胃腺癌组织中细胞胀亡与TSP-1检测

目的 :检测胃腺癌组织中胀亡与TSP - 1。方法 :采用免疫组化SP法检测 4 5例胃腺癌组织中TSP - 1的表达 ,并与正常对照组进行比较 ,利用透射电镜技术观察其中肿瘤细胞的胀亡情况。结果 :①TSP - 1在胃腺癌组织中阳性表达率为 4 6 .6 7% ,在正常胃粘膜中未见表达 ,差异有显著性 ;②胃腺癌组织中发现有不同时期的胀亡细胞 ,胀亡指数 (OI)在TSP - 1阳性组、阴性组分别为 (2 .78± 0 .96 )、(1 .0 5± 0 .34) ,2组间差异有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;③OI、TSP - 1的阳性表达率在有淋巴结转移组高于无淋巴结转移组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;④TSP - 1及OI与胃癌的大体分型、组织学类型、肿瘤大小、肿瘤部位及患者性别、年龄无关。结论 :胃腺癌组织中TSP - 1可抑制肿瘤血管形成 ,从而抑制肿瘤的侵袭转移 ,加速胀亡的形成     

人结直肠腺癌组织中细胞胀亡及碱性成纤维细胞生长因子测定

目的:探讨结直肠腺癌组织中细胞胀亡情况及碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)的表达及其意义.方法:应用透射电镜观察60例结直肠腺癌组织(结肠癌29例,直肠癌31例;高分化腺癌18例,中分化腺癌28例,低分化腺癌14例;有淋巴结转移22例,无淋巴结转移38例;Dukes分期A期8例,B期30例,C期22例)及20例癌旁正常组织中的细胞胀亡情况,并应用免疫组织化学SP法检测上述组织中bFGF表达情况.结果:结直肠腺癌组织中存在细胞胀亡,正常组织中未发现;结直肠腺癌组织细胞胀亡指数(OI)与分化程度、淋巴结有无转移有关(P＜0.05或0.01),与Dukes分期无关(P＞0.05);结直肠腺癌组织中bFGF的阳性表达率为60.0%(36/60),与肿瘤的分化程度、Dukes分期、淋巴结有无转移相关(P＜0.01或0.05),而正常组织中bFGF阳性率为5.0%(1/20),2组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).OI与bFGF表达率呈负相关(r=-0.730,P＜0.01).结论:细胞胀亡与bF-GF表达和结直肠腺癌的生物学行为密切相关.     

大肠癌组织中细胞胀亡及MMP-2检测

目的 :检测大肠癌组织中胀亡细胞及MMP - 2。方法 :应用透射电镜和免疫组化方法检测 5 1例大肠癌组织中胀亡细胞和MMP - 2的表达。结果 :①大肠癌组织中可检测到不同时期的胀亡细胞。②大肠癌组织中MMP- 2表达率 5 4 .9% (2 8/ 5 1 ) ,明显高于正常大肠粘膜 (P <0 .0 5 )。③MMP - 2在淋巴结转移组的阳性表达率为 6 9.5 7% (1 6 / 2 3) ,明显高于无淋巴结转移组的 4 2 .86 % (1 2 / 2 8) ;有淋巴结转移组胀亡指数明显低于无淋巴结转移组 (P<0 .0 5 )。④MMP - 2表达阳性组OI高于MMP - 2阴性组。结论 :大肠癌组织中存在胀亡细胞和MMP - 2的表达 ,2者关系密切 ,且均与大肠癌的转移有关。     

胃腺癌组织中MVD、VEGF及细胞胀亡检测

目的 :检测胃腺癌组织中微血管密度 (MVD)、血管内皮细胞生长因子 (VEGF)与胀亡。方法 :用免疫组织化学方法检测 4 0例胃腺癌组织中MVD和VEGF的表达 ,用透射电镜检测胃癌细胞的胀亡情况。结果 :4 0例胃癌组织中 ,MVD 9～ 78,平均 (36 .5± 1 6 .5 ) ;1 6例VEGF表达阳性 ,阳性率为 4 0 %。胃癌组织中可出现不同时期的胀亡细胞 ,胀亡指数为 (2 .5 94± 0 .1 5 7)。VEGF的表达与胀亡细胞的发生呈负相关 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :胃癌组织中血管形成抑制了细胞胀亡的发生。     

食管鳞状细胞癌组织中细胞胀亡与凋亡检测

目的 :探讨食管鳞状细胞癌组织中细胞胀亡与凋亡的存在及 2者间的关系。方法 :收集 30例食管鳞状细胞癌标本 ,利用透射电镜、TUNEL及免疫组织化学技术检测其中的胀亡、凋亡细胞及微血管密度 (MVD)。结果 :食管鳞状细胞癌组织中存在胀亡及凋亡细胞 ,凋亡指数 (AI)和胀亡指数 (OI)分别为 (1 .7± 1 .2 )和 (3.2± 1 .9)。与MVD低表达组比较 ,高表达组OI较低 ,而AI较高 ,差异有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 0 1或P <0 .0 0 5 )。结论 :食管鳞状细胞癌存在凋亡和胀亡两种细胞死亡方式 ,2者的存在及分布与MVD有关。     

食管鳞状细胞癌组织中细胞胀亡及微血管密度检测

目的 :检测人食管鳞状细胞癌组织中细胞胀亡及微血管密度 (MVD)。方法 :利用透射电镜和免疫组织化学技术 ,对 6 0例手术切除的食管癌组织进行细胞胀亡和MVD检测 ,分析胀亡指数 (OI)与肿瘤MVD、临床病理分期、分化的关系。结果 :食管鳞状细胞癌组织中存在胀亡细胞 ;N0 期癌组织中OI高于N1 期 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;随分化程度的升高 ,OI升高 (P <0 .0 0 5 ) ;MVD高表达组OI高于低表达组 (P <0 .0 0 1 ) ,OI与T分期无关。结论 :食管鳞状细胞癌组织中存在胀亡细胞 ,其与食管癌的生物学行为有一定相关性     

EGFR、TGF-β1、P21WAF1／CIP1在胃癌中的表达及意义

目的:探讨表皮生长因子受体 (EGFR)、转化生长因子 -β1(TGF-β1)、p2 1WAF 1 /CIP1 与胃腺癌发生、发展、转移的关系。方法:采用免疫组织化学方法对 6 4例胃腺癌组织和 15例正常胃组织 EGFR、TGF-β1、p2 1WAF 1 /CIP1 蛋白的表达进行检测。 结果 :EGFR、TGF-β1、p2 1WAF1 /CIP1 在正常胃组织及胃腺癌组织中阳性表达差异均有统计学意义(P均 <0 .0 5 ) ,三者在伴有或不伴有淋巴结转移的胃腺癌组织中阳性表达差异均有统计学意义 (P均 <0 .0 5 )。结论 :EGFR、TGF- β1表达、p2 1WAF1 /CIP1缺失与胃癌的发生、淋巴结转移密切相关 ;EGFR、TGF- β1、p2 1W AF 1 /CIP1表达的检测对胃腺癌的早期诊断及判断预后有重要意义。     

肺腺癌组织中COX-2 mRNA的表达

目的 :研究肺腺癌组织中环氧合酶 2 (COX 2 )的表达及其与转移的关系。方法 :应用逆转录 多聚酶链反应 (RT PCR) ,对 4 5例肺腺癌 (临床分期Ⅰ期 1 4例 ,Ⅱ期 2 0例 ,Ⅲa期 8例 ,Ⅲb期 3例 ,淋巴结转移者 2 0例 ,无淋巴结转移者 2 5例 )和 1 5例癌旁组织COX 2mRNA的表达进行半定量分析。结果 :COX 2mRNA在肺腺癌组织中的表达 (1 .81 3± 0 .0 6 3)高于癌旁肺组织 (0 .6 2 4± 0 .0 4 2 ) (P <0 .0 5 ) ;有淋巴结转移组肺腺癌组织COX 2mRNA的表达为 2 .98± 0 .0 1 ,高于无淋巴结转移组 1 .0 1± 0 .96 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;COX 2mRNA表达随肺腺癌的临床分期增高而增高。结论 :COX 2可作为肺腺癌的重要生物学指标 ,有助于对肺腺癌生物学行为的了解 ,从而指导临床治疗     

肺癌p53、nm 23-H1基因表达与S-100+DC浸润的临床病理意义

目的:探讨肺癌组织中 p5 3、nm2 3- H1 基因异常表达及宿主抗肿瘤免疫反应辅助细胞 S- 10 0蛋白阳性树状细胞 (S- 10 0 + DC)浸润的临床病理意义。 方法 :应用免疫组化方法 (L SAB法 )检测 6 1例肺癌标本组织中 p5 3、nm2 3- H1 蛋白表达及 S- 10 0 + DC浸润情况 ,以正常肺组织作为对照。 结果 :肿瘤组织中 p5 3蛋白表达阳性率为4 5 .90 % ,而正常肺组织无阳性表达 ;肿瘤组织中 nm 2 3- H1 蛋白表达阳性率 (6 7.2 1% )与正常肺组织表达阳性率(90 .0 0 % )之间差异有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。有淋巴结转移的病例组原发灶肿瘤组织中 nm 2 3- H1 蛋白表达阳性率 (46 .88% )低于无淋巴结转移的病例组 (89.6 6 % ) ,差异有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。 p5 3蛋白表达与病理学分型、分化及临床分期之间无相关性。 nm2 3- H1 蛋白表达与病理学分型及分化之间无相关性 ,而与淋巴结转移有相关性(P <0 .0 5 )。I期腺癌原发肿瘤组织 S- 10 0 + DC浸润密度均数 (9.1个 / HM)低于 、 期腺癌 (13.2个 / HM) (P <0 .0 5 )。结论:p5 3、nm2 3- H1 基因异常表达是肺癌发生转移中的重要事件。p5 3蛋白检测可以用于肺癌诊断 ;nm2 3-H1 基因是肺癌的转移抑制基因。肺癌组织 S- 10 0 + DC浸润与机体抗肿瘤免疫反应有关     

胃癌组织中水通道蛋白1、微血管密度与细胞胀亡的关系及临床意义

目的：探讨胃癌组织中水通道蛋白1（AQP1）、微血管密度（MVD）与细胞胀亡的关系及临床意义。方法采用免疫组化法、蛋白印迹法检测55例胃癌、22例胃正常组织中AQP1的表达,Ⅷ因子相关抗原多克隆抗体标记血管内皮细胞法计数MVD,透射电镜观测细胞胀亡情况。随访并分析AQP1与胃癌患者预后的关系。结果胃癌组织中存在细胞胀亡;Ⅲ＋Ⅳ临床分期胃癌组织中的胀亡指数（OI）高于Ⅰ＋Ⅱ临床分期（P＜0.01）;淋巴结转移组OI明显高于无淋巴结转移组（P＜0.05）。AQP1表达强度与MVD呈显著正相关（P＜0.05）。在胃癌组织标本中,AQP1阳性表达率为58.2％,明显高于正常胃组织（P＜0.01）。胃癌伴淋巴结转移组AQP1表达水平明显高于无淋巴结转移组（P＜0.05）。多因素生存分析显示AQP1表达、有无淋巴结转移是预后的独立危险因素（P＜0.05）。结论细胞胀亡和AQP1表达与胃癌的血管生成、生物学行为密切相关;AQP1可以作为判断胃癌预后的临床指标。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.