凋亡相关基因产物Fas抗原及bcl—2蛋白在甲状腺肿瘤组织中？…

目的：了解Ｆａｓ抗原及ｂｃｌ－２蛋白在甲状腺肿瘤组织中表达的意义。方法：用流式细胞技术对１４例乳头状甲状腺癌,１６例甲状腺瘤及３２例结节性甲腺肿组织中Ｆａｓ抗原和ｂｃｌ－２蛋白的表达进行检测。结果：上述３组织中均测到Ｆａｓ抗原和ｂｃｌ－２蛋白表达没有统计学差异（Ｆ＝２．７８,Ｐ〉０．０５;Ｆ＝２．５６,Ｐ〉０．０５）。乳头状甲状腺癌组织Ｆａｓ抗原表达与ｂｃｌ－２蛋白表达有明显相关性（ｒ＝０．６４６     

甲状腺癌组织中细胞凋亡及相关基因Fas和Bcl-2表达的研究

1　材料与方法1.1　一般资料　乳头状甲状腺癌组织为 1996 - 0 1～ 1999- 0 4期间济南军区总医院普外科手术切除的标本 ,其中男 6例 ,女37例 ,年龄 6～ 79岁 ,平均年龄 49.7岁。标本均经病理学检查证实为乳头状甲状腺癌。术中组织离体后即取非坏死癌组织 1g左右 ,PBS冲洗 2遍 ,用滤纸吸干后 ,即置液氮中存放。1.2　仪器与主要试剂　参见参考文献 [1]。1.3　单细胞悬液制备　参见参考文献 [1]。1.4　免疫反应　参见参考文献 [1]。1.5　细胞凋亡的检测　在一只试管悬液中加入 2 m L胰酶消化液。 37°C恒温水浴 30 m in,期间振荡 2次 ,加生理…     

6种癌基因蛋白产物在甲状腺癌中的表达及意义

目的；探讨甲状腺癌癌变的机理，方法：应用免疫组化Ｓ－Ｐ法于石蜡切片对４３例甲状腺癌，１７例腺瘤，１９例瘤旁甲状腺组织进行了ｃ－ｅｒＢ－２，ｐ２１，ｐ５３，Ｂｃｌ－２，ｃ－ｍｙｃ，ｐ１６癌基因产物的检测。结果：癌组织中均有不同程度，１种或１种以上基因产物表达与腺瘤及瘤旁组织间均存在高度显著性差异（Ｐ〈０．０１），ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２，ｐ２１表达随癌组织分化程度增高而增高，ｐ５３表达随癌组织分化程度增高而     

肝癌凋亡细胞相关蛋白的表达分析

目的；分析肝癌凋亡细胞与肝癌细胞所表达的蛋白质在分子量分布上的差异。方法：ＳＤＳ＿ＰＡＧＥ电泳后薄层扫描。结果：肝癌凋亡细胞所表达蛋白质的分子量普遍较大。在分子量大于６．７×１０＾４ｕ时，凋亡的肝癌细胞有７个较为明显的蛋白扫描峰，与未凋亡的肝癌细胞具有明显的区别。部分大分子量的凋亡相关蛋白在肝癌凋亡细胞表达量很高，其蛋白质扫描峰的面积可占总面积的８％。结论：肝癌凋亡细胞有较大分子量的蛋白质表达，可     

凋亡相关基因产物Fas和bcl-2蛋白在胃癌组织中的表达

用流式细胞免疫技术检测胃癌组织中Ｆａｓ及ｂｃｌ－２蛋白表达,报告如下。１　材料与方法１．１　一般资料　２７例进展期胃癌病人中男１５人,女１２人,年龄２７～６６岁。术前未化疗、放疗。即取新鲜癌组织和切缘正常粘膜组织各１．０ｇ左右,ＰＢＳ冲洗两遍,滤纸吸干后放入１０％福尔马林中待检。１．２　方法　制备单细胞悬液,调整细胞为１０９／ｍｌ。取两试管,每管加细胞悬液１００μｌ,其中一管加Ｆａｓ－ＦＩＴＣ（或ｂｃｌ－２－ＦＩＴＣ）（法国国际免疫公司提供）２０μｌ,一管加ＩｇＧ１－ＦＩＴ－Ｃ２０μｌ,室温避光…     

C-erbB2癌基因产物在甲状腺肿瘤的表达意义

应用S -P免疫组化法于石蜡切片检测甲状腺肿瘤C -erbB2 癌基因产物的表达。结果表明 :甲状腺癌的阳性率是 6 0 .6 % (2 0 /33) ,其良性病变组的阳性率是 2 5 % (8/2 2 )。良性病变中 4例嗜酸细胞腺瘤均呈弱阳性表达。提示 :甲状腺癌的发生与C -erbB2 癌基因的活化有关。C -erbB2 有可能成为鉴别甲状腺良恶性肿瘤的生物学指标     

nm23基因产物在甲状腺乳头状腺癌中的表达

ｎｍ２３基因产物在甲状腺乳头状腺癌中的表达１王川２张祥福３杨发端１卢辉山近年研究发现，ｎｍ２３基因表达水平与多种恶性肿瘤的转移潜力密切负相关，而与患者的预后正相关〔１〕。我们应用抗人红细胞ＮＤＰＫ的多克隆抗体，研究ｎｍ２３基因产物／ＮＤＰＫ在甲状腺乳...     

PTEN在肝癌组织中的表达及其与肿瘤细胞凋亡的关系

PTEN是一种抑癌基因,我们通过检测肝细胞肝癌（HCC）组织中PTEN蛋白的表达及肿瘤细胞的凋亡情况,探讨其临床意义。     

细胞凋亡与相关基因p16、bcl-2在人类皮肤肿瘤中表达

本实验运用三羟末端标记法和免疫组化技术 ,原位观察皮肤鳞癌及正常组织中细胞凋亡、ｐ16与ｂｃｌ 2蛋白的表达 ,探讨其在皮肤组织恶性转化进程中的作用和关系。1　材料与方法1.1　材料收集　我校附院病理科 1994～ 1999年活检的部分标本 ,皮肤鳞癌 80例 ,10例正常皮肤取自肿瘤边缘 5ｃｍ以上切缘 ,分别做ＨＥ、细胞凋亡及ｐ16与ｂｃｌ 2蛋白免疫组化染色。患者平均年龄 5 4 8岁。按ＷＨＯ分级标准分级 :Ⅰ级 38例 ,Ⅱ级 18例 ,Ⅲ级 2 4例。诊断均经两位病理主任医师证实。所有患者术前均未作放疗、化疗及免疫治疗。1.2　试剂与方法　与细胞…     

Morphometric evaluation of histological sections of the thyroid gland in benign and malignant follicular lesions

A morphometric analysis was made on histological sections of thyroid tissue in various aspects of follicular cell pathologies (goiter, adenoma, and carcinoma) and in normal follicular cells. Three cases of each aspect and 150 cells of each case were measured. The results obtained demonstrate the importance of the nuclear area in the differential diagnosis of normal thyroid, goiter, adenoma, and carcinoma. The other parameters considered, i.e., perimeter, maximum diameter, and nuclear form factor, proved to be able to exclusively distinguish between benign lesions (normal thyroid, goiter and, adenoma) and malignant ones (carcinoma).     

凋亡相关因子参与自身免疫性甲状腺疾病发病的研究

目的:了解细胞凋亡相关蛋白Fas,FasL和Bcl-2表达在自身免疫性甲状腺疾病发病机制及病理变化中的作用及意义。方法:采用免疫组织化学方法,检测20例桥本甲状腺炎,20例Graves病以及20例甲状腺腺瘤(作为对照组)患者甲状腺标本中Fas、FasL和Bcl-2表达及分布。结果:Fas在所有的标本中表达,主要分布于甲状腺滤泡细胞表面和细胞质上。除3例甲状腺瘤标本外,其余均表达FasL。Bcl-2表达于15例桥本甲状腺炎、19例Graves病以及17例甲状腺瘤滤泡细胞上。在甲状腺瘤滤泡细胞上表达中等强度Fas,很少或是没有表达FasL。在桥本甲状腺炎中Fas和FasL免疫染色强阳性甲状腺滤泡细胞多分布于浸润淋巴滤泡附近,浸润淋巴细胞中Fas、FasL免疫染色相对较弱。在Graves病中,Fas表达强度与桥本甲状腺炎类似,但FasL表达却更弱。在Graves病和甲状腺瘤组织中,Bcl-2表达两者类似。但在桥本甲状腺炎组织中,分布于浸润淋巴细胞附近的甲状腺滤泡细胞以及生发中心的淋巴细胞上,Bcl-2表达很弱。结论:Fas、FasL和Bcl-2表达在桥本甲状腺炎和Graves病中相似。FasL高表达和Bcl-2低表达可能引起桥本甲状腺炎滤泡细胞凋亡。进一步证明3种凋亡相关因子在自身免疫性甲状腺疾病发病机制中的作用。在桥本甲状腺炎中,滤泡细胞凋亡并非由浸润淋巴细胞其FasL发挥作用直接杀伤,但是它们能分泌细胞因子促进滤泡细胞自身Fas、FasL表达,从而导致滤泡细胞凋亡。     

Three-dimensional reconstruction of vessel distribution in benign and malignant lesions of thyroid

In order to better understand the spatial distribution of thyroid vessels, a series of benign and malignant thyroid lesions were studied with three-dimensional (3D) histological stereomicroscopic reconstruction. Cases consisted of normal autoptic thyroids (n=6), colloid goitres (n=6), Basedows disease (n=2), follicular adenoma (FA) (n=4) one of which with Hurthle cells (HC), minimally invasive, well-differentiated follicular carcinoma (FTC) (n=1), well-differentiated FTC with HC (n=1), poorly differentiated FTC (n=13) with extensive angioinvasion, papillary carcinoma (PTC) (n=8) and medullary carcinoma (MTC) (n=1). From each selected nodule, parallel sections were obtained for 3D reconstruction and for histological and immunohistochemical studies. In normal thyroid, large vessels were located at the periphery of the gland with smaller branches present within the thyroid parenchyma that encircled follicles. The same pattern of vascularisation is maintained in lesions showing a follicular architecture as colloid goitre, Basedows disease, FA, well-differentiated FTC and the follicular variant of PTC. Neoplastic lesions, at variance with non-neoplastic lesions, contained rare anastomoses. Poorly differentiated FTC and MTC contained large intratumoural vessels surrounding avascular areas corresponding to solid neoplastic cellular sheets with necrosis. PTC were more vascularised and contained numerous vascular anastomoses. In conclusion, the present data indicate that the vascular distribution is related to the follicular, papillary or solid type of growth. Vascular anastomoses and intratumoural vessels surrounding solid avascular areas are signs of malignancy.     

ras癌基因产物P21在乳腺良,恶性病变中的表达

女性乳腺癌４０例，良性肿瘤３７例，乳腺增生病５２例用ＡＢＣ法做了免疫组化Ｐ２１蛋白水平检测，其阳性率分别是７２．５％，３２．４％，２３．１％。阳性表达主要在分化差的浸润性导管癌细胞；乳腺增生病中５例导管上皮细胞不典型增生有３例阳性表达，提示Ｐ２１蛋白检测可为估价乳腺组织癌变和病变预后提供分子生物学依据。     

Immunohistochemical expression of CXCR4 in thyroid carcinomas and thyroid benign lesions

In different tumor entities, expression of the chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) has been linked to tumor dissemination and poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to examine the immunohistochemical expression of CXCR4 in thyroid carcinomas and thyroid benign lesions. Using monoclonal anti-CXCR4 antibody, we performed immunohistochemical staining on tissue sections from 134 cases obtained from Ruijin Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine (Shanghai, China) between 2000 and 2007. In our study, the CXCR4 expression of the thyroid carcinoma group (including 16 papillary thyroid carcinomas, 18 follicular thyroid carcinomas, 9 poorly differentiated thyroid carcinomas, and 7 medullary thyroid carcinomas) was found to be higher than in the benign lesion group (including 19 cases of Hashimoto's thyroiditis, 15 nodular goiters, and 50 follicular adenomas) (p < 0.0001). Within the carcinoma group, the more malignant thyroid carcinoma group (including 9 poorly differentiated thyroid carcinomas and 7 medullary thyroid carcinomas) showed a higher ratio of CXCR4 positivity compared to the less malignant thyroid carcinoma group (including 16 papillary thyroid carcinomas and 18 follicular thyroid carcinomas) (p < 0.0001). Our study suggests that CXCR4 expression might be a frequent and cancer-specific event in thyroid carcinoma, and it might be involved in malignancy transformation during the progression of thyroid carcinoma.     

Alcian blue and epithelial membrane antigen are useful markers in differentiating benign from malignant papillae in thyroid lesions

Summary Immunohistochemistry for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and histochemistry for alcianophilic substances were performed in 17 cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and 11 cases of benign thyroid lesions showing papillary changes (7 diffuse hyperplastic goitres-Graves'disease; 4 colloid cystic goitres). In all PTCs the glycocalix of the cells lining the papillary structures was stronly positive with anti-EMA antiserum. Alcian blue pH 2.5 stain (AB 2.5) was also positive in 15 of these cases. In contrast, no cases of benign thyroid lesions showed AB 2.5 positivity in the cells lining the papillary structures and the positivity with anti-EMA antiserum, present in only 5 out the 11 cases, was focal and very weak. These results indicate that the presence and distribution of EMA and alcianophilic substances may be useful in distinguishing benign from malignant thyroid lesions containing papillae.     

Immunohistochemical expression of galectin-3 in benign and malignant thyroid lesions

CONTEXT: The expression of galectin-3, a human lectin, has been shown to be highly associated with malignant behavior of thyroid lesions. DESIGN: We studied the immunohistochemical expression pattern of galectin-3 in a variety of follicular-derived thyroid lesions (13 benign and 62 malignant), including Hürthle cell and follicular carcinoma, papillary carcinomas and variants, and anaplastic and poorly differentiated carcinomas. RESULTS: Immunoreactivity was strongest in papillary thyroid carcinomas, whereas staining was less intense in Hürthle cell and anaplastic carcinomas, and even weaker in the follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Staining was absent or weak in the 3 follicular thyroid carcinomas and was negative in both insular carcinomas. In several tumors, staining was stronger at the advancing invasive edge of the lesion than in the central portion of the tumor. Galectin-3 was also expressed focally and weakly in reactive follicular epithelium and entrapped follicles in chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis. A variety of thyroid lesions showed prominent endogenous, biotin-like activity, which could cause flaws in interpretation if a biotin-detection system were used. CONCLUSION: We conclude that galectin-3 immunostaining, when used in biotin-free detection systems, may be useful as an adjunct to distinguish benign from malignant thyroid lesions.     

Clinicopathologic significance of minichromosome maintenance protein 2 and Tat-interacting protein 30 expression in benign and malignant lesions of the gallbladder

Gallbladder cancers are aggressive tumors with a poor prognosis and high mortality rate. To find specific biological markers for early diagnosis and prognosis and to develop possible alternative treatment strategies, we examined minichromosome maintenance protein 2 (MCM2) and Tat-interacting protein 30 (TIP30) expression in 108 gallbladder adenocarcinomas, 15 gallbladder polyps, 35 chronic cholecystitis tissues, and 46 peritumoral tissues using immunohistochemistry. Expression of MCM2 was significantly higher in adenocarcinomas than in peritumoral tissues (χ2 = 8.41; P < .01), adenomatous polyps (χ2 = 6.81; P < .01), and chronic cholecystitis (χ2 = 21.00; P < .01). In contrast, Tat-interacting protein 30 expression was significantly less in adenocarcinomas than in peritumoral tissues (χ2 = 13.26; P < .01), adenomatous polyps (χ2 = 4.76; P < .05), and chronic cholecystitis (χ2 = 18.93; P < .01). The benign lesions in gallbladder epithelium with positive MCM2 or negative Tat-interacting protein 30 expression showed moderate to severe atypical hyperplasia. Expression of MCM2 and absence of Tat-interacting protein 30 were significantly associated with poor differentiation, large tumor mass, lymph node metastasis, and invasion of adenocarcinoma. Univariate Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that either elevated MCM2 (P = .006) or lowered Tat-interacting protein 30 (P = .006) expression was closely associated with shorter overall survival. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that expression of MCM2 (P = .007) or nonexpression of Tat-interacting protein 30 (P = .009) was an independent predictor of a poor prognosis in adenocarcinoma. Our results suggest that overexpression of MCM2 or loss of expression of Tat-interacting protein 30 is closely related to carcinogenesis, progression, biological behavior, and prognosis of gallbladder adenocarcinoma.     

Clinical significance of CCNE2 protein and mRNA expression in thyroid cancer tissues

PurposeThyroid carcinoma (TC) is the most common endocrinal malignancy worldwide. Cyclin E2 (CCNE2), a member of the cyclin family, acts as a regulatory subunit of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). It controls the transition of quiescent cells into the cell cycle, regulates the G1/S transition, promotes DNA replication, and activates CDK2. This study explored the role and potential molecular mechanisms of CCNE2 expression in TC tissues.Material/methodsImmunohistochemistry was used to evaluate the CCNE2 protein expression levels in TC. High-throughput data on CCNE2 in TC were obtained from RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), microarray, and literature data. The CCNE2 expression levels in TC were comprehensively assessed through an integrated analysis. Analyses of Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and protein–protein interaction (PPIs) data facilitated the investigation of the relative molecular mechanisms of CCNE2 in TC.ResultsThe immunohistochemical experiment showed a significant increase in the expression of CCNE2 in the TC tissues. For 505 TC and 59 non-cancerous samples from RNA-seq data, the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.8016 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.742–0.8612; p<0.001). With another 14 microarrays, the pool standard mean difference [SMD] was 1.01 (95% CI [0.82–1.19]). The pooled SMD of CCNE2 was 1.12 (95% CI [0.60–1.64]), and the AUC was 0.87 (95% CI [0.84–0.90]) for 1157 TC samples and 366 non-cancerous thyroid samples from all possible sources. Nine hub genes were upregulated in TC.ConclusionsA high expression of CCNE2 may lead to carcinogenesis and the development of TC.     

大鼠心肌缺血预适应对I/R心肌细胞凋亡及bcl-2表达的影响

目的:对缺血预适应(IP)第一保护窗对大鼠缺血再灌注(I/R)心肌细胞凋亡和凋亡抑制基因bcl-2表达的影响进行研究。方法:采用TUNEL法、免疫组化和原位杂交方法测定大鼠缺血再灌注心肌细胞凋亡和bcl-2的表达。结果:①IP+I/R_3h组TUNEL法阳性心肌细胞核数量及阳性心肌细胞核占总心肌细胞核数的百分比均明显少于I/R_3h组(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);②IP+I/R_3h组表达bcl-2蛋白阳性的心肌细胞数及阳性心肌细胞占心肌细胞总数的百分比均明显高于I/R_3h组(P＜0.01);IP+I/R_1h组表达bcl-2mRNA阳性的心肌细胞数及阳性心肌细胞占心肌细胞总数的百分比均明显高于I/R_1h组(P＜0.01)。结论:①大鼠心肌IP第一保护窗能够显著减少I/R心肌细胞凋亡;②IP通过上调凋亡抑制基因bcl-2基因表达可能是其减少I/R心肌细胞凋亡的机制之一。