硒酸精氨酸对D-gal衰老小鼠细胞免疫功能的影响

目的：探讨硒酸精氨酸对D-gal衰老小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法：将试验小鼠分为正常组、模型组、低剂量给硒组（L-SeArg）和高剂量给硒组（H-SeArg），通过后颈背部皮下注射D-gal建立亚急性衰老模型，以灌胃方式加入硒酸精氨酸，观察硒酸精氨酸对脾指数、胸腺指数的影响，MTT法检测脾细胞增殖能力和NK细胞的杀伤活性、免疫荧光法观察CD40、CD40L的阳性表达率。结果：硒酸精氨酸能明显提高小鼠胸腺指数和脾指数，促进淋巴细胞转化，提高NK细胞的杀伤活性，增加CIM0、CD40L的阳性表达率。2个剂量给硒组中，低剂量硒酸精氨酸的影响最大，与模型组相比有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论：D-gal能导致小鼠细胞免疫功能下降，硒酸精氨酸能活化免疫细胞，提高小鼠机体的免疫力，延缓衰老。     

中药免疫调节剂对小鼠细胞免疫功能的影响

目的探讨中药免疫调节剂对正常小鼠及环磷酰胺(Cy)所致免疫抑制小鼠细胞免疫功能的影响。方法以Cy诱导建立免疫抑制小鼠模型,给正常小鼠和免疫抑制小鼠饮服中药及生理盐水,采用MTT法检测淋巴细胞的增殖反应情况。结果试验各组小鼠脾细胞在48h培养时间内淋巴细胞转化率与各组含药血清加入到正常小鼠脾细胞反应体系中,在相同培养时间内的淋巴细胞转化率呈高度正相关。表现为在机体正常条件下,两个中药组与正常组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但均高于Cy组(P<0.05);在免疫抑制条件下,两个中药组明显高于正常对照组和Cy组(P<0.05),且中药免疫调节剂组优于玉屏风组(P<0.05);另外,50mL/L浓度的含药血清优于100mL/L浓度的含药血清(P<0.05)。结论该中药免疫调节剂能显著促进免疫抑制小鼠淋巴细胞的转化,而对正常小鼠作用不明显。     

硒对小鼠免疫功能的影响

本文通过对正常和免疫受抑小鼠免疫功能的测定，研究了亚硒酸钠（Ｎａ２ＳｅＯ３）对小鼠免疫功能的促进作用。实验结果表明：①适宜剂量的Ｎａ２ＳｅＯ３对正常小鼠抗绵羊红细胞（ＳＲＢＣ）抗体产生水平无明显影响（Ｐ〉０．１），但显著促进淋巴细胞转化率（Ｐ〈０．０１）、ＮＫ细胞活性（Ｐ〈０．００１）及腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬细胞（Ｐ〈０．０１）；②Ｎａ２ＳｅＯ３能使环磷酰胺所致免疫受抑小鼠的抗体产生水平和ＮＫ细胞活性     

透明质酸对淋巴细胞某些功能的影响

在体外培养条件下,观察了不同浓度的透明质酸(HA)对淋巴细胞转化和E花环形成的影响。结果表明:低浓度HA对淋巴细胞转化有促进作用,高浓度HA对淋巴细胞转化则有抑制作用;而HA对E花环的形成均有抑制作用,且抑制率与HA浓度成正相关。HA可在细胞周围形成一层亲水性外晕,阻碍细胞与细胞之间的信息交庄相接触,这可能是导致HA抑制淋巴细胞某些功能的主要机制。     

硒对生殖的影响

硒作为一个潜在的抗氧化剂,不仅影响睾丸的形态和功能,并影响附睾内的成熟精子。一定剂量的硒能拮抗氟及重金属的生殖毒性。硒不足也是雌性流产的原因之一。     

流行性出血热病毒对正常人外周血淋巴细胞转化的抑制效应

流行性出血热病毒对正常人外周血淋巴细胞转化的抑制效应吴振彪，陈龙邦，王树宽，李翠莹（第四军医大学西京医院临床免疫科，西安７１００３２）流性出血热（ＥＨＦ）患者外周血单个核细胞（ＰＢＭＣ）在ＰＨＡ刺激下产生ＩＬ－２的能力降低。但目前对造成ＥＨＦ患者非特...     

雷公藤甲素对正常人细胞免疫功能的影响

本文研究了雷公藤甲素对正常人外周血单个核细胞的增殖反应和ＩＬ－２的诱生，以及对红细胞免疫粘附功能的影响，结果表明：雷公藤甲素能明显抑制ＰＨＡ诱导的增殖反应和ＩＬ－２的诱生水平，并随着浓度的增加其抑制作用亦增强；此外，雷公藤甲素对红细胞的免疫粘附功能也有明显的抑制作用。本研究为雷公藤甲素应用于临床调控治疗提供了可靠的实验数据。     

亚硒酸钠对免疫功能影响的实验研究

硒对免疫功能的影响虽已有一些报导,但结果不甚一致。由于天然杀伤细胞(NK)、巨噬细胞(Mφ)等在肿瘤免疫中具有重要作用,笔者对亚硒酸钠(Na_2 SeO_3)在体内、外对小鼠脾细胞NK活性及Mφ毒性作用的影响进行了探讨。     

TGF—β1对CD4^—CD8^—胸腺淋巴细胞的影响

TGF—β_1是一种对多种细胞的增殖与分化具有重要作用的多肽,它能通过抑制细胞的增殖而发挥调节免疫作用,其机理目前尚不清楚。本文研究 TGF—β_1对 DN 细胞 IL-2R 表达及其细胞增殖的影响,结果发现 TGF—β_1能增加 DN 细胞 IL—2R 的表达和抑 DN 细胞的增殖。     

吸入糖皮质激素对哮喘儿童细胞免疫功能的影响

为了解糖皮质激素对免疫功能的作用，检测了哮喘发作期患儿。对经丙酸倍氯松（ＢＤＰ）吸入治疗的患儿及正常儿童外周血淋巴细胞膜ＩＬ－２受体（ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ）、超微结构、血浆游离ＩＬ－２受体（ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ）、淋巴细胞亚群及ＢＤＰ对体外培养淋巴细胞ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ的表达进行比较。结果显示，ＢＤＰ可以明显抑制ＰＨＡ刺激引起的体外培养淋巴细胞ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ的表达，引起淋巴细胞的凋亡，而吸入ＢＤＰ（２００μｇ／ｄ）的哮喘患儿（缓解期）除ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ比哮喘发作期显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０５）外，外周血淋巴细胞ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ及淋巴细胞亚群并未出现显著变化．结果提示，抑制淋巴细胞ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ表达和淋巴细胞活化可能是ＢＤＰ治疗哮喘等变态反应的重要机制之一。吸入ＢＤＰ主要是呼吸道局部作用，对全身细胞免疫指标影响不大     

X线头部照射对大鼠脾细胞ConA刺激反应及IL—2活性的影响

Wistar大鼠头部受10GyX线照射后48小时,脾细胞对ConA刺激反应明显增强。脾细胞浓度为5×10~6个/ml时,头部照射组与全身屏蔽照射组的反应比值平均为3.20(P<0.01),反应增强持续到照后5天(比值为3.09,P<0.05);脾细胞浓度为2.5×10~6个/ml时,反应比值为1.72(P<0.05),照后5天增强不显著。上述反应增强伴有脾重下降和有核细胞数减少。照后9天,反应达对照水平。头部10Gy照射后5天,脾细胞体外培养24小时的IL-2产量减少。照后2及9天变化不显著。实验结果说明,头部X线照射对机体免疫功能可产生明显影响。讨论了神经和内分泌系统在上述变化发生机理中的可能意义。     

四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠免疫状态及胰岛素免疫调节作用的研究

本文以四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠为模型,探讨了糖尿病小鼠在高血糖低胰岛素状态下对免疫器官、自然杀伤活性细胞、脾淋巴细胞增殖及IL-2产生的影响。结果表明,高血糖低胰岛素状态可致小鼠脾脏及胸腺明显萎缩,脾细胞总数减少(均P<0.01)。体内YAC-1细胞清除率降低,淋巴细胞对ConA的增殖反应及IL-2产生能力减弱。体外给予胰岛素可使病鼠淋巴细胞对ConA的增殖反应显著升高,IL-2合成增多,表明胰岛素具有重要的免疫调节作用。     

Effects of selenium in vitro on human T-lymphocyte functions and K-562 tumor cell growth

In vitro E-rosette formation, lymphocyte mitogenesis, and natural killer (NK) cell activity of human blood lymphocytes were strongly inhibited by high concentrations (10(-4) M) of sodium selenite, sodium selenate, and selenium dioxide. Lower concentrations (10(-5) or 10(-7) M) also inhibited E-rosette formation and natural killer cell activity against K-562 tumor cells. Lymphocyte transformation induced by concanavalin A (con A) or pokeweed mitogen (PWM) was also inhibited by all selenium compounds tested, but only at the highest concentrations (10(-5) and 10(-4) M). There was depression of the total number of viable lymphocytes following incubation with selenium dioxide only at a high concentration (10(-4) M). Interferon production was enhanced at lower levels (10(-9) to 10(-6)M) of selenium dioxide while a higher concentration (10(-5) and 10(-4)M) appeared to inhibit its production. The mechanism of inhibition by selenium compounds (10(-4) M) is due, in part, to the decrease of viable lymphocytes. It is unclear how other and lower concentrations (10(-7) or 10(-9) M) of selenium compounds inhibit E-rosette formation, NK activity, or K-562 tumor cell growth.     

In vitro effect of a ribosomal extract of Klebsiella pneumoniae on normal human polymorphonuclear neutrophil functions

The in vitro effect of a ribosomal extract of Klebsiella pneumoniae on polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) from 22 healthy subjects was assessed. With the concentrations used (2, 4 and 6 micrograms/10(6) cells), no significant modification of the superoxide anion production was observed. While random migration was only slightly reduced, the chemotactic response of PMNs toward zymosan activated serum was significantly decreased with the three concentrations of the ribosomal extract. The inhibitory effect observed in the chemotactic activity was not due to an alteration of the viability of PMNs, but could have been caused by the presence of endotoxins not removed during the ribosomal extract preparation. It is suggested that the beneficial effect of this ribosomal preparation on defense mechanisms is not related to a direct action of the drug on normal polymorphonuclear leukocytes.     

Increased expression of complement receptor type 1 (CR1, CD35) on human peripheral blood T lymphocytes after polyclonal activation in vitro

The receptor for C3b and C4b—complement receptor type 1 (CR1, CD35)—is present on a variety of cell types including erythrocytes, phagocytic cells, B lymphocytes and a small sub-population of T lymphocytes. The function of the receptor varies according to the different cell types, but a T lymphocytes the function is as yet not known. The present study concerns the influence of polyclonal stimulation on CR1-expressing T lymphocytes. Incubation with PHA resulted in a dose-dependent increase in the number of CR1-positive T lymphocytes. The CR1-expression T lymphocytes were found in both the CD4- and the CD8-positive subpopulation, but a significant stimulatory increase was only found in the CD4-positive population. A significant increase in the number of CR1-expressing T lymphocytes was found when monocytes were present during stimulation, indicating an importance of monocytes and/or monocyte products. However, the increase was not regulated by arachidonic acid metabolites of the cyclo-oxygenase pathway as indomethacin failed to inhibit the increase. Neither did rIL-Iα, rIL-1β, rTNFα nor rIL-6 alter the number of CR1-expressing T lymphocytes. The results of this study indicate a role for CR1 on T lymphocytes in the regulation of the immune system.     

In vitro effects of platelet factor 4 on normal human neutrophil functions

Platelet factor (PF4) prepared from human outdated platelets by heparinagarose affinity chromatography was confirmed to be chemotactic for human neutrophils and in a concentration-dependent fashion caused significant release of lysosomal enzymes (myeloperoxidase, lysozyme, beta-glucuronidase) from human neutrophils treated with cytochalasin B. Lysosomal enzyme release from PF4-stimulated neutrophils was rapid and reached a plateau by 1-3 min. PF4 did not cause release of the cytoplasmic enzyme lactate dehydrogenase which indicates that exocytosis of granule-containing lysosomal enzymes did not result from cytolysis. In contrast, superoxide anion generation from human neutrophils stimulated with PF4 was undetectable even at the highest PF4 concentration tested (2 X 10(-5) M). Pretreatment of neutrophils with PF4 caused significant increased adherence of neutrophils to plastic surfaces and cultured pulmonary artery endothelial cells. The concentration of PF4 that elicited neutrophil chemotaxis, lysosomal enzyme release and increased adherence is slightly higher than those concentrations found in normal human sera. However, the results suggest that PF4 may be an important mediator in neutrophil-platelet interactions and the induction of acute inflammation especially at sites of platelet microthrombi where the concentration of PF4 would be elevated.     

妊娠17～37周正常和感染胎儿的T细胞免疫

目的探讨妊娠17-37周正常和宫内感染胎儿的T细胞免疫。方法超声引导下行脐带穿刺术收集129例胎儿外周血,其中97例为正常对照组胎儿血,32例为宫内感染组胎儿血(单纯疱疹病毒感染、弓形虫感染、风疹病毒感染),采用双色免疫荧光标记流式细胞仪技术测定胎儿外周血T细胞亚群百分率,3H-TdR掺入法检测T细胞增殖能力,分析生理状态下胎儿的T细胞亚群和T细胞增殖情况、宫内感染时胎儿T细胞亚群和增殖反应的变化。结果生理状态下胎儿CD3 、CD4 、CD8 T细胞百分率随孕龄增长而增加(P<0.01),相关系数为:r(CD3 )=0.63、r(CD4 )=0.45、r(CD8 )=0.27。CD4 /CD8 比值,CD8 HLA-DR 、CD3 CD45RO 、CD3 CD45RA T细胞百分率,T细胞增殖能力与孕龄无相关。CD3 CD45RA T细胞百分率为(96±2)%。宫内感染时,胎儿CD3 、CD4 、CD8 HLA-DR T细胞百分率减少,CD8 T细胞百分率增多,CD4 /CD8 比值降低,T细胞增殖能力下降,与正常对照组相比差异显著。CD3 CD45RO 、CD3 CD45RA T细胞百分率无明显变化。结论妊娠17-37周胎儿各T细胞亚群百分率随孕龄增长情况不同,但多数仍处于“初始状态”;宫内感染时,胎儿容易产生T细胞免疫抑制。     

In vitro adsorption of colon cancer sera over staphylococcus protein a: lymphocyte stimulation by leakage of adsorbance

Summary Serum factors may be responsible for reduced host-anti-tumor defence. Although there is still confusion about their origin, attempts have been made to immobilize serum components by Protein A columns as a therapeutic modality. In our study the in vitro adsorption of 90% of the IgG from cancer sera on immobilized protein A did not influence the inhibitory serum activity as measured in a mixed lymphocyte culture. Therefore, IgG or immune complexes do not seem to be the suppressive serum factor in patients with advanced colorectal carcinoma. There is evidence for leakage of small amounts of protein A from the columns which have immunostimulatory activity. Perhaps this may explain necrosis after a therapeutic immunoadsorption.Abbreviations CEA Carcinoembryonal antigen - C Effluent Unadsorbed fraction - C Eluate Adsorbed fraction - CP Cancer plasma - CPG Controlled pore glass beads - CPM Counts per minute - C Sera Sera from patients with metastatic colorectal cancer - HSA Human serum albumin - ³H-Tdr ³H-thymidine - MLC Mixed lymphocyte culture - NP Control plasma - N Sera Sera from healthy persons - PBMNC Peripheral blood mononuclear cells - PBS Phosphate-buffered saline - PI Untreated plasma probes - RPMI 1640 Culture medium (Ross Park Memorial Institute) - SAC Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I - SAW Staphylococcus aureus Wood - SpA Purified staphylococcal protein A Supported by the BMFT, project no. 03/8410/0     

In vitro effects of vanadate on human immune functions

Vanadium (V) is an element with wide industrial applications and environmental release. The object of this study was to determine the in vitro effects of high (10(-4) M) and low (10(-7) M) concentrations of sodium metavanadate (NaVO3) on cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proliferation, cytokine release, CD expression, and granulocyte O2- production. At 10(-4) and 10(-7) M, NaVO3 did not modify PBMC proliferation in the absence of phytohemagglutinin (PHA). On the other hand, 10(-4) M NaVO3 reduced by -25% the PBMC proliferation in PHA-stimulated cultures, with a significant reduction of the stimulation index (SI) of blastogenesis. Moreover, 10(-4 M NaVO3 significantly reduced the release of IFN-gamma by PHA-stimulated PBMCs, and 10(-7) M NaVO3 significantly enhanced the release of TNF-alpha. In addition, IL-5 release was significantly inhibited by high concentration of sodium metavanadate and significantly enhanced by low concentration of NaVO3. Neither 10(-4) nor 10(-7) M NaVO3 modified the expression of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, or CD56+ in PHA-stimulated and unstimulated lymphocytes. Finally, 10(-4) M NaVO3 reduced the granulocyte production of O2- by about 70%, while 10(-7) vanadate reduced its production to a lesser extent. These results show that 10(-4) M NaVO3 exerts inhibitory effects on PBMCs, while at 10(-7) M it exerts a stimulatory action with a slight shift of the immune response towards a Th2-type response. This investigation suggests that environmental V can have important effects on the human immune system.     

In vitro effect of thymosin on T-lymphocyte rosette formation in rheumatic diseases.

The in vitro effect of calf thymosin fraction 5 on T-rosette forming cells (E-RFC) was studied in Sjögren's syndrome (SS), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The baseline percent E-RFC in sixteen normal controls was67-2 +/- 6-9. E-RFC was significantly decreased in SLE (42-6 +/- 17-0, P less than 0-0001) and SS (51-8 +/- 16-9, P less than 0-002) but not in RA (59-7 +/- 14-1). Ten of twenty-five SS patients and two of eleven RA patients had less than 50% E-RFC, and all showed a significant increase after incubation with thymosin (+ 16-5 +/- 6-5%, P less than 0-0001, and + 11 +/- 4-9%, P less than 0-001, respectively). Eleven of sixteen SLE patients had less than 50% E-RFC. Their response to thymosin was less dramatic but still statistically significant (+ 5-3 +/- 6-0%, P = 0-03). There was no response to thymosin in control subjects or in patients with baseline E-RFC greater than 50%. No increase in E-RFC was seen after incubation with calf spleen fraction 5 or known stimulators of cyclic-AMP. Sera from four active SLE patients, as well as the supernatant obtained from overnight culture of the lymphocytes from one SLE patients, were able to block T-rosette formation by normal lymphocytes, even after exposure to thymosin. Two 'blocking' sera were fractionated by sucrose density gradient ultracentrifucation. In one, the blocking capacity was found to reside in the 19S region containing IgM. In the second, the blocking capacity was in the 7S region containing IgG. Four 'blocking' lupus sera were depleted of IgG or IgM by immunoabsorption with goat anti-human IgG or goat anti-human IgM sepharose 4B. The blocking ability in three sera was partially decreased by depletion of either IgG or IgM, and in a fourth, only by removing IgG. The percent of lymphocytes staining with fluorescein labelled goat anti-human immunoglobulin antisera was increased in SLE patients (35-9 +/- 20-2 vs 21-7 +/- 5-9 in controls, P = 0-02). After overnight culture, the percent of staining cells decreased to normal values. These results suggest that thymosin can stimulate the differentiation of T-lymphocytes in patients with SS, SLE, and RA when the baseline E-RFC is decreased. Furthermore, the decreased percent E-RFC in SLE is probably due to cell-bound anti-lymphocyte antibodies that block sheep erythrocyte receptors on the T-cell and, possibly, thymosin receptors on undifferentiated lymphocytes.