Telemetry Design of a Vital Sign Recording System

Blood pressure, respiratory rate, body temperature, and pulse rate are vital signs that under certain pathological conditions require continuous monitoring. In this paper we present a novel design of a system that embeds these signals into a single waveform that can be transmitted without the need for time or frequency division multiplexing. The system depends on changing the frequency of a square wave oscillator. One signal with low frequency contents controls the On-time of the oscillator while the Off-time is controlled by another signal. The third and the fourth signals are used to control voltage controlled oscillators. The voltage controlled oscillators outputs are used as fluctuations during the On-time and during the Off-time. The main advantage of this system is the reduction in circuit complexity in both transmitter and receiver with accurate recovery of the transmitted signals. The design of the proposed system is presented in this paper along with all the corresponding simulations.     

一种在用超声诊断设备探头性能检测系统的研制

目的研制一套可对超声探头进行性能评价的系统,方便对临床在用探头进行性能检测及质量控制。方法运用频域分析和可视化技术,基于超声脉冲回波测试方法,实现对超声探头的信号灵敏度、中心频率和相对带宽等主要声学性能参数进行检测。结果研制了一套超声探头临床质控和性能检测系统,可对多个厂家型号的设备探头主要性能参数进行检测评价。结论在用超声探头检测系统灵敏度高、容易操作,可进行超声探头的预防性检测,对在用超声诊断设备的日常质量控制及性能评价具有重要实用价值。     

SUPER—1生物医学信号智能处理仪的研制及应用

Research work for making a biomedical signal processing instrument based on the APPLE-II computer is reported in this paper. According to the theory of the computer, two interface boards were designed as the hardware of the instrument. The memorizing waveform program was designed as the main program in the software system. Through a functional extended program, also called software inter face, more than ten programs especially for physiology can be easily linked to the main program. with the combination of both the software and hard ware several parameters of the instrument, such as sampling speed, gain of the amplifier, etc. can be controlled by a closed loop. This instrument is available in the physiology laboratory to replace oscilloscope, recorder, stimulator simultaneously. The functions of the instrument are stronger than those of the conventional instruments.     

非接触磁感应脑阻抗断层成像系统激励源设计

目的：设计适合非接触磁感应脑阻抗断层成像系统工作的激励源和感应线圈 ，为进一步了解生物组织电阻抗的行性打下良好的基础。方法：基于高速电子电路设计技术，建立具有差分驱动模式、频率（1MHz-20MHz)和幅值均线性可调的信号源，分析测量结果，得出设计参数。测量并计算感应线圈参数，分析影响其特性的因素。结果：激励源的输出频率在10MHz时，带负载线圈稳定输出最大电压峰峰值12V,最大电流220mA，频率稳定度为0．5％，输出噪声电压有效值6．1mA，信噪比63dB。结论：本信号源性能满足试验要求，受外界电磁幅射干扰影响小，感应线圈设计合理，有利于进行检测试验，这些都为下一步成像打下良好的基础。     

大型海外聚烯烃项目中CMADA系统的设计

CMADA系统作为石油化工装置中电气数据采集与监控系统,应用十分广泛。它可以对变电所及现场运行设备的电气数据进行监视和控制,以实现数据采集、设备控制、参数调节以及各类信号报警等各项功能。结合大型海外聚烯烃项目中CMADA系统的设计实例,阐述了CMADA系统的架构、功能,以及设计时的要求、思路与方法。     

适应多原料生产生物柴油过程的模型预测控制策略

针对生物柴油生产过程具有小批量、多品种特点,以原料切换为研究对象,进行控制系统设计。首先应用酯交换动力学模型建立机理模型,然后对酯交换过程的3个因子进行中心复合旋转设计(CCRD)来优化酯交换过程,进而得出原料切换时系统的最优参数,最后采用模型预测控制算法(MPC)设计出主动适应原料变化的控制器。经仿真研究得出,本文设计的主动适应原料变化的预测控制系统能够很好地改善酯交换器的性能指标。     

移动DR设备Wi-Fi遥控延时曝光装置的设计与应用

目的 本研究针对移动DR设备提出一种Wi-Fi遥控延时曝光装置,以避免医护人员受X射线的照射、提高移动DR的工作效率.方法 用市场上较为普及的智能手机发送曝光指令,用Wi-Fi传输遥控信号,用单片机控制延时时间,实现一键Wi-Fi遥控延时曝光.结果 当在手机APP上发出曝光指令,蜂鸣器立即报警,提示患者做好闭气等准备工...     

Design of Low-Cost General Purpose Microcontroller Based Neuromuscular Stimulator

In this study, a general purpose, low-cost, programmable, portable and high performance stimulator is designed and implemented. For this purpose, a microcontroller is used in the design of the stimulator. The duty cycle and amplitude of the designed system can be controlled using a keyboard. The performance test of the system has shown that the results are reliable. The overall system can be used as the neuromuscular stimulator under safe conditions.     

Distributed processor for noninvasive blood flow analysis

High-resolution ultrasound imaging of peripheral arteries offers a powerful technique for screening of potential stroke victims. However, the technique becomes inaccurate in cases of low-grade stenosis and the presence of noncalcified plaque. In these cases Doppler flow measurement can be used to augment the imaging system to arrive at a more accurate diagnosis. This paper describes a duplex system that combines high-resolution imaging with Doppler measurements. The various real-time processing and control tasks are implemented in a distributed processing system using three different processors. A high-speed digital signal processor (DSP) performs Fourier transforms on the Doppler-shifted signals and also performs some of the premultiplications required for Doppler parameter computations. A dedicated Doppler CPU receives the spectral coefficients from the DSP and computes several parameters such as gray-scale spectrogram coefficients, frequency centroids, spectral broadening coefficients, and velocity profiles. A third CPU is used to control the imaging system and to perform the housekeeping tasks such as control of the video display and the interface with the control panel.     

经颅磁刺激在脑卒中后痉挛中的临床应用进展

脑卒中后痉挛(post-stroke spasticity,PSS)是卒中后常见的运动障碍表现形式之一,发生率高。主要表现为上肢屈肌群及下肢伸肌群肌张力增强。痉挛很大程度上影响日常生活能力,降低生活质量,故PSS的治疗尤为重要。PSS的治疗包括药物治疗、手法牵伸、神经阻滞疗法等,治疗方法均有其各自的优缺点,目前没有统一最优方案,以综合治疗为主。经颅磁刺激(TMS)治疗是一种非侵入性磁刺激技术,通过电磁感应原理,改变大脑皮层兴奋性,目前已广泛应用于神经系统疾病当中。经颅磁刺激治疗痉挛按治疗部位不同可分为应用于中枢及应用于外周。应用于中枢时,根据治疗模式的不同又分为低频重复经颅磁刺激(rTMS)、高频rTMS以及模式化TMS。研究大多采用1 Hz-rTMS作用于受累侧大脑半球,少量研究应用间歇性爆发性θ波刺激(iTBS)作用于受累侧大脑半球、10 Hz-rTMS作用于受累侧大脑半球。高频rTMS或iTBS作用于受累侧大脑半球,提高皮层兴奋性,加强上位中枢对脊髓运动神经元的控制,降低运动神经元的兴奋性和肌梭敏感性,改善痉挛症状。而低频rTMS作用于非受累侧大脑半球,降低非受累侧半球的兴奋性,减少非受累侧皮层对受累侧皮层的抑制作用,恢复双侧半球间的平衡,间接加强受累侧半球对脊髓运动神经元的控制。应用于外周目前的研究基本采用高频rTMS治疗。本综述旨在阐述经颅磁刺激在治疗脑卒中后痉挛方面的临床应用进展。      

基于STC89C52与IPM调压调频高压电源

利用Boost电路作为调压模块的设计,利用IPM智能功率模块构成全桥逆变电路实现调频模块设计,采用STC89C52作为核心控制器件,产生相应的控制电压PWM信号以及和控制频率的PFM信号,通过IR2105芯片实现驱动,控制开关管的导通,通过隔离驱动电路实现电能的通断控制,实现电源的电压、频率和幅值可调。实验结果证明该电源具有结构简单、损耗小、体积小、重量轻等优点。同时系统采用的IPM模块拥有自驱动能力、短路保护、欠压保护、过流保护和过热保护等保护,模块化的驱动电路设计,电路的内部引线电感极小,因而使得系统更稳定可靠。     

重复经颅磁刺激改善海洛因稽延性戒断综合征的研究

目的 探讨重复经颅磁刺激(repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,rTMS)用于治疗海洛因稽延性戒断综合征的临床疗效.方法 将已经使用美沙酮替代递减脱毒12 d的138例海洛因依赖者进行随机分组,试验组接受系统的rTMS治疗,对照组接受类似rTMS的假性刺激治疗,采用稽延性戒断症状评分量表及焦虑自评量表(self-Rating anxiety scale,SAS)比较两组疗效.结果 试验组SAS评分在治疗后第5、10、15、20和30天均低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗5 d后试验组稽延性戒断症状评分低于对照组(P<0.05);出院后3个月随访调查,试验组复吸率为56.5%,对照组复吸率为89.8%,试验组复吸率低于对照组.结论 rTMS可改善海洛因依赖患者的焦虑症状与心理渴求状况,副作用小,安全性高,复吸率低.     

心室晚电位微机无损伤探测分析系统与临床应用的研究

心室晚电位(LP)是在心电图QRS波末端出现的微弱信号,常规心电图不能描记出来。LP的检测对预防恶性心律失常或猝死有重要意义。本文介绍自行设计的微机无损伤LP探测分析系统及其临床应用。该系统将心电信号转换成数字信号,然后通过正常QRS波与早搏波辨识,信号平均处理以及数字滤波,用绘图仪或打印机记录LP并印出12个分析参数,应用该系统对24名正常人与105名病人进行了临床检查,并对结果进行了分析。     

EFFECTS OF TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION ON MOTOR CORTICAL EXCITABILITY AND NEUROFUNCTION AFTER CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURY IN RATS

Objective To clarify the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation （rTMS） on rat motor cortical excitability and neurofunction after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods After determined awake resting motor threshold （MT） and motor evoked potentials （MEPs） of right hindlimbs, 20 Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion （MCAO） reperfusion injury, then rTMS were applied to rTMS group （n = 10） at different time, while control group （n = 10） received no stimulation. A week later, MT and MEPs were evaluated again, as well as neurological deficits and infarct volume. The effects of rTMS and MCAO reperfusion injury on these parameters were analyzed. Results： After MCAO reperfusion, both MT level and neurological deficit scores increased, distinct focal infarction formed, and latency of MEP elongated. Compared with the control group, the increased extent of MT and neurological scores of rats receiving rTMS were significantly lower （P〈 0.05）, as well as the infarct volumes reduced significantly（P 〈 0.05）. But MEP was not affected by rTMS obviously. There was a positive linear correlation between postinjury MT and infarct volume （r = 0.64, P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion rTMS may facilitate neurofunction recovery after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. Postinjury MT could provide prognostic information after MCAO reperfusion injury.     

Effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis of patients with depression

Objective： To investigate the effects of sleep electroencephalogram-modulated repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation （SEM-rTMS） and conventional rTMS （C-rTMS） on the activity of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal （HPA） axis in patients with depression. Methods： In a double-blind, randomized controlled trial, 164 patients diagnosed with depression were randomized to treatment with SEM-rTMS （n=57）, C-rTMS （n=55） or sham rTMS （n=52） for 30 rain every day for 10 d. Before and after treatment plasma concentrations of adrenocorticotropic hormone （ACTH） and cortisol （CORT） were measured, and the 24-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale （HAMD-24） was used for assessment. Results： The HAMD-24 scores and plasma ACTH and CORT concentrations of these depressive patients before treatment were significantly different from those of the normal control group （P〈0.05）. The HAMD-24 scores and plasma ACTH and CORT concentrations in the SEM-rTMS group and conventional rTMS group were decreased significantly （P〈0.05）. There was a significant positive correlation between the HAMD-24 scores and plasma ACTH （n=240, r=0.105, P=0.048） and CORT concentrations （n-240, r=0.126, P=0.023） in the patients with depression before and after treatment. Conclusion： The antidepressant effect of rTMS, including SEM-rTMS, may be related to its decreasing HPA axis activity. （This trail was registered. No： ChiCTR-TRC-00000465）     

Design and Development of a Heart Rate Variability Analyzer

Heart rate variability (HRV), analysis gives an insight into the state of the autonomic nervous system which modulates the cardiac activity. Here a digital signal controller based handy device is developed which acquires the beat to beat time interval, processes it using techniques based on non-linear dynamics, fractal time series analysis, and information theory. The technique employed, that can give reliable results by assessing heart beat signals fetched for a duration of a few minutes, is a huge advantage over the already existing methodologies of assessing cardiac health, those being dependant on the tedious task of acquiring Electro Cardio Gram(ECG) signals, which in turn requires the subject to lie down at a stretch for a couple of hours. The sensor used, relies on the technique of Photoplethysmography, rendering the whole approach as noninvasive. The device designed, calculates parameters like, Largest Lyapunov Exponent, Fractal dimension, Correlation Dimension, Approximate Entropy and α-slope of Poincare plots, which based on the range in which they fall, the cardiac health condition of the subject can be assessed to even the extend of predicting upcoming disorders. The design of heart beat sensor, the technique used in the acquisition of heart beat data, the relevant algorithm developed for the analysis purpose, are presented here.     

病案示踪计算机数字化管理的设计思路

目的探讨病案流通领域数字化管理的新方法。方法提出利用条形码技术,建立以计算机病案示踪管理下的病案流通控制管理系统实现计算机病案示踪管理的设计思路。结果达到病案示踪100％的精确定位,实现病案“零丢失”。结论实现病案示踪计算机数字化管理,能提高工作效率,确保服务质量,对医院病案管理实现科学化、标准化,促进医院的现代化建设具有深远意义。     

电针结合rTMS对焦虑抑郁障碍共病患者期待心理反应的影响

目的:探讨电针结合重复经颅磁刺激(rTMS)对焦虑抑郁共病(CAD)心理期待反应大脑高级功能电生理的影响。方法:将符合《中国精神障碍分类与诊断标准(第3版)》(CCMD-3)的90例研究参与者随机分为3组,电针合并rTMS组(针磁组)30例予电针百会、印堂、神庭、神门、内关等穴,配合rTMS治疗,磁刺激组(rTMS组)30例采用单纯rTMS治疗,针磁组和rTMS组均按临床常规给予抗抑郁和抗焦虑药物治疗,30例基础治疗组单纯采用药物治疗。各组于治疗前和治疗10天后采用日本Nihon Kohden诱发电位仪检测Cz-A+导联关联性负变(CNV),并与30例正常对照组对照。结果:①各治疗组治疗前CNV期待波起始点(A点)潜伏期较对照组有延长趋势,但无显著差异(P>0.05),针磁组治疗后A点潜伏期较治疗前和基础治疗组显著缩短(P<0.05);各治疗组治疗前后、各组间期待波波幅与对照组无显著差异(P>0.05)。②各治疗组治疗前命令信号后负变化(PINV)回归基线百分率小于对照组(P<0.05),治疗后与对照组无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:电针结合rTMS可显著提高CAD患者心理期待反应启动过程,改善精神动力不足;电针、rTMS和抗抑郁药物可降低患者大脑唤醒水平,缓解患者焦虑症状。     

医院体检信息管理系统的设计与开发

目的：开发医院体检信息管理系统,优化体检流程,提高体检中心工作效率。方法：采用c／s结构,依托“军字一号”平台,以ORACLE数据库作为服务端,客户端程序使用PowerBuilder9．O开发工具。结果：本系统与“军字一号”无缝联接,功能强大,界面友好,操作简单,安全性好。结论：本系统可用于体检中心,有效提高工作效率,能够实现体检中心的现代化、规范化的高效管理。     

重复经颅磁刺激对脑缺血后神经干细胞增殖和迁移的影响

目的:探讨重复经颅磁刺激(repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,rTMS)对大鼠脑缺血后神经干细胞和新生神经细胞的影响。方法:选用成年雄性SD大鼠54只,采用开颅电凝法制作大鼠左侧局灶性大脑中动脉梗塞模型,随机分为假刺激组、高频低强度刺激组和高频高强度刺激组。在缺血后连续刺激1周和2周处死大鼠,免疫组化检测大鼠大脑缺血侧Br-du和Nestin阳性细胞表达,比较相同时间点各组间大鼠神经功能NSS评分,了解rTMS对脑缺血神经功能恢复的影响。结果:高频阈上rTMS治疗可改善脑缺血后神经功能的恢复,其治疗效应与rTMS强度和时间相关,并能有效增加缺血侧BrdU阳性细胞数和Nestin标记的新生神经细胞数(P<0.05)。结论:高频阈上rTMS可促进脑缺血损伤后内源性神经干细胞的增殖及迁移,有助于神经功能的恢复。