动态24小时食管pH值监测小儿胃食管反流

为了解２４小时食管ｐＨ值监测在小儿胃食管返流诊治中的作用。研究小儿病理性ＧＥＲ的特点及其主仍断标准，对５０例经钡餐造影诊为ＧＥＲ的患儿进行动态２４小时食管内ＰＨ值监测，３０例健康小儿为对照组，复查１３例病理性ＧＥＲ患儿治疗后结果表明，ＧＥＲ组各项返流同于对照组。     

胃食管双pH监测小儿十二指肠胃食管返流

采用胃、食管双ｐＨ电极对２１例１～１２个月小儿进行２４ｈｐＨ值监测。７例无返流小儿为对照组，１４例有返流的小儿中９例为酸性返流（６４％），５例（３６％）为碱性返流即十二指肠胃食管返流（其中４例合并酸性返流）。碱性返流可引起严重的食管病变。传统的单一食管下端ｐＨ监测难以作出准确诊断，增加胃底ｐＨ监测为准确判定返流，特别是十二指肠胃食管返流提供重要根据，对于提高胃食管返流诊断率和指导临床对不同类型的返流进行有效治疗具有重要意义。     

动态24小时食管pH值监测小儿胃食管返流

为了解２４小时食管ｐＨ值监测在小儿胃食管返流（ＧＥＲ）诊治中的作用，研究小儿病理性ＧＥＲ的特点及其诊断标准，对５０例经钡餐造影诊为ＧＥＲ的患儿进行动态２４小时食管内ｐＨ值监测，３０例健康小儿为对照组，复查１３例病理性ＧＥＲ患儿治疗后（９例为手术治疗）的食管ｐＨ值。结果表明，ＧＥＲ组各项返流指标显著高于对照组。对照组中１例为病理性ＧＥＲ，ＧＥＲ组３１例为病理性，另１９例则为生理性。１３例食管裂孔疝（ＨＨ）患儿均有明显的病理性返流，其各项返流指标除ｐＨ值＜４次数外均显著高于单纯病理性ＧＥＲ；ＨＨ组卧位时返流≥５分钟次数、最长返流时间、总ｐＨ值＜４的时间占总观察时间的百分比和平均返流周期均显著大于立位时；单纯病理性ＧＥＲ组卧位时返流≥５分钟次数、最长返流时间和平均返流周期显著大于立位时，而返流次数则小于立位时。提示小儿病理性ＧＥＲ以卧位时明显，伴有食管裂孔疝者返流更为严重。动态２４小时食管内ｐＨ值监测可用于小儿ＧＥＲ的诊断、分析和疗效评定。     

小儿胃食管反流病24小时食管pH监测1160例体会

为探讨24h 小时pH监测在小儿胃食管反流病（GERD）诊治中的作用,本院应用例携式24hpH自动记录仪对临床疑诊GERD患儿1160例进行1252次监测,报告如下。     

24小时食管pH及压力测定对胆总管囊肿术后胃食管反流的监测

目的 24h食管pH及压力测定及胆总管囊肿术后胃食管反流的监测。方法 对10年期63例先天性胆总管囊肿患儿中18例术后进行了24h食管双极pH及压力测定。结果 8例患儿出现胃食管反流,行囊肿切除肝管空肠Roux-Y吻合加抗反流装置3例,囊肿空肠Roux-Y吻合,无人工套叠4例,有人工套叠1例。结论 先天性胆总管囊肿术后可出现胃食管反流,反流与食管廓清运动能力无关,可能与异常的十二指肠活动有关。     

小儿慢性咳嗽与胃食管反流的关系

目的探讨小儿慢性咳嗽与胃食管反流(GER)的关系。方法对170例慢性咳嗽患儿进行24h食管pH监测,32例无症状小儿作为对照。结果病例组各项食管酸反流指标如酸反流次数、反流≥5min次数、最长反流时间、酸性反流指数及Boix-Ochoa综合评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(Z=3.025～4.661,P均<0.01)。根据GER诊断标准,病例组GER检出率为37.1%(63/170例),高于对照组的3.1%(1/32例),差异有统计学意义(χ2=14.327,P<0.01)。2个月～1岁组、～3岁组和>3岁组的GER阳性率分别为47.4%(27/57例)、41.5%(17/41例)和26.4%(19/72例),差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.453,P<0.05)。结论GER与小儿慢性咳嗽关系密切,尤其是3岁以下的婴幼儿;食管pH监测对于明确小儿慢性咳嗽的原因有重要的临床价值。     

胃食管双PH监测小儿十二脂肠胃食管返流

采用胃、食管双ＰＨ电极对２１例１～１２个月个月小儿进行２４ｈｐＨ值监测。７例无返流小儿为对照组，１４例有返流的小儿中９例为酸性返流（６４％），５例（３６％）为碱性返流即十二指肠胃食管返流（其中４例合并酸性返流）。碱性返流可引起严重的食管病变。传统的单一食管下端ＰＨ监测难以作出准确诊断，增加胃底ＰＨ监测为准确羊定返流，特别是十二脂肠胃食管返流提供重要根据，对于提高胃食管返流诊断率和指导临床对不同类型     

近端食管胃酸反流与胃食管反流患儿呼吸道症状的关系

目的了解胃食管反流(GER)患儿近端食管胃酸反流与呼吸道症状发生的关系。方法采用食管双pH动态监测法,对31例单纯性呕吐、23例伴有反复呼吸道症状的GER患儿同时监测食管近端和远端pH值的变化,以35例健康儿作为对照组。结果单纯呕吐组远端食管各项酸反流指标、近端食管酸反流指标除最长反流时间外均大于对照组,差异有显著性;呼吸道症状组远端食管、近端食管各项酸反流指标均大于对照组,差异有显著性;但单纯呕吐组与呼吸道症状组相比较,无论在近端食管还是在远端食管,各项指标的差异无显著性;病例组远端食管各项酸反流指标均大于近端食管,差异有显著性。结论近端食管酸反流并不是GER患儿发生呼吸道症状的主要因素,而远端食管酸反流是小儿GER的主要反流形式。     

小儿慢性咽喉炎与胃食管反流的关系

目的探讨小儿慢性咽喉炎与胃食管反流（GER）的关系。方法对37例慢性咽喉炎患儿进行24h食管pH监测,30例无症状儿作为对照。结果病例组各项食管酸反流指标如酸反流次数、反流≥5min次数、最长反流时间、酸性反流指数及Boix-Ochoa综合评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（Z=2.673～4.144,P均〈0.01）。病例组GER检出率（40.5%,15/37例）高于对照组（3.3%,1/30例）,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=12.617,P〈0.01）。结论GER与小儿慢性咽喉炎关系密切;对常规治疗效果差的慢性咽喉炎患儿要考虑到GER的可能,及时进行有关检测。     

小儿胃食管反流病的治疗

胃食管反流（gastroesophageal reflux,GER）是指胃内容物包括从十二指肠流入胃的胆盐和胰酶反流入食管,可分为病理性和生理性,生理性反流可发生在正常的儿童,空腹或睡眠的情况下不发生反流;病理性反流是发作频繁或持续,导致了食管炎、食管不适的症状或呼吸道疾病等。胃食管反流的治疗是一个较长的过程,包括改变生活方式、内科药物治疗和外科手术治疗。要根据对患儿生活质量（尤其与健康相关的生活质量）的影响和治疗的经济性来选择治疗方式和药物。儿童大多数病理性反流经保守治疗,能获得满意的效果。     

小儿哮喘与胃食管返流的研究

为探讨小儿哮喘与胃食管返流（ＧＥＲ）的关系，采用便携式ｐＨ自动记录仪对４１例反复发作的哮喘患儿进行了２４小时食管ｐＨ值监测，以２０例健康儿作为对照组。结果：哮喘组胃食管返流发生率为５３．７％（２２／４１），显著高于对照组（０／２０）；哮喘组Ｂｏｉｘ－Ｏｃｈｏａ综合评分、酸性返流指数、返流≥５分钟次数均显著大于对照组，而ｐＨ值＜４的次数、最长返流持续时间则与对照组差异无显著意义（Ｐ＞０．０５）。提示：反复发作的哮喘患儿胃食管返流发生率较高，哮喘与胃食管返流之间有密切的关系。     

窒息后新生儿胃食管测压及双pH监测的研究

目的探讨出生窒息对新生儿胃肠运动功能的影响。方法用多导生理记录仪测定了３５例窒息后新生儿和１７名对照新生儿的食管和胃内压力，并用晶体锑双ｐＨ微电极和便携式２４小时ｐＨ记录仪，对受试者进行了２４小时胃食管双ｐＨ动态监测。结果两组食管及胃内测压差异不显著；双ｐＨ动态监测发现，窒息组反映酸性胃食管返流的各项参数均明显高于对照组，其中酸性返流指数窒息组／对照组为７．１／１．３；返流次数为１３７．４／２８．５；返流＞５分钟的次数５．９／０．７；ｐＨ＜４总时间１５７．０／２０．１；食管廓清时间１．０／０．４，差异均有非常显著意义（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论窒息后新生儿酸性胃食管返流较对照组明显增加，各项参数已超过病理性胃食管返流诊断标准     

Helicobacter pylori infection and gastroesophageal reflux in asthmatic children

The aim of this article is to investigate the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection, frequency of gastroesophageal reflux (GER), existence of atopy and levels of serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) in children with bronchial asthma. One hundred and thirty seven children who were diagnosed as bronchial asthma and/or wheezy child aged between 1 and 17 years were enrolled into the study. Peripheral venous blood samples were obtained to determine the total IgE and HP IgG antibody levels. GER was evaluated by the scintigraphic method and the presence of atopy was investigated by skin prick test. The study was conducted in 86 (62.8%) boys and 51 (37.2%) girls. HP IgG antibody levels were found negative in 125 (91.2%) and positive in 12 (8.8%) cases. GER was detected in 73 (53.7%) of the children. Forty-one (37.3%) children were accepted as atopic according to skin prick test results. The average total IgE levels of the participants was 168.89 +/- 270.76 IU/ml. A significant difference could not be determined related to GER, atopy frequency and serum IgE levels between the cases who had HP antibody positivity or not. The present findings suggest that the rate of HP antibody positivity is low in patients with bronchial asthma and a significant difference could not be determined in GER, and atopy between patients with positive and negative HP antibodies. High atopy frequency found in our patient group raises the question of whether allergic diseases can be protective against fecal-oral infectious diseases.     

24 Сʱθʳ�ܶ�̬˫pH ��⼼����������θʳ�ܷ�����ؼ����е�Ӧ��

??The 24-hour intraesophageal pH monitoring is a widely used method in diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux diseases. It has been regarded as the diagnositic standard of these diseases. Due to the technical limitation?? the traditional pH monitoring can only show the acid refluxes in the lower esophagus instead of the mixed and alkaline ones. As a result?? there is inevitably a proportional rate of misdiagnosis in the traditional pH monitoring. The 24-hour gastric and esophageal double pH monitoring can perfectly solve this problem. In this method?? both the gastric and esophageal pH is recorded for 24 hours. Both the acid refluxes in the lower esophagus and the duodenogastric reflux and the mixed and alkaline refluxes can be clearly demonstrated. With improvement of accuracy?? the 24-hour gastric and esophageal double pH monitoring has been used in adults and adolescent?? but rarely in the neonates. In this paper??the key point of this method and its application in neonates and prematures was reviewed and introduced.