Perinephric urinoma secondary to neurogenic bladder with vesicoureteral reflux: Report of an adult case

We report a case of infectious perinephric urinoma in a 73-year-old woman who had a neurogenic bladder with vesico-ureteral reflux. The patient was admitted to our emergency room with right lumbago and high fever. Ultrasounds and computed tomography demonstrated a right large perinephric cystic mass, bilateral hydronephrosis and much residual urine. Percutaneous drainage of the cystic mass was performed with an indwelling urethral catheter. The content of the mass was urine infected with Escherichia coli. Antibiotic therapy was performed successfully and we then examined the cause of the urinoma. A urodynamic study demonstrated a low-compliance small bladder and detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia. A voiding cystourethrogram revealed right grade III vesicoureteral reflux. The patient was unable to be cleared with intermittent catheterization and had an indwelling urethral catheter inserted. In 1 year, the voiding cystourethrogram showed no vesicoureteral reflux and the patient was well with no evidence of recurrent urinoma without the urethral catheter. There have been only two reported cases of urinoma caused by neurogenic bladder with vesico-ureteral reflux in children and this is the first case reported in an adult.     

The so-called megaureter-megacystis syndrome: a case report]

We encountered a patient with megaureter-megacystis syndrome showing a giant bladder and dilated ureters with marked reflux, which is very rare; to our knowledge, only 2 patients have been reported in Japan. The patient was a 4-year-old boy, who showed inborn polyposia and polyuria, and proteinuria at the age of 1 year. He visited the pediatric department in our hospital complaining of cold-like symptoms, stomachache and diarrhea. Urinary infection and kidney dysfunction were observed, and the patient was hospitalized for close examination. Bilateral pyelocaliceal hydronephrosis was detected by ultrasonography, and the patient was referred to our department. CT revealed bilateral hydronephrosis (right atrophic kidney), hydroureters and megacystis. Bilateral grade V vesicoureteral reflux, an increase in the bladder volume (> 300 ml), and urination without residual urine were noted by voiding cystourethrography. Uroflowmetry revealed that maximum flow rate was 21.6 ml/sec, voided volume was 110 ml, and residual volume was 24 ml. From these examinations, the patient was diagnosed as having megaureter-megacystis syndrome, and underwent antireflux operation of the bilateral ureters using Cohen's procedures.     

Herpes zoster-associated acute urinary retention: a case report

An 87-year-old woman presents with a 4-week history of urinary incontinence during which she had been treated for disseminated herpes zoster virus (HZV). On physical exam painful vesicles involving the entire vulvar region with mainly right sacral distribution were found. A catheterized volume exceeded 600 ml of retained urine after the patient failed to void spontaneously. Multichannel voiding-pressure urodynamic studies revealed an acontractile neurogenic bladder with overflow incontinence. The patient was discharged on a conservative regimen with arrangement for visiting nurse services to perform intermittent self-catheterization twice daily. Urodynamic testing was repeated 10 weeks after initial symptoms. During voiding cystometry a biphasic increase in detrusor pressure of 15 cm H₂O was observed with no increase in abdominal pressure. The patient emptied 400 ml with a postvoid residual of 300 ml. Recovery from HZV-associated bladder emptying dysfunction can be achieved usually through conservative management, including intermittent self-catheterization. Complete recovery time ranges from 4 to 10 weeks.     

Neurogenic voiding dysfunction after sacrococcygeal teratoma resection

A 6-year-old girl was referred to our department due to pyelonephritis. Voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) revealed grade 4 vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) and urethral deformity (stenosis and lateral deviation). She had a history of sacrococcygeal teratoma resection in the newborn. Urodynamic study revealed a large-capacity hypotonic bladder and poor bladder emptying. Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the spine demonstrated no abnormal findings. Despite conservative therapy, there were no improvement of VUR. Then, urethral dilation and anti-reflux-surgery were performed. Six months after the operation, VCUG showed no VUR. However, she has persistent residual urine due to neurogenic voiding dysfunction, and is being treated with a regimen of frequent timed voiding to reduce urinary residual and urinary tract infection.     

Surgery (TUR-P) as a recommended initial treatment modality for the presented case

The pathophysiology of lower urinary tract dysfunction in the presented case comprised voiding dysfunction and overactive bladder. Two etiologies for voiding dysfunction in this case could be considered, bladder outlet obstruction due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or detrusor underactivity. Prospected efficacies of pharmacological and surgical treatment (transurethral resection of prostate: TUR-P) for this case were compared based on a literature review. Alpha-1 blockers improve both voiding and storage symptoms in patients with BPH. However, improvement of maximum flow rate (Qmax) on uroflowmetry is limited within a small range and there is no evidence of significant reduction in residual urine volume. Alpha-1 blockers have no significant efficacy in improvement of objective measures in patients with detrusor underactivity. Although anticholinergics improve overactive bladder symptoms, they are contraindicated for patients with severe voiding dysfunction with residual urine. There is a lack of study on efficacy of apha-1 blocker administration combined with anticholinergics available in our hands for patients with BPH and overactive bladder. On the other hand, TUR-P brings remarkable improvement in voiding and storage symptoms, increase of flow rate and reduction of residual urine as a gold-standard surgical treatment for BPH. Urge incontinence and uninhibited detrusor contraction on cystometry reportedly disappeared in 60% of patients following TUR-P. TUR-P also improves subjective symptom and objective measures in patients with BPH and detrusor underactivity. Based on the literature review, surgery is recommended as a standard initial therapy for the presented patient with significant voiding dysfunction (Qmax 9.4 ml/sac and residual urine 72 ml).     

Augmentation ileocystoplasty in neurogenic bladder due to transverse myelitis in a woman with systemic lupus erythematosus

A 39-year-old female with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with a neurogenic bladder is described. She developed voiding disturbance with paraplegia and sensory disturbance on her inferior limb. Clinical findings suggested elevated activities of SLE with transverse myelitis. Although her symptoms were improved after one course of methylprednisolone pulse therapy, clean intermittent catheterization was required for urinary incontinence and residual urine. One year later, bilateral hydronephrosis and vesical diverticulitis developed, and thus augmentation ileocystoplasty was performed. After three months of the operation, hydronephrosis and urinary incontinence resolved with frequent clean intermittent catheterization. We should not overlook lower urinary tract symptoms in patients with SLE. We advocate performing a surgical procedure in cases in which conservative treatments are not effective.     

A case of solitary pelvic kidney with vesicoureteral reflux and neurogenic bladder dysfunction

A case of solitary pelvic kidney with neurogenic bladder dysfunction with vesicoureteral reflux is presented. The patient was a 15-year-old boy with sacral vertebral dysplasia and hare-lip, and he has been complaining of recurrent fever episodes and urinary incontinence since 11 years old. Renal anomaly was confirmed by DIP, CT and angiography, and grade IV vesicoureteral reflux was demonstrated by voiding cystourethrography. On cystometrography, low compliance bladder which had a 70 ml capacity on first desire to void and 90 ml capacity on maximum desire to void was observed. Electromyography of anal sphincter performed with uroflowmetry revealed no relaxation of external sphincter during voiding. To preserve renal function, antireflux surgery was performed by Cohen's method, and a successful result, that is cessation of reflux and no ureteral obstruction, was achieved. After operation, periodic transcutaneous electrical stimulation were applied to the pudendal nerve, as a result bladder capacity increased to 150 ml and dysuria with incontinence improved.     

膀胱次全切除回肠扩大膀胱术治疗神经源性膀胱尿道功能障碍

目的：探讨肠道扩大膀胱成形术治疗神经源性膀胱尿道功能障碍的价值。方法：采用膀胱次全切除、回肠扩大膀胱成形术治疗7例神经源性膀胱尿道功能障碍患者。结果：2例术后排尿通畅，剩余尿消失；3例术后曾有排尿困难，经尿道膀胱颈电切后排尿通畅，无尿失禁，最大尿流率分别为27、16和18ml/s；1例术前曾采用经尿道膀胱颈电切术无效，行本手术后剩余尿消失，但仍有尿失禁，后在超声引导下于尿道周围注射硅酮后，尿失禁症状明显改善；余1例术后仍有排尿困难。结论：该手术方法对神经源性膀胱尿道功能障碍是一种可行的治疗方法。     

Micturitional disturbance in a patient with adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN)

We report a case of adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN) in which serial urodynamic studies showed neurogenic bladder dysfunction. The patient was in good health until the age of 12, when he began to lose his hair. At age 25 he started to have urinary urgency, difficulty in voiding, occasional fecal incontinence, erectile impotence, and progressive gait disturbance. In his first admission to our hospital age 31, he was intelligent but childish. He showed diffuse baldness, spastic paraparesis, and disturbed vibratory sensation. Serum cortisol response to corticotropin (ACTH) was low and serum levels of very long chain fatty acids were increased. Nerve conduction studies and sural nerve biopsy showed the presence of peripheral neuropathy. These findings confirmed the diagnosis of AMN. The first urodynamic study showed residual urine volume of 50 ml, impaired bladder sensation, and detrusor hyperreflexia. At age 38 he needed diapers because he became apathetic and demented, and could no longer stand by himself. MRI disclosed high signal intensities in the bilateral cerebral white matter. The second urodynamic study showed residual urine volume of 200 ml and decreased bladder capacity with marked detrusor hyperreflexia. Demyelinating lesions of the peripheral nerve and white matter of the spinal cord and the cerebrum may be mainly responsible for the micturitional disturbance in our patient with AMN. Neurourol. Urodynam. 17:207–212, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Bladder dysfunction after bilateral ectopic ureterocele repair

PURPOSE: We examined postoperative outcome, with emphasis on bladder function, in pediatric patients who underwent bilateral ectopic ureterocele repair. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We reviewed the records of 117 patients with orthotopic and ectopic ureteroceles treated between 1977 and 2000. Twelve of these patients had bilateral ectopic ureteroceles. All patients with bilateral ureteroceles were females 1 day to 2 years old at referral. Initial treatment was transureteral puncture in 6 cases, transurethral unroofing in 2 and extravesical bilateral reimplantation in 1. Of the remaining 3 patients the initial treatment was unilateral heminephroureterectomy in 1 and bilateral heminephroureterectomy in 2. Definitive treatment included bilateral upper to lower ureteroureterostomy, ureterocelectomy with trigonal and bladder neck reconstruction, and bilateral ureteroneocystotomy with or without tapering of the recipient ureter. In patients who underwent upper pole partial nephrectomy the distal upper pole ureter was removed in conjunction with trigonal surgery and ureteroneocystotomy. RESULTS: There was significant morbidity in this group of patients, including voiding dysfunction and poor bladder emptying with residual urine greater than 20% of bladder capacity in 7 of 10 patients studied by serial bladder ultrasonography. Urodynamic evaluation in 3 patients revealed increased bladder compliance and large volume residual urine. Of these 3 patients 2 perform clean intermittent catheterization. Recurrent symptomatic bacteruria was noted in 7 of the 12 patients. CONCLUSIONS: Patients undergoing bilateral ectopic ureterocele repair are at increased risk for postoperative voiding dysfunction. Whether this risk is present preoperatively or is a result of trigonal surgery is unclear.     

经尿道手术治疗神经性排尿功能障碍

目的 总结经尿道手术治疗神经性排尿障碍的疗效及适应证.方法 神经性排尿功能障碍患者41例.男13例,女28例.年龄12～43岁,平均27岁.其中骶椎裂36例、骶脊膜膨出术后2例、骶神经瘤切除术后1例、腰椎外伤术后2例.临床表现为排尿困难、尿线细.B超检查提示膀胱残余尿及双肾输尿管积水,尿动力学检查提示神经原性膀胱.手术采用局麻,女性患者在5、6、7点电切膀胱颈至环状纤维;男性患者在11、1点垂直部分切断外括约肌.结果 41例均获随访,平均随访85(2～252)个月.手术成功36例(88%),患者排尿通畅,尿流率增加>10 ml/s,肾输尿管积水减少或消失.无效5例(12%).结论 经尿道电切治疗骶神经损伤所致下尿路排尿功能障碍方法简便易行、费用低、效果好.     

改良尿道网状记忆合金支架植入术治疗骶髓下神经原性排尿功能障碍

目的 介绍改良尿道网状记忆合金支架植入术治疗骶髓下神经原性排尿功能障碍的方法，并评估其疗效。方法 对12例骶髓下神经原性排尿功能障碍患者采用后尿道内植入TiNi网状记忆合金尿道支架方法治疗，支架置于膀胱颈至外括约肌之间的尿道内。通过排尿日记、剩余尿量、肾积水程度、尿动力学检查等客观指标评估疗效。结果 支架植入后12例患者平均逼尿肌漏尿点压力由61cm H2O降至28cm H2O，最大排尿压由113cm H2O降至71cmH2O，剩余尿量由408ml降至34ml，单次尿量由264ml增至46lml，肾积水程度明显改善。术后近期出现尿失禁2例、排尿困难1例、血尿1例，1周内均消失。结论 改良式尿道网状记忆合金支架植入术是一种治疗骶髓下神经原性排尿功能障碍的较好方法，疗效确实，并发症少，可以有效保护患者上尿路功能，提高患者生活质量。     

The predictive factors of hydronephrosis in patients with spina bifida: reports from China

Purpose

To identify the risk factors for hydronephrosis in patients with neurogenic bladder caused by spina bifida.

Methods

A retrospective analysis of 120 patients with hydronephrosis between January 2005 and 2012 was conducted. The patients were evaluated for the following factors: age, sex, voiding symptoms, experience of using clean intermittent catheterization, history of urinary tract infection (UTI), history of one or more tethered spinal cord release surgery, routine urine examination, serum creatinine, ultrasound for kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urodynamic findings by univariate and logistic regression analyses.

Results

Among the 120 patients, 45 (38 %) had unilateral or bilateral hydronephrosis. Univariate analysis indicated that detrusor hyperreflexia, poor compliance (PC), vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), urinary incontinence, high residual urine, and UTI were the significant factors in the incidence of hydronephrosis. Multivariate analysis indicated that PC, VUR, and UTI were the risk factors for hydronephrosis and that detrusor hyperreflexia and urinary incontinence were the protective factors. UTI was the most serious risk factor for hydronephrosis, with an odds ratio of 29.6. Hydronephrosis was not associated with the history of tethered spinal cord release surgery.

Conclusion

This study revealed the prognostic risk factors for hydronephrosis. The medical history of patients, imaging examination, and urodynamic parameters play key roles in identifying the risk factors for hydronephrosis.     

Principles and indications of electrostimulation of the urinary bladder

Neurostimulation to restore the essential elements of lower urinary tract function is a very promising approach in the management of the neuropathic bladder. The goal of neurostimulation is to restore the three main functions of the lower urinary tract: the reservior capacity of the bladder, the sphincteric activity of the continence mechanism, and the ability of the bladder to evacuate completely. In extensive experimental studies conducted over the past 18 years, the physiological foundations of micturition and sphincteric control were investigated, which made the clinical application of neurostimulation in the management of the neurogenic bladder possible. In human studies, the essential experimental model of ventral root stimulation after dorsal rhizotomy and selective peripheral neurotomy proved to be the most successful. To date, over 220 patients have been treated, of whom 35 have spinal cord injury or severe neuropathy and received multiple sacral root implants. 25 of the 35 patients are evaluable, 15 (60%) of these achieved the three goals of the study: complete continence, restoration of reservoir function with adequate capacity, and voiding to neurostimulation with minimal residual urine or none. The remaining 185 patients with a variety of voiding dysfunctions classified under four main headings: 1) urge incontinence; 2) post-prostatectomy incontinence; 3) pelvic dysfunction syndrome in the male; 4) pelvic dysfunction syndrome in the female were treated by single electrode implantation in order to modulate spastic voiding dysfunction and pelvic floor activity. Success rates (improvement of 50% or more) were 72%, 38%, 46%, and 47% in the four groups, respectively.     

Transient neurogenic bladder-emptying disorder caused by herpes genitalis following kidney transplantation

We report on a case of transient neurogenic dysfunction of the urinary bladder caused by herpes genitalis in a renal transplant patient. The patient noticed a slow urinary stream 3 days after the vesicular stage of the herpes genitalis. After 9 days complete urinary retention and loss of sensation developed, necessitating the insertion of suprapubic tube. Symptoms and residual urine spontaneously disappeared after 20 days. After removal of the suprapubic tube the patient could empty his bladder completely with good stream. 45 cases of this kind have been described in the literature. the cause is a sacral meningo-radiculitis with herpes simplex virus leading to a transient neuromotoric paralysis of the bladder.     

骶神经调节治疗慢性排尿功能障碍二例报告

目的　探讨骶神经调节治疗慢性排尿功能障碍的疗效与安全性。　方法　采用骶神经调节技术治疗 2例慢性排尿功能障碍患者 ,通过排尿日记和症状改善评价疗效。　结果　经皮穿刺测试结果表明 :例 1患者每日排尿次数降低 7.3% ,排尿量增加 118.2 % ,尿急程度减轻 72 .0 % ;例 2患者排尿次数降低 34.3% ,排尿量增加 6 5 .7% ,尿急程度减轻 6 8.1%。 2例分别随访 2 6和 17个月 ,各项排尿参数持续改善 ,例 1排尿次数减少 4 6 .8% ,排尿量增加 4 5 .3% ,尿急程度减轻 6 7% ;例 2排尿次数减少 39.7% ,排尿量增加 6 5 .6 % ,尿急程度减轻 86 %。随访期未发现并发症。　结论　骶神经调节是一种创伤小、安全、有效治疗慢性排尿功能障碍的方法 ,对某些神经原性膀胱尿道功能障碍有一定疗效。     

An artificial somatic-autonomic reflex pathway procedure for bladder control in children with spina bifida

PURPOSE: Neurogenic bladder is a major problem for children with spina bifida. Despite rigorous pharmacological and surgical treatment, incontinence, urinary tract infections and upper tract deterioration remain problematic. We have previously demonstrated the ability to establish surgically a skin-central nervous system-bladder reflex pathway in patients with spinal cord injury with restoration of bladder storage and emptying. We report our experience with this procedure in 20 children with spina bifida. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All children with spina bifida and neurogenic bladder underwent limited laminectomy and a lumbar ventral root (VR) to S3 VR microanastomosis. The L5 dorsal root was left intact as the afferent branch of the somatic-autonomic reflex pathway after axonal regeneration. All patients underwent urodynamic evaluation before and after surgery. RESULTS: Preoperative urodynamic studies revealed 2 types of bladder dysfunction- areflexic bladder (14 patients) and hyperreflexic bladder with detrusor external sphincter dyssynergia (6). All children were incontinent. Of the 20 patients 17 gained satisfactory bladder control and continence within 8 to 12 months after VR microanastomosis. Of the 14 patients with areflexic bladder 12 (86%) showed improvement. In these cases bladder capacity increased from 117.28 to 208.71 ml, and mean maximum detrusor pressure increased from 18.35 to 32.57 cm H2O. Five of the 6 patients with hyperreflexic bladder demonstrated improvement, with resolution of incontinence. Urodynamic studies in these cases revealed a change from detrusor hyperreflexia with detrusor external sphincter dyssynergia and high detrusor pressure to nearly normal storage and synergic voiding. In these cases mean bladder capacity increased from 94.33 to 177.83 ml, and post-void residual urine decreased from 70.17 to 23.67 ml. Overall, 3 patients failed to exhibit any improvement. CONCLUSIONS: The artificial somatic-autonomic reflex arc procedure is an effective and safe treatment to restore bladder continence and reverse bladder dysfunction for patients with spina bifida.     

经尿道内括约肌切除术在神经源性膀胱患者中的应用及长期随访研究

目的:治疗神经源性膀胱的首要两大目的即保护上尿路功能,获得或保持最恰当的尿控能力,但目前缺乏完美的治疗方法.为评价经尿道内括约肌切除术在神经源性膀胱患者中的应用及长期效果,行本研究.方法:回顾性分析2010年6月-2019年6月在我院接受经尿道内括约肌切除术治疗的17例神经源性膀胱患者的临床资料,其中男9例,女8例,年...     

Pittsburgh experience with botulinum toxin A injection

We report one institution's six-year experience using botulinum toxin A (BONT-A) in the bladder and urethra in 110 patients for a variety of lower urinary tract dysfunction. 110 patients (age 19-82) were injected with BONT-A into the bladder (n=42) or urethra (n=68), 35 M, 75 F. Voiding dysfunction included: neurogenic detrusor overactivity and/or detrusor sphincter dyssynergia, overactive bladder (OAB), benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), bladder neck obstruction (BNO) and interstitial cystitis (IC). Currently, 27 patients have undergone further injections (up to 6) at intervals > 6 months. All the patients with bladder BONT-A injection had preoperative evidence of involuntary detrusor contractions during urodynamic testing. Analysis of the 110 patients indicates that 67.3% reported a decrease or absence of incontinence. Diaries indicate a decrease in both day and night voiding symptoms. Efficacy occurred within 7 days and lasted for at least 6 months. Condition specific QOL symptom scores also demonstrated improvement. There have been no long-term complications. Two MS women with mild baseline stress urinary incontinence reported increased leakage with stress after BONT-A external sphincter injection. One MS woman who had a bladder injection had an increased residual urine from 78 to 155 ml. She did not have to perform intermittent catheterization. BONT-A injection is a safe and promising treatment modality for a variety of lower urinary tract dysfunctions for both skeletal and smooth muscle dysfunction. In our series, BONT-A is equally effective in women as it is in men. Bladder injections with BONT-A are effective for not only neurogenic detrusor overactivity but also overactive bladder. BONT-A can even be considered for IC.     

脊髓损伤排尿功能障碍患者的尿动力学分析

目的 了解不同节段脊髓损伤后膀胱尿道功能障碍的差异.方法 回顾性分析30例脊髓损伤患者的尿动力学资料.男22例,女8例.年龄17～74岁,平均47岁.病程7～36个月,平均18个月.其中胸腰段脊髓损伤19例,骶髓损伤11例.2组尿动力检查结果行单因素方差分析或秩和检验比较.结果 胸腰段脊髓损伤组与骶髓损伤组自由尿流率参数比较:最大自由尿流率(13.0±5.1)与(13.0±5.8)ml/s,2 s时自由尿流率(6.5±5.1)与(6.9±6.4)ml/s,平均自由尿流率(5.4±2.4)与(3.4±0.5)ml/s,自主排尿量(279.1±131.1)与(450.0±26.6)ml,残余尿量(209.5±180.7)与(434.0±215.0)ml;2组排尿量和残余尿量比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).2组完全性膀胱测压参数比较:最大尿流率(16.0±23.3)与(7.1±3.3)ml/s,平均尿流率(4.6±2.3)与(3.9±2.3)ml/s,排尿后2 s的尿流率(4.6±3.1)与(2.2±3.2)ml/s,排尿量(268.4±113.9)与(129.0±97.9)ml,最大尿流率时的逼尿肌压力(58.8±22.0)与(56.5±14.5)cm H2O(1 cm H2O=0.098 kPa),逼尿肌最大压力时的尿流率(4.8±2.0)与(4.8±4.4)ml/s,逼尿肌最大压力(68.0±31.0)与(54.6±20.2)cm H2O,排尿期平均压力(47.4±20.0)与(42.6±13.9)cm H2O,2组排尿量比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).2组膀胱感觉及膀胱尿道协同性差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),胸腰段损伤患者中低顺应性膀胱(4/11)发生率较高,骶髓损伤患者中高顺应性膀胱(11/19)发生率较高.结论 骶髓损伤和胸腰段脊髓损伤患者区别主要为膀胱顺应性的差异和膀胱逼尿肌收缩能力的改变,骶髓损伤患者逼尿肌收缩能力降低、高顺应性膀胱发生率较高,胸腰段脊髓损伤患者逼尿肌收缩亢进、低顺应性膀胱发生率较高.

Abstract：

Objective To find the differences of bladder and urethra dysfunction between sacral spinal cord injury and Thoracolumbar spinal cord injury.Methods According to the criteria of inclusion and exclusion, we collected 30 patients in the study group.There were 22 males and 8 females, aged 17 -74 ( mean, 47 ) years, with duration between 7 - 36 ( mean, 18) months.There were nineteen cases of thoracolumbar spinal cord injury and 11 cases of sacral spinal cord injury in the study group.We conducted a retrospective analysis of the urodynamic data of the 30 patients in the group.They were divided into a sacral spinal cord injury group and a thoracolumbar spinal cord injury group according to the location of the site of injury.The urodynamic findings of the two groups were comparable.SPSS 16.0 was used to compare the differences between the groups by ANOVA/rank sum test.Results We measured the free flow rate parameters between thoracolumbar and sacral spinal cord injury groups.The maximum free flow rate was ( 13.0 ±5.1 ) vs ( 13.0 ±5.8) ml/s, the free flow rate at 2 s was (6.5 ±5.1 ) vs (6.9 ±6.4) ml/s, the mean free flow rate was (5.4± 2.4) vs ( 3.4 ± 0.5 ) ml/s, urine output volume was ( 279.1 ±131.1 ) vs (450.0 ± 26.6) ml and the residual urine volume was (209.5 ± 180.7 ) vs (434.0 ± 215.0) ml.The residual urine volume and urine output volume of sacral the spinal cord injury group was higher than the thoracic spinal cord injury group (P ＜ 0.05).We also measured the the cystometric parameters.The maximum urinary flow rate was (16.0±23.3) vs (7.1 ±3.3) ml/s, average flow rate was (4.6 ±2.3) vs (3.9 ± 2.3) ml/s, the flow rate after voiding 2 s was (4.6 ± 3.1 ) vs (2.2 ± 3.2) ml/s, urine output volume was (268.4 ± 113.9) vs ( 129.0 ± 97.9) ml, detrusor pressure of maximum flow rate was (58.8 ± 22.0) vs (56.5 ± 14.5) cm H2 O, flow rate of maximum detrusor pressure was (4.8 ± 2.0) vs (4.8 ± 4.4) ml/s,the maximum detrusor pressure was (68.0 ± 31.0) vs (54.6 ± 20.2) cm H2O and the average pressure of voiding period was (47.4 ±20.0) vs (42.6 ± 13.9) cm H2O.The urine output volume of the thoracolumbar spinal cord injury group was lower than sacral spinal cord injury group ( P ＜ 0.05 ).There were no significant differences in bladder sensation and coordination of bladder/urethra between the thoracolumbar spinal cord injury group and the sacral spinal cord injury group (P ＞ 0.05).The incidence of low compliance bladder in the thoracolumbar spinal cord injury patients (4/11) was higher than the sacral spinal injury group, the incidence of high compliance bladder in the sacral spinal cord injury patients (11/19) was higherthan the thoracolumbar group.Conclusions The urodynamics' difference between the sacral spinal cord injury group and thoracolumbar spinal cord injury group was observed in bladder compliance and bladder detrusor contractility changes.Relatively, the incidence of decreased detrusor contractility and high compliance bladder in sacral spinal cord injury patients was higher, and the cidence of detrusor hyperreflexia and low compliance bladder in thoracolumbar spinal cord injury patients was higher.