晚期原发性肝癌患者血清PCR－HBV DNA的意义

目的：为进一步研究ＨＢＶ感染与原发性肝细胞癌的关系．方法：ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测血清中ＨＢｓＡｇ，ＨＢｅＡｇ，抗－ＨＢｅ，抗－ＨＢｃ和抗－ＨＢｓ；ＰＣＲ检测血清ＨＢＶＤＮＡ．结果：３７例晚期原发性肝癌患者血清ＨＢ－ｓＡｇ，ＨＢｅＡｇ，抗－ＨＢｅ和抗－ＨＢｃ阳性者分别为１７例（４５．９５％），４例（１０．８１％），１６例（４３．２４％）和９例（２４．３２％），而抗－ＨＢｓ全部阴性．聚合酶链式反应检测ＨＢＶＤＮＡ，１８例（４８．６９％）阳性，非常显著地高于ＨＢｅＡｇ检出率（Ｐ＜０．０１）．抗－ＨＢｅ阳性中有７例ＰＣＲ－ＨＢＶＤＮＡ阳性．ＨＢＶ总感染率８９．１９％．结论：提示原发性肝癌发生与ＨＢＶ感染有关．     

慢性HBV感染血清HBV DNA五项指标及肝病理之间的相关性分析

用ＰＣＲ检测了ＨＢＶ标志不同状态１０２例，均经肝活检诊断，其中慢性迁延性肝炎（ＣＰＨ）７４例，慢性活动性肝炎（ＣＡＨ）２１例，肝组织正常７例。结果：ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性率ＣＡＨ为８５．７％，显著高于ＣＰＨ４７．３％（Ｐ〈０．０１）；抗－ＨＢｓ阳性率ＣＰＨ为１８．９％，明显高于ＣＡＨ４．７％。ＰＣＲ血清ＨＢＶ ＤＮＡ总阳性率分别为ＣＰＨ８３．８％、ＣＡＨ８５．７％。在抗－ＨＢｅ阳性的血清ＨＢＶ ＤＮＡ检出     

乙型病毒性肝炎的基因诊断

对１２０例乙肝病毒（ＨＢＶ）感染者血清中ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ用ＰＣＲ技术进行检测，结果表明，ＰＣＲ法的敏感性阳性检出率７５．８％，明显高于ＥＬＩＳＡ法（ＨＢｓＡｇ、ＨＢｅＡｇ和ＨＢＣＡｂ）的阳性率分别为６１％、３８％和６２％）；ＰＣＲ检测ＨＢｓＡｇ和ＨＢＡｂ一血清的ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ，阳性率分别为２６％、５２％和２４％，ＰＣＲ检测三者均为阳性血清的ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ，阳性率为１００％慢性迁延肝炎、慢性活动性肝炎     

PCR与ELISA法检测乙肝血清标志物对比分析

用ＰＣＲ技术检测４８例肝病患者，５５例非肝病患者血清ＨＢＶＤＮＡ，ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测其血清五项标志物，肝病组ＰＣＲ阳性率为３１．３％，非肝病组ＰＣＡ阳性率为１１．４％。ＨＢｓＡｇ、ＨＢｃＡｂ阳性组ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ１００％阳性；ＨＢｓＡｇ、ＨＢｃＡｂ阳性、ＨＢｅＡｂ阳性或阴性组ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ阳性５０％；单项ＨＢｓＡｂ阳性组ＨＢＶＤＮＡ阳性２０％；五项标志物全阴ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ阳性４．７％。结果表明，ＰＣＲ技术特异性强、敏感度高，但两种方法各有所长，不宜取代。     

应用PCR和ELISA两种方法检测HBV的对比分析

用ＰＣＲ和ＥＬＩＳＡ两种方法同时检测了３９７例含有ＨＢＶ．ＤＮＡ免疫标志物一项以上阳性的乙肝病人血清和５０例正常人血清，结果在３９７例具有一项以上阳性的ＨＢＶ免疫标志物血清中，有１８６例在ＰＣＲ法检出ＨＢＶ．ＤＮＡ阳性，为４６．９％，正常人全部为阴性，按ＨＢＳＡｇ阴性，阳性分组，则ＨＢＳＡｇ阳性２９９例，ＰＣＲ检出ＨＢＶ．ＤＮＡ阳性１７１例，阳性率为５７．２％，ＨＢＳＡｇ阴性９８例，ＰＣＲ检出ＨＢ     

聚合酶链反应在乙型肝炎病毒感染诊断中的意义

用ＰＣＲ法检测１６６例乙型肝炎病毒感染者血清ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ。结果显示：ＨＢｓＡｇ、ＨＢｅＡｇ、抗－ＨＢｃ阳性，ＨＢｓＡｇ、抗－ＨＢｅ、抗－ＨＢｃ阳性和ＨＥｂＡｇ阳性组，ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ阳性率分别为９６．２％、２８．６％、９３．５％、ＨＢｓＡｇ单项阳性者中，检出ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ阳性７８例（孕妇占１９．２％），阳性率８１．３％。另外，在２０例血清标志物全部阴性对照组中发现ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ阳性１例，阳性率５．     

PCR法检测HBVDNA及其人与乙肝病毒标志物关系

目的：了解乙型肝炎患者血清中乙肝病毒ＤＮＡ（ＨＢＶＤＮＡ）的检出情况，搪塞其与乙肝病毒标志物的关系。方法：采用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）技术检测２５６例乙型肝炎患者血清中ＨＢＶＤＮＡ，同时用ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测乙肝病毒五项标志物，好ＨＢＡｇ、抗－ＨＢｓ、ＢＨｅＡｇ、抗－ＨＢｅ。结果：ＨＢＶＤＮＡ的检出率在肝炎患者各临床类型之间无明显差异，而在乙肝病毒五项标志物不同组合存在状态之间差异，以伴有ＨＢｅＡｇ（＿     

用聚合酶链反应检测乙肝患者血清中的HBV－DNA

用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）检测了１１４例传染科门诊病人血清ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ，并与ＨＢＶ有关的血清学标志（ＨＢＶＭ）进行了比较。结果表明：在９２和ＪＨＢｓＡｇ（＋）病例中，ＰＣＲ检测ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ阳性者５０例，占５４．３４％；在２８例ＨＢｅＡｇ（＋）病例中，ＰＣＲ检测ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ阳性者２６例，占９２．８６％；在２０例ＨＢＶＭ均为阴性的病例中，ＰＣＲ检测ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ阳性者有６例，占３０．００％。证明ＰＣＲ法检测ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ较用ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测抗原一抗体更加灵敏、可靠。     

应用PCR技术及ELISA法检测HBV的结果分析

本文报道用酶联免疫吸附法（ＥＬＩＳＡ）及聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）技术检测６４６例似肝火患者血清乙肝病毒标志物（ＨＢＶ－Ｍ）－乙肝二对半及乙肝病毒ＤＮＡ（ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ）的分析结果。用ＥＬＩＳＡ法检出ＨＢｓＡｇ（＋），ＨＢｅＡｇ（＋）及ＨＢｅＡｇ（＋）ＨＢｃＡｂ（＋）这两种模式ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ（＋）检出率分别高达９５．６％（４４／４６）及９１．１％（１２３／１３５），在虽然有ＨＢｓＡｇ（＋）出现，无（或     

PCR法检测HBVDNA及其与乙肝病毒标志物关系探讨

采用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）法检测２５６例乙型肝炎患者血清中乙肝病毒ＤＮＡ （ＨＢ－ＶＤＮＡ），同时用ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测乙肝病毒标志物，即ＨＢｓＡｇ，抗－ＨＢｓ，ＨＢｅＡｇ，抗－ＨＢｅ，结果表明ＨＢＶＤＮＡ的检出率与肝病临床类型无明显关系，而与乙肝病毒标志物的存在状态有关。乙肝五项病毒标志物不同组合状态，血清ＨＢＶＤＮＡ检出率不同，以ＨＢｓＡｇ（＋），抗－ＨＢｃ（＋），ＨＢｅＡｇ（＋）的组合形式检出率     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.