腹腔感染单核细胞增多性李斯特菌属时腹腔中γ/δ-T细胞和α/β-T细胞的出现顺序

小鼠对单核细胞增多性李斯特菌属的宿主反应,对于研究任意细胞内致病菌的保护机制是个良好的模型。原发感染李斯特菌属后的早期反应归因于小鼠肝脾内的Mφ,晚期反应以李斯特菌属抗原依赖性T 细胞的增殖为特征。其中CD_4~+T 细胞亚群是主要的效应细胞,CD_8~+T 细胞亚群也参与了反应。T 细胞识别自身MHC 范围内的特定抗原是     

重型乙型病毒性肝炎肝组织内T淋巴细胞亚群的观察

本文用抗CD_3,CD_4,CD_8McAb和ABC法检测21例重型乙肝患者肝大片,亚大片坏死区炎性浸润细胞中的T细胞亚群,CD_3~+细胞>70％,其中主要为CD_8~+细胞,CD_4~+细胞减少,CD_4~+/CD_8~+比值显著下降,与急黄肝和慢活肝比较差异显著。相反,非HBV感染性肝病患者非T细胞和CD_4~+细胞增加,CD_4~+/CD_8~+比值>1。提示重肝时T细胞可能参与了肝损伤,CD_8细胞亚群可能是介导肝细胞坏死的重要因素之一。还观察到相当数量的淋巴细胞和肝细胞HLA—DR抗原阳性,淋巴细胞与膜型HBAg(+)肝细胞密切接触。     

胸腺肽缓解更年期症状和T细胞亚群的检测

本文应用生物反应调节剂之一胸腺肽治疗更年期症状,共观察38例治疗前、后Kupperman Score(简称K分)和15例治疗前后T细胞亚群的分布。结果示洽疗前后K分值分别为25.58±6.15和9.52±3.43,经统计分析二者之间有非常显著差异(P<0.001),表明胸腺肽有缓解更年期症状的作用。更年期症状组T细胞亚群的分布为CD_3 78.34％、CD_4 43.11％、CD_8 36.40％和CD_4/CD_8 1.18,与正常对照组(4例)比较,表明更年期症状组有免疫功能紊乱,以CD_8细胞的上升占优势。应用胸腺肽1～2月后,T细胞亚群的分布为CD_3 73.60％、CD_4 46.32％、CD_8 27.76％和CD_4/CD_8 1.68,表明胸腺肽可纠正这种不平衡状态,使抑制了的免疫功能得到恢复。胸腺肽-免疫-内分泌系统之间的调节是临床治疗更年期症状的依据,很有实用价值,有待深入研究。     

HIV感染人群血清中SCD_8水平的检测

CD_4和CD_8糖蛋白位于T 淋巴细胞亚群的表面,属于免疫球蛋白类。人类T 淋巴细胞根据细胞表面的表型可分为辅助诱导性T细胞(CD_4)和抑制细胞毒性T 细胞(CD_8)两个亚群。HIV 已被确定为AIDS 的病原,虽然CA_4是HIV 逆转录病毒的受体,而HIV的趋向性也是依赖于靶细胞CD_4的表达,但在HIV 感染之后,CD_8细胞增多。Fujimo-     

抗IL-2受体单抗选择性保留的T抑制细胞

抗IL-2R 单抗是一种免疫抑制剂,体内作用可通过清除灭活IL-2R 阳性细胞来实现,并同时保留了部分抑制细胞。这类T 抑制细胞,可抑制混合淋巴细胞反应,抑制同种免疫排斥反应;协同抗IL-2R 单抗清除灭活IL-2R 阳性细胞的免疫抑制作用,阻止初次排异反应的发生。这类T 抑制细胞可为CD_4或CD_8表型,它们不表达IL-2R 或不表达为抗IL-2R 单抗所识别的表位,从而被选择性地保留下来。     

人体T细胞CD_8~+VV~+亚群在活动性SLE患者中显示反抑制活性

反抑制T 细胞(TCS)借助T 辅助细胞对抗T 抑制细胞的抑制效应,参与免疫调节。小鼠和人体的TCS 都表达长绒毛野豌豆凝集素受体(VV—R)。人体TCS 则主要是CD_8~+VV~+T 亚群,和临床多种疾病免疫功能异常密切相关。本文用抗VV 抗体单色和双色免疫荧光法和流式法细胞术(FCM)测知正常人VV~+T 亚群的比例是16.6±2.9%。用FCM 双色免疫荧光法检测到活动期SLE 患者CD_8VV~+亚群百分比高达23.63%和对照组(8.50%)及稳定期(14.49%)相比差异显著。然而CD_4~+VV~+亚群在三组SLE 中基本不变。进一步深入分析是做有关CD_8VV~+T 细胞亚群的功能测定,证实活动性SLE 患者VV~+T 细胞具有比正常个体高得多的反抑制活性,相对反应值从100%提高到485%和625%。提示CD_(?)VV~+细胞和SLE 免疫调节功能紊乱密切相关。     

单克隆抗体(抗单)的荧光标记及其在竞争抑制试验中的应用

本文报告了一种用于直接免疫荧光试验、改进的单克隆抗体(单抗)荧光标记条件与方法 及其在单抗之间的竞争抑制试验中的应用,该法在标记条件上与用于间接免疫荧光的多克隆抗体(第二抗体)的标记有较大不同。最主要的是要求较高的F/P值。作者按此法标记了六种单克隆抗体Wu T_3,Wu T_4,Wu T_6,WuT_8,Wu T_(10)和Wu T(11)。并且将它们与已知的单抗进行了竞争抑制试验。结果表期:Wu T_3与OKT3,Wu T_4与OKT_4,Wu T_8与OKT_8,Wu T_6与H1T_(6-1),H1T(6-2)以及Wu T_(11)与抗CCT_3具有相互抑制结合抗原的再用。证明它们均能相应识别CD_3,CD_4,CD_8,CD_(1a)和CD_2靶抗原分子。此法对检定、比较抗细胞性抗原的单抗,具有很大价值。     

免疫组化技术分析人淋巴组织的多种分化抗原

用间接免疫过氧化物酶和PAP技术检测本室制备的31种抗人分化抗原单抗与淋巴组织的反应性.结果表明,CD3、CD5单抗与扁桃腺和淋巴结的T细胞、大部分成熟髓质胸腺细胞和脾白髓的中央动脉周围淋巴鞘呈非常强的反应.CD4~+细胞在扁桃腺的分布与CD3~+细胞类似,但数量稍少.只有少部扁桃腺和淋巴结T细胞与CD8单抗反应,CD8单抗主要染大部分胸腺皮质细胞,但抗CD8单抗与脾窦的内皮细胞呈强阳性交叉反应.Wu59单抗同时与扁桃腺、淋巴结和脾脏的T、B细胞呈非常强的膜染色,并与胸腺皮质和髓质细胞呈阳性反应,该单抗可能识别白细胞共同抗原或LFA-1.Wu 26.145单抗除与扁桃腺生发中心呈弱阳性反应外,还与脾红髓窦状结构内的血小板呈强阳性反应.此外,抗B细胞及其亚群单抗与扁桃腺、淋巴结、脾白髓生发中心呈强阳性反应.抗IL-2受体单抗与上述组织基本上呈阴性反应。     

慢性乙型肝炎患者T细胞功能的研究

本文以31例慢性乙型肝炎患者为研究对象,用CD系列单克隆抗体检测了患者外周T细胞亚群分型,观察ConA诱导的白细胞介素-2分泌功能,以及非特异性T细胞抑制功能(Ts)对B细胞抗体分泌的影响。结果表明,慢性乙肝患者体内存在T细胞免疫功能的异常,其外周血CD_4~+细胞比例低下,CD~+细胞比例增高,导致CD_4/CD_3比值下降,这种变化与HBV复制活跃的指标HBsAg~+密切相关。因此血清HBeAg~+是反映患者外周血T细胞亚群变化较敏感的指标。此外慢性乙肝患者T细胞产生IL-2的功能明显障碍,同时伴有ConA诱导的Ts功能低下,这种功能的异常与外周血CD_4~+与CD_8~+细胞亚群的变化无明显的统计相关性。     

类风温性关节炎患者T抑制诱导细胞亚群缺陷

类风湿性关节炎(RA)存在的T细胞调节功能障碍已得到公认,但对T辅助细胞(CD_4)/T抑制细胞(CD_8)比值的研究尚无一致的结论。晚近,单克隆抗体的研究已将CD_4淋巴细胞分为CD_4~+ 4B4~+和CD4~+2H4~+两种亚群,前者为辅助诱导细胞(HI),后者为抑制诱导细胞(SI)。本文作者采用双色免疫荧光及流式细胞测定技术,以抗4B4、2H4、CD4和CD8抗体对RA及其它关节病(OAD)进行了T细胞亚群测定。结果表明,RA患     

抗人淋巴细胞T8抗原样McAb的研制和初步鉴定

用杂交瘤技术,将经人外周血E花环阳性细胞免疫小鼠脾细胞与NS-1骨髓瘤细胞融合后,产生一分泌IgG_1亚型McAb杂交瘤株。其所分泌抗体经微量放射免疫测定及间接免疫荧光法分析,表明它只能与T细胞系、76％的胸腺细胞及22％的外周血T淋巴细胞反应,不与其它各种不同细胞反应。将此抗体所识别入外周血T淋巴细胞亚群与抗Leu-2a识别T8~+细胞、抗Leu-3a识别T4~+细胞比较,发现此抗体与抗Leu-2a识别同一群细胞。此抗体能从T细胞表面沉淀出30KD(还原条件)或78KD(非还原条件)分子,并完全阻断FITC标记抗Leu-2a与T细胞的结合,说明此抗体是识别T8抗原样的McAb。     

Epstein-Barr virus-induced transformation of human B lymphocytes: the effect of L-leucyl-L-leucine methyl ester on inhibitory T cell populations.

Epstein-Barr virus-mediated transformation of human B lymphocytes is inhibited by human T lymphocytes as well as by interferon-gamma. Removal of the inhibitory cell populations is essential in order to achieve successful transformation in vitro. Cells with the capacity to inhibit outgrowth of lymphoblastoid cell lines can be removed by pretreatment of peripheral blood mononuclear cells with L-leucyl-L-leucine methyl ester. This treatment eliminates monocytes, NK-cells and a CD8+ T cell subpopulation. We now show that such treatment also has toxic effects on other human T cell populations. In addition, CD4+ and/or CD8+ lymphocytes are demonstrated to contain effector cell activities which inhibit outgrowth of EBV-transformed B cells. This inhibitory activity is abolished after treatment of peripheral blood mononuclear cells or purified CD4+ T cells with L-leucyl-L-leucine methyl ester. No evidence was found for a selective toxicity against any subset within the CD4+ or CD8+ T cell populations. However, the capacity of the treated cells, both peripheral blood mononuclear cells and purified CD4+ T lymphocytes, to produce mRNA encoding IFN-gamma, a protein previously shown to downregulate outgrowth of EBV-transformed B cells, was selectively impaired. The results obtained suggest a role for CD4+ T cells to inhibit EBV-induced transformation of B cells.     

Five novel antigens illustrate shared phenotype between mouse thymic stromal cells, thymocytes, and peripheral lymphocytes.

Previously we characterized by immunohistology a group of rat anti-mouse thymic stromal mAbs (MTS 12, 32, 33, 35, and 37), which recognized novel plasma membrane determinants on both thymic stromal cells (TSCs) and thymocytes. The present study investigates in more detail this incidence of shared phenotype by an extensive flow cytometric analysis of MTS mAb reactivity on TSCs, thymocyte subsets, peripheral lymphocytes, and bone marrow cells. Examination of freshly isolated or cultured heterogeneous TSCs and TSC clones confirmed that the mAb identified plasma membrane molecules on distinct subsets of these cells. All but MTS 12 reacted with epithelial cells. Triple-labelling illustrated that MTS 32, 33, and 37 were also reactive with more than 90% of total thymocytes, but varied in their distribution on the four major CD4 and CD8 defined subsets. MTS 12, staining with thymic vascular endothelium by immunohistology, labelled more than 95% of each subset. MTS 35 reactivity in each subset correlated strongly with only the immature populations. Examination of peripheral lymphocytes by triple- and double-labelling unexpectedly showed that MTS 33, 35, and 37 did not recognize peripheral T cells but labelled all B cells. MTS 32 was negative for B cells, but positive for all CD8+ T cells, yet only a subset of CD4+ T cells. Further, MTS 33, 35, and 37 were present on a significant percentage of bone marrow cells. MTS 12 reacted with virtually all peripheral T and B cells, and about 50% bone marrow leukocytes. Collectively these results reveal the same novel epitopes on different thymic cell types and subsets thereof, highlighting specific similarities between cells of apparently diverse lineages. These findings may be of importance in the delineation of intercellular communications within the thymus and emphasize the integrated nature of the microenvironment in this organ.     

Characterization of Herpesvirus saimiri-transformed T lymphocytes from common variable immunodeficiency patients

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a very frequent but heterogeneous syndrome of antibody formation. The primary defect remains unknown, but many reports describe peripheral blood T lymphocyte dysfunctions in a substantial proportion of CVID patients, which may impair T--B cell collaboration. In order to investigate whether such putative defects were intrinsic to T cells or, rather, secondary to quantitative differences in T cell subset distribution, or to other described disorders, we have used Herpesvirus saimiri (HVS) for the targeted transformation of CVID CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and subsequent functional evaluation by flow cytometry of their capacity to generate cell surface (CD154, CD69) or soluble (IL-2, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma) help after CD3 engagement. Unexpectedly, the results showed that 40 different CVID blood samples exposed to HVS gave rise with a significantly increased frequency to transformed CD4+ T cell lines, compared to 40 age-matched controls (27% versus 3%, P < or = 0.00002) suggesting the existence of a CVID-specific signalling difference which affects CD4+ cell transformation efficiency. The functional analysis of 10 CD4+ and 15 CD8+ pure transformed T cell lines from CVID patients did not reveal any statistically significant difference as compared to controls. However, half of the CD4+ transformed cell lines showed CD154 (but not CD69) induction (mean value of 46.8%) under the lower limit of the normal controls (mean value of 82.4%, P < or = 0.0001). Exactly the same five cell lines showed, in addition, a significantly low induction of IL-2 (P < or = 0.04), but not of TNF-alpha or IFN-gamma. None of these differences were observed in the remaining CD4+ cell lines or in any of the transformed CD8+ cell lines. We conclude that certain CVID patients show selective and intrinsic impairments for the generation of cell surface and soluble help by CD4+ T cells, which may be relevant for B lymphocyte function. The transformed T cell lines will be useful to establish the biochemical mechanisms responsible for the described impairments.     

Cellular distribution of a human I-A-like (DS/DC) antigen on normal and neoplastic lymphoid cells

Previous biochemical studies have shown that B cell specific, monoclonal antibody, McAb 33.1, reacts with a class II antigen that represents a human analogue of murine I-A (DS/DC) antigens (J. Exp. Med. 158:1924, 1983). McAb 33.1 recognizes a polymorphic human B lymphocyte specific antigen present on mu+, B1+ peripheral B cells, B lymphoid cell lines, activated B cells, and neoplastic B lymphoid cells. Of 100 HLA-D/DR typed EBV-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines tested, only those from DR3,3 and DR7,7 individuals failed to react with McAb 33.1. The 33.1 antigen is present at lower concentrations on B cells from blood, tonsil, spleen, and lymph node when compared to B cell lines. By contrast, the antigen is not detectable on blood T lymphocytes, T cell lines, or mitogen activated T cells and it is absent on monocytes of some individuals or is present only on a minor subpopulation (approximately 20%). McAb 33.1 should facilitate the functional, structure, and molecular dissection of the human Ia system.     

WUT6-抗人胸腺细胞共同性分化抗原来交瘤细胞系的建立

本文报导了用人胎儿胸腺细胞免疫BALB/c小鼠,取其脾细胞与小鼠骨髓瘤细胞系NS-1融合,获得一株能稳定分泌抗人共同性胸腺细胞单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株,W_(?)T_(?)。它与72％胸腺细胞、皮肤Langerhan's细胞及部分T细胞系呈阳性反应;外周血T、D细胞、粒细胞、红细胞、血小板及B细胞系、Null细胞系均阴性。FACS检测结果及W_(?)T_(?)阳性细胞的组织分布特点均同HIT_6相似。在胸腺、皮质细胞及髓质中少数胞体较大呈树突状的细胞呈阳性反应。在扁桃体实质中少数散在细胞阳性。上皮基底层中的Langerhan's细胞则呈强阳性反应。用W_(?)T_(?)亲和层析柱提取胸腺细胞膜上相应的靶抗原分子,证明W_(?)T_(?)识别分子量为51KDa的抗原。免疫竞争抑制试验表明,W_(?)T_(?)同抗原的结合可被HIT_6完全阻断。说明W_(?)T_(?)与HIT_6识别相同的抗原决定簇。     

Identification and characterization of a novel membrane activation antigen with wide cellular distribution

A monoclonal antibody, 7F7, raised against the Raji B lymphoblastoid cell line reacted with about 35% of peripheral blood B cells, germinal center B cells, follicular dendritic cells and some vascular endothelial cells. Although not found on resting T cells this antigen was strongly expressed on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells activated with phytohemagglutinin, pokeweed mitogen and anti-T3, and its expression on B cells was enhanced after stimulation with pokeweed mitogen. It is strongly expressed 24 h after stimulation with phytohemagglutinin and its expression is reduced but not eliminated by cyclosporin A treatment. The molecule defined by antibody 7F7 is found on some, but not all, B cell lines, on an HTLV-I-transformed T cell line and on the promyelocytic cell line U937. Immunoprecipitation from externally and metabolically labeled Raji cells revealed a single-chain molecule of 85 kDa.     

一株特殊功能的抗人CD40单克隆抗体的获得及其生物学特性分析

目的：研制功能性抗人ＣＤ４０单克隆抗体,从而探讨其对Ｂ细胞、ＤＣｓ表达的ＣＤ４０分子激发所产生的生物学效应。方法：采用细胞融合、单克隆抗体筛选、荧光标记、免疫印迹和竞争抑制等方法获得鼠抗人ＣＤ４０ｍＡｂ,以细胞增殖、分化抗原表达观察ＣＤ４０ｍＡｂ对Ｂ细胞和ＤＣｓ的作用诳应。结果：经表型分析、Ｗｅｓｔｅｍ ｂｌｏｔｔｉｎｇ鉴定和竞争抑制试验,证实５Ｃ１１是识别人ＣＤ４０分子的特异性单抗;５Ｃ１１与转     

Induction of proliferative responses of T cells from Babesia bovis-immune cattle with a recombinant 77-kilodalton merozoite protein (Bb-1).

A major portion of a Babesia bovis-specific gene encoding a 77-kDa merozoite protein (Bb-1) produced during natural infection in cattle and in microaerophilous culture was subcloned into the pGEX1N expression vector. Recombinant Bb-1 protein fused to glutathione S-transferase (Bb-1-GST) was used to examine cellular immune responses in B. bovis-immune cattle. Sera from rabbits immunized with Bb-1-GST reacted with fusion protein and with the native antigen present in crude B. bovis but not with B. bigemina merozoites. Bb-1-GST but not GST induced strong proliferation of T lymphocytes from these immune cattle, and Bb-1-reactive T-cell lines which consisted of a mixed population of either CD4+ and CD8+ cells or CD4+, CD8+, and "null" (gamma delta T) cells were established by in vitro stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells with the recombinant fusion protein. Three CD4+ CD8- and three CD4- CD8+ Bb-1-specific T-cell clones were identified after limiting-dilution cloning of the cell lines. The studies described here demonstrate that the 77-kDa protein of B. bovis contains T-cell epitopes capable of eliciting proliferation of two types of T cells in immune cattle, an important consideration for the design of a recombinant subunit vaccine.