭式引流组行胸腔闭式引流术治疗,定期复查胸部CT及胸片,治疗前后检测胸腔积液蛋白定量、白细胞计数及乳酸脱氢酶水平数值等,比较两组胸水控制情况、术后引流管留置时间、住院时间及并发症,患者均随访3年,记录复发情况及1年、2年、3年生存率。结果胸腔镜组患者的总有效率为96.30%(52/54),明显高于闭式引流组的74.07%(40/54),组间比较差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01);两组术后胸液蛋白定量、白细胞计数及乳酸脱氢酶水平均较术前明显降低,胸腔镜组降低幅度明显大于闭式引流组,差异均有显著统计学意义(P<0.01);胸腔镜组患者引流管留置时间、住院时间均短于闭式引流组,并发症发生率低于闭式引流组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);随访3年,胸腔镜组远期并发症发生率为3.70%,1年、2年、3年生存率分别为55.56%、33.33%和22.22%,闭式引流组远期并发症发生率为22.22%,1年、2年、3年生存率分别为48.15%,、11.11%和7.41%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或0.01)。结论胸腔镜胸膜固定术治疗大量恶性胸腔积液的有效性及安全性均优于胸腔闭式引流术,值得临床上进一步推广应用。     

胸腔镜下胸膜固定术治疗晚期肺癌恶性胸腔积液临床分析

目的：比较胸腔镜下滑石粉胸膜固定术与常规胸腔闭式引流后于胸腔内灌注滑石粉两种方法治疗晚期肺癌恶性胸腔积液的临床疗效。方法选择2014年1月—2016年9月我院收治的晚期肺癌恶性胸腔积液患者31例为观察组,2011年1月—2013年12月收治的晚期肺癌恶性胸腔积液患者33例为对照组。观察组行胸腔镜下滑石粉胸膜固定术,对照组采用常规的胸腔闭式引流后于胸腔内灌注滑石粉。比较2组患者术后引流管留置时间、住院时间、近期并发症发生情况及胸水控制情况。结果术后12周,观察组完全缓解率90.3%,有效率96.8%,对照组完全缓解率33.3%,有效率63.6%,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）;观察组术后引流管留置时间与住院时间均短于对照组,近期并发症发生率亦低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论胸腔镜下滑石粉胸膜固定术在控制恶性胸腔积液的有效性和安全性方面均优于胸腔闭式引流胸腔内灌注滑石粉。     

纤维支气管镜替代胸腔镜在胸腔积液中的应用

目的 探讨用纤维支气管镜替代胸腔镜在胸腔积液诊治中的价值.方法 回顾性分析47例病因不明的胸腔积液,其中纤维支气管镜替代胸腔镜检查25例,胸腔镜22例,对两组的手术时间、手术费用、切口愈合时间、确诊率、气胸发生率等进行比较.结果 纤维支气管镜替代胸腔镜检查手术时间、切口愈合时间短费用低(P<0.05),确诊率和气胸的发生率两组间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 纤维支气管镜替代胸腔镜诊治胸腔积液确诊率高、疗效好、创伤小及费用低,基本满足内科临床应用.     

经胸腔镜喷洒滑石粉联合热疗治疗恶性胸腔积液的疗效观察

目的 探讨经胸腔镜喷洒滑石粉联合热疗对恶性胸腔积液的治疗效果.方法 将临床确诊的恶性胸腔积液64例分为两组:治疗组采用胸腔镜下喷洒滑石粉联合热疗;对照组单用闭式引流,观察两组的临床疗效、生活质量及不良反应.结果 治疗组排液量较对照组减少(P<0.05).完全缓解率治疗组为80%,对照组为60%,两组比较有显著性差异(P...     

微波消融与手术切除治疗小肝癌合并肝硬化92例效果比较*

目的：比较微波消融与手术切除对小肝癌合并肝硬化的临床治疗效果。方法：随机选取微波消融术（经皮或开腹/腹腔镜）治疗小肝癌合并肝硬化病例46例作为观察组,行手术切除（开腹 / 腹腔镜）治疗小肝癌合并肝硬化病例46例作为对照组,评价两种方法的治疗效果。结果：观察组仅发生胸腔积液1例,并发症发生率2.2%;对照组发生胸腔积液3例、肺炎2例、切口感染1例、严重肝功能衰竭致死亡1例,并发症发生率15.2%,观察组术后并发症发生率明显低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（χ2=04.929,P=0.026）。观察组患者术后肝功能检测指标优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组手术时间、术中出血量、术中输血量、住院时间均少于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。术后6个月两组患者均存活,观察组及对照组术后1年累计生存率分别为93.5%（43/46）及95.7%（44/46）,两组比较差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.211,P=0.646）,观察组及对照组术后2年累计生存率分别为82.6%（38/46）及87.0%（40/46）,两组比较差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.084,P=0.772）。结论：微波消融与手术切除治疗小肝癌合并肝硬化患者的疗效相当,微波消融技术创伤及操作侵袭更小,更利于术后恢复和预后改善,值得推广应用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.