Dauricine in hibited L-type calcium current in single cardiomyocyte of guinea pig

目的：研究蝙蝠葛碱对豚鼠心室肌细胞Ｌ型钙电流的阻断作用及其特性．方法：利用全细胞记录方法，记录单个豚鼠心室肌细胞Ｌ型钙电流．结果：蝙蝠葛碱１，１０，１００μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１可使钙电流分别减少１５２％±２２％，４１％±５％，８２％±８％．冲洗后，可使钙电流部分恢复，蝙蝠葛碱具有浓度依赖性阻断钙电流的作用．在刺激频率３Ｈｚ与１Ｈｚ，其阻断钙电流的程度相似．结论：蝙蝠葛碱具有阻断Ｌ型钙电流的作用     

蝙蝠葛碱对豚鼠心室肌细胞钾电流的阻断作用(英文)

目的:研究蝙蝠葛碱对豚鼠心室肌细胞快激活(I_(Kr))和慢激活(I_(Ks))延迟整流钾电流及内向整流钾电流(I_(K1))的作用。方法:酶解法制备单个心室肌细胞。电压箝制方式下全细胞记录豚鼠单个心室肌细胞钾通道电流。结果:蝙蝠葛碱1-100μmol·L~(-1)浓度依赖性阻断I_(Ks),I_(Ks-tail)[IC_(50)=33(95 ％可信限:24-46)μmol·L~(-1)]及I_(Kr),I_(Kr-tail)[IC_(50))=16 (95％可信限:13-22)μmol·L~(-1)]。对I_(Ks-tail),I_(Kr-tail)的去激活过程无明显影响,给药前的时间常数分别为(92±18)ms和(140±38)ms,给药后分别为(84±16)ms和(130±26)ms(P>0.05)。蝙蝠葛碱对I_(Ks)的抑制作用具有电压依赖性。 蝙蝠葛碱20μmol·L~(-1)对I_(K1)的内向部分具有阻断作用。结论:蝙蝠葛碱对I_(Kr)和I_(Ks)具有阻断作用,但不影响此两种成分的去激活过程. 蝙蝠葛碱同时具有阻断I_(K1)的作用。     

粉防己碱对分离的豚鼠心室肌单细胞动作电位及钙通道电流的影响

用自行研制的膜片钳实验系统，研究粉防己碱对分离的豚鼠心室肌单细胞动作电位及钙电流的影响。在电流钳制方式下，给予脉宽３ｍｓ，０．５Ｈｚ电流刺激，引出单细胞动作电位，粉防己碱３０μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１可使ＡＰＤ５０缩短７２．２％，ＡＰＤ９０缩短４４．０％，而静息电住，动作电位幅值无明显改变，在电压钳方式下，保持电位－４０ｍＶ，给予脉宽１５０ｍ５、０．５Ｈｚ去极化刺激可记录到Ｌ型钙通道电流，０．３～３００μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１粉防己碱浓度依赖性地阻滞钙电流，ＩＣ５０＝１３．３μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１．粉防己碱对钙通道的电流－电压关系无明显影响。     

白花前胡甲素对豚鼠单一心室肌细胞钙电流的频率依赖性阻断作用

本文利用全细胞膜片钳制技术，观察了白花前胡有效成分Ｐｒａ－Ａ对豚鼠单一心室肌细胞钙电流的影响．结果表明：１，１０，１００μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１Ｐｒａ－Ａ可使钙电流峰值变小，随浓度增加，作用加强；１０μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１Ｐｒａ－Ａ对钙电流的抑制具使用依赖性和频率依赖性．结果提示Ｐｒａ－Ａ对钙电流的阻断作用可能是白花前胡抗心律失常作用的机理之一；Ｐｒａ－Ａ可能对快速型心律失常有防治作用．     

Blocking effects of phentolamine on L-type calcium current and ATP-sensitive potassium current in guinea pig ventricular myocytes

目的：研究酚妥拉明对豚鼠心室肌细胞Ｌ型钙电流及ＡＴＰ敏感钾电流的作用．方法：用膜片钳的全细胞记录方式观察钙电流和ＡＴＰ敏感钾电流．结果：酚妥拉明５，２５和１００μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１对钙电流呈浓度依赖性和非电压依赖性的抑制作用，抑制率分别为１７％，２３％和３０％，而对电流电压关系没有影响．这一抑制作用与酚妥拉明对α１和α２受体的作用无关．酚妥拉明１００μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１可显著抑制ＤＮＰ诱导产生的ＡＴＰ敏感钾电流，抑制率为７５％．结论：酚妥拉明显著抑制豚鼠心室肌细胞Ｌ型钙电流和ＡＴＰ敏感钾电流．     

甲基莲心碱对心肌细胞I_(Na)、I_(Ca-L)及稳态外向K~+电流的影响

目的　为证明甲基莲心碱（ Ｎｅｆｅｒｉｎｅ, Ｎｅｆ） 对单个心肌细胞离子通道电流的影响及抗心律失常作用的离子通道机制。方法　采用全细胞记录膜片钳技术,记录了 Ｎｅｆ 对培养大鼠心室肌细胞钠电流（ Ｉ Ｎａ） 及豚鼠心室肌细胞动作电位、 Ｉ Ｎａ 、 Ｌ 型钙电流（ Ｉ Ｃａ Ｌ） 及稳态外向 Ｋ＋ 电流的影响。结果　 Ｎｅｆ ３０ ,１００ μｍｏｌ· Ｌ－ １ 明显抑制培养大鼠心室肌细胞 Ｉ Ｎａ ,分别从对照水平的（３４ ±０７） ｎ Ａ 降至（２１ ±０５） 和（０４ ±０２） ｎ Ａ。 Ｎｅｆ １０ μｍｏｌ· Ｌ－ １ 可降低豚鼠心室肌细胞动作电位振幅、静息电位,延长动作电位时程。 Ｎｅｆ １０ ,３０ μｍｏｌ· Ｌ－ １ 分别使豚鼠心室肌细胞 Ｉ Ｎａ 及 Ｉ Ｃａ Ｌ从给药前的（７９ ±２１） ｎ Ａ 和（６８９ ±２４３） ｐ Ａ 降至（４０ ±１４） 、（１３ ±０６） ｎ Ａ和（３７４ ±１７２） 、（１０９ ±６７） ｐ Ａ。 Ｎｅｆ １０ μｍｏｌ· Ｌ－ １ 还抑制 Ｉ Ｎａ 、稳态外向 Ｋ＋ 电流和 Ｉ Ｃａ Ｌ的 Ｉ Ｖ 曲线并使后者的峰值电流电位略右移。结论　 Ｎｅｆ 有钠、 Ｌ 型钙通道阻滞作用并抑制稳态外向 Ｋ＋ 电流,这些可解释     

小檗碱对豚鼠心室肌细胞L—及T—型钙离子通道的影响

目的：研究小檗碱（Ｂｅｒ）对心室肌细胞钙通道的影响。方法：全细胞膜片箝技术，结果：Ｂｅｒ（１０，３０μｍｏｌ．Ｌ＾－１）使豚鼠心室细胞Ｌ－型钙流由１４００±２４７ｐＡ分别减至９７８±２０４ｐＡ及６１７±２３ｐＡ（ｎ＝５，Ｐ〈０．０５），抑制效应呈浓度依赖及非频率依赖，其电流－电压曲线的峰值下降，Ｂｅｒ（１０μｍｏｌ．Ｌ＾－１）使Ｌ－型钙流失活曲线的最大半激活电压由－２７．８ｍＶ变为－３４．２ｍＶ，     

四氢巴马汀对豚鼠心室肌细胞跨膜内向Ca^2＋电流

目的：研究四氢巴马汀（ＴＨＰ）对豚鼠心室肌细胞膜Ｃａ＾２＋通道的作用。方法：分离豚鼠心室肌细胞，利用膜片箝技术观察，记录心室肌细胞膜跨膜内向钙电流（１Ｃａ）结果：ＴＨＰ灌流５ｍｉｎ后明显抑制豚鼠心肌肌细胞内向１Ｃａ，其作用呈现剂量效应关系，并具有频率依赖性，０．１，１，１０μｍｏｌ．Ｌ＾－１的ＴＨＰ使１ｃａ从１．１５±０．２２，０．９１±０．１８，１．６０±０．４２ｎＡ（ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ，ｎ＝５）分     

蝙蝠葛碱,硅尼丁和索他洛尔对离体乳头状肌动作电位时程的作用

目的：观察蝙蝠葛碱对豚鼠乳头状肌的动作电位是否具有使用依赖性特征，并与奎尼丁，索他洛尔作平行比较。方法；利用细胞内微电极技术记录豚鼠乳头状肌跨膜动作电位。结果：蝙蝠葛碱２０μｍｏｌ．Ｌ＾－１能明显延长乳头状肌跨膜动作电位时程，在刺激周长为２００，３００，４００，６００，８００，１０００，２０００ｍｓ时，其延长动作电位时程的百分率分别为２２±８，１１±６，９±５，７±５，６±３，４．３±２．８，４．     

M 受体阻断剂对粉防己碱心肌负性肌力作用的调节及其离子机理

研究Ｍ 受体阻断剂对粉防己碱（Ｔｅｔ）负性肌力作用的影响并探讨其机理．记录Ｔｅｔ对豚鼠离体左心房收缩力,兔心房肌细胞动作电位及豚鼠单个心室肌细胞Ｃａ２＋ ,Ｋ＋ 通道电流的作用及Ｍ 受体阻断剂的影响．Ｍ 受体阻断剂阿托品（０．０３ μｍ ｏｌ·Ｌ－ １）及Ｍ２ 受体亚型阻断剂ＡＦ－ＤＸ １１６（１．０ μｍ ｏｌ·Ｌ－ １）能使Ｔｅｔ负性肌力作用的量效曲线平行右移, ＥＣ５０（μｍ ｏｌ·Ｌ－ １）由２８．９±０．９ 分别增至１２５±２１ 和１２７±１３;Ｔｅｔ（１－ １００ μｍ ｏｌ·Ｌ－ １）浓度依赖性缩短兔心房肌细胞动作电位时程ＡＰＤ２０,ＡＰＤ５０, 此作用被阿托品（０．０３ μｍ ｏｌ·Ｌ－ １）部分拮抗,而Ｔｅｔ延长ＡＰＤ９０ 的作用不受阿托品的影响．阿托品（１μｍ ｏｌ·Ｌ－ １）部分拮抗Ｔｅｔ（３０ μｍ ｏｌ·Ｌ－ １）对豚鼠心室肌细胞Ｌ－型钙电流的阻滞作用,而不影响其抑制内向整流钾电流（ＩＫ１）的作用． １ μｍ ｏｌ·Ｌ－ １乙酰胆碱则能逆转Ｔｅｔ对ＩＫ１的抑制．Ｍ 受体阻断剂对Ｔｅｔ阻滞钙通道作用的影响可能是其拮抗Ｔｅｔ负性肌力作用的主要离子机理．     

4-氨基吡啶对豚鼠心室肌钙和钠电流的影响

目的研究4-氨基吡啶(4-AP)对心肌细胞L型钙通道和钠通道的影响。方法用全细胞膜片钳技术考察4-AP对豚鼠心室肌细胞L型钙电流和钠电流的作用。结果4-AP0.1,0.5,1.0mmol·L^-1浓度依赖性地抑制L型钙电流(I_Ca,L)和钠电流(I_Na),抑制率分别为(11.6±1.7)%,(37.5±8.3)%和(54.5±6.9)%以及(22.1±14.3)%,(39.4±8.8)%和(62.3±6.8)%。0.5mmol·L^-14-AP使I_Ca,L和I_NaI-V曲线均上移。结论4-AP可浓度依赖性地阻滞豚鼠心室肌细胞L型钙通道和钠通道。     

Electrophysiological safety of sibutramine HCl

Sibutramine is known to induce cardiovascular side effects such as tachycardia, vasodilation, and hypertension. The present study was aimed to examine the effects of sibutramine on action potential of guinea pig papillary muscle, recombinant hERG currents (IhERG), and inward currents (INa and ICa) of rat ventricular myocytes. Sibutramine at 30 mug/mL induced a shortening of action potential duration (APD) of guinea pig papillary muscle; on average, APD30 and APD90 were shortened by 23% and 17% at a stimulation rate of 1 Hz, respectively. Sibutramine suppressed the following currents: IhERG (IC50:2.408 +/- 0.5117 microg/mL), L-type Ca current (IC50:2.709 +/- 0.4701 microg/mL), and Na current (IC50:7.718 +/- 1.7368 microg/mL). Sibutramine blocked IhERG, ICa, and INa in a concentration-dependent manner. In conclusion, sibutramine exerted a shortening effect on APD in guinea pig papillary muscle through its more powerful blocking effects on ICa and INa rather than IhERG.     

DDPH inhibited L-type calcium current and sodium current in single ventricular myocyte of guinea pig.

AIM: To investigate the effects of 1-(2, 6-dimethylphenoxy)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl-ethylamino)propane hydrochloride (DDPH) on L-type calcium current (ICa) and sodium current (INa), and to compare its inhibitory potency with verapamil and mexiletine. METHODS: Whole-cell patch clamp technique was used to record ICa and INa in a single ventricular myocytes of guinea pig. RESULTS: (1) DDPH (3 - 300 micromol . L-1) decreased ICa at 0 mV in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC50 value of 28.5 micromol . L-1 (95 % confidence limits: 14.3 - 42.7 micromol . L-1, n = 8 cells from 8 guinea pigs). Verapamil (0.3 - 30 micromol . L-1) reduced ICa with an IC50 value of 1.8 micromol . L-1 (95 % confidence limits: 1.3 - 2.3 micromol . L-1, n = 6 cells from 6 guinea pigs). Mexiletine 100 micromol . L-1 did not affect ICa (n = 5 cells from 5 guinea pigs, P > 0.05). The degree of use-dependent blocking effect of DDPH 30 micromol/L on ICa was 58 % +/- 13 % (n = 5 cells from 5 guinea pigs, P < 0.01) at 1 Hz and 76 % +/- 11 % (n = 5 cells from 5 guinea pigs, P < 0.01) at 3 Hz. (2) DDPH (20 - 320 micromol . L-1) could also block INa in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC50 value of 89.0 micromol . L-1 (95 % confidence limits: 68.7 - 109.3 micromol . L-1, n = 9 cells from 9 guinea pigs). The IC50 value of mexiletine was 32.2 micromol . L-1 (95 % confidence limits: 11.7 - 52.7 micromol . L-1, n = 5 cells from 5 guinea pigs). Verapamil at the concentration of 10 micromol . L-1 did not affect INa (n = 5 cells from 5 guinea pigs, P > 0.05). The blocking effect of DDPH 80 micromol/L on INa was non use-dependent. CONCLUSION: DPH exhibited inhibitory effects on both ICa and INa, but its inhibitory effect on ICa was weaker than verapamil, and on INa was weaker than mexiletine.     

酚妥拉明对豚鼠心室肌细胞L型钙电流及ATP敏感钾电流的抑制作用

目的：研究酚妥拉明对豚鼠凡肌细胞Ｌ－型钙电流及ＡＴＰ敏感钾电流的作用。方法：用膜片钳的全细胞记录方式观察钙电流和ＡＴＰ敏感钾电流。结果：酚妥拉明５，２５和１００μｍｏｌ·Ｌ＾－１对钙电流呈浓度依赖性和非电压依赖性的抑制作用，抑制率分别为１７％，２３％和３０％，而对电流－电压关系没有影响。这一抑制作用与酚妥拉明对α１和α２受体的作用无关。酚妥拉明１００μｍｏｌ·Ｌ＾－１可显著抑制ＤＮＰ诱导产生的ＡＴ     

Naftopidil, a new alpha-adrenoceptor blocking agent with calcium antagonistic properties: characterization of Ca2+ antagonistic effects.

The newly developed antihypertensive agent naftopidil blocks alpha 1-adrenoceptors and inhibits Ca2+ entry via potential-dependent channels in vascular muscle. The aim of our study was to detect possible Ca2+ channel blocking activity in various isolated preparations of the guinea pig heart. Prazosin and verapamil were used for reference. In papillary muscles, 10 microM of all drugs reduced the force of contraction Fc. The action potential duration and the refractory period were hardly affected by naftopidil, decreased by verapamil, and slightly increased by prazosin. In constant-flow Langendorff hearts, the drugs reduced the perfusion pressure, decreased the Fc, and slowed the spontaneous heart rate (order of potency: verapamil much greater than naftopidil greater than prazosin). In voltage-clamped ventricular cardiomyocytes, the calcium current ICa was completely inhibited by verapamil (pD2 value of 6.9) and to 53.5% by naftopidil (pD2 value of 6.4). Prazosin (10 microM) decreased ICa by little more than 10%. There were no differences in the steady-state inhibition of ICa by the two enantiomers of naftopidil. The block of ICa was clearly use dependent. Radioligand binding studies with (+)-[3H]PN 200-110. (-)-[3H]desmethoxy-verapamil, and (+)-cis-[3H]diltiazem in guinea pig skeletal muscle T-tubulus membranes demonstrated that racemic naftopidil exhibited some affinity for the three distinct drug receptor domains of the L-type Ca2+ channel. In conclusion, the present data are consistent with the hypothesis that naftopidil is a weak ligand for L-type calcium channels. It partially blocks ICa and shows no stereoselectivity.     

异型南五味子丁素和戈米辛J对豚鼠心室肌细胞L—型钙离子通道的阻断作用

目的：研究异型南五味子丁素（HD）和戈米辛J（GJ）对豚鼠心肌L－型钙离子通道的作用。方法：全细胞膜片箝记录。结果：异型南五子丁素1,10μmol／L及戈米辛J10μmol／L可抑制L－型Ca^2 电流。HD和GJ对钙电流稳态激活都无影响,但它们可改变钙电流的稳态失活,提示两种药物作用于L－型钙通道的失活态.结论：HD和GJ对豚鼠心室肌细胞L－型钙离子通道有阻断作用。     

Effects of berberine of L- and T-type calcium channels in guinea pig ventricular myocytes.

AIM: To study the effects of berberine (Ber) on L-(ICa,L) and T-type (ICa,T) channels in isolated guinea pig ventricular myocytes. METHODS: Using whole cell patch-clamp recording technique. RESULTS: Ber 10, 30 mumol.L-1 inhibited the ICa, L from 1400 +/- 247 pA to 978 +/- 204 pA (n = 5 cells of 5 guinea pigs, P < 0.05), and to 664 +/- 179 pA (n = 5, P < 0.01), respectively. The inhibitory effect was concentration-dependent and non-frequency-dependent. The peak value of ICa,L in the current-voltage relationship was decreased. Ber affected the inactivation kinetics of ICa,L. The half activation potential (V0.5) was shifted from -27.8 mV to -34.2 mV and the slope factor (kappa) was changed from 9.22 into 13.03. Ber did not affect the activation kinetics. Ber 10 and 30 mumol.L-1 also inhibited ICa,T (from 154 +/- 80 pA to 101 +/- 78 pA, and to 48 +/- 45 pA, n = 8 cells of 5 guinea pigs, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Ber possessed blocking effects on both L- and T-type calcium channels.     

Different effects of endothelin-1 on calcium and potassium currents in canine ventricular cells

Effects of endothelin-1 (ET-1) on the L-type calcium current (ICa) and delayed rectifier potassium current (IK) were studied in isolated canine ventricular cardiomyocytes using the whole-cell configuration of the patch-clamp technique. ET-1 (8 nM) was applied in three experimental arrangements: untreated cells, in the presence of 50 nM isoproterenol, and in the presence of 250 microM 8-bromo-cAMP. In untreated cells, ET-1 significantly decreased the peak amplitude of ICa by 32.3+/-4.8% at +5 mV (P<0.05) without changing activation or inactivation characteristics of ICa. ET-1 had no effect on the amplitude of IK, Ito (transient outward current) or IK1 (inward rectifier K current) in untreated cells; however, the time course of recovery from inactivation of Ito was significantly increased by ET-1 (from 26.5+/-4.6 ms to 59.5+/- 1.8 ms, P < 0.05). Amplitude and time course of intracellular calcium transients, recorded in voltage-clamped cells previously loaded with the fluorescent calcium indicator dye Fura-2, were not affected by ET-1. ET-1 had no effect on force of contraction in canine ventricular trabeculae. Isoproterenol increased the amplitude of ICa to 263+/-29% of control. ET-1 reduced ICa also in isoproterenol-treated cells by 17.8+/-2% (P<0.05); this inhibition was significantly less than obtained in untreated cells. IK was increased by isoproterenol to 213+/-18% of control. This effect of isoproterenol on IK was reduced by 31.8+/-4.8% if the cells were pretreated with ET-1. Similarly, in isoproterenol-treated cells ET-1 decreased IK by 16.2+/-1.5% (P<0.05). Maximal activation of protein kinase A (PKA) was achieved by application of 8-bromo-cAMP in the pipette solution. In the presence of 8-bromo-cAMP ET-1 failed to alter ICa or IK It was concluded that differences in effects of ET-1 on ICa and IK may be related to differences in cAMP sensitivity of the currents.     

Electrophysiology of the mechanisms of action of the yew toxin, taxine, on the heart

The effects of the sulfate salt of taxine, the alkaloid mixture of the yew (Taxus baccata L.), on membrane currents of enzymatically isolated single ventricular cells of guinea pig were studied under current- or voltage clamp conditions. It was found that the drug inhibits both the sodium (INa) and the calcium current (ICa). The mean decrease of ICa and the maximum rate of rise of the action potential (dV/dtmax), an index of INa, and their standard errors under the influence of 10(-6), 10(-5), 10(-4) g/ml of taxine (control 100%) were 87.1 +/- 2.9, 67.8 +/- 2.8, 24.4 +/- 2.0 for the amplitude of ICa and 75.4 +/- 3.7, 53.3 +/- 7.5, 9.4 +/- 1.1 for dV/dtmax, respectively. Recovery from the effects of taxine is partially possible. Under the influence of taxine, inconsistent effects were observed on the potassium outward current. In conclusion the effect of taxine on the heart results from its ICa and INa inhibiting properties similar to those of other antiarrhythmic drugs.     

Fendiline inhibits L-type calcium channels in guinea-pig ventricular myocytes: a whole-cell patch-clamp study.

1. Fendiline, a diphenylalkylamine type of antianginal drug, was examined for its effects on L-type calcium channels in guinea-pig ventricular myocytes by the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. 2. Fendiline (0.3-100 microM) applied extracellularly inhibited the calcium channel current (ICa) in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The IC50 of fendiline was 17.0 +/- 2.43 microM and the Hill slope was 1.39 +/- 0.23. 3. Inhibition of ICa by fendiline appeared with an onset of less than 3 s. 4. Fendiline inhibited ICa at all the membrane potentials tested and shifted the current-voltage curve upwards. The overall calcium channel conductance (gCa) of the cell was reduced and conductance-voltage curve was shifted to the left in the presence of fendiline. 5. Isoprenaline (0.5-1 microM), a beta-adrenoceptor agonist, partially reversed the inhibitory effect of fendiline on ICa. 6. It is suggested that fendiline applied extracellularly blocks L-type calcium channels and reduces calcium channel conductance of the cell. The calcium channels thus inhibited are, nevertheless, still available for beta-adrenoceptor stimulation.