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1.
E.S. Bora R. Karaali P.Y. Akyol G. Yurtsever O. Erba 《Brazilian journal of medical and biological research》2021,54(12)
We aimed to reveal the anti-convulsant effects sulfasalazine and its mechanism in pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizures in rats. Forty-eight male Wistar albino rats (200-250 g) were randomly divided into two groups: 24 for electroencephalography (EEG) recording (group A) and 24 for behavioral studies (group B). About 70 mg/kg PTZ was used for behavioral studies after sulfasalazine administration and 35 mg/kg PTZ was used for EEG recording after sulfasalazine administration. Electrodes were implanted on the dura mater over the left frontal cortex and the reference electrode was implanted over the cerebellum for EEG recording. Racine’s convulsion scale, first myoclonic jerk onset time, spike percentages, brain malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) levels were evaluated between the groups. First myoclonic jerk onset time was significantly shorter in the saline group than both 250 and 500 mg/kg sulfasalazine groups (P<0.05). Racine''s convulsion scores were significantly lower in the 250 and 500 mg/kg sulfasalazine groups than the saline group (P<0.05, P<0.001). The two sulfasalazine groups had lower spike percentages than the saline group (P<0.05). Significantly lower MDA and PGF2α levels were observed in the 250 and 500 mg/kg sulfasalazine groups compared with the saline group (P<0.05, P<0.001, respectively). SOD increased significantly in both sulfasalazine groups compared with the PTZ+saline group (P<0.05). Our study demonstrated that sulfasalazine had protective effects on PTZ-induced convulsions by protecting against oxidative and inflammatory damage associated with PTZ. 相似文献
2.
R. Lucarini M.G. Tozatti M.L.A. Silva V.M.M. Gimenez P.M. Pauletti M. Groppo I.C.C. Turatti W.R. Cunha C.H.G. Martins 《Brazilian journal of medical and biological research》2015,48(9):822-830
This paper reports on the in vitro antibacterial and in
vivo anti-inflammatory properties of a hydroethanolic extract of the
aerial parts of Gochnatia pulchra (HEGP). It also describes the
antibacterial activity of HEGP fractions and of the isolated compounds genkwanin,
scutellarin, apigenin, and 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid, as evaluated by a broth
microdilution method. While HEGP and its fractions did not provide promising results,
the isolated compounds exhibited pronounced antibacterial activity. The most
sensitive microorganism was Streptococcus pyogenes, with minimum
inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 100, 50 and 25 µg/mL for genkwanin and the
flavonoids apigenin and scutellarin, respectively. Genkwanin produced an MIC value of
25 µg/mL against Enterococcus faecalis. A paw edema model in rats
and a pleurisy inflammation model in mice aided investigation of the
anti-inflammatory effects of HEGP. This study also evaluated the ability of HEGP to
modulate carrageenan-induced interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor alpha
(TNF-α), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) production. Orally
administered HEGP (250 and 500 mg/kg) inhibited carrageenan-induced paw edema.
Regarding carrageenan-induced pleurisy, HEGP at 50, 100, and 250 mg/kg diminished
leukocyte migration by 71.43%, 69.24%, and 73.34% (P<0.05), respectively. HEGP
suppressed IL-1β and MCP-1 production by 55% and 50% at 50 mg/kg (P<0.05) and 60%
and 25% at 100 mg/kg (P<0.05), respectively. HEGP abated TNF-α
production by macrophages by 6.6%, 33.3%, and 53.3% at 100, 250, and 500 mg/kg
(P<0.05), respectively. HEGP probably exerts anti-inflammatory effects by
inhibiting production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and MCP-1. 相似文献
3.
Kong Chunmei Zhao Zhujun Zhong Xiuhui 《African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines》2013,10(4):70-77
The study was conducted in order to investigate the immuno-enhancing property of the Chinese herbal formula, Gan lian Yu ping feng powder. Three hundred and thirty six 45-day-old chicks were randomly divided into eight groups. The chicks in groups A, B, C were orally given 0.25 g/mL (low-), 0.5 g/mL (middle-) and 1.0 g/mL (high) dose of Gan lian Yu ping feng powder in the drinking water respectively for 3 days consecutively. They were then immunised with infectious laryngotracheitis vaccine (ILTV) on the 4th day. Groups D, E, F were given 0.25 g/mL, 0.5 g/mL and 1.0 g/mL dose of Gan lian Yu ping feng powder respectively after the immunisation for three days consecutively. Group G was Wen du qing (a government approved herbal product for ILT) control group, and group H was blank control group. At 52, 59, 73, 87 days of age, 8 chicks of each group were selected randomly for blood sampling to determine the levels of IFN-γ, IL-4 and the antibody of ILT. Then the chickens were sacrificed, with the thymus, spleen and Bursa of Fabricius being weighed for the calculation of immune organ indexes. The results showed that high and middle dosages of Gan lian Yu ping feng powder given at the day before immunisation and 3 days after immunisation elevated not only the contents of IFN-γ, the antibody titers of ILT (P<0.01) and the immune organ indexes (P<0.05) significantly, but also reduced the contents of IL-4. There was a significantly different degree of enhancement in the content of IFN-γ, the antibody of ILT (P<0.01) and the immune organ index (P<0.05). The results indicate that Gan lian Yu ping feng powder effectively improves the immunity in chickens. 相似文献
4.
β-catenin and c-myc play important roles in the development of tissues and organs.
However, little is known about their expression patterns during the development of
the human common bile duct. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect β-catenin and
c-myc expression in common bile duct samples from postmortem tissues of 14 premature
infants and 6 spontaneously aborted fetuses. The expression of β-catenin and c-myc
was also analyzed by Western blot. The samples were divided into four groups based on
the stage of human fetal development: 12, 13-27, 28-37, and >37 weeks. The
Image-Pro Plus v. 6.0 image analysis software was used to calculate the mean
qualifying score (MQS). At fetal stages 12, 13-27, 28-37, and >37 weeks, MQS of
β-catenin were 612.52±262.13, 818.38±311.73, 706.33±157.19, and 350.69±110.19,
respectively. There was a significant difference in MQS among the four groups (ANOVA,
P=0.0155) and between the scores at >37 and 13-27 weeks (Student-Newman-Keuls,
P<0.05). At fetal stages 12, 13-27, 28-37, and >37 weeks, the MQS of c-myc were
1376.64±330.04, 1224.18±171.66, 1270.24±320.75, and 741.04±219.19, respectively.
There was a significant difference in MQS among the four groups (ANOVA, P=0.0087) and
between the scores at >37 and 12 weeks, >37 and 13-27 weeks, and >37 and
28-37 weeks (all P<0.05, Student-Newman-Keuls). Western blots showed that
β-catenin and c-myc expression were significantly higher in fetal than in postnatal
control duct tissue (P<0.05). c-myc and β-catenin are involved in the normal
development of the human common bile duct. 相似文献
5.
Lei Jiang Pengcheng He Yong Liu Jiyan Chen Xuebiao Wei Ning Tan 《International journal of clinical and experimental pathology》2015,8(11):14433-14440
More and more researches show that hypertensive vascular remodeling is closely related to the imbalance of immune system in recent years. IFN-γ is natural protein with the function of immune regulation and has resistance effect on vascular remodeling. However, the mechanism of IFN-γ is to be defined. This paper is to explore the mechanism of IFN-γ in regulating OPN/Th17 pathway. In this research, animal models of vascular collagen remodeling were established by inducing hypertensive mice with ANG II. There was no statistical significance when the systolic blood pressures and the percentages of wall thickness/lumen diameter in both groups of WT + AngII + IFN-γ and WT + PBS were compared (P=0.219>0.05, P=0.118>0.05). The concentration of serum precollagen-type I and III and their ratio in WT + AngII + IFN-γ group were decreased after the IFN-γ being given (P<0.01). Expression of OPN within tissue in WT + Ang II group was relatively high, but lowered after treated by IFN-γ. Th17 cell ratio was decreased in WT + AngII + IFN-γ group (P<0.01). Expressions of RORα and RORγt mRNA within Th17 cell were decreased (P<0.01). The content of IL-23 in WT + AngII + IFN-γ group was increased, while IL-10 and TGF-β decreased. It has proved that IFN-γ can regulate the hypertensive vascular collagen remodeling induced by ANG II, lower the systolic pressure and reduce the pathological damage of vascular collagen remodeling and the collagen synthesis. The mechanism may that the differentiation of Th17 is inhibited by suppressing the OPN expression and regulating the secretion of inflammatory cytokines. 相似文献
6.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of supplementary vitamin D
therapy in addition to amitriptyline on the frequency of migraine attacks in
pediatric migraine patients. Fifty-three children 8-16 years of age and diagnosed
with migraine following the International Headache Society 2005 definition, which
includes childhood criteria, were enrolled. Patients were classified into four groups
on the basis of their 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels. Group 1 had normal
25(OH)D levels and received amitriptyline therapy alone; group 2 had normal 25(OH)D
levels and received vitamin D supplementation (400 IU/day) plus amitriptyline; group
3 had mildly deficient 25(OH)D levels and received amitriptyline plus vitamin D (800
IU/day); and group 4 had severely deficient 25(OH)D levels and was given
amitriptyline plus vitamin D (5000 IU/day). All groups were monitored for 6 months,
and the number of migraine attacks before and during treatment was determined.
Calcium, phosphorus alkaline phosphatase, parathormone, and 25(OH)D levels were also
determined before and during treatment. Results were compared between the groups.
Data obtained from the groups were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance. The
number of pretreatment attacks in groups 1 to 4 was 7±0.12, 6.8±0.2, 7.3±0.4, and
7.2±0.3 for 6 months, respectively (all P>0.05). The number of attacks during
treatment was 3±0.25, 1.76±0.37 (P<0.05), 2.14±0.29 (P<0.05), and 1.15±0.15
(P<0.05), respectively. No statistically significant differences in calcium,
phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, or parathormone levels were observed (P>0.05).
Vitamin D given in addition to anti-migraine treatment reduced the number of migraine
attacks. 相似文献
7.
T. Wang Y.T. Zhou X.N. Chen A.X. Zhu 《Brazilian journal of medical and biological research》2014,47(9):738-745
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is one of the most potent angiogenic growth
factors. It improves angiogenesis and tissue perfusion in ischemic skeletal muscle.
In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that ischemic postconditioning is
effective for salvaging ischemic skeletal muscle resulting from limb
ischemia-reperfusion injury, and that the mechanism involves expression of HIF-1α.
Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=36 each): sham-operated (group
S), hindlimb ischemia-reperfusion (group IR), and ischemic postconditioning (group
IPO). Each group was divided into subgroups (n=6) according to reperfusion time:
immediate (0 h, T0), 1 h (T1), 3 h (T3), 6 h
(T6), 12 h (T12), and 24 h (T24). In the IPO
group, three cycles of 30-s reperfusion and 30-s femoral aortic reocclusion were
carried out before reperfusion. At all reperfusion times
(T0-T24), serum creatine kinase (CK) and lactate
dehydrogenase (LDH) activities, as well as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and tumor
necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) concentrations, were measured in rats after they were
killed. Histological and immunohistochemical methods were used to assess the skeletal
muscle damage and HIF-1α expression in skeletal muscle ischemia. In groups IR and
IPO, serum LDH and CK activities and TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 concentrations were all
significantly increased compared to group S, and HIF-1α expression was up-regulated
(P<0.05 or P<0.01). In group IPO, serum LDH and CK activities and TNF-α and
IL-6 concentrations were significantly decreased, IL-10 concentration was increased,
HlF-1α expression was down-regulated (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and the pathological
changes were reduced compared to group IR. The present study suggests that ischemic
postconditioning can reduce skeletal muscle damage caused by limb
ischemia-reperfusion and that its mechanisms may be related to the involvement of
HlF-1α in the limb ischemia-reperfusion injury-triggered inflammatory response. 相似文献
8.
C.E.L. Araújo R. Ferreira-Silva E.M. Gara T.T. Goya R.S. Guerra L. Matheus E. Toschi-Dias A.G. Rodrigues E.R.F. Barbosa R. Fazan Jr G. Lorenzi-Filho C.E. Negro L.M. Ueno-Pardi 《Brazilian journal of medical and biological research》2021,54(5)
We evaluated the effects of exercise training (ET) on the profile of mood states (POMS), heart rate variability, spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), and sleep disturbance severity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Forty-four patients were randomized into 2 groups, 18 patients completed the untrained period and 16 patients completed the exercise training (ET). Beat-to-beat heart rate and blood pressure were simultaneously collected for 5 min at rest. Heart rate variability (RR interval) was assessed in time domain and frequency domain (FFT spectral analysis). BRS was analyzed with the sequence method, and POMS was analyzed across the 6 categories (tension, depression, hostility, vigor, fatigue, and confusion). ET consisted of 3 weekly sessions of aerobic exercise, local strengthening, and stretching exercises (72 sessions, achieved in 40±3.9 weeks). Baseline parameters were similar between groups. The comparisons between groups showed that the changes in apnea-hypopnea index, arousal index, and O2 desaturation in the exercise group were significantly greater than in the untrained group (P<0.05). The heart rate variability and BRS were significantly higher in the exercise group compared with the untrained group (P<0.05). ET increased peak oxygen uptake (P<0.05) and reduced POMS fatigue (P<0.05). A positive correlation (r=0.60, P<0.02) occurred between changes in the fatigue item and OSA severity. ET improved heart rate variability, BRS, fatigue, and sleep parameters in patients with OSA. These effects were associated with improved sleep parameters, fatigue, and cardiac autonomic modulation, with ET being a possible protective factor against the deleterious effects of hypoxia on these components in patients with OSA. 相似文献
9.
G. Borghetti R.K. Yamazaki I. Coelho D.C.T. Pequito D.L. Schiessel M. Kryczyk R. Mamus K. Naliwaiko L.C. Fernandes 《Brazilian journal of medical and biological research》2013,46(8):696-699
We investigated the effect of fish oil (FO) supplementation on tumor growth,
cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ),
and RelA gene and protein expression in Walker 256 tumor-bearing rats. Male Wistar
rats (70 days old) were fed with regular chow (group W) or chow supplemented with 1
g/kg body weight FO daily (group WFO) until they reached 100 days of age. Both groups
were then inoculated with a suspension of Walker 256 ascitic tumor cells
(3×107 cells/mL). After 14 days the rats were killed, total RNA was
isolated from the tumor tissue, and relative mRNA expression was measured using the
2-ΔΔCT method. FO significantly decreased tumor growth (W=13.18±1.58
vs WFO=5.40±0.88 g, P<0.05). FO supplementation also resulted
in a significant decrease in COX-2 (W=100.1±1.62 vs WFO=59.39±5.53,
P<0.001) and PPARγ (W=100.4±1.04 vs WFO=88.22±1.46, P<0.05)
protein expression. Relative mRNA expression was W=1.06±0.022 vs
WFO=0.31±0.04 (P<0.001) for COX-2, W=1.08±0.02 vs WFO=0.52±0.08
(P<0.001) for PPARγ, and W=1.04±0.02 vs WFO=0.82±0.04 (P<0.05)
for RelA. FO reduced tumor growth by attenuating inflammatory gene expression
associated with carcinogenesis. 相似文献
10.
Tanja Stachon Jiong Wang Xufei Song Achim Langenbucher Berthold Seitz Nóra Szentmáry 《生物医学研究杂志》2015,29(4):321-325
Riboflavin-UVA photodynamic inactivation is a potential treatment alternative in therapy resistant infectious keratitis. The purpose of our study was to determine the impact of riboflavin-UVA photodynamic inactivation on viability, apoptosis and activation of human keratocytes in vitro. Primary human keratocytes were isolated from human corneal buttons and cultured in DMEM/Ham''s F12 medium supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum. Keratocytes underwent UVA light illumination (375 nm) for 4.10 minutes (2 J/cm2) during exposure to different concentrations of riboflavin. Twenty-four hours after treatment, cell viability was evaluated photometrically, whereas apoptosis, CD34 and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression were assessed using flow cytometry. We did not detect significant changes in cell viability, apoptosis, CD34 and α-SMA expression in groups only treated with riboflavin or UVA light. In the group treated with riboflavin-UVA-photodynamic inactivation, viability of keratocytes decreased significantly at 0.1% riboflavin (P<0.01) while the percentage of CD34 (P<0.01 for both 0.05% and 0.1% riboflavin) and alpha-SMA positive keratocytes (P<0.01 and P<0.05 for 0.05% and 0.1% riboflavin, respectively) increased significantly compared to the controls. There was no significant change in the percentage of apoptotic keratocytes compared to controls at any of the used riboflavin concentrations (P = 0.09 and P = 0.13). We concluded that riboflavin-UVA-photodynamic-inactivation decreases viability of myofibroblastic transformation and multipotent haematopoietic stem cell transformation; however, it does not have an impact on apoptosis of human keratocytes in vitro. 相似文献
11.
Yanni Jiang Yi Zhao Xianming Mo 《International journal of clinical and experimental pathology》2021,14(5):646
Objective: This study explored and analyzed the expression of LncRNA NEAT1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and its correlation with Th1/Th2 balance. Methods: We chose 97 SLE patients admitted in our hospital from Jun. 2016 to Feb. 2019 as SLE group, and randomly selected 50 healthy volunteers that underwent physical examination in our hospital during the same period as control group. We detected the expression of LncRNA NEAT1 in PBMCs of the two groups of subjects by qRT-PCR, the degree of Th1 and Th2 cells in both groups by flow cytometry, and the expression of TFN-γ and IL-4 in both groups by ELISA. Results: The relative expression of LncRNA NEAT1 in PBMCs of SLE group was higher than that of control group (P<0.05). The proportion of Th1 and the ratio of Th1/Th2 cells in PBMCs were markedly lower in the SLE group than the control group (P<0.05), while the proportion of Th2 was higher in the SLE group than the control group (P<0.05). IFN-γ level in SLE group was much lower than the control group (P<0.05), while IL-4 level was evidently higher in the SLE group than in controls (P<0.05). The expression of LncRNA NEAT1 in PBMCs of SLE group was notably negatively correlated with Th1 proportion and Th1/Th2 ratio (P<0.05), while positively correlated with Th2 proportion (P<0.05). Conclusion: LncRNA NEAT1 in PBMCs of SLE patients is abnormally highly expressed, and this expression is negatively correlated with Th1/Th2 balance. These two factors may interact and jointly affect the occurrence and progression of SLE. 相似文献
12.
B.L. Xu Q.Z. Zhao X.Y. Gao G.J. Hou 《Brazilian journal of medical and biological research》2015,48(11):1004-1009
Sex hormones from environmental and physiological sources might play a major role in
the pathogenesis of hepatoblastoma in children. This study investigated the effects
of estradiol and bisphenol A on the proliferation and telomerase activity of human
hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells. The cells were divided into 6 treatment groups: control,
bisphenol A, estradiol, anti-estrogen ICI 182,780 (hereinafter ICI), bisphenol A+ICI,
and estradiol+ICI. Cell proliferation was measured based on average absorbance using
the Cell Counting-8 assay. The cell cycle distribution and apoptotic index were
determined by flow cytometry. Telomerase activity was detected by polymerase chain
reaction and a telomeric repeat amplification protocol assay. A higher cell density
was observed in bisphenol A (P<0.01) and estradiol (P<0.05) groups compared
with the control group. Cell numbers in S and G2/M phases after treatment for 48 h
were higher (P<0.05), while the apoptotic index was lower (P<0.05) and
telomerase activities at 48 and 72 h (P<0.05) were higher in these groups than in
the control group. The cell density was also higher in bisphenol A+ICI (P<0.01)
and estradiol+ICI (P<0.05) groups compared with the ICI group. Furthermore, cell
numbers were increased in S and G2/M phases (P<0.05), while the apoptotic index
was lower (P<0.05) and telomerase activities at 48 and 72 h were higher
(P<0.05) in these groups than in the ICI group. Therefore, bisphenol A and
estradiol promote HepG2 cell proliferation in vitro by inhibition of
apoptosis and stimulation of telomerase activity via an estrogen receptor-dependent
pathway. 相似文献
13.
Manish Mathur S Sundaramoorthy 《African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines》2013,10(1):83-94
Synergism and antagonism impact of different plant metabolites present in crude fruit extract of Tribulus terrestris ‘the herbal Viagra’ have been studied. Variability in plant composition, biomass and metabolites concentration in different modules was significantly contributed by spatial factor. However the edhaphic parameters also changes with both spatial and temporal factors significantly. Fruit is the officinal part and the fruit production significantly related with soil nitrogen (P<0.01), whereas the soil nitrogen and pH also influenced the alkaloid content in fruit (P<0.05). The linear relation between fruit protein and fruit alkaloid (P<0.01) also observed and the relationship in between different soil parameters were established. Bioassay work confirmed its aphrodisiac properties, and site III is suggested for maximum biomass and high concentration of different metabolites. 相似文献
14.
A.M. Moreno R.R.T. Castro B.M. Silva H. Villacorta M. Sant'Anna Junior A.C.L. Nóbrega 《Brazilian journal of medical and biological research》2014,47(11):972-976
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of respiratory muscle fatigue
on intercostal and forearm muscle perfusion and oxygenation in patients with heart
failure. Five clinically stable heart failure patients with respiratory muscle
weakness (age, 66±12 years; left ventricle ejection fraction, 34±3%) and nine matched
healthy controls underwent a respiratory muscle fatigue protocol, breathing against a
fixed resistance at 60% of their maximal inspiratory pressure for as long as they
could sustain the predetermined inspiratory pressure. Intercostal and forearm muscle
blood volume and oxygenation were continuously monitored by near-infrared
spectroscopy with transducers placed on the seventh left intercostal space and the
left forearm. Data were compared by two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni correction.
Respiratory fatigue occurred at 5.1±1.3 min in heart failure patients and at 9.3±1.4
min in controls (P<0.05), but perceived effort, changes in heart rate, and in
systolic blood pressure were similar between groups (P>0.05). Respiratory fatigue
in heart failure reduced intercostal and forearm muscle blood volume (P<0.05)
along with decreased tissue oxygenation both in intercostal (heart failure,
-2.6±1.6%; controls, +1.6±0.5%; P<0.05) and in forearm muscles (heart failure,
-4.5±0.5%; controls, +0.5±0.8%; P<0.05). These results suggest that respiratory
fatigue in patients with heart failure causes an oxygen demand/delivery mismatch in
respiratory muscles, probably leading to a reflex reduction in peripheral limb muscle
perfusion, featuring a respiratory metaboreflex. 相似文献
15.
Sylvester Osita Ogbu Kenneth Kalu Agwu Isaac Uzoma Asuzu 《African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines》2013,10(5):325-331
The aim of the study was to investigate sonographically the effect of Gongronema latifolium on gastric emptying of semi-solid meals in diabetic dogs. Twenty-five alloxan-induced diabetic dogs were randomly allotted into five groups of five dogs each in a randomised placebo-controlled study. These are placebo, prokinetic dose, low dose, moderate dose and high dose groups. The placebo group served as the control. The low, moderate and high dose groups ingested methanolic leaf extract of G. latifolium at 100 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg respectively, while the prokinetic group ingested 0.5 mg/kg of metoclopramide. After a 12-hour fast, each group ingested its treatment capsules 30 minutes before the administration of test meal. Measurements of gastric emptying and blood glucose levels were obtained from each dog 30 minutes before and immediately after the ingestion of a test meal, every 15 minutes for another 4 hours and then every 30 minutes for further 2 hours. Gastric emptying of the moderate and high dose groups were 227.8 ± 9.9 min and 261.3 ± 19.3 min respectively and significantly (p < 0.0001) slower than the placebo control group of 143.0 ±17.8 min. The gastric emptying of the low dose group (169.8 ± 3.8) and control group did not differ significantly (p > 0.05). A strong inverse relationship between gastric emptying and the incremental blood glucose levels was noted in the diabetic dogs after the ingestion of Gongronema latifolium (r = −0.90; p < 0.0001). Gonogronema latifolium delayed gastric emptying in diabetic dogs. 相似文献
16.
G.A.P. Silva A.E. Kummerle F. Antunes C.A.M. Fraga E.J. Barreiro G. Zapata-Sudo R.T. Sudo 《Brazilian journal of medical and biological research》2013,46(3):263-269
The N-acylhydrazone (NAH) analogues N-methyl 2-thienylidene
3,4-benzoylhydrazine (LASSBio-785) and N-benzyl 2-thienylidene
3,4-benzoylhydrazine (LASSBio-786) were prepared from 2-thienylidene
3,4-methylenedioxybenzoylhydrazine (LASSBio-294). The ability of LASSBio-785 and
LASSBio-786 to decrease central nervous system activity was investigated in male
Swiss mice. LASSBio-785 or LASSBio-786 (30 mg/kg, ip) reduced
locomotor activity from 209 ± 26 (control) to 140 ± 18 (P < 0.05) or 146 ± 15
crossings/min (P < 0.05), respectively. LASSBio-785 (15 or 30 mg/kg,
iv) also reduced locomotor activity from 200 ± 15 to 116 ±
29 (P < 0.05) or 60 ± 16 crossings/min (P < 0.01), respectively. Likewise,
LASSBio-786 (15 or 30 mg/kg, iv) reduced locomotor activity
from 200 ± 15 to 127 ± 10 (P < 0.01) or 96 ± 14 crossings/min (P < 0.01),
respectively. Pretreatment with flumazenil (20 mg/kg, ip)
prevented the locomotor impairment induced by NAH analogues (15 mg/kg,
iv), providing evidence that the benzodiazepine (BDZ)
receptor is involved. This finding was supported by the structural similarity of
NAH analogues to midazolam. However, LASSBio-785 showed weak binding to the BDZ
receptor. LASSBio-785 or LASSBio-786 (30 mg/kg, ip, n = 10)
increased pentobarbital-induced sleeping time from 42 ± 5 (DMSO) to 66 ± 6 (P
< 0.05) or 75 ± 4 min (P < 0.05), respectively. The dose required to
achieve 50% hypnosis (HD50) following iv injection
of LASSBio-785 or LASSBio-786 was 15.8 or 9.5 mg/kg, respectively. These data
suggest that both NAH analogues might be useful for the development of new
neuroactive drugs for the treatment of insomnia or for use in conjunction with
general anesthesia. 相似文献
17.
M.B. Aires J.R.A. Santos K.S. Souza P.S. Farias A.C.V. Santos E.T. Fioretto D.A. Maria 《Brazilian journal of medical and biological research》2015,48(8):676-682
The function of the visceral yolk sac (VYS) is critical for embryo organogenesis
until final fetal development in rats, and can be affected by conditions such as
diabetes. In view of the importance of diabetes during pregnancy for maternal and
neonatal health, the objective of this study was to assess fetal weight, VYS cell
markers, and viability in female Wistar rats (200-250 g) with induced diabetes
(alloxan, 37 mg/kg) on the 8th gestational day (gd 8). At gd 15, rats from control
(n=5) and diabetic (n=5) groups were anesthetized and laparotomized to remove the
uterine horns for weighing of fetuses and collecting the VYS. Flow cytometry was used
for characterizing VYS cells, and for determining mitochondrial activity, cell
proliferation, DNA ploidy, cell cycle phases, and caspase-3 activity. Fetal weight
was reduced in the diabetic group. Expression of the cell markers CD34, VEGFR1,
CD115, CD117, CD14, CCR2, CD90, CD44, STRO-1, OCT3/4, and Nanog was detected in VYS
cells in both groups. In the diabetic group, significantly decreased expression of
CD34 (P<0.05), CCR2 (P<0.001), and OCT3/4 (P<0.01), and significantly
increased expression of CD90 (P<0.05), CD117 (P<0.01), and CD14 (P<0.05)
were observed. VYS cells with inactive mitochondria, activated caspase-3, and low
proliferation were present in the rats with diabetes. Severe hyperglycemia caused by
maternal diabetes had negative effects on pregnancy, VYS cell viability, and the
expression of cell markers. 相似文献
18.
S.Q. Cui Q. Wang Y. Zheng B. Xiao H.W. Sun X.L. Gu Y.C. Zhang C.H. Fu P.X. Dong X.M. Wang 《Brazilian journal of medical and biological research》2015,48(6):515-522
We evaluated the effect of puerarin on spatial learning and memory ability of mice
with chronic alcohol poisoning. A total of 30 male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided
into model, puerarin, and control groups (n=10 each). The model group received 60%
(v/v) ethanol by intragastric administration followed by intraperitoneal injection of
normal saline 30 min later. The puerarin group received intragastric 60% ethanol
followed by intraperitoneal puerarin 30 min later, and the control group received
intragastric saline followed by intraperitoneal saline. Six weeks after treatment,
the Morris water maze and Tru Scan behavioral tests and immunofluorescence staining
of cerebral cortex and hippocampal neurons (by Neu-N) and microglia (by Ib1) were
conducted. Glutamic acid (Glu) and gamma amino butyric acid (GABA) in the cortex and
hippocampus were assayed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and tumor
necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β were determined by ELISA. Compared
with mice in the control group, escape latency and distance were prolonged, and
spontaneous movement distance was shortened (P<0.05) by puerarin. The number of
microglia was increased in both the cortex and hippocampal dentate gyrus (P<0.01),
and neurons were reduced only in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (P<0.01) in
puerarin-treated mice. In the model group, Glu and GABA levels decreased (P<0.05),
and Glu/GABA, TNF-α, and IL-1β increased (P<0.01) with puerarin treatment,
returning to near normal levels. In conclusion, puerarin protected against the
effects of chronic alcohol poisoning on spatial learning and memory ability primarily
because of anti-inflammatory activity and regulation of the balance of Glu and
GABA. 相似文献
19.
20.
T. Wang X.Y. Wei B. Liu L.J. Wang L.H. Jiang 《Brazilian journal of medical and biological research》2015,48(4):286-291
This study aimed to determine the effects of different concentrations of propofol
(2,6-diisopropylphenol) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expression and release of
high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) in mouse macrophages. Mouse macrophage cell
line RAW264.7 cells were randomly divided into 5 treatment groups. Expression levels
of HMGB1 mRNA were detected using RT-PCR, and cell culture
supernatant HMGB1 protein levels were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assay (ELISA). Translocation of HMGB1 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in
macrophages was observed by Western blotting and activity of nuclear factor
kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) in the nucleus was detected
using ELISA. HMGB1 mRNA expression levels increased significantly in
the cell culture supernatant and in cells after 24 h of stimulating RAW264.7 cells
with LPS (500 ng/mL). However, HMGB1 mRNA expression levels in the
P2 and P3 groups, which received 500 ng/mL LPS with 25 or 50 μmol/mL propofol,
respectively, were significantly lower than those in the group receiving LPS
stimulation (P<0.05). After stimulation by LPS, HMGB1 protein levels were reduced
significantly in the nucleus but were increased in the cytoplasm (P<0.05).
Simultaneously, the activity of NF-κB was enhanced significantly (P<0.05). After
propofol intervention, HMGB1 translocation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and
NF-κB activity were inhibited significantly (each P<0.05). Thus, propofol can
inhibit the LPS-induced expression and release of HMGB1 by inhibiting HMGB1
translocation and NF-κB activity in RAW264.7 cells, suggesting propofol may be
protective in patients with sepsis. 相似文献