保留盆腔自主神经的全直肠系膜切除术对直肠癌患者术后排尿功能和性功能的影响

为探讨保留盆腔自主神经（PANP）的全直肠系膜切除术对直肠癌患者术后排尿功能及性功能的影响,回顾分析52例男性DukesA、B期直肠癌患者资料,其中21例行单纯的全直肠系膜切除术（TME,对照组）,27例行PANP的TME（治疗组）,对比分析两组患者术后自主排尿情况、膀胱残余尿量及性功能情况。结果显示,治疗组患者术后排尿障碍和术后性功能障碍的发生率显著低于对照组,P〈0．05。结果表明,PANP的TME能较好地保留直肠癌患者术后排尿功能和性功能。     

腹腔镜全直肠系膜切除术中保留盆腔自主神经对术后男性患者性功能的影响

目的:对比腹腔镜及开腹全直肠系膜切除术中保留盆腔自主神经对男性患者术后性功能的影响。方法:回顾分析2011年6月至2015年6月92例直肠癌根治术(均行Dixon术)患者的临床资料,其中45例行腹腔镜下保留盆腔自主神经的全直肠系膜切除术(腹腔镜组),47例开腹行保留盆腔自主神经的全直肠系膜切除术(开腹组),对比两组患者术后勃起功能障碍、射精功能障碍发生率及术后1年盆腔局部复发情况。结果:术后1、3、6个月,开腹组勃起功能障碍、射精功能障碍发生率明显高于腹腔镜组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);术后12个月后,两组差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。1年后两组患者盆腔局部复发率差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:腹腔镜全直肠系膜切除术中保留盆腔自主神经在达到与开腹手术相同的根治效果的基础上,术后早期(6个月内)患者性功能恢复效果更好,且于术后12个月达到与开腹手术相同的保护患者性功能的效果,明显改善了男性患者的术后生活质量,具有较高的临床应用价值。     

保留盆腔自主神经的腹腔镜全直肠系膜切除术治疗男性中低位直肠癌

为探讨保留盆腔自主神经的腹腔镜全直肠系膜切除术（TME）治疗男性中低位直肠癌的可行性和手术路径,回顾分析42例腹腔镜下行保留盆腔自主神经的TME的男性中低位直肠癌患者资料。结果显示,全组无中转开腹,手术时间120～285min,平均（217．1±53．9）min;出血量5～550ml,中位数65（32～100）ml。切除淋巴结2～38枚,平均（12．0±5．0）枚。肛门排气时间为1～7d,平均（3．3±0．9）d。可下地行走时间为2～4d,平均（2．5±0．4）d。术后住院时间为8～54d,平均（14．9±6．1）d。术后并发症总发生率为28．6％。随访6～42个月,中位随访时间为20（16．3～31．8）个月,随访率92．9％（39／42）。全组除5例出现短期（1个月内）尿潴留外,均无远期排尿功能障碍;2例出现射精功能障碍,1例出现勃起功能障碍。全组无手术死亡病例,1例出现骨转移,现带瘤生存。结果表明,保留盆腔自主神经的腹腔镜TME治疗男性中低位直肠癌在技术上是安全可行的,且具有视野清楚、准确解剖定位的优势。     

腹腔镜直肠癌全直肠系膜切除术

结直肠癌是严重危害人类健康的常见恶性肿瘤。我国结直肠癌的发病率约为3.1/10万～10.7/10万,直肠癌所占比例可达70%,其中中低位直肠癌的比例可达70%～80%。20世纪末全直肠系膜切除(TME)的概念被逐渐接受并引入到直肠癌的手术治疗,使直肠癌的根治效果有了明显提高。与此同时,由于器械吻合技术的发展,解决了盆腔内低位肠吻合的问题,直肠癌保肛手术已经逐渐发展成为     

保留盆腔自主神经的全直肠系膜切除术对中、低位直肠癌患者术后排尿和性功能的影响

目的:探讨保留盆腔自主神经的全直肠系膜切除术后患者排尿及性功能的变化。方法:行保留盆腔自主神经(PANP)加全直肠系膜切除术(TME)的中、低位DukesB期的直肠癌患者38例作为研究组,同期行TME的DukesB期患者35例作为对照组。研究组中低位前切除(LAR)21例,经腹会阴联合切除(APR)17例;对照组中LAR20例,APR15例。观察并比较二组患者术前后排尿、性功能之变化。结果:研究组与对照组术后排尿功能障碍发生率分别为15.7%(6/38)与40%(14/35)(P=0.013);研究组LAR与APR组性功能障碍发生率分别为9.5%(2/21)、29.4%(5/17),总的性功能障碍率为18.4%(7/38);对照组中分别为35%(7/20)、73.3%(11/15)和51.4%(18/35),研究组性功能障碍发生率明显低于对照组(P=0.002)。结论:Dukes B期患者行保留盆自主神经的全直肠系膜切除术能明显降低术后排尿、性功能障碍的发生率,提高患者术后生活质量。     

腹腔镜超声刀联合应用下直肠癌全直肠系膜切除术

目的 介绍在腹腔镜下联合应用超声刀行直肠癌全系膜切除术。方法 在腹膜镜下联合超声刀进行直肠癌全系膜切除术（TME）3例，术中循盆筋膜壁层和脏层的界面，在自主神经干的内侧进行，用超声刀锐性解剖切除直肠系膜，产生一个不间断的整体标本。结果 3例患者恢复良好，术中无脏器损伤，平均出血量100ml。术后均未使用止痛药，肠道功能恢复均在24小时之内，住院时间平均为10．3天。4个月后随访，生存质量良好，无复发和转移。结论 腹腔镜下进行TME手术是微创外科运用于直肠癌的新进展，较传统开腹手术有一定的优势，但技术要求高，费用较贵。     

腹腔镜直肠癌全直肠系膜切除术90列报告

目的 评价腹腔镜全直肠系膜切除术的临床疗效.方法 回顾分析2007年4月至2012年4月90例腹腔镜全直肠系膜切除术患者的临床资料.结果 82例用腹腔镜完成手术,手术时间180 ～ 260 min,平均205 min,术中平均出血150 ml,清除淋巴结总数平均为15个.术后均无严重并发症发生,随访1～4年,无肿瘤复发,穿刺部位及造瘘口均无肿瘤种植.结论 腹腔镜全直肠系膜切除术具有较高的实用价值,在严格掌握手术适应证、不断提高手术技巧的基础上,腹腔镜直肠癌全直肠系膜切除术是可行的.     

腹腔镜下直肠癌全直肠系膜切除术

目的 探讨腹腔镜下行直肠癌全直肠系膜切除根治术的临床效果。方法 对38例直肠腺癌患者采用腹腔镜下联合应用超声刀循盆筋膜壁层和脏层的间隙行锐性游离全直肠系膜,切除一个不间断的直肠整体标本,并对全组病例随访2年余。结果 38例患者手术顺利,无中转开腹,术后排便、排气时间平均为32h,术后平均住院天数为7．5d。术后随访至今,38例患者均无腹部穿刺口种植,其中2例出现局部复发(1例伴肝转移)。38例患者均无排尿困难,6例患者有性功能减退。结论 腹腔镜下行直肠癌全直肠系膜切除术手术既能有效降低术后局部复发率和保护盆腔自主神经功能,又具有微创优点,值得临床推广。     

保留自主神经全直肠系膜切除与直肠癌根治术后局部复发关系

目的：比较保肛与非保肛术应用全直肠系膜切除（TME）加保留自主神经术（ANP）的局部复发率（LRR）差异及影响因素。方法：172例直肠癌分两组（Dixon组123例与Miles组50例），按Heald及Havenga法行TME及ANP。结果：①Dixon组与Miles组的总局部复发率分别为4．8％（6／123）与18．0（9／50），P＜0．05；Dixon组内从A期到D期的LRR分别为0％（0／25），2．9％（／34）、7．7％（4／25）及8．3％（1／7），其百分率趋势检验有显著差异，P＜0．05。②1997年以前Miles组的LRR为36．8％（7／19），显著高于1997年以后Miles组的6．5％（2／31），P＜0．05；前者与Dixon组的LRR4．8％比有极显著差异，P＜0．001，后者与Dixon组比无显著差异，P＞0．05。结论：TME加ANP是降低两类直肠癌根治术后LRR重要因素。     

腹腔镜直肠癌全直肠系膜切除术质控要点

正大肠癌发病率呈逐年增高趋势,其发病率位居国内第3位,死亡率居第5位,其中直肠癌约占半数以上~([1])。Heald等~([2])提出全直肠系膜切除(total mesenrectal excision,TME)的概念,提高了直肠癌的根治效果,已经成为公认的直肠癌手术准则。TME是指直视下在盆腔筋膜脏层和壁层间锐性分离,保持盆筋膜脏层的完整;肿瘤远端直肠系膜的切除≥5 cm,肠管切除≥2 cm,此外,也应包括血管高位结扎和根部淋巴结清扫。随着腹腔镜直肠癌手术的普及,多学科诊疗模式     

直肠癌TME术中保留盆腔自主神经对男性性功能及排尿功能的影响

目的探讨直肠全系膜切除术(TME)中保留盆腔自主神经(PANP)对术后男性患者性功能及排尿功能的影响。方法回顾性分析我院2008年1月至2010年10月期间行直肠癌根治术的84例患者临床资料,根据不同的手术方式分为PANP+TME组(n=41)和TME组(n=43),对2组患者术后排尿及性功能障碍发生率和局部复发率情况进行比较。结果 PANP+TME组与TME组患者术后勃起功能障碍发生率分别为29.3%(12/41)和76.7%(33/43),射精功能障碍发生率为26.8%(11/41)和79.1%(34/43),排尿障碍发生率分别为24.4%(10/41)和79.1%(34/43),2组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。PANP+TME组和TME组术后局部复发率分别为9.8%(4/41)和11.6%(5/43),2组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论直肠癌在TME基础上行PANP可以降低男性患者术后排尿和性功能障碍的发生率,且并不增加术后肿瘤局部复发率。     

直肠癌全系膜切除术中保留自主神经的临床效果分析

目的探讨直肠癌全系膜切除术(total mesorectal excision,TME)中保留自主神经和保肛手术的临床效果。方法回顾性分析1999年1月至2005年12月收治的160例男性中低位直肠癌患者的临床资料,随机分成2组:A组86例,行TME并保留自主神经;B组74例,行TME,不保留自主神经,比较两组的性功能、局部复发率和生存率。结果A、B组术后排尿功能障碍率分别为12.8%和59.5%,性功能障碍率分别为66.3%和93.2%,两组比较有统计学差异(P<0.01)。A、B组术后局部复发率、5年生存率及吻合口瘘的发生率分别为8.1%vs.6.8%,61.6%vs.59.5%,8.1%vs.8.1%,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在直肠癌TME的基础上保留自主神经,既保证了手术根治,局部复发率不增加,同时降低病人术后性功能障碍和排尿功能障碍发生率,可提高病人的生存质量。     

直肠癌根治术中保留盆腔自主神经对男性性功能和排尿功能的影响

目的探讨直肠癌根治术中保留盆腔自主神经对男性性功能和排尿功能的影响。方法110例男性直肠癌患者行保留盆腔自主神经的直肠癌根治术,Dukes A期48例完全保留自主神经(Ⅰ型),Dukes B期53例保留双侧盆神经丛(Ⅱ型),Dukes C期9例保留一侧盆神经丛(Ⅲ型)。结果Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ型患者在性功能和排尿功能方面的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),局部复发率分别为2.08%,11.32%和22.22%,其差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),总的5年生存率为60.91%。结论直肠癌根治术中保留盆腔自主神经,可降低病人术后性功能障碍和排尿功能障碍发生率,提高病人生存质量。     

Abdominoperineal Resection via Total Mesorectal Excision and Autonomic Nerve Preservation for Low Rectal Cancer

p = 0.0003). Poorer survival was statistically related to the presence of positive lymph nodes ( p = 0.0009). Overall, local recurrence rates were 5% (8/148) in patients without distant metastases, and 15% to 21% in patients with positive nodes. Positive lymph nodes, N ₂ disease, lymphatic vascular invasion, and perineural invasion were independent significant risk factors for local recurrence. Sexual function was preserved in approximately 57% of patients undergoing APR versus 85% of patients undergoing sphincter preservation. No significant urinary morbidity was encountered. Low rectal cancer requiring APR seems to be a disease with more locally advanced disease and adverse pathologic features than are seen with mid-rectal cancers treatable by low anterior resection. APR when performed in accordance with the principles of TME and ANP ensures the greatest likelihood of resecting all regional disease while preserving both sexual and urinary functions. Preoperative combined modality treatment may be warranted in all T ₃ or greater low rectal cancers.     

A Comparative Study of Voiding and Sexual Function after Total Mesorectal Excision with Autonomic Nerve Preservation for Rectal Cancer: Laparoscopic Versus Robotic Surgery

Purpose

To evaluate the protection of the urogenital function after robot-assisted total mesorectal excision (R-TME) for rectal cancer compared to those of laparoscopic TME (L-TME).

Methods

69 patients who underwent L-TME (n?=?39) or R-TME (n?=?30) were prospectively enrolled. Their urogenital function was evaluated by uroflowmetry, a standard questionnaire of the international prostate symptom score (IPSS) and the international index of erectile function (IIEF) before surgery and 1, 3, 6, and 12?months after surgery. The pre- and postoperative IPSS and IIEF scores were compared to detect functional deterioration by paired t test for each group. How postoperative IPSS and IIEF scores and uroflowmetry data deviated from the preoperative values (??) were statistically compared between the two groups.

Results

The IPSS score significantly increased 1?month after surgery; the recovery from decreased urinary function took 6?months for patients in the L-TME group (8.2?±?6.3; P?=?0.908) but 3?months in the R-TME group (8.36?±?5.5; P?=?0.075). The ??IPSS scores were significantly different between the two groups at 3?months (P?=?0.036). In male patients (L-TME 20, R-TME 18), the total IIEF score in R-TME and L-TME significantly decreased 1?month after surgery, L-TME gradually recovered over 12?months (46.00?±?16.9; P?=?0.269), but R-TME recovered within 6?months (44.61?±?13.76; P?=?0.067). The ??IIEF score value was not significantly different at any time between the two groups, but in an itemized analysis of the change in erectile function and sexual desire, there were significant differences at 3?months between the two groups.

Conclusions

R-TME for rectal cancer is associated with earlier recovery of normal voiding and sexual function compared to patients who underwent L-TME, although this result needs to be verified by larger prospective comparative studies.     

保留盆腔自主神经的腹腔镜直肠癌根治术对男性性功能的影响

目的比较腹腔镜与开腹保留盆腔自主神经（pelvic automatic nerve preservation,PANP）的直肠癌根治术对男性患者术后性功能的保护效果。方法 2008年9月～2010年8月对120例男性中低位直肠癌分别行腹腔镜PANP手术（L-PANP组,n=70）和开腹PANP手术（O-PANP组,n=50）,采用国际勃起功能问卷表-5（IIEF-5）分别于术后3～6个月、6～12个月、12～20个月3个时段对男性患者性功能进行随访,评估2种手术方式对男性患者性功能的影响。结果 120例均顺利完成手术。术后随访1年以上90例：L-PANP组50例,O-PANP组40例。随访期内,L-PANP组和O-PANP组各有3例和4例术后1年内复发、转移,各有2例死亡,其余均健在。术后第1时段性功能（勃起及射精功能）分级,L-PANP组的Ⅰ型（完全保留骨盆自主神经）及Ⅱ型术式（切除一侧或双侧骶前神经丛,保留双侧盆神经丛）优于O-PANP组同型术式患者（Z=-2.207,P=0.027;Z=-2.207,P=0.027;Z=-2.203,P=0.042;Z=-2.226,P=0.026）,但2组的Ⅲ型术式（切除一侧或双侧骶前神经丛,保留一侧盆神经丛）无统计学差异（Z=-1.656,P=0.095;Z=-1.163,P=0.245）。第2、3时段,L-PANP组各型术式患者的性功能分级与O-PANP同型术式对比无统计学差异（均P〉0.05）。L-PANP组和O-PANP组1年生存率分别为97.1%（68/70）和96.0%（48/50）,无统计学差异（Z=-0.184,P=0.854）。术后1年的盆腔局部复发率分别为4.3%（3/70）和8.0%（4/50）,无统计学差异（Z=-0.457,P=0.647）。结论 L-PANP在不增加局部复发的前提下,对男性患者性功能的保护是可行的,且短期内优于O-PANP。     

Impact of Autonomic Nerve Preservation and Lateral Node Dissection on Male Urogenital Function after Total Mesorectal Excision for Lower Rectal Cancer

Introduction Urogenital dysfunction is a well recognized complication of rectal cancer surgery. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of autonomic nerve preservation (ANP) and lateral node dissection (LND) on male urogenital function after total mesorectal excision for lower rectal cancer. Methods We studied, using a questionnaire, preoperative and current urogenital function in 47 male patients who underwent total mesorectal excision with the ANP technique for lower rectal cancer. Patients with and without LND were analyzed separately. Results A total of 37 patients (78.7%) (22 patients without LND, 15 with LND) returned the questionnaire. Among the 15 patients with LND, 2 underwent unilateral ANP. One patient without LND had urinary dysfunction preoperatively, and among the other 21 patients only 2 (9.5%) reported minor urinary complications postoperatively. After LND, 5 patients (33%) reported minor complications; there were no severe complications. Among patients who were sexually active prior to the operation, 90% and 70% of patients without LND and 50% and 10% of those with LND maintained sexual activity and ejaculation, respectively. However, 50% of patients who underwent low anterior resection or Hartmann resection without LND and all patients with abdominoperineal resection or LND reported reduced overall sexual satisfaction. Conclusions The ANP technique offers the great advantage of maintaining urogenital function after rectal cancer surgery. After LND, although the ANP technique minimized urinary dysfunction, sexual function, particularly ejaculation, was often damaged. Careful follow-up is important even after ANP to improve postoperative sexual satisfaction.