活性维生素D3在大鼠肺纤维化发生发展中的作用及对miR-29a表达的影响

目的探讨活性维生素D3[1,25(OH)2D3]在大鼠肺纤维化发生发展中的作用及对miR-29a的影响。方法 150只SD雄性大鼠随机分为纤维化发生干预组(90只)和纤维化后干预组(60只),纤维化发生干预组分为模型组Ⅰ、给药组Ⅰ和对照组Ⅰ(n=30),纤维化后干预组分为模型组Ⅱ、给药组Ⅱ和对照组Ⅱ(n=20)。模型组Ⅰ/Ⅱ和给药组Ⅰ/Ⅱ经气管注入博来霉素(5mg/kg)建立肺纤维化模型,对照组Ⅰ/Ⅱ经气管注入等体积生理盐水。给药组Ⅰ/Ⅱ分别于手术后第2天和第14天腹腔注射活性维生素D3,模型组Ⅰ/Ⅱ分别于手术后第2天和第14天腹腔注射等量的活性维生素D3溶剂(0.1%乙醇和99.9%的丙二醇),对照组Ⅰ/Ⅱ分别在术后第2天和第14天腹腔注射等量的生理盐水。各种处理均为两天1次。纤维化发生干预组分别于手术后第14天、第21天和第28天处死大鼠取材,纤维化后干预组分别于手术后第21天和第28天处死大鼠取材,各小组每个时间点10只大鼠。用Masson染色法观察各组实验大鼠肺中胶原纤维的差异,用碱水解法检测羟脯氨酸含量的变化,用实时定量PCR检测α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)、Ⅰ型胶原蛋白(Col)ⅠmRNA及miR-29a的相对表达量,用免疫组织化学方法检测α-SMA和ColⅠ蛋白质表达水平,并经图像分析进行量化。结果博来霉素处理后,第14天大鼠肺部已经出现纤维化,随着时间推移,纤维化进一步加重。模型组Ⅰ/Ⅱ和给药组Ⅰ/Ⅱ中的羟脯氨酸含量、α-SMA和ColⅠ的mRNA和蛋白质表达都明显高于对照组Ⅰ/Ⅱ,而其miR-29a表达与对照组Ⅰ/Ⅱ相比则明显减少。给药组Ⅰ/Ⅱ中miR-29a的表达与模型组Ⅰ/Ⅱ相比有所增加(P0.05)。在纤维化发生干预组中,与模型组Ⅰ相比,给药组Ⅰ在3个时间点羟脯氨酸含量、α-SMA、ColⅠ的mRNA和蛋白质表达都显著降低(P0.05),但在纤维化后干预组中的给药组Ⅱ中羟脯氨酸含量、α-SMA、ColⅠ的mRNA和蛋白质表达比模型组Ⅱ虽有所降低,但差异无显著性(P0.05)。结论活性维生素D3对大鼠肺纤维化的发生发展具有一定的抑制作用,其预防效果更好一些,并且能促进miR-29a的表达,活性维生素D3可能是通过促进miR-29a的表达来抑制肺纤维化的发生发展。     

耐力运动大鼠跟腱胶原、基质金属蛋白酶1及其抑制剂1的表达

背景：胶原是肌腱细胞外基质中的主要成分,基质金属蛋白酶是降解肌腱细胞外基质蛋白的重要蛋白酶。 目的：观察12周跑台运动对大鼠跟腱胶原、胶原Ⅰ、基质金属蛋白酶1及其抑制剂1表达的影响。 方法：将20只雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组和运动组。第1周每天运动20 min,速度由12 m/min递增至20 m/min;以后跑台速度均为20 m/min,第2周坡度为5%,时间为30 min,第3~12周坡度为10%,时间为40 min,共运动12周。对照组正常饲养。 结果与结论：末次运动后24 h取大鼠跟腱。与对照组比较,运动组大鼠跟腱前胶原Ⅰα1、基质金属蛋白酶1及其抑制剂1 mRNA的表达明显升高(P < 0.05或P < 0.01),羟脯氨酸的含量也有所增多,但与对照组比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。表明长期耐力运动可以提高跟腱中胶原的合成和降解能力。     

基质金属蛋白酶-2、3及其组织抑制剂TIMP-1在子宫内膜异位症中的表达

目的探讨基质金属蛋白酶(MMP-2、MMP-3)及其抑制剂(TIMP-1)在子宫内膜异位症发生及发展中的作用.方法采用免疫组化SP法分别测定MMP-2、MMP-3 、TIMP-1在卵巢子宫内膜异位症异位内膜60例(A组),子宫腺肌症异位内膜40例(B组),子宫肌瘤子宫内膜30例(对照组C)的表达强度.结果 A、B组中MMP-2、MMP-3的表达强度明显高于对照组(P<0.05)而TIMP-1的表达明显低于对照组(P<0.05);A、B组间MMP-2、MMP-3 、TIMP-1 的表达无明显差异(P>0.05).结论在子宫内膜异位症中MMP-2、MMP-3的过度表达及TIMP-1的低表达可能与内异症的发生与发展有关.     

红花多糖对荷瘤小鼠肿瘤组织基质金属蛋白酶-9、组织金属蛋白酶抑制剂-1mRNA表达影响的研究

目的 探讨红花多糖(safflower polysaccharide,SPS)对荷瘤小鼠肿瘤组织中基质金属蛋白酶(matrix metalloproteinases,MMP)-9、组织金属蛋白酶抑制剂1(tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase,TIMP-1)mRNA表达的影响.方法 BABL/c小鼠腋下接种S180肉瘤,腹腔注射SPS连续10 d,给药结束24 h后取肿瘤组织Real time-PCR法测MMP-9、TIMP-1 mRNA表达水平.结果 SPS低剂量组、中剂量组和高剂量组肿瘤组织中MMP-9的表达量分别是模型对照组的0.452、0.204、0.026倍,TIMP-1的表达量分别是模型对照组的3.4、5.2、10.0倍.结论 SPS能够抑制肿瘤组织中MMP-9基因的表达,促进TIMP-1基因的表达,具有抑制肿瘤及其转移的作用.     

膝关节软骨中基质金属蛋白酶13及其组织抑制剂1的表达

背景：基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂1是与基质金属蛋白酶13相对应的拮抗剂,两者间表达水平和功能活性的平衡对细胞外基质的代谢状态起着重要作用,但在DH豚鼠骨关节炎发生发展过程中,两者表达水平,尤其两者表达水平比值的变化尚不明确。 目的：探讨不同月龄DH豚鼠关节软骨中基质金属蛋白酶13、基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂1表达比值的变化及其与DH豚鼠增龄性原发骨性关节炎发病过程中软骨退变程度的关系。 方法：选取2,4,8,12月龄雌性DH各6只,取膝关节观察关节软骨的大体形态后常规脱钙、包埋、制作石蜡切片,用于VG染色行组织学观察,采用Mankin评分系统定量分析关节软骨退变情况,采用免疫组织化学方法检测膝关节软骨中基质金属蛋白酶13、基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂1表达情况,应用 Image pro-Plus 6.0软件对免疫组织化学阳性蛋白表达情况进行积分吸光度计算。线性回归分析判断Mankin评分与基质金属蛋白酶13/基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂1比值的相关性。 结果与结论：DH豚鼠2月龄膝关节软骨无关节炎表现,4 月龄出现轻度软骨退变,并随月龄增加进行性加重,Mankin评分随月龄增加逐渐增高,各组之间的差异均有显著性意义(P < 0.05)。基质金属蛋白酶13、基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂1的表达均随月龄进行性增加,两者比值与Mankin评分呈正相关性(P < 0.05)。结果提示DH豚鼠4月龄出现膝关节软骨退行性变化,随月龄增加而进行性加重,其病理改变与基质金属蛋白酶13/基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂1表达失衡有关。 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程全文链接：     

胸腺上皮肿瘤组织中基质金属蛋白酶-2活性与Ⅰ型膜型基质金属蛋白酶 mRNA表达的相关性

目的探讨胸腺瘤和胸腺癌中基质金属蛋白酶（MMP）-2、Ⅰ型膜型（MT1）-MMP、金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂（TIMP）-2mRNA的表达和MMP-2蛋白活性的关系。方法分别用real-time逆转录．聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR,Taqman法）、明胶酶谱法和Filmin situ gelatin-Zymography（FIZ）对正常的胸腺组织（2例）、胸腺瘤（12例）和胸腺癌（2例）患者的新鲜肿瘤组织中MMP-2、MT1-MMP、TIMP-2mRNA的表达,pro-MMP-2的活性率及活性蛋白的定位进行测定。结果MMP-2、MT1-MMP及TIMP-2mRNA在Ⅰ期与Ⅱ期和Ⅲ期与Ⅳ期中的表达差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,在Ⅰ～Ⅱ期与Ⅲ～Ⅳ期和胸腺癌3组中差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。在AB、B1型（混合型和淋巴细胞为主型）与B2、B3型（皮质型和多角细胞为主型）以及胸腺癌3组中差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。MMP-2的蛋白活性率（MMP-2／pro—MMP-2＋MMP-2）在Ⅰ～Ⅱ期、Ⅲ～Ⅳ期和胸腺癌各组中差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,在AB、B1型与B2、B3型以及胸腺癌各组中的差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。胸腺瘤各期及各型中MT1-MMP、TIMP-2mRNA与MMP-2蛋白活性表达均呈正相关,且相关程度相似（r=0．7235、r=0．7647、P〈0．005）。MMP-9的蛋白表达在各组间差异均无统计学意义。结论MMP-2、MT1-MMP及TIMP-2的mRNA表达与胸腺瘤临床分期、病理分型相关,MMP-2的活性与MT1-MMP和TIMP-2的表达升高正相关。推测MT1-MMP通过TIMP-2对MMP-2的激活起促进作用。     

椎间盘退变患者血清及髓核组织中基质金属蛋白酶1及抑制剂1的表达

BACKGROUND:Matrix metalloproteinases are now generally considered to be able to degrade all extracellular matrices. Hypersecretion of matrix metalloproteinases or reduction in tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases leads to destruction of the dynamic balance of extracellular matrix. OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 in the pathogenesis and progression of intervertebral disc degeneration. METHODS: A total of 60 patients with intervertebral disc degeneration were included. Mild, moderate, and severe degeneration signals appeared on MRI imaging of the patients. Meanwhile, 20 patients with vertebral fracture, mainly cervical spine fracture, were selected as the control group. Venous blood samples were collected before the surgery; the intervertebral disc specimens were sequentially collected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Serum and tissue levels of matrix metalloproteinase-1 in patients with intervertebral disc degeneration were significantly increased compared with the control group (P < 0.05), and furthermore those were significantly increased in patients with severe disc degeneration compared with patients with mild and moderate disc degeneration (P < 0.05). However, serum and tissue levels of tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases did not differ significantly between the disc degeneration and control groups (P > 0.05). These results indicate that hypersecretion of matrix metalloproteinase-1 occurs in patients with intervertebral disc degeneration; however, the expression of tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 is not correlated with intervertebral disc degeneration. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病模型大鼠肺组织基质金属蛋白酶9及组织金属蛋白酶抑制剂1与固本颗粒胶囊

背景:中医药防治慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD)的有效性和安全性已初步得到临床认证。 目的：观察COPD模型大鼠肺组织中基质金属蛋白酶9及其特异性抑制物组织金属蛋白酶抑制剂1表达与固本颗粒胶囊干预的影响。 方法：将50只Wistar大鼠随机等分为5组,除正常组外,其余大鼠均以烟熏及气管内滴注脂多糖的方式建立COPD模型。造模   29 d,泼尼松组、固本颗粒胶囊低、高剂量组分别灌胃给予醋酸泼尼松            1.04 mg/(kg•d),固本颗粒胶囊0.47,0.94 g/(kg•d),1次/d,观察记录大鼠的一般状况。免疫组织化学方法检测大鼠肺组织中基质金属蛋白酶9及组织金属蛋白酶抑制剂1的表达。 结果与结论：COPD大鼠肺组织中基质金属蛋白酶9及组织金属蛋白酶抑制剂1的表达显著增强(P < 0.05)。药物干预后,COPD大鼠的一般状况明显改善,肺组织中基质金属蛋白酶9及组织金属蛋白酶抑制剂1的表达有所降低;其中,醋酸泼尼松的作用最为显著,固本颗粒高剂量次之,低剂量最弱。说明固本颗粒胶囊能以剂量依赖的方式缓解COPD大鼠的临床表现,改善气道重塑,纠正COPD大鼠体内蛋白酶和抗蛋白酶失衡。     

活性维生素D3对大鼠肺纤维化中蛋白激酶D1介导的抗氧化通路的影响

目的:探讨肺纤维化发生发展中蛋白激酶D1(PKD1)介导的线粒体抗氧化通路的作用以及活性维生素D3在纤维化过程中对该通路的影响。方法:雄性SD大鼠随机分成对照组、模型组和治疗组。应用实时荧光定量PCR和免疫组织化学分别从mRNA和蛋白质水平检测大鼠肺组织中PKD1、核转录因子(NF-κB)和锰超氧化物歧化酶(MnSOD)的表达。结果:在第14天,治疗组和模型组中PKD1、NF-κB和MnSOD的表达量都显著低于对照组,而治疗组中3种因子的表达量又明显高于模型组;在第21天,3种因子在模型组和治疗组中的表达量明显高于对照组。在第28天,3种因子在模型组和治疗组中的表达量与对照组相比两两之间均没有差异。结论:PKD1-MnSOD线粒体抗氧化通路在博莱霉素引起的大鼠肺纤维化早期发挥重要作用,活性维生素D3能够上调这一抗氧化通路,具有一定的抗氧化作用,对大鼠肺纤维化的发生发展具有一定的抑制作用。     

大鼠肺纤维化中肺泡Ⅱ型上皮细胞基质金属蛋白酶-2和膜型基质金属蛋白酶 mRNA的表达

在肺纤维化形成过程的不同阶段分离和提取肺泡Ⅱ型上皮细胞 ,应用逆转录 聚合酶链反应 (ＲＴ ＰＣＲ)方法 ,对不同时期细胞内基质金属蛋白酶 2 (ＭＭＰ 2 )及膜型基质金属蛋白酶 (ＭＴ1 ＭＭＰ)ｍＲＮＡ进行定量研究 ,探讨ＭＭＰ 2和ＭＴ1 ＭＭＰ在肺间质纤维化过程中的来源、动态变化及其作用。一、材料与方法1 动物分组 :清洁级ＳＤ大鼠 (雄性 ,体重 16 0～ 2 0 0ｇ ,复旦大学医学院动物部 ) 5 0只 ,随机分为 10组。 5组为实验组 ,气管内注入博莱霉素Ａ5 (天津市太河制药有限公司 ) 1 5ｍｇ/只 (溶于 0 2ｍｌ生理盐水 ) ;另 5组为对照组 …     

肺间质纤维化大鼠肺组织基质金属蛋白酶及其组织抑制因子含量变化

观察肺纤维化形成过程中基质金属蛋白酶（Matrix Metallo proteinas简称MMPs)及其组织抑制因子（Tissue inhibitors of Metallo proteinases简称TIMPs)含量的变化,探讨其在肺纤维化发病中的作用。将Wistar大鼠60只,随机均分为对照组及模型组,气管内注入博莱霉素A5 5mg/kg,制备肺间质纤维化动物模型,观察注药后1、3、7、14及28d肺脏病理变化,利用酶谱法及免疫印记法分析肺组织MMP－2、MMP－9、TIMP－1的含量变化。结果显示各模型组pro-MMP-2、MMP－2、TIMP－1蛋白含量均较对照组增加,尤其7、14及28d组MMP－2较前明显增多。而MMP－9变化不很明显。提示在肺纤维化形成过程中,pro-MMP-2、MMP－2及TIMP－1都有所增高,MMP／TIMP比例失衡是最终导致肺间质纤维化形成的重要因素。     

Immunohistochemical and gelatin zymography studies for matrix metalloproteinases in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis

The role of various matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and tissue Inhibitor of metalloprotelnases-2 (TIMP-2), and the gelatholytic activities of MMP involved in the process of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rabbits were Investigated. Male Japanese white rabbits were intubated with tracheal tubes under anesthesia, and bleomycin hydrochloride in sterile saline or only sterile saline was administered through the tracheal tubes. The animals were killed 1, 3, 7, 14 and 28 days after the administration of bleomycln ( n = 3) or saline ( n = 2). Light microscopic lmmunohistochemlstry for MMP-1 (interstitial collagenase), MMPP (gelatinase A), MMP-9 (gelatinase B) and TIMP-2 was performed. The gelatinolytic activities of lung tissue homogenates were studied by gelatin zymography. In the early stages, the gelatholytic activity of MMP-9 was predominant. MYP-9 localized in the infiltrating neutrophils, macrophages, bronchial and bronchiolar epithelial cells. The alveolar epithelial basement membrane was frequently disrupted in the early stages, where MMP-9 possibly contributed to the disruption. In the late stages, the gelatinolytic activities of the latent and active forms of MMP-2 were predominant, and MMPP localized in the regenerated alveolar epithelial cells in addition to the bronchial epithelial cells. MMP-2, especially its active form, possibly plays a role in alveolar epithelial cell regeneration. The localization of MMP-1 was similar to that of MMP-9. TIMP-2 localized in the epithelial cells and in some fibroblasts in fibro tic lesions. TIMP-2 possibly plays a role in extracellular matrix deposition in balance with MMP.     

Serum matrix metalloproteinase and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase concentrations in infertile women achieved pregnancy following IVF-ET

PROBLEM: Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP) play important roles throughout various stages of pregnancy, including embryo implantation, trophoblastic invasion, placentation in early gestation, and cervical dilatation in later gestation, and feto-maternal membrane lysis. It would be beneficial if assessment of serum concentrations of MMP and TIMP could predict successful implantation following in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET). This study was performed to compare serum MMP and TIMP concentrations between patients with and without the establishment of pregnancy following ET. METHOD OF STUDY: Ten patients who conceived and 10 patients who did not after IVF-ET were entered in the present study. Only intra-uterine single pregnancies with uneventful courses to term were included in the study subjects. Blood samples were obtained at 7, 14 and 21 days after oocyte retrieval. Serum concentrations of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, and TIMP-1 were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. These variables were compared with estradiol (E(2)), progesterone (P(4)), and betahCG levels in the patients' sera. Clinical pregnancies were diagnosed only when fetal heartbeat was visualized on ultrasound. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in serum MMP concentrations between the pregnant group and the non-pregnant group. However, serum TIMP-1 concentrations on Days 14 and 21 in the pregnant group were significantly higher than those in non-pregnant group [Day 14: 223.1 +/- 11.9 versus 177.5 +/- 20.6 ng/mL (P = 0.004); Day 21: 215.4 +/- 27.8 versus 181.5 +/- 27.4 ng/mL (P = 0.03)]. Serum TIMP-1 concentrations were also correlated with serum E(2) and P(4) levels (P < 0.0001), but not with those of the MMPs. None of MMP nor TIMP-1 were correlated with serum betahCG level. CONCLUSIONS: It was demonstrated that the patients who successfully conceived after IVF-ET showed significantly higher levels of TIMP-1 at 14 and 21 days after IVF-ET, but not at day 7; further work will be required to determine if serum TIMP-1 can be used to improve prediction of pregnancy outcome in these patients.     

Differential expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 and TIMP-2 in non-melanoma skin cancer: implications for tumour progression

AIMS: To investigate the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 and TIMP-2 in non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) and to compare their expression between different tumour types and with clinicopathological factors. METHODS AND RESULTS: A study of 11 normal skin, 29 Bowen's disease (BD), 40 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and 38 basal cell carcinoma (BCC) samples for MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 expression was carried out using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. The expression of all metalloproteinases was greater in tumours than in normal skin. MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression was more extensive in the stroma of SCC than of BCC or BD. TIMP-1 expression was greater in the stroma of BCC than of SCC or BD and TIMP-2 expression was greater in the stroma of SCC than of BD. There was a correlation between increased metalloproteinase expression and depth of lesion (MMP-2 and TIMP-2), inflammation (MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2) and microvessel density (MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-2). CONCLUSIONS: MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 play an important role in the pathogenesis of non-melanoma skin cancer, but differ significantly in their expression levels between the tumour types examined. The immunoexpression of these proteins may be useful indicators of cutaneous cancer invasion and progression.     

内皮素-1对人系膜细胞表达MMP-3及TIMP-1的影响

目的研究内皮素-1(ET-1)对人系膜细胞(MC)基质金属蛋白酶-3(MMP-3)及其组织抑制剂-1(TIMP-1)表达的影响。方法采用体外MC培养,应用细胞ELISA法测定MC内MMP-3、TIMP-1蛋白的表达。结果ET-1促进MC内MMP-3、TIMP-1蛋白表达,但MMP-3/TIMP-1比值呈剂量及时间依赖性下降。结论ET-1可能是人系膜细胞内MMP-3/TIMP-1比值下降的原因之一,这与肾小球细胞外基质降解受抑密切相关。     

Relationship between matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2, MMP-9, tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 and IL-5, IL-8 in nasal polyps

BACKGROUND: Nasal polyps (NP), a subgroup of chronic rhinosinusitis, are characterized by interleukin 5 (IL-5) mediated infiltration of eosinophils in sinus mucosa, leading to pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium, thickening of the epithelial basement membrane and tissue edema. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) constitute a large group of Zn2+ dependent endopeptidases with the ability to degrade extracellular matrix and are possibly responsible for the development of tissue edema in chronic sinusitis. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the expression of MMP-2, MMP-9 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) mRNA and to locate the distribution of MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 by immunohistochemistry in ethmoid sinus mucosa in NP. Furthermore the correlation between IL-5 or IL-8 and MMP-2, MMP-9 or TIMP-1 is examined. METHODS: Nasal polyps of 33 patients and 18 specimens of inferior turbinate mucosa were examined by real time RT-PCR for MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, IL-5 and IL-8 mRNA expression. Immunohistochemical labeling for MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 was performed. RESULTS: Differences between both locations were detectable for MMP-9 (P < 0.001) and IL-5 (P=0.003) but not for MMP-2 (P=0.278), TIMP-1 (P=0.515) and IL-8 (P=0.386). Correlation was detected only between TIMP-1 and IL-5 (r=0.422, P =0.014). Cytoplasmic staining of MMP-2 was present in the apical part of the ciliated cells, submucosal glands and in smooth muscle cells. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 was expressed in surface epithelium, in seromucous glands and in polymorphonuclear cells. CONCLUSIONS: Expression of MMP-9 and IL-5 mRNA are associated with NP. The correlation between IL-5 and TIMP-1 indicates the role of TIMP-1 in maintaining the homeostasis in NP.     

Kinetics of matrix metalloproteinases and their regulatory factorsin mercuric chloride-induced tubulointerstitial fibrosisin Brown Norway rats

We investigated the kinetics of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their regulatory factors mRNAs in the kidneys of mercuric chloride-treated Brown Norway rats. The expression of MMP-1 mRNA remained at lower levels than control, while other MMPs mRNAs were upregulated. The expression of tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 mRNA showed significant upregulation. On the other hand, the expressions of TIMP-2 and TIMP-3 mRNAs were not significantly changed. In the plasmin-dependent pathway, the expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) mRNA was continuously increased, while the expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) mRNA was not increased. The signals of TIMP-1 and PAI-1 mRNAs examined by in situ hybridization, were localized in the regenerative epithelial cells of the proximal tubules. In conclusion, these findings suggest that the activity of MMPs may bealtered by MMP-1 downregulation and inhibition of MMP activity by PAl-1 and TIMP-1 generated from tubular epithelial cells.     

Matrix metalloproteinases 2, 3, 13 and their type 2 tissue inhibitor in tumors and plasma of patients with colorectal cancer

Enzyme immunoassay studies revealed increased content of matrix metalloproteinases 2, 3 and 13 in tumors compared to the adjacent histologically unchanged mucosa in 70–90% patients with colorectal cancer, while the increase in the content of type 2 metalloproteinase tissue inhibitor did not reach the level of statistic significance. Plasma concentrations of these proteins did not correlate with the corresponding values in the tumors and did not surpass the normal levels, while their decrease after removal of the primary tumor was observed only in patients with initially high levels of this parameter. __________ Translated from Byulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 145, No. 3, pp. 337–341, March, 2008