赤丹丸与其组方药材的体外抑菌试验

目的：研究赤丹丸及其组方药材的体外抑菌作用。方法：采用液体培养基2倍稀释法测定赤丹丸及其组方药材的水提取物和乙醇提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌、白色念珠菌的体外最低抑菌浓度（MIC）和最低杀菌浓度（MBC）。结果：赤丹丸及其组方药材的水提取物和醇提取物对白色念珠菌的抑菌作用明显弱于对其它3种菌的作用（P〈0．05），其中药材的水提取物体外抑制白色念珠菌作用相对较强（P〈0．05）；各种提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌的抑菌作用也各有差异。药材水提取物对铜绿假单胞菌、白色念珠菌的抑菌作用最强（P〈0．05）；赤丹丸醇提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌的抑菌作用最强（P〈0．05）。结论：赤丹丸及其组方药材的水提取物与醇提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌、白色念珠菌均具有体外抑菌作用。     

滇东南26种中草药体外抗菌活性研究

目的测定26种采自滇东南红河州原始森林中草药的80%乙醇提取物体外抗菌活性及对MRSA活性,筛选出抑菌效果好的药材进一步提取分离并追踪其有效成分。方法制备26种云南中草药乙醇提物,采用常规琼脂扩散法对金黄色葡萄球菌,大肠埃希菌,白假丝酵母菌,铜绿假单胞菌以及临床分离得到的MRSA菌株进行体外抑菌试验,倍比稀释法测定MIC（最小抑菌浓度）、MBC（最低杀菌浓度）。结果 26种云南中草药的醇提物中有16种对标准金黄色葡萄球菌标准菌株（ATCC 25923）、大肠埃希菌标准菌株（ATCC 25922）、铜绿假单胞菌标准菌株（ATCC27853）、白假丝酵母菌标准菌株（ATCC Y0109）均有不同程度的抑制活性;其中野梧桐,乔木茵芋等8种中草药对标准金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制作用较好,对标准金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌圈大小在11～24mm之间,对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）菌株抑菌活性在9～26mm之间,MIC在8～512μg/mL之间。结论野梧桐,乔木茵芋等8种中药具有广谱的抗菌活性,且对MRSA菌株也有一定的抑制作用。     

滇东南26种中草药体外抗菌活性研究

目的 测定26种采自滇东南红河州原始森林中草药的80%乙醇提取物体外抗菌活性及对MRSA活性,筛选出抑菌效果好的药材进一步提取分离并追踪其有效成分.方法 制备26种云南中草药乙醇提物,采用常规琼脂扩散法对金黄色葡萄球菌,大肠埃希菌,白假丝酵母菌,钢绿假单胞菌以及临床分离得到的MRSA菌株进行体外抑菌试验,倍比稀释法测定MIC(最小抑菌浓度)、MBC(最低杀菌浓度).结果 26种云南中草药的醇提物中有16种对标准金黄色葡萄球菌标准菌株(ATCC 25923)、大肠埃希菌标准菌株(ATCC 25922)、铜绿假单胞菌标准菌株(ATCC27853)、白假丝酵母菌标准菌株(ATCC Y0109)均有不同程度的抑制活性;其中野梧桐,乔木茵芋等8种中草药对标准金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制作用较好,对标准金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌圈大小在11～24mm之间,对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)菌株抑菌活性在9—26mm之间,MIC在8～512μg/mL之间.结论 野梧桐,乔木茵芋等8种中药具有广谱的抗菌活性,且对MRSA菌株也有一定的抑制作用.     

8种滇产中草药体外抑菌活性筛选

目的:测定8种采自云南中草药提取物的体外抑菌活性。方法:制备8种云南产中草药的醇提物(冷或热),用琼脂打孔法对其进行抗菌活性的筛选,通过微量稀释法测定其最低抑菌浓度(MIC)和最低杀菌浓度(MBC)。结果:16种醇提取物中有15种对标准金黄色葡萄球菌、标准大肠埃希菌、标准铜绿假单胞菌、标准白色念珠菌有抑制活性,其中7种中草药醇提取物对标准金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制作用较好,抑菌圈直径为15～27 mm,对耐药菌株耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)菌株抑菌圈直径为9～25 mm,MIC在32～1 024 mg/L,MBC在64～1 024 mg/L。结论:罗汉松、箭根薯等对MRSA菌株以及白色念珠菌均有有较好的抑制作用,表现出广谱抗菌活性。     

复方三黄酊体外抑菌活性的研究

目的 评价两种不同工艺制备的抗感染药物复方三黄酊的体外抗菌活性。方法 采用抑菌圈试验和胰酪大豆胨液体培养基稀释法对大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌、沙门氏菌和白色念珠菌进行体外抑菌试验,进行了最低抑菌浓度(MIC)和最低杀菌浓度(MBC)的试验研究。结果 两种工艺制备的抗感染药物复方三黄酊对金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌和白色念珠菌具有较强的抑菌和杀菌活性,以金黄色葡萄球菌较为敏感。结论 本院生产的抗感染药物复方三黄酊具有明显的体外抑菌活性。     

头花蓼不同极性部位的抑菌活性研究

目的:研究头花蓼不同极性部位对引起泌尿系统感染等细菌的抑菌效果。方法:采用K-B纸片法,分别测定从头花蓼70%乙醇提取物中分离的7个不同极性部位的样品(A-G)对大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞杆菌、枯草杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、变形杆菌、粪肠球菌的敏感度;用液体稀释法测定A-G的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)和最低杀菌浓度(MBC)。结果:头花蓼7个极性部位(A-G)均对大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞杆菌、变形杆菌的敏感度较高,而对金黄色葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌敏感度低;A-G七个对大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞杆菌的最低和最大MBC、MIC浓度分别为0.78、6.25 mg/m L,1.56、3.12 mg/m L;0.20、3.12 mg/m L,0.39、3.12mg/m L。结论:头花蓼不同极性部位对大肠埃希菌和铜绿假单胞杆菌均具有较高的抑菌活性,抑菌强弱分别为A﹥B﹥C=D=F﹥E=G;B=C=D﹥A=F=G﹥E。     

肺感方体外抗菌活性的实验研究

目的：观察肺感方对11种临床常见病原菌的体外抗菌作用.方法：使用肉汤微量稀释法测定肺感方对不同菌株的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）及最低杀菌浓度（MBC）.结果：肺感方对标准金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、阴沟肠球菌、铅黄肠球菌的MIC分别为62.5,62.5,125,31.25,250,500 g/L,相应的MBC为：62.5,62.5,250,31.25,500,1 000 g/L;对临床分离菌株鲍曼不动杆菌（多重耐药）、铜绿假单胞菌（多重耐药）的MIC和MBC均分别为250,500 g/L;对粪肠球菌、白色念珠菌、肺炎克雷伯菌（超广谱β内酰胺酶阳性）、大肠埃希菌（超广谱β内酰胺酶阳性）无明显体外抗菌作用.结论：肺感方对金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、阴沟肠杆菌、铅黄肠球菌、鲍曼不动杆菌（多重耐药）及铜绿假单胞菌（多重耐药）具有体外抗菌作用,其中对肺炎克雷伯菌的抗菌活性最强.     

妇科活血止痛颗粒的体外抑菌作用

目的:考察妇科活血止痛颗粒的体外抑菌作用.方法:采用双倍稀释法,以妇乐颗粒为对照药,测定妇科活血止痛颗粒对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌、乙型溶血性链球菌、白色念珠菌的体外最低抑菌浓度(MIC).结果:妇科活血止痛颗粒对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、乙型溶血性链球菌、白色念珠菌的体外抑菌作用较强,对铜绿假单胞菌的体外抑菌作用稍弱.结论:妇科活血止痛颗粒对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌、乙型溶血性链球菌、白色念珠菌均具有良好的体外抑菌作用,且效果优于妇乐颗粒.     

厚朴不同部位的体外抑菌试验研究

目的探讨厚朴不同部位的体外抑菌活性。方法制备厚朴不同部位的水提物溶液;利用试管稀释法测定上述溶液对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌和铜绿假单胞菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)。结果厚朴(皮)作用最好,厚朴果实活性较低,厚朴叶居两者之间。其中厚朴(皮)对大肠埃希菌作用最强,MIC=0.125g/m L,对金黄色葡萄球菌MIC=0.25g/m L,对铜绿假单胞菌MIC=1g/m L;厚朴果实水提物在1g/m L的浓度下对金黄色葡萄球菌有一定的抑菌作用;厚朴叶水提物在1g/m L的浓度下对3种供试菌均有抑制作用。结论厚朴不同部位都有一定的抑菌活性。     

肉豆蔻挥发油体外抗病原微生物活性研究

目的 探讨肉豆蔻挥发油体外抗病原微生物活性。方法 采用琼脂平板2倍稀释法测定肉豆蔻挥发油对大肠埃希菌和金黄色葡萄球菌等16种67株临床分离菌和白假丝酵母菌14株、非白假丝酵母菌1株临床分离真菌的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）;单因素方差分析法比较肉豆蔻挥发油对金黄色葡萄球菌、白假丝酵母菌、大肠埃希菌、洛菲不动杆菌与肺炎克雷伯菌等不同种属真菌和细菌的抑菌活性。结果 肉豆蔻挥发油除对铜绿假单胞菌抑菌活性相对较低（MIC为4.25~8.50 mg/mL）外,对其余受试细菌有较强的抑菌活性（MIC为0.07~1.06 mg/mL）;肉豆蔻挥发油对白假丝酵母菌和非白假丝酵母菌均有较强的抗真菌活性,MIC分别为0.07~0.53mg/mL和0.07mg/mL。统计分析表明,肉豆蔻挥发油对白假丝酵母菌的MIC明显低于对大肠埃希菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的MIC（P〈0.01）,对肺炎克雷伯菌的抑菌活性明显强于对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌的抑菌活性（P〈0.01,P〈0.05）,对其它种属细菌之间的抑菌活性差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论 肉豆蔻挥发油具有较强的抗细菌和抗真菌活性,可用于新型抗菌药物的开发,运用前景广阔。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.