内皮型一氧化氮合酶基因多态性与原发性高血压

原发性高血压是我国发病率最高的心血管疾病,是一种多基因,多因子病。一氧化氮是重要的内皮衍化的舒张因子,很多生理性的以及药物引起的血管舒张都是通过一氧化氮途径实现的。但内皮型一氧化氮合酶基因的突变与原发性高血压的关系仍有待明确。     

内皮型一氧化氮合酶基因多态性与原发性高血压

原发性高血压是我国发病率最高的心血管疾病，是一种多基因，多因子病。一氧化氮是重要的内皮衍化的舒张因子，很多生理性的以及药物引起的血管舒张都是通过一氧化氮途径实现的。但内皮型一氧化氮合酶基因的突变与原发性高血压的关系仍有待明确。     

一氧化氮和内皮型一氧化氮合酶与妊娠高血压综合征

妊娠高血压综合征是产科严重的并发症,是引起孕产妇和围生儿死亡的主要原因之一,其病因及发病机理目前尚不十分清楚.近年,越来越多的研究表明,一氧化氮和内皮型一氧化氮合酶表达异常与妊娠高血压的发病有着密切的关系.国内外学者对此领域进行了一些大量研究,但仍存在着争议.现就一氧化氮和内皮型一氧化氮合酶与妊高征的发病关系作一综述.     

内皮型一氧化氮合酶基因Glu298Asp多态性与原发性高血压的关系

目的探讨中国大连人群eNOs基因Glu298Asp多态性与原发性高血压的关系。方法选取277名高血压患者及547名血压正常者,提取基因组DNA,使用聚合酶链反应(PCR)及限制性片段长度多态性(RFLP)分析确定eNOs Glu298Asp多态性。进行两组问的比较并使用Logistic,回归分析年龄、性别、家族史、TC、TG、BMI及基因型对高血压的影响。结果基因型频率及等位基因频率在高血压和对照组的分布无差异。高血压组氨基酸298位GG、GT、TT基因型频率分别为84．1％、14．4％、1．4％,在对照组为85．6％、13．5％、0．9％(P=O．73)。Asp等位基因的频率在高血压组及对照组分别为8．7％和7．7％,(P=0．50)。对年龄、性别和BMI及有无家族史进行亚组分析也未发现基因型的分布在各组间有差异。采用隐性遗传模型把GG和GT基因型合并,GG GT和TT基因型的分布在两组间仍未发现有显著差异(P=0．49)。Logistic回归显示年龄、BMI、家族史及饮酒是高血压发病的独立危险因素,OR值分别为1．09(P<0．001)、1．28(P<0．001)、9．53(P<0．001)和2．26(P<0．05)。结论本实验显示年龄、BMI、家族史及饮酒是高血压的独立危险因素。eNOs基因Glu298Asp突变可能不是大连人原发性高血压的主要易感基因。     

醛固酮合成酶基因启动子-344T/C多态性与青海省汉族孕妇子痫前期的相关性

目的 探讨青海省汉族孕妇子痫前期(PE)与醛固酮合成酶基因(CYP11B2)启动子区单核苷酸多态性的关系.方法 选择青海省PE患者149例,正常妊娠对照组155例,应用聚合酶链反应-限制性内切酶片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)方法,分析PE组和对照组CYP11B2-344T/C多态性分型并测序验证.结果 PE组基因型...     

内皮型一氧化氮合酶基因多态性与临床疾病

内皮型一氧化氮合酶 (e NOS)催化生成的一氧化氮 (NO)具有舒张血管、抑制血管平滑肌细胞增殖、抑制血小板和白细胞粘附等功能 ,因此 e NOS基因多态性可能与心血管等疾病的发生发展密切相关。     

内皮型一氧化氮合酶基因第7外显子894位点多态性与妊娠期高血压疾病

目的探讨内皮型一氧化氮合酶基因(endothelia n itric oxide synthase,eNOS)第7外显子894位点多态性现象与妊娠期高血压疾病(hypertensive d isorder comp licating pregnancy)的相关性及其在发病机制中的作用。方法应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性技术检测妊娠期高血压疾病患者和健康孕妇的eNOS基因第7外显子894位点多态性。对两组之间的基因型和等位基因频率进行比较。采用W estern b lot方法分别检测胎盘中eNOS蛋白含量在正常组和病例组之间、病例组中两种基因型之间是否存在表达水平的差异。结果T等位基因频率在正常孕妇组为6.87%,妊娠期高血压疾病组为23.00%(χ2=14.01,P=0.001,OR=4.05 95%可信区间为1.88~8.74),TG TT基因型频率在两组分别为13.75%和36.00%,χ2=8.79,P=0.003;OR=3.53 95%可信区间为1.49~8.33)差异有统计学意义。病例组中eNOS蛋白表达低于正常组,病例组中GG基因型组表达水平高于TG TT组(P<0.01)。结论eNOS基因第7外显子894位点多态性与妊娠期高血压疾病具有相关性,该位点的突变可引起eNOS蛋白表达降低,是引起妊娠期高血压疾病的可能机制。     

糖皮质激素受体基因G1666T多态性与原发性高血压的相关性

目的探讨糖皮质激素受体基因第4内含子基因G1666T多态性与原发性高血压(essential hypertension,EH)的关系。方法用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)分析71例正常人及48例原发性高血压患者中GR基因第4内含子变异的多态性分布情况。结果从整体来讲,不分性别,GR基因第4内含子的变异在EH与对照组之间,其基因型频率、等位基因的频率无显著性差异。而在女性,与对照组(0.46)比较,EH(0.64)等位基因G的频率明显增高(P<0.05)。结论等位基因G的频率增高可能是原发性高血压的易感基因标志。     

青海省妊娠高血压综合征患者瘦素基因启动子区G-2548 A单核苷酸的多态性

目的探讨青海省妊娠高血压综合征(PIH)与瘦素基因启动子区单核苷酸多态性的关系。方法选择青海省PIH患者130例,正常妊娠对照组135例,应用聚合酶链反应-限制性内切酶片段长度多态性(PCRRFLP)方法,分析PIH患者和对照组瘦素基因G-2548 A多态性分型并测序验证。结果 PIH组基因型频率GG型、GA型和AA型分别为53.1%、40%和6.9%,对照组分别为60%、34.1%和5.9%。PIH组和对照组瘦素基因G-2548 A位点等位基因A和G频率分布具有差异性(P0.05),妊娠高血压综合征组G等位基因频率高于对照组(χ2=4.21,P0.05,OR=0.66,95%CI=0.45~0.99)。结论青海省瘦素基因G2548位点G/A基因多态性与其妊娠高血压的易感性有关。G等位基因可能为妊娠高血压综合征的易感基因,A等位基因可能为妊娠高血压综合征的保护基因。     

内皮型一氧化氮合酶基因多态性与临床疾病

内皮型一氧化氮合酶（eNOS)催化生成的一氧化氮（NO）具有舒张血管、抑制血管平滑肌细胞增殖、抑制血小板和白细胞粘附等功能，因此eNOS基因多态性可能与心血管等疾病的发生发展密切相关。     

The association between endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene G894T polymorphism and hypertension in Han Chinese: a case-control study and an updated meta-analysis

Background: The G894T (rs1799983) polymorphism in endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS/NOS3) gene has been implicated in susceptibility to essential hypertension (EH) in some studies, but no clear consensus has been reached in the Chinese population.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the association of the G894T polymorphism and EH in Han Chinese.

Subjects and methods: First, a case-control study was performed involving 1525 subjects in northern Han Chinese to study the association between G894T variants and EH and then a meta-analysis was conducted of all available studies in Han Chinese. A total of 25 studies comprising 13?443 subjects were finally included in this meta-analysis.

Results: The present case-control study failed to show significant association of G894T variant with EH in northern Han Chinese. The subsequent meta-analysis showed that this polymorphism might be associated with EH in Han Chinese (p?p?p?=?0.12, OR?=?1.16). The meta-regression analysis suggested that the geographic difference of subjects was related to heterogeneity (p?=?0.029).

Conclusions: The relationship between the G894T polymorphism and hypertension in Han Chinese may be attributed to the difference in geographic background of subjects. It is necessary to carry out further research with a large sample size and focusing on gene–environment interactions.     

血管紧张素转换酶和血管紧张素原基因多态性及其与青海妊娠高血压疾病的相关性

目的探讨血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)和血管紧张素原(AGT)基因表达、基因多态性与青海孕产妇妊娠高血压疾病的相关性。方法选择210例妊娠高血压患者(HDCP组)和220例正常孕妇(CK组),运用限制性内切酶片段长度多态性聚合酶链反应(PCR-RFLP)方法检测AGT M235T、ACE I/D基因多态性。结果CK组ACE基因DD、ID、Ⅱ所占比例分别为28.18%、47.73%、24.09%,HDCP组分别为33.81%、51.90%、14.29%(P<0.05,故两组的ACE基因分布有差异),HDCP组和对照组ACE I/D多态性等位基因I和D频率分布有差异(P<0.05),HDCP组D等位基因频率高于对照组(χ^2=5.188,P<0.05),ACE基因型分布符合Hardy-Weinberg遗传平衡(χ^2=0.423,df=2,查表χ^2界值表,P>0.05,达到遗传平衡);CK组AGT基因MM、MT、TT所占比例分别为24.09%、43.64%、32.27%,HDCP组分别为15.71%、42.86%、41.43%(P<0.05,故两组的AGT基因分布差异有统计学意义),HDCP组和对照组AGT M235T多态性等位基因M和T频率分布有差异性(P<0.05),HDCP组T等位基因频率高于对照组(χ^2=6.796,P<0.05),AGT基因型分布符合Hardy-Weinberg遗传平衡(χ^2=3.242,df=2,查表χ^2界值表,P>0.05,达到遗传平衡)。结论ACE I/D多态性和AGT M235T多态性与青海省汉族妊娠期高血压疾病有关,D等位基因和T等位基因可能是妊娠高血压疾病的易感基因。     

亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶基因多态性与青海汉族妊娠期高血压疾病的相关性

目的 探讨亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶（MTHFR）基因-677C/T（rs1801133）多态性与青海汉族妇女妊娠期高血压疾病（HDP）的相关性。 方法 选择青海省HDP患者 139 例（HDP组）,正常妊娠孕妇 145 例（对照组）,应用限制性内切酶片段长度多态性聚合酶链反应（PCR-RFLP）方法,检测HDP组和对照组MTHFR-677C/T多态性分型并测序验证。 结果 HDP组和对照组MTHFR基因CC、CT、TT基因型频率分别为54.68%、35.25%、10.07% 和69.66%、22.06%、8.28%,CC基因型频率HDP组54.68%低于对照组69.66%（P<0.05）,CT基因型频率HDP组35.25%高于对照组22.06%（P<0.05）,而TT基因型频率HDP组和对照组之间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;HDP组和对照组MTHFR-677C/T多态性C和T等位基因频率分布有差异（P<0.05）,HDP组T等位基因频率高于对照组（χ²=5.568,P<0.05）。 结论 MTHFR基因-677C/T多态性与青海汉族HDP相关,MTHFR基因-677C/T多态性中T等位基因可能是HDP的易感基因,CT基因型为HDP的易感基因型。     

eNOS基因G894T多态性与深静脉血栓形成的相关性研究

目的探讨内皮细胞型一氧化氮合酶（eNOS）基因G894T多态性与深静脉血栓形成（DVT）的相关关系。方法利用聚合酶链反应和限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）方法,检测103例DVT患者与250例正常对照一氧化氮合酶（eNOS）基因G894T基因多态,并加以对照分析。结果DVT组GG、GT和TT基因型频率分别为83.5%,14.56%和1.94%;对照组的基因型频率分别为89.6%,10.0%和0.4%。两组基因型频率与等位基因频率比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论eNOS基因G894T多态可能不是河南汉族人群深静脉血栓形成的独立危险因素。     

内皮型一氧化氮合酶基因G894T突变与中国人冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病的相关研究

目的 探讨内皮型一氧化氮合酶（endothelial nitric oxide synthase,e NOS）基因第7外显子G894T点突变与中国人冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病（简称冠心病）发病之间的关系。方法 应用聚合酶链反应技术，限制性内切酶分析和病例－对照方法，检测了108名中国汉族正常人，106例冠心病患者的eNOS基因G894T点突变频率。比较各组间的基因型频率与等位基因频率。结果 （1）中国汉族正常人eNOS基因G894T突变GG，GT，TT基因型频率分布为0.9095,0.0883和0.0021;G,T等位基因频率分别为0．9537和0．0463。（2）冠心病及其心肌梗塞亚组eNOS基因GT＋TT型频率分别为0．2219和0．2387，与GG型相比，均显著高于正常人（P＜0．05；冠心病组及心肌梗塞亚组T等位基因频率分别为0．1179和0．1275，均极显著高于正常人（P＜0．01。（3）冠状动脉造影确诊的冠心病患者eNOS基因G894T突变频率在单支，双支和多支病变组之间差异均无显著性（P＞0．05）。结论 eNOS基因G894T突变可能是中国人冠心病遗传易感性的基因标志之一。     

Relationship between the G894T polymorphism (Glu298Asp variant) in endothelial nitric oxide synthase and nitric oxide‐mediated endothelial function in human atherosclerosis

Nitric oxide (NO), produced by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), plays important roles in normal vascular homeostasis, and reduced endothelial NO bioactivity is an important feature of vascular disease states. The Glu298Asp (G894T) polymorphic variant of eNOS has been associated with vascular disease, but functional data are lacking. Accordingly, we examined the relationships between NO‐mediated endothelial function, the presence of the eNOS Glu298Asp variant, and clinical risk factors for atherosclerosis. Endothelium‐dependent vasorelaxations to different agonists were determined in human saphenous veins obtained from patients with coronary artery disease and identified risk factors (n = 104). Patients were genotyped for the eNOS G894T polymorphism. Nitric oxide‐mediated endothelial vasorelaxations were highly variable between patients. Reduced vasorelaxations were associated with increased number of clinical risk factors for atherosclerosis (r = ? 0.54, P < 0.001), whereas the Glu298Asp variant was not associated with any differences in contractions to phenylephrine, NO‐mediated vasorelaxations to acetylcholine, bradykinin or calcium ionophore, or relaxations to the NO donor sodium nitroprusside. Increased atherosclerotic risk factors, but not the presence of the eNOS Glu298Asp variant, are associated with impaired nitric oxide‐mediated endothelial vasomotor function, suggesting that this polymorphism does not have a major direct functional effect on vascular eNOS activity in human atherosclerosis. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Association analysis of TG repeat polymorphism of the neuronal nitric oxide synthase gene with essential hypertension

The nitric oxide synthase (NOS) gene is thought to be involved in essential hypertension because nitric oxide is implicated in endothelium-mediated or nitroxidergic neuron-mediated vasodilation. Using simple tandem repeat DNA polymorphism of the neuronal constitutive NOS (nNOS) gene, we carried out an association study in patients with essential hypertension. One hundred and thirty-one patients with essential hypertension and 147 subjects with normal blood pressure were studied. Polymerase chain reaction was applied to amplify the TG repeat site in the nNOS gene, and alleles based on the TG repeat number were determined. Eight alleles were identified in this study of Japanese subjects. Overall distributions of allele frequencies in the two groups were not significantly different. Thus, the genes detected by examination of this microsatellite polymorphism in the nNOS gene are not associated with essential hypertension.     

Association analysis of CA repeat polymorphism of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene with essential hypertension in Japanese

The nitric oxide synthase (NOS) gene is thought to be associated with essential hypertension (EH), because NO is implicated in endothelium-mediated vasodilation. We investigated the possible association between the alleles of simple tandem repeat DNA polymorphism of the endothelial constitutive NOS (cNOS) gene and EH in Japanese subjects. In all, 100 patients with EH and 123 subjects with normal blood pressure were studied. Polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify the CA repeat site in the endothelial cNOS gene and alleles based on the CA repeat number were determined. The allele frequencies in the hypertensive group and normotensive group were then compared. Twenty-three alleles were identified in this study of Japanese subjects. The overall distributions of allele frequencies in the two groups were not significantly different. However, comparing the allele frequencies in the EH group without left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and the normotensive group, the overall distributions were significantly different (p = 0.019). The 33-repeat allele was found more frequently in the EH group without LVH than in the normotensive group (p = 0.000047, Odds ratio = 3.71). In conclusion, the 33-repeat allele of the endothelial cNOS gene is associated with EH without LVH, and may be a genetic marker of EH in Japanese subjects.     

Association of apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism with essential hypertension and its complications

The clinical significance of the apolipoprotein E genotype in patients with hypertension has been a subject of debate. We enrolled 94 patients with hypertension and 102 healthy controls in this study and determined their plasma levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, high- and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, apolipoprotein AI, and apolipoprotein B. The apolipoprotein E genotypes were identified by polymerase chain reaction, restriction fragment length polymorphism, and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Apolipoprotein E3/4 genotype and 4 allele frequencies in the hypertensive group were higher than in controls. In hypertensive patients with apolipoprotein E3/4 and E4/4 genotypes, systolic blood pressure was significantly higher than in those with apolipoprotein E2/3 or E3/3 genotypes. Meanwhile, the plasma levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B were higher in hypertensive patients with the .4 allele than the 2 or 3 allele. The echographic measurements of carotid artery intimal-medial thickness showed increasing values from 2 to 4 allele carriers in the hypertensive group. Analysis of variance showed that the carotid intimal-medial thickness was significantly greater in hypertensive patients with 4 alleles compared with 2 or 3 alleles. Our data show an association between apolipoprotein E genotype and hypertension and support the hypothesis that the apolipoprotein 4 allele is a susceptibility locus for systolic hypertension and carotid artery atherosclerosis. Received: 23 July 2002 / Accepted: 27 December 2002 Correspondence to Xiaotao Li