以肺外表现为首发症状的肺癌93例分析

1992～ 1999年 ,我院共治疗以肺外表现就诊并经手术证实的肺癌患者 93例。现报告如下。临床资料 :本组男 71例 ,女 2 2例 ;年龄 2 8～ 71岁。88例施行根治性手术 ,其中单纯肺叶切除 64例、袖式切除 18例、全肺切除 6例 ;姑息性切除 3例 ,剖胸探查 2例。5 8例鳞癌中 ,首发肺外表现为单纯杵状指 2 6例 ,杵状指伴四肢关节痛 2 5例 ,杵状指伴男性乳房发育 4例 ,杵状指伴双下肢水肿 3例 ;17例腺癌中 ,首发肺外表现为单纯杵状指 8例 ,杵状指伴关节痛 9例 ;12例小细胞未分化癌中 ,首发肺外表现为单纯杵状指 6例 ,杵状指伴柯兴氏综合征 2例 ,伴持续…     

以眼睑下垂为首发症状的肺癌脑转移1例报告

眼睑下垂[1],是眼肌功能障碍,临床上比较少见,基础疾病是重症肌无力,糖尿病动眼神经病变,脑梗死等,而脑肿瘤较少见,肺癌脑转移所致未见报道。现将我们收治以单侧眼睑下垂为首发症状的脑转移瘤患者病例报告如下;     

以肺外表现为首发症状的肺癌76例报告

2005年1月～2008年1月3年，我院间共收治肺癌1091例，其中76例以肺外表现为首发症状。现报告如下。     

以腹股沟淋巴结转移为首发症状之一的肺癌三例

例１　男性,６２岁。１９８８年夏发现右腹股沟、右锁骨上淋巴结肿大,当时无咳嗽、咯血、胸痛等,未诊治。１９９０年４月突感右手麻木,按“卒中”治疗无效;２个月后渐出现右侧肢体活动障碍。就诊时发现右腹股沟、右锁骨上分别触及５ｃｍ×３ｃｍ、２ｃｍ×３ｃｍ肿大淋巴结,质硬、活动、无压痛。脑及胸部影像学检查发现颅内多发占位性病变;右上肺肿块３ｃｍ×４ｃｍ,纵隔淋巴结肿大。全身骨扫描和腹部Ｂ超未见异常。右锁骨上及右腹股沟淋巴结活检为淋巴结转移癌（小细胞癌）。诊断：右上肺小细胞癌（ＳＣＬＣ）（广泛期）。行头颅放…     

肺外表现为首发症状的肺癌60例报告

肺癌多以呼吸道症状为主要表现,当出现以肺外表现为首发症状时,易漏诊和误诊。现将我院60例以肺外症状为首发表现的肺癌总结如下。1临床资料1.1一般资料本组60例中,男性48例,女性12例;年龄31～83岁,平均56岁。组织学类型:腺癌20例,小细腺未分化癌18例,鳞癌17例;肺泡癌2例;腺鳞癌2例,未定型1例。大体分型:中心型肺癌22例,周围型肺癌37例,纵隔型肺癌1例。1.2首发肺外表现肺癌的特点和误诊时间本组60例中,首发以脑转移26例(以头痛、头昏、抽搐、肢瘫、语言障碍、精神性格改变表现);首发以骨骼系统转移17例(以局部骨痛、截瘫、活动受限表现);首…     

肺外表现为首发症状的肺癌42例

我院1993年2月～2000年9月共收治肺癌269例,其中以肺外表现为首发症状的肺癌42例,现回顾性分析如下: 临床资料 一、一般资料:42例中,男性34例,女性8例,年龄42岁～76岁,吸烟38例,所有病例均有胸部X线片和CT片证实,并经组织学或细胞学确诊。 二、肺外首发症状与病理类型:见附表。     

肺癌脑转移84例临床分析

我院自 1996年 1月～ 2 0 0 0年 1月共收治肺癌脑转移 98例 ,现将病理诊断 84例 ,临床资料和治疗情况作简要分析。1　临床资料1.1　一般资料 :本组病例均经病理组织学及 (或 )细胞学确诊肺癌 ,经脑部 CT或磁共振成像 ( MRI)或脑脊液细胞学证实为脑转移。男性 60例 ,女性 2 4例 ,年龄在 3 2～ 76岁之间 ,平均年龄 60岁。肺癌病理组织学分型 :腺癌 5 6例 ( 66.7% ) ,小细胞癌13例 ( 15 .5 % ) ,鳞癌 10例 ( 11.9% ) ,大细胞癌 2例 ( 2 .4 % ) ,鳞腺癌 3例 ( 3 .6% )。癌转移部位 :大脑 (顶叶、额叶、颞叶、枕叶、基底节 ) 64例 ,其中合并脑…     

以鼻尖皮肤转移瘤为首发表现的支气管肺癌1例

患者,男性,53岁,于20天前无明显诱因发现鼻尖部肿大,无发热及疼痛,自服抗生素7天效果不佳,在当地诊所静滴菌必治治疗8天效果仍不佳,肿物生长迅速,已增长至5cm,遂来我院诊治,拍胸片示：左中肺团块状影,经纤维支气管镜检查发现左肺中叶背段口管腔外压迫性狭窄,局部粘膜不光滑。取病理活检示肺鳞癌。取鼻尖部肿物活检,术后病理示：鳞状细胞癌,诊为支气管肺癌（鳞癌）,皮肤转移癌。经CAP方案化疗三周期,患者鼻尖部肿物渐缩小。     

以肺外表现为首发症状的肺癌13例误诊分析

以肺外表现为首发症状的肺癌１３例误诊分析梁山县人民医院（２７２６００）刘克运，徐凤英，王仁忠，郭恒照近年来，我们遇到１３例以肺外表现为首发症状的肺癌患者，误诊时间１～８个月。其中误诊为重症肌无力４例，风湿性关节炎３例，臂丛神经炎３例，低血糖症２例，躁...     

以类肌无力综合征为首发表现的肺癌18例报告

肺癌的非转移性肺外表现复杂多样。2001～2004年,我院收治以类肌无力综合征为首发表现的肺癌患者18例。现报告如下。     

Management of brain metastases in elderly patients with lung cancer

The incidence of brain metastases (BM) is continuing to grow in the elderly population with lung cancer, but these patients are seriously under-represented in clinical trials. Thus, their treatment is not based on the evidence from randomized prospective studies. Age is a well recognized poor prognostic factor for survival in patients with BM from lung cancer, which is reflected in prognostic scales, but its impact on the patients'' prognosis reflected by its value in gradually updated grading indices seems to decrease. The reason for poorer outcomes in the elderly is unknown—it may result from the influence of the age per se, simplified staging work-up and suboptimal treatment in this patient subgroup or the excess toxicity of the aggressive anticancer treatment secondary to the impaired physiological regulation mechanisms and comorbidities. The main goal of treatment of BM is to ameliorate neurological symptoms and delay neurological progression, with the focus on the improvement and maintenance of the patients’ quality of life. The possible treatment options for BM from lung cancer are whole-brain radiotherapy, stereotactic radiosurgery, surgery, chemotherapy, targeted therapies and best supportive care. The aim of this review is to summarize the problems related to the management of BM in elderly patients with lung cancer, to analyze the value of the above mentioned treatment options, and to provide an insight into the influence of age-related clinical factors on the patients’ outcomes.     

肺癌脑转移治疗进展

肺癌是最常见的恶性肿瘤,其发病率逐年上升.脑转移是肺癌最常见的转移部位之一,且有增加趋势,脑转移瘤如不治疗,中位生存期为1～3个月.肺癌脑转移以多发转移为主,常伴有颅内压迫症状,危及患者生命,严重影响生存质量.由于大多数化疗药物不能通过血脑屏障,既往放射治疗被认为是有效的治疗方法,但如今临床上很少单用一种治疗方法,而是采用综合治疗方法,如手术治疗联合化疗、手术治疗联合放疗、放化疗结合、靶向治疗等.本文就肺癌脑转移治疗进展作一综述.     

102例老年脑转移肿瘤患者的临床预后分析

目的 探讨影响老年脑转移肿瘤患者预后的相关因素,研究脑转移肿瘤回归分割分析(RPA)及预后评估量表(GPA)的适应性,对老年脑转移瘤患者的预后评估及治疗提供依据. 方法 回顾性分析我院2005年1月至2012年1月收治的有完整随访资料的102例老年脑转移瘤患者(年龄≥60岁),用Kaplan-Meier方法进行生存率分析,Log-rank检验对民族、年龄、卡氏评分、性别、吸烟、原发肿瘤来源、颅内转移瘤个数、伴有颅外转移、原发灶近期疗效、脑转移瘤治疗方式进行单因素预后分析,Cox回归模型进行多因素预后分析. 结果 中位生存期为6个月,6个月、12个月生存率分别为54.90％、16.67％.单因素分析结果显示,卡氏评分、吸烟、脑转移瘤个数、脑转移确诊至治疗时间、原发灶疗效及伴有其他基础疾病是老年脑转移瘤患者的预后因素(x2=20.828、5.737、7.395、5.379、11.556、6.844,均P＜0.05).Cox多因素回归分析结果显示,卡氏评分、脑转移瘤个数、原发灶疗效及合并其他基础疾病为其预后的独立影响因素(均P＜0.05).RPA分类Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ类中位生存期分别为11、7、4个月,生存期差异有统计学意义(x2=27.358,P＜0.001);GPA Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ-Ⅳ类中位生存期分别为5、8、13个月,生存期差异有统计学意义(x2=29.570,P＜0.001). 结论 卡氏评分、脑转移瘤个数、原发灶疗效及合并其他基础疾病是影响老年脑转移肿瘤患者预后的独立因素.RPA及GPA分类在老年脑转移瘤患者中有较好的适应性.     

非小细胞肺癌脑转移患者预后多因素Cox回归分析

目的探讨影响非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)脑转移患者生存时间的因素。方法回顾性分析我院收治的NSCLC脑转移并行头颅放疗患者302例,其中资料完整者171例进行分析。采用SPSS13.0统计软件行影响生存期的单因素及多因素Cox风险比例模型回归分析。探讨患者的临床特征及放疗方式等因素对患者生存期的影响。结果全组患者中位生存期为8.8(95%CI:7.2~10.3)个月;单因素分析显示:PS评分(P=0.002)、脑转移数量(P=0.023)、脑转移时间(P=0.031)、放疗方式(P=0.041)和肺癌是否切除(P=0.002)与患者预后有关;Cox多元回归分析显示:PS评分(P=0.04)和肺癌是否手术切除(P=0.04)为脑转移患者独立预后因素而与脑转移数量(P=0.65)、脑转移时间(P=0.71)、放疗方式(P=0.91)等因素无关。结论 NSCLC脑转移整体预后较差,手术切除肺部肿瘤且体力评分较好患者预后相对较好。     

60例肺癌脑转移瘤患者生存与预后分析

目的探讨非小细胞肺癌脑转移不同治疗方案的疗效。方法分析60例肺癌脑转移患者的临床特点。结果单因素分析结果提示原发病治疗方法、脑部放疗方式、T分期、颅外转移数目对患者生存期有影响(P<0.05)。全脑放疗联合全身化疗优于单纯放化疗。Cox模型多因素分析显示脑转移瘤不同治疗方案为独立预后因素(P=0.0001)。结论脑转移瘤不同治疗方案是影响预后的独立预后因素,积极的多学科综合治疗疗效优于单纯全脑放疗。     

Supportive care for patients with brain metastases from lung cancer

Lung cancer is the most common cause of intracranial metastases (ICM). Metastases in the brain can result in a broad range of uncomfortable symptoms and significant morbidity secondary to neurological disability. Treatment options can range from surgical resection of solitary metastases to radiotherapy and more recently systemic targeted therapies and immunotherapy. Patient survival continues to improve with innovations made in treatments for this condition, but each of these treatments carry their own adverse effects that must be appropriately managed. These patients can benefit greatly from multidisciplinary care throughout the course of their disease. Clinicians involved in their care must be equipped with the ability to communicate skillfully and compassionately and set expectations for the road ahead, including symptoms, treatment plans, and prognosis. Involvement of a palliative care team can be very helpful, especially for patients who are nearing the terminal stages of the disease. Palliative care skills may be invaluable in the management of symptoms and can ease suffering for patients and their caregivers, thus allowing for maximum quality of life for as long as possible. End of life may bring its own complications and challenges; and opinion of an experienced and knowledgeable clinician can alleviate the pain and distress of the patient and also bring peace to the caregivers and loved ones.     

Neurosurgical management and postoperative whole-brain radiotherapy for colorectal cancer patients with symptomatic brain metastases

Background  New systemic treatments for advanced colorectal cancer have conferred a survival advantage, allowing patients to reach a median survival of almost 2 years. Due to this remarkable life extension, the incidence of brain metastases, though still low, is progressively increasing over time. There is little reported data on the optimal strategy to manage brain lesions from colorectal cancer. Methods  To explore the role of an aggressive approach to colorectal cancer brain metastases, we retrospectively collected and analyzed data from 30 patients who underwent neurosurgical resection + whole-brain radiotherapy between March 1998 and December 2006. Univariate (logrank) and multivariate (Cox’s model) analyses were used to identify prognostic factors. Results  Median age at the time of surgery was 66 years, median ECOG PS was 1, most patients (87%) had concomitant lung and/or liver metastases. Median number of previous chemotherapies was two, with half of the patients being exposed both to oxaliplatin and irinotecan. A median of 27 Gy of radiotherapy were administered to 16 patients after resection. At the time of the analysis, 29 out of 30 patients had died, with a median survival time after brain metastasectomy of 167 days (8–682). Only one patient died within a month from surgery. Median survival was significantly longer in patients who received postsurgical radiotherapy (7.6 vs. 4.7 months, P = 0.014). Conclusions  Neurosurgical management of symptomatic brain metastases from colorectal cancer is feasible, relatively safe, and offers a chance of prolonged survival. Patients who received radiotherapy after resection experienced a better outcome.     

Clinical outcomes of lung metastasectomy in patients with colorectal cancer

AIM: To investigate prognostic factors of survival following curative, non-palliative surgical removal of lung metastases secondary to colorectal cancer (CRC).METHODS: Between 1999 and 2009, a radical metastasectomy with curative intent was performed on lung metastases in 21 patients with CRC (15 male and 6 female; mean age: 57.4 ± 11.8 years; age range: 29-74 years) who had already undergone primary tumour resection.RESULTS: The mean number of lung metastases ranged from one to five. The mean overall survival was 71 ± 35 mo (median: 25 mo). After adjusting for potential confounders, multivariable Cox regression analyses predicted only the number of lung metastases (1 vs ≥ 2; hazard ratio: 7.60, 95% confidence interval: 1.18-17.2, P = 0.03) as an independent predictor of poor survival following lung resection for metastatic CRC.CONCLUSION: Resection of lung metastases is a safe and effective treatment in selected CRC patients with single lung metastases.     

Cho/Cr比值联合NSE对肺癌脑转移/骨转移的预后意义

目的分析Cho/Cr比值联合神经元特异性烯醇化酶(neuron-specific enolase, NSE)对肺癌脑转移/骨转移疗效及预测意义。 方法选择2016年1月至2022年1月我院收治的60例肺癌脑转移和61例骨转移患者,按预后分为单纯组79例和多发转移组42例。治疗结束一周行磁共振MRS检查,计算肿瘤实质区胆碱/肌酸(Cho/Cr)水平,检测患者NSE水平。 结果单纯组Cho/Cr为(23.82±4.12),NSE为(26.95±3.84) ng/ml;多发转移组Cho/Cr为(53.12±6.27),NSE为(35.19±5.02 )ng/ml。单纯组Cho/Cr及NSE水平低于多发转移组(P<0.05);Cho/Cr及NSE与患者预后,OR分别为1.861(95%CI：1.223~2.830)和1.857(95%CI：1.257~2.743),P<0.05;Cho/Cr及NSE联合预测预后质量模型为log(P)＝0.621×Cho/Cr+0.619×NSE+0.592;单独Cho/Cr预测灵敏度,特异度及AUC分别为88.61,83.33和0.872,单独NSE预测灵敏度,特异度及AUC分别为87.34,85.71和0.878,Cho/Cr及NSE联合预测灵敏度,特异度及AUC分别为96.20,95.24和0.957。Cho/Cr及NSE联合应用预测肺癌脑转移/骨转移预后质量的敏感度、特异度及AUC明显高于单独应用指标(P<0.05)。 结论Cho/Cr比值联合NSE与肺癌脑转移/骨转移患者疗效呈正相关,Cho/Cr比值联合NSE预测患者预后具有临床意义。     

Clinical efficacy of crizotinib in Chinese patients with ALK-positive non-small-cell lung cancer with brain metastases

Background

Crizotinib has been associated with intracranial disease control in anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with brain metastases. Continued crizotinib treatment has also been used for prolonged disease control in patients experiencing isolated central nervous system (CNS) failure. However, there are few studies of crizotinib efficacy in ALK-positive Chinese patients. Thus, we retrospectively investigated the clinical efficacy of crizotinib in Chinese ALK-positive NSCLC patients with brain metastases at baseline, and evaluated the clinical benefit of continuing crizotinib beyond CNS failure.

Methods

A total of 120 advanced ALK-positive NSCLC patients treated with crizotinib were enrolled with 38 having brain metastases at baseline. The objective response rate (ORR) and progression-free survival (PFS) were compared between patients with and without brain metastases at baseline. A subset of patients who developed CNS failure continued crizotinib treatment beyond progressive disease (PD), and the second PFS from the time of the first progression was also evaluated.

Results

The ORR of crizotinib was similar between patients with and without brain metastases at baseline (68.4% vs. 69.5%, P=0.904). However, the patients without brain metastases at baseline experienced a longer median PFS [10.0 months, 95% confidence interval (CI), 7.6-12.5 vs. 7.0 months, 95% CI, 6.4-7.6; P=0.021]. Among 88 patients with PD defined Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST), 33 developed CNS failure. A total of 24 patients who developed CNS failure continued crizotinib treatment beyond PD, and they achieved a second median PFS of 6.3 months (95% CI, 2.9-9.7).

Conclusions

Chinese ALK-positive NSCLC patients with brain metastases achieved a similar response to crizotinib and significantly shorter PFS compared to those without brain metastases at baseline. Continuous administration of crizotinib beyond PD in patients developing CNS failure appeared to be a valid treatment strategy.