The association baseline NIH Stroke Scale score with ABO blood-subtypes in young patients with acute ischemic stroke

Objectives

The presence of the A and B blood group antigens has been associated with risk of arterial thrombosis. The aim of the current study was to design a new simpler form of National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) for use on admission, and assess the association of blood groups with NIHSS score in young stroke patients.

Methods

We conducted this study in 1311 young Chinese adults with acute ischemic cerebral stroke. The outcome measures included a composite favorable outcome (defined as a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) of 0 or 2) and poor outcome (defined as a modified Rankin Scale score of 3 or 6) at discharge; a minor strokes (NIHSS scores 0–5) and severe strokes (NIHSS scores ≥6). Logistic regression analyses were used to determine the association between ABO blood groups and stroke severity.

Results

Regression analysis confirmed in relative to patients with AB subtype, Oxfordshire community stroke project classification (OCSP) subtype and serum white blood cell (WBC) were the major predictors for stroke severity. Meanwhile, diabetes, serum triglyceride and uric acid levels were determined as independent indicators of stroke severity in A, B and O blood subtype respectively. The optimal cutoff score of the baseline NIHSS was ≤5 for patients with non-O subtype, the optimal cutoff score of the baseline NIHSS was ≤7 for patients with blood O subtype.

Conclusions

Our analysis provide compelling information regarding the ABO blood groups differences in predictors of stroke severity and the different validity of NIHSS scores in predicting prognosis at discharge between O subtype and non-O subtype.     

急性缺血性脑卒中患者血清 ApoB／ApoA1与 NIHSS 评分的相关性

目的探讨血清载脂蛋白B(Apo B)与载脂蛋白A1(Apo A1)比值Apo B/Apo A1在急性缺血性脑卒中患者病情判断中的价值。方法研究对象为191例缺血性脑卒中急性发作患者,美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分≤6分71例(低评分组)、7~14分58例(中评分组)、≥15分62例(高评分组)。各组均于入院后空腹采集静脉血,检测血清TG、TC、Apo B、Apo A1水平,计算Apo B/Apo A1。分析TC、TG、Apo B/Apo A1与NIHSS评分的相关性。结果 Apo B/Apo A1:高评分组>中评分组>低评分组(P均<0.05)。高评分组血清TG水平低于低评分组(P<0.05)。Apo B/Apo A1与NIHSS评分呈正相关(r=0.242,P<0.05),TG与NIHSS评分呈负相关(r=-0.220,P<0.05),TC与NIHSS评分无相关性(r=0.136,P>0.05)。结论 Apo B/Apo A1是反映缺血性脑卒中患者病情严重程度的较好指标。     

NIHSS评分对急性缺血性卒中患者大血管闭塞的预测价值

目的 探讨基线美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale,NIHSS)评分对大血管闭塞的预测价值.方法 利用“南京卒中注册系统”,回顾性分析发病24 h内入院且需行急诊数字减影血管造影(digital subtraction angiography,DSA)检查或介入治疗的急性缺血性卒中患者.在患者就诊即刻进行NIHSS评分,根据DSA结果分为大血管闭塞组与非大血管闭塞组.大血管闭塞定义为颈内动脉、大脑中动脉MI/M2段、椎动脉V4段或基底动脉存在血管闭塞,非大血管闭塞定义为未见血管闭塞或血管闭塞存在于大脑中动脉M3/M4段、大脑前动脉或大脑后动脉.利用受试者工作特征(receiver operator characteristic,ROC)曲线和曲线下面积(c统计量)评估NIHSS评分对大血管闭塞的预测能力,计算灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值及阴性预测值.采用多变量logistic回归分析筛选出判别大血管闭塞的独立危险因素.结果 共纳入100例急性缺血性卒中患者,其中前循环卒中63例,后循环卒中37例.NIHSS评分预测全部患者大血管闭塞的ROC曲线下面积(c统计量)为0.734[95％可信区间(confidence interval,CI)0.621 ～0.848],预测前循环与后循环大血管闭塞分别为0.817(95％ CI0.699 ～0.936)和0.683(95％ CI 0.505 ～0.861).NIHSS评分判断全部患者大血管闭塞的最佳截断值为13分(灵敏度为0.776,特异度为0.697,阳性预测值为0.839,阴性预测值为0.605).多变量logistic回归分析显示,“意识水平提问”[优势比(odds ratio,OR)4.673,95％ CI 1.853 ～ 11.786;P=0.001]和“凝视”(OR 3.514,95％ CI 1.271 ～9.716; P=0.015)是大血管闭塞的独立危险因素.结论 基线NIHSS评分对急性缺血性卒中患者的大血管闭塞具有一定的预测价值,尤其对于前循环大血管闭塞的预测价值较高.在NIHSS评分项目中,“意识水平提问”和“凝视”是判别大血管闭塞的独立危险因素.     

Carotid atherosclerosis and ischemic stroke in young patients.

BACKGROUND: Epidemiological studies indicate a high prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis in elderly patients with ischemic stroke. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of early carotid atherosclerotic lesions in young subjects with ischemic stroke, in the absence of the common atherosclerotic risk factors. METHODS: We studied 98 young patients with first ischemic stroke (54 males and 44 females; mean age 41.2 years; range 32-50) and 96 healthy controls. All subjects underwent ultrasonographic scanning of the carotid arteries according to a standardized protocol. RESULTS: The carotid intima-media thickness was significantly increased in the patient group (p<0.001) compared with controls. In addition, the prevalence of carotid atherosclerotic plaques was greater in the patients than in the controls (p<0.001). In particular, we detected 18 non-occlusive carotid plaques and 16 thrombotic occlusions. In 8 patients, the lesions were bilateral. The echographic pattern of the plaques was hard in 8 cases, soft in 5 cases, and mixed in the remaining 5 cases. CONCLUSIONS: We detected an increased wall thickness of the carotid arteries and an increased prevalence of carotid atherosclerotic lesions and carotid thrombotic occlusions in young patients with ischemic stroke, with a relative low incidence of cardiovascular risk factors. This finding suggests that arterial intima-media thickness per se is an important determinant of vascular disease in young patients. The data also provide indirect support for the potential role of genetic factors in the genesis of atherosclerosis in young patients.     

中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值、NIHSS评分和侧支循环Tan评分联合预测前循环大血管闭塞性卒中患者静脉溶栓转归

目的:探讨溶栓前外周血中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值（neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, NLR）、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表（National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, NIHSS）评分联合侧支循环Tan评分对急性前循环大血管闭塞性卒中患者静脉溶栓转归...     

睡眠障碍性呼吸评分与缺血性卒中患者血小板功能及卒中复发的相关性

目的:探讨应用四变量评分评估的睡眠障碍性呼吸（sleep-disordered breathing, SDB）患病可能性对急性缺血性卒中患者血小板功能及卒中复发风险的影响。方法:前瞻性纳入2020年1月至2021年1月期间威海市立医院神经内科收治的急性缺血性卒中患者。主要纳入标准：在发病24 h内入院;美国国立卫生研究...     

女性脑梗死患者阿司匹林抵抗及相关因素分析

目的检测女性脑梗死患者阿司匹林抵抗(AR)发生率,分析其影响因素。方法纳入连续住院的女性脑梗死患者116例,根据是否发生AR分为AR组47例和阿司匹林敏感(AS)组69例。所有入选者晨起顿服阿司匹林肠溶片100mg/d,连续服药10d后,测定花生四烯酸途径的血小板聚集抑制率及糖化血清蛋白水平,比较2组一般临床资料的差异。患者根据糖化血清蛋白水平又分为血糖控制良好组67例(<236μmol/L)和血糖控制欠佳组49例(≥236μmol/L),比较2组AR的比率。用logistic二元回归分析影响AR的相关因素。结果 AR组体质量明显高于AS组,差异有统计学意义[(66.9±10.2)kg vs(63.5±7.9)kg,P<0.05]。血糖控制良好组较血糖控制欠佳组患者AR的发生率明显降低,差异有统计学意义(28.4%vs 57.1%,P<0.01)。多因素logistic二元回归分析显示,血糖控制是发生AR的危险因素(OR=3.368,95%CI:1.550~7.320,P=0.002)。结论女性脑梗死患者存在相当比例AR,体质量及血糖控制情况可能影响AR的发生。     

Gender and the functional outcome of elderly ischemic stroke patients

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of gender on the functional outcome after ischemic stroke. In a retrospective chart review we studied 919 survivors of ischemic stroke admitted for rehabilitation at a geriatric rehabilitation ward of a university affiliated hospital. Functional outcome of female and male patients was assessed by Functional Independence Measurement (FIM) at admission and discharge. Data were analyzed by t test, Chi-square test and Linear Regression. A total number of 919 patients were admitted of whom 56% were males. A higher proportion of male patients reported ischemic heart disease (p<0.001), hypercholesterolemia (p=0.035), Parkinson's disease (p=0.044), and previous stroke (p<0.001). Males had also higher Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores (p<0.001). Total FIM at admission (62.54 ± 25.98 and 66.00 ± 25.49; p=0.043), and total FIM at discharge (80.39 ± 30.35 and 85.59 ± 29.08; p=0.008), motor FIM at admission (40.04 ± 18.89 and 42.51 ± 18.47; p=0.047) and motor FIM at discharge (56.41 ± 23.04 and 60.44 ± 21.84; p=0.007) were higher among male patients. However, a trend for a borderline statistical difference was observed for FIM gains upon discharge between men and women. A multiple linear regression analysis showed that total FIM at discharge was neither associated with male nor female gender (β=-0.009; p=0.69). The findings suggest that the functional outcome of male survivors presenting for rehabilitation after acute ischemic stroke is slightly better. After adjusting for possible covariates, gender did not emerge as an independent predictor for higher FIM at discharge, suggesting that gender should not be held as adversely affecting rehabilitation of such patients.     

他汀类药物对急性缺血性卒中预后影响的临床研究

目的 评估发病前使用他汀类药物对急性缺血性卒中发病时症状严重程度及出院时功能转归的影响.方法 回顾性分析2006年1月至10月上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院神经内科住院治疗的185例急性缺血性卒中患者的临床资料,依据发病前是否已使用他汀类药物分为他汀治疗组(57例)与非他汀治疗组(128例),对比两组的一般资料、血管危险因素、牛津郡临床分型、入院时美国国立卒中量表(NIHSS)评分、治疗方法、出院时Barthel指数等.结果 他汀治疗组入院时NIHSS评分低于非他汀治疗组(6.0对13.0,P＜0.01),出院时功能转归良好病例百分比高于非他汀治疗组(77.2%对41.1%,P＜0.01).非他汀治疗组中服用抗血小板药物者与未合并用药者比较,入院时NIHSS评分和出院时达到功能转归良好的病例百分比差异均有显著性意义(P均＜0.05).出院时功能转归良好与发病前使用他汀类药物相关(OR=5.784,P＜0.01).结论 发病前使用他汀类药物能减轻急性缺血性卒中症状及改善出院时功能转归.     

Carotid intima media thickness measurements coupled with stroke severity strongly predict short-term outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke: a machine learning study

Metabolic Brain Disease - Acute ischemic stroke (IS) is one of the leading causes of morbidity, functional disability and mortality worldwide. The objective was to evaluate IS risk factors and...     

急性缺血性卒中患者的出血性转化与转归的相关性

目的:探讨出血性转化（hemorrhagic transformation, HT）及其不同亚型对急性缺血性卒中（acute ischemic stroke, AIS）患者临床转归的影响。方法:回顾性纳入2018年1月至2021年1月河南省人民医院收治的发病24 h内的AIS患者。HT定义为AIS发病后7 d内CT复查...     

血液生物学标记物与急性缺血性卒中患者的神经功能转归

急性缺血性卒中具有高发病率、高致死率和高致残率等特点,严重影响着中老年人群的健康,寻找影响急性缺血性卒中患者神经功能转归的相关因素,并对其干预是该领域的研究热点之一.近年来的研究显示,基质金属蛋白酶-9、神经元特异性烯醇化酶、S-100B蛋白、脑利钠肽、和肽素、血脂、血糖等血液学指标均可能与急性缺血性卒中患者的神经功能转归有关.     

微量白蛋白尿与急性缺血性卒中患者短期转归的相关性

目的 探讨尿微量白蛋白(microalbuminuria, MAU)与急性缺血性卒中患者短期转归的关系.方法 前瞻性纳入住院治疗的连续急性缺血性卒中患者.入院后次日晨起留取首次尿标本测定尿白蛋白/肌酐比率(urine albumin/ creatinine ratio, UACR),UACR 30~300 mg/g定义为MAU阳性.入院时采用美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institute of Health Stroke Scale, NIHSS)评价卒中严重程度,出院时采用改良Rankin量表(modified Rankin Scale, mRS)评价功能转归,0~2分定义为转归良好.结果 共纳入244例急性缺血性卒中患者,其中53例(21.72%)MAU阳性,67例(27.50%)转归不良.单变量分析显示,MAU阳性组患者年龄、基线NIHSS评分、收缩压、空腹血糖、球蛋白、D-二聚体、白细胞计数、中性粒细胞以及缺血性心脏病构成比显著高于MAU阴性组(P均<0.05).转归不良组基线NIHSS评分、空腹血糖、纤维蛋白原、间接胆红素、直接胆红素、C反应蛋白、D-二聚体、白细胞计数、中性粒细胞以及MAU阳性患者构成比显著高于转归良好组(P均<0.05).多变量logistic回归分析显示,MAU[优势比(odds ratio, OR)1.520,95%可信区间(confidence interval, CI)1.151~1.794;P=0.031]、基线NIHSS评分(OR 1.570,95% CI 1.357~1.808;P<0.001)是急性缺血性卒中患者短期转归不良的独立危险因素.结论 急性缺血性卒中患者的MAU发生率较高,MAU阳性可作为急性缺血性卒中患者短期转归不良的独立预测指标之一.     

The impact of age and 24‐h blood pressure on arterial health in acute ischemic stroke patients: The Norwegian stroke in the young study

The impact of age and 24‐h ambulatory blood pressure (ABPM) on arterial stiffness and carotid intima‐media thickness (cIMT) in ischemic stroke patients younger than 60 years of age is poorly explored. A total of 385 acute ischemic stroke patients (aged 49.6±9.7 years, 68% men) were prospectively included and grouped in younger (15–44 years, n = 93) and middle‐aged (45–60 years, n = 292). Arterial stiffness was measured by carotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), and cIMT by carotid ultrasound. 24‐h ABPM was recorded. The middle‐aged stroke patients had higher prevalence of smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome and hypercholesterolemia, and had higher PWV and cIMT (all p < .05). In multivariable linear regression analyses adjusted for sex, BMI, smoking, diabetes mellitus, total cholesterol, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, eGFR, systolic BP and concomitant antihypertensive treatment, 1SD (4.4 years) higher age was associated with higher PWV (β = 0.44,R² = 0.46, p < .001) in the younger group, and with higher mean cIMT (β = 0.16, R² = 0.21, p = .01) in the middle‐aged group. In the middle‐aged group, 24‐h pulse pressure had a significant association with PWV (β = 0.18, R² = 0.19, p = .009), while the association with cIMT was attenuated (β = 0.13, R² = 0.16, p = .065). 24‐h diastolic BP was associated with higher cIMT in the middle‐aged group (β = 0.24, p < .001, R² = 0.23), but not with PWV in either age groups. Among ischemic stroke patients < 60 years, higher age was associated with increased arterial stiffness for patients up to age 44 years, and with cIMT in middle‐aged patients. 24‐h pulse pressure was associated with arterial stiffness, and 24‐h diastolic BP was associated with cIMT only in middle‐aged patients.     

MRAS基因多态性与青年缺血性卒中患者的关系

目的探讨MRAS基因多态性与青年缺血性卒中的关系。方法回顾性纳入2009年12月—2012年10月南京卒中注册系统中的243例青年缺血性卒中患者,同时选取512名年龄、性别相匹配的健康对照者。通过改良多重连接酶检测反应技术分析MRAS基因rs3755751和rs9289559位点的多态性,对各位点基因型、等位基因频率进行分析比较。结果 (1)卒中组(243例)rs3755751位点基因型AA、AG和GG的频率分别为7.4%(18例)、37.0%(90例)和55.6%(135例),与对照组(512例)基因型频率[6.4%(33例)、36.9%(189例)和56.6%(290例)]比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);卒中组rs9289559位点基因型AA、AG和GG的频率分别为7.0%(17例)、42.0%(102例)和51.0%(124例),与对照组基因型频率[6.1%(31例)、37.9%(194例)和56.1%(287例)]比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。(2)进一步构建效应模型[(AA比(AG+GG)和GG比(AG+AA)],卒中组与对照组rs3755751和rs9289559位点差异亦无统计学意义(均P0.05)。分析不同基因型对血脂水平的影响,显示青年缺血性卒中组rs3755751位点GG基因型亚组高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平明显高于AG+AA基因型亚组(OR=6.80,95%CI:2.18~21.27,P=0.001)。结论 MRAS基因多态性可能与青年缺血性卒中的遗传易感性无明显相关性。rs3755751位点多态性可能与血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平相关。     

入院时体温与急性缺血性脑卒中患者出院结局的关系

目的探讨急性缺血性脑卒中患者入院时体温水平与出院结局的关系。方法采用回顾性队列研究的方法,连续性纳入内蒙古兴安盟人民医院神经内科2009年6月1日到2012年5月31日住院的3 440例急性缺血性脑卒中病人,收集人口统计学、生活方式、临床表现和实验室检验资料,结局不良组定义为患者出院时改良Rankin量表评分(MRs)≥3分。体温水平按腋温分为四组,分别为≤36℃、36.01℃~36.50℃、36.51℃~37.00℃、≥37.01℃。用非条件logistic回归分析入院时体温水平与急性缺血性脑卒中出院结局不良的关系。结果发生结局不良359例(10.44%)。单因素非条件logistic回归分析显示:入院体温中,以最低体温组为参比,第3、4体温组发生结局不良的OR(95%CI)分别为:1.48(1.04~2.11)和3.97(2.46~6.42)。在调整了年龄、高血压、高血糖、脑卒中病史、高甘油三酯、吸烟、饮酒后,结果显示,相对于最低体温组,第3、4体温组发生结局不良的OR(95%CI)分别为:1.51(1.04~2.18)和3.39(2.04~5.61),存在着剂量反应关系(趋势性检验为18.953 6,P0.000 1)。结论入院时体温水平升高可增加急性缺血性脑卒中出院结局不良发生率的风险,并且是独立的危险因素。建议今后的临床治疗和护理中可采取措施将体温控制在36.5℃之下,以预防急性缺血性脑卒中不良结局的发生。