Changing Trend in the Prevalence and Emergence of Leptospira Serogroup-Specific Antibodies in Livestock in Gujarat,India

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences - The study was undertaken to investigate the frequency distribution of predominant...     

Pharmacoengineering: A New Frontier in Cutting-Edge Translational Pharmaceutical Research in India

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences - Modern engineering as a problem-solving approach can be integrated with the medical field to obtain rational...     

Carbon Stock Availability in Forests of the Zabarwan Mountain Range in Kashmir Himalaya

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences - Assessing forest carbon and its fluctuations in mountainous areas is especially important for carbon...     

Technological Advances in Commercial Forestry

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences - Biotechnological tools such as clonal propagation, haploid production, protoplast fusion, marker-assisted...     

Microbial Biomass and Activity in Relation to Accessibility of Organic Carbon in Saline Soils of Coastal Agro-Ecosystem

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences - In coastal agro-ecosystems, soil salinity follows a decreasing gradient from coastal margin towards inland...     

Livestock and Herder Activities in Traditional Husbandry System in Semi-Arid Rangeland of Iran

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences - Today, the economy is the key pillar of sustainable development, and economic efficiency in rural communities...     

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Roots and Rhizosphere of Black Rice in Terrace Fields of North-East India

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences - Morphological assessment of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal diversity in rhizosphere soils may not reflect...     

Sucrose-Metabolizing Enzyme Activities in Response to Plant Growth Substances in Pigeonpea Genotypes

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences - Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) is one of the most important pulse crops. Though the crop accumulates maximum...     

Seasonal Patterns in Moth Abundance and Species Diversity in the Northern Mountainous Forests of Iran

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences - Moth assemblages in mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest (MCBF), Persian ironwood-common hornbeam forest...     

Effect of Dietary Calcium on Adipogenesis Program and Its Role in Adipocyte Dysfunction in Male Wistar Rats

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences - Dietary calcium influences obesity-related adipocyte dysfunction by modulating body weight. The molecular...     

Readability and information density in biomedical research

OBJECTIVE: This study was performed in order to compare the lexicosyntactic readability, and the information density in the informed consent forms used in biomedical research, in comparison with standard scientific texts dedicated to the general population. In addition, we studied whether there is a correlation between information readability and density. METHODS: Fifteen informed consent forms, 6 articles from "Sciences et Avenir" and 6 articles from "Sciences et Vie Junior" were analyzed. The lexicosyntactic readability was calculated using the Flesh score, and the information density using the number of information bits related to the number of words. RESULTS: The lexicosyntactic readability was lower in the informed consent forms (25, 17-32) compared with "Sciences et Avenir" (32, 29-38), but even higher in "Sciences et Vie Junior" (42, 38-57). Conversely, the information density was similar in "Sciences et Vie Junior" (0.24, [0.21-0.27]) and the informed consent forms (0.24, [0.22-0.26]), but higher in "Sciences et Avenir" (0.32, [0.26-0.38]). CONCLUSION: Informed consent forms are less readable, but paradoxically less dense than scientific papers dedicated to the general population. There is no correlation between density and readability.     

Modulation of Carbohydrate Metabolism in Asiatic Rhinoceros Beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros [L]) Grubs in Response to Various Stressors

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences - Hemolymph of healthy grubs of Oryctes rhinoceros possesses trehalose content of...     

Genetic Dissection in Morphological Traits of Sesbania Genotypes

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences - An investigation was carried out to evaluate the genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance in...     

Evaluation of Carbon Sequestration Potential in Amla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.) Orchards in Semi-arid Region of India

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences - Carbon sequestration potential in terms of above and below ground biomass carbon and soil organic carbon in...     

Shade Trees Improve Soil Biological and Microbial Diversity in Coffee Based System in Western Ghats of India

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences - There are no comprehensive reports available on impact of shaded and un-shaded coffee agrosystems on soil...     

Zinc in Ruminants: Metabolism and Homeostasis

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences - Zinc is one of the most studied minerals of the twenty-first century as it is practically involved in every...     

Role of Taurine in Cellular Volume Regulation in Erythrocytes of Air-Breathing Catfish (Clarias magur) Under Osmotic Stress

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences - The present study investigated the role of taurine in cellular volume regulation of erythrocytes isolated...     

Applications of Biotechnology in Food and Agriculture: a Mini-Review

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences - Biotechnology is a wide-ranging science that uses modern technologies to construct biological processes,...     

Improvement of Growth,Photosynthesis and Antioxidant Defense in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Grown in Fly Ash-Amended Soil

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences - Due to the hostile conditions created by fly ash, its utilization in vegetation is restricted. Therefore, fly...     

Iron Homeostasis in Rice: Deficit and Excess

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences - Rice is the major food crop grown in all over the world mitigating 60–70% requirement of calories....