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1.
用增加膳食维生素E(VE)观察对冷应激大鼠红细胞(RBC)膜丙二醛(MDA)含量和钠,钾-ATP酶[(Na,K)-ATPase]活性的影响,结果表明:增加膳食VE摄入可以降低大鼠RBC膜MDA含量;冷暴露24h后,高膳食VE摄入组RBC膜MDA含量明显低于室温高膳食VE组;冷应激可使大鼠RBC膜(Na,K)-ATPase活性明显升高;冷应激时高膳食VE摄入,大鼠RBC膜(Na,K)-ATPase活  相似文献   

2.
用增加膳食维生素E(VE)观察对冷应激大鼠红细胞(RBC)膜丙二醛(MDA)含量和钠,钾-ATP酶[(Na,K)-ATPase]活性的影响。结果表明:增加膳食VE摄入可以降低大鼠RBC膜MDA含量;冷暴露24h后,高膳食VE摄入组RBC膜MDA含量明显低于室温高膳食VE组;冷应激可使大鼠RBC膜(Na,K)-ATPase活性明显升高;冷应激时高膳食VE摄入,大鼠RBC膜(Na,K)-ATPase活性较低膳食VE大鼠升高更显著。相关分析显示,大鼠RBC膜MDA含量与(Na,K)-ATPase活性间呈负相关。由此可见,增加VE摄入可以降低冷应激大鼠RBC膜MDA含量,增加膜(Na,K)-ATPase活性,MDA含量和(Na,K)-ATPase活性间呈负相关,推测膳食VE可能通过抗体内脂质过氧化,清除自由基,保护细胞膜引起了细胞膜(Na,K)-ATPase活性升高。  相似文献   

3.
刘为民  刘忠英 《营养学报》1995,17(3):269-273
以不同硒和VE含量的饲料饲养大鼠10周,手术结扎其心脏左冠状动脉前降支48小时,用HPLC法测定血浆和心肌FFA含量和组成。结果:-Se-VEG组血浆FFA、C18:3、C20:4增高,而C16:0、C16:0/FFA下降;心肌C18:3、PUFA/FFA增高,C20:4有上升趋势,C16:0下降;血浆和心肌C18:1均有增高趋势,C18:2改变不明显;心肌GSH-px、Cu,Zn-SOD活力降低,LPO含量升高;血清CK、LDH增高。+SeG、+VEG或+Se+VEG对纠正上述变化有相似而又不尽相同的效果。结果提示,膳食摄入适量的Se和VE可能影响FFA组成,降低FFA含量,改善急性缺血应激条件下心肌的功能和代谢状态,是Se和VE减轻心肌缺血性损伤,防治缺血性心脏病发生发展的一个重要作用环节。  相似文献   

4.
国外求购信息1.法国求购消毒剂DISINFECI-ANI-SFORMEDICAL&COSMEI-IECSFIELD,DISINFECI’ANTSFORFOODINDUSTRYMR.GAUTHIER PLOUVIER COMEFI40RUEEUGENE...  相似文献   

5.
对97名胎儿宫内生长迟缓(IUGR)孕妇和133名对照进行了孕晚期膳食摄入量及血液维生素水平的对比研究,结果发现:IUGR孕妇热能、蛋白质摄入不足,Ca、VB_2缺乏,VA、VB_1摄入低下,血清维生素E含量只有对照组一半(P<0.01);多元逐步回归分析表明孕母血清维生素E与婴儿多个出生时生长指标其回归系数为正。红细胞转酮酶活力(TPP%)和谷胱甘肽还原酶活性系数(AC)值两组比较差别无显著性,但均提示两组孕妇有硫胺素及核黄素缺乏(TPP%>16%,AC值>1.2)。  相似文献   

6.
多种肿瘤标记物用甲状腺癌测定的资料尚不多见,我们选择三种分布较广的肿瘤标记物CEA、Fe-P、LDH.R对110甲状腺癌患者进行联合连续测定,测定CEA、Fe-P用ELISA法,LDH.R用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法,结果其阳性率CEA55.4%,Fe-P509%,LDH.R46.3%,综合阳性率8089%,LDH中34%患者血清电泳图谱中出现一条异常区带(LDH-X),经有效治疗,CEA、Fe-P下降,LDH.R回升。本实验经CEA、Fe-P、LDH.R联合测定,提高其检测率,能提示预后,可作为β2微球蛋白甲状腺癌血清学协同的诊断,提高其诊断率  相似文献   

7.
通过对膳食中微量元素摄入状况的调查分析,结果显示:农村居民微量元素Fe、Zn、Se的摄入主要来源于植物性食物。与中国RDA推荐每日最佳膳食定额量相比,Fe达到标准,而Zn、Se摄入不足。特建议增加动物性食物的摄入量,以预防因Fe(植物性Fe消化吸收差)、Zn、Se摄入,吸收不足而引起的疾病发生。  相似文献   

8.
1软件库尔特MD10(E版本)在一张高密小盘上载有:(1)DOS5.0系统文件5个:IO.SYS、MS-DOS.SYS、COMMAND.COM、HIMEM.SYS、RAM-DRIVER·SYS。其中前三个文件是DOS的核心,完成操作系统的基本功能;HIMEM.SYS可以提供上位内存,RAMDRIVER.SYS可用建立一个虚拟盘。(2)系统配置、自动批处理文件各1个:CON-FIG.SYS、AUTOEXEC.BAT。前者为程序的运行提供运行环境,包括用HIMEM.SYS开辟上位内存和用RAMDRI…  相似文献   

9.
1992年中国总膳食研究—化学污染物(二)不同年龄组的比较   总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0  
陈君石  高俊全 《卫生研究》1997,26(4):255-261
于1992~1993年进行的第二次中国总膳食研究中增加了不同年龄组和成年男子春秋两季的总膳食研究。报道了四大区的代表省份河北省、陕西省、湖北省和上海市不同年龄组的膳食组成、重金属和其他有害元素以及放射性核素的膳食摄入量。膳食中铅的污染比较严重,2~7岁的膳食摄入量已超过ADI值的18.9%,其他年龄组稍低,但也接近ADI值。春秋两季比较,秋季铅的膳食摄入量明显高于春季;陕西省铅的膳食摄入量低于河北省,但秋季也已超过ADI值11.6%。河北省春秋两季均超过ADI值,分别为29.9%和49.2%;镉和汞的污染较低,分别占ADI值的24%和35%以下;铝的膳食摄入量也存在一定的问题,低年龄组已超过ADI值8%左右,两个成人年龄组也已接近ADI值,河北省秋季超过ADI值的25.9%;氟的膳食摄入量儿童和青少年似摄入偏低,成人则是适宜的。四个年龄组六种放射性核素的膳食摄入量均未超过年允许摄入量(ALI)的36%。人工污染的放射性元素90锶、137铯均在ALI值的1%以下。春秋两季比较,秋季放射性核素摄入量普遍高于春季。210铅较为明显,秋季摄入量高于春季3~4倍。  相似文献   

10.
对SD大鼠饲以含不同水平维生素E(VE)的饲料,并对大鼠进行冷暴露刺激,检测大鼠红细胞膜SA和丙二醛(MDA)含量。实验结果表明:低膳食VE(30mg/kg饲料)摄入组大鼠在冷暴露时死亡率明显高于高膳食VE(200mg/kg饲料)组大鼠;冷暴露10天后,大鼠红细胞膜SA含量降低;高膳食VE组大鼠SA含量明显高于低VE组大鼠;冷暴露对红细胞内MDA含量有明显影响,低VE组膜MDA含量和SA含量间无明显相关关系,说明高膳食VE膳食可以提高大鼠红细胞膜SA含量,但此结果尚不能用降低LPO作用来解释。  相似文献   

11.
Adequacy of nutrient intakes of adolescents with and without phenylketonuria (PKU) and infants and children with and without maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) were assessed using 3-day diet records sorted by disease and by age of the subject. Mean intakes of all nutrients were greater than two-thirds of the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) or Estimated Safe and Adequate Daily Dietary Intakes (ESADDI) for all adolescents studied, with the exception of selenium (Se) in PKU adolescents, which averaged 27.8 micrograms. For adolescents with PKU, > 50% of the RDA or ESADDI for all nutrients was provided by elemental or modified protein hydrolysate medical foods, except for vitamin A in children aged 11-15 years and Se in children 11-18 years. Mean nutrient intakes of all infants and children were greater than two-thirds of the RDA or ESADDI for all nutrients except Se in MSUD children aged 1-11 years, where intakes ranged from 6.4 to 13.2 micrograms (21-66% of the RDA). The medical foods provided for most of the RDA and ESADDI recommendations, with the exception of Se in MSUD children.  相似文献   

12.
The objective of this study was to assess daily self-selected mineral intake of free-living African-American adults using the duplicate portion collection technique coupled with direct chemical analysis. A duplicate sample of every food and beverage consumed was collected by each subject. The collection period was for 3 days (Sunday, Tuesday, and Thursday) of 1 week in 1986. The chemical analysis included calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, potassium, manganese, iron, copper, zinc, and phytate. Forty adult African-Americans (20 females and 20 males) living in the Washington, DC area volunteered to participate. They were apparently healthy, ranging in age from 21 to 65 years, with a median age of 38.5 years. The analytical data from the daily food and beverage intake were compared with the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA)/ Estimated Safe and Adequate Daily Dietary Intakes (ESADDI). The results were also compared with data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III and USDA's Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals(USDA-CSFII 1989–91). Compared with the RDA/ESADDI, for women, the median intakes of less than two-thirds the recommendations were : calcium (54%), magnesium (65%), iron (61%), copper(60%), zinc (61%), and potassium (50%) as determined by chemical analysis. For the men, applying the same criteria, the minerals and percentages are: calcium (64%), magnesium (56%), copper (60%), zinc (61%), and potassium (58%). The phytate:zinc and phytate × Ca:Zn molar ratios suggested no general inhibition of zinc bioavailability despite some higher than suggested limiting molar ratios found in a few individual daily diets. Although limited in scope, these results suggest that African-American adults are selecting diets that are frequently low in specific minerals. Some of these essential nutrients have been implicated in chronic health problems prevalent in this ethnic group; e.g., hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, nutritionists and other health professionals should emphasize the need for a wider selection of foods to prevent specific mineral deficits. These foods might include acceptable dairy products, meats/seafood, and mineral-fortified cereals/breads and juices.  相似文献   

13.
The selenium (Se) content in human hair is useful as an indicator of human Se intake and status. In this regard, when measuring the hair Se concentrations in Chinese inhabitants across northeast to southeast China, the results indicated that generally 84% of all residents have normal hair Se content. Between the sexes, the average hair Se content of males was higher than that of females, irrespective of districts. When comparing geographical regions, the average hair Se content of southern residents was greater than that of northern residents, regardless of gender. Historically, the overall hair Se content of today’s inhabitants decreased between 24% and 46% when compared with the inhabitants living in the same geographic region 20 years ago. The decrease of hair Se content may be related to the overall decrease of grain consumption and the lower Se content in the staple food rice.  相似文献   

14.
Purpose was to determine whether the food served and consumed over a seven day period by 21 elderly women residents of a local nursing home met the 1980 Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA). Comparison was also made of the nutritive values of the food served and consumed by 11 subjects on regular and 10 subjects on low salt diets. Subjects ranged in age from 74-97 years (mean age of 90). Nutrients calculated included calories, protein, fat, carbohydrate, fiber, calcium, phosphorus, iron, sodium, potassium, vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and ascorbic acid. Results showed that the mean nutritive values of food served to and consumed by the 21 residents as a group exceeded the RDA, except calcium which for consumed food was 90 and 79 percent of the RDA on the regular and low salt diets, respectively. Individually, based on the weekly means of the nutritive values, all subjects consumed 70 percent or more of the RDA for calories, protein, phosphorus, iron, vitamin A, riboflavin, and ascorbic acid; and 60 percent or more of the RDA for thiamin and niacin, except one subject who consumed only 52% of the RDA for niacin. Only one-third of the subjects consumed more calcium than the RDA. No statistically significant differences were found between the means of the nutritive values of the regular diet as compared with the low salt diet as the P < 0.05 level. Daily mood ratings of the subjects indicated a direct effect on appetite and caloric intake in the majority of subjects.  相似文献   

15.
Selenium intake and urinary and fecal Se excretion of 10 healthy men from a low Se area in China were determined for three consecutive days, in summer, fall, and winter of 1983, and the spring of 1984 while self-selected diets were being consumed. Mean daily Se intake was 8.8 micrograms/day with a range of 2.3-35.5 micrograms/day, and was far below the recommended range of safe and adequate Se intake of 50-200 micrograms Se/day (National Academy of Sciences/National Research Council). Mean urinary and fecal Se outputs were 3.7 and 3.4 micrograms Se/day, respectively. Mean Se balance during this time was +1.8 micrograms Se/day. Apparent absorption of Se approximated 57%. The low Se intake in this area is a cause for concern since the residents of Molimo may be at risk for Se deficiency diseases.  相似文献   

16.
1959—1985年丹东市城镇居民膳食构成和营养状况分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
王军  王晶 《营养学报》1989,11(4):386-392
本文搜集整理了丹东市1959~1985年有关资料,对城镇居民的膳食构成和营养水平进行了宏观分析,结果表明:(1)居民的营养和膳食水平逐年提高并趋于合理;六五期间热量和蛋白质人均摄入量分别为供给量标准的110%和97.1%,蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化物的热量构成比分别为10.5%、30%和58%;动物脂肪提供的热量比为13.2%。(2)新生儿低出生体重和5岁儿童体重低于年龄的百分比,分别为2.9%和0.56%(1985年),均低于发达国家水平(5%)。(3)8岁、14岁儿童21年间体重平均午增长值分别为0.11(男)、0.06(女)和0.33(男)、0.21(女)kg,身高分别为0.37(男)、0.28(女)和0.51(男)、0.30(女)cm,增长速度较快。(4)学龄前儿童的营养不良发病率逐年下降、而佝偻病的发病率则下降不明显,这可能与儿童户外接受阳光照射及膳食中VD摄入量较少有关。  相似文献   

17.
Calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, and zinc balances of 20 men, 19 premenopausal women, and 12 postmenopausal women were determined while they consumed self-selected diets or high fiber diets with either complex or simple carbohydrate. Self-selected intakes of calcium, magnesium, copper and zinc were generally below RDA levels. Iron intakes of premenopausal women were less than two-thirds RDA. Balances during the self-selected intake period of calcium in men and women and of magnesium and zinc in women were negative, but lower-than-usual intakes could have contributed to this. High fiber diets did not adversely affect zinc, copper, manganese or iron balances. Calcium and magnesium balances were generally negative, especially in women, even though intakes were adequate. Excretion of copper was increased in premenopausal women consuming the simple carbohydrate diet. The levels of magnesium and especially calcium needed to maintain balance when consuming a high fiber diet may be above present RDA levels.  相似文献   

18.
体检349名成年居民结果,发现血硒水平在1.02μg/ml以下者无硒中毒病人,又5名指甲变形长期不能恢复正常者,他们中间最低血浓度为1.054μg/ml(硒日摄入量910μg)。生化检查结果发现当血硒浓度上升到1μg/ml(硒日摄入量850μg)时,凝血酶原时间延长的病例显著上升;此外,在血硒浓度接近0.9μg/ml(硒日摄入量743μg)时,血浆硒/红血球硒的比值下降至低血硒状态时的1/3至1/4。据上述结果,界限日硒摄入量应在750~850μg范围内。考虑到个体差异,建议用2.0作为安全因子,即最高安全摄入量为400μg。又考虑我国高硒区的某些具体情况如居民适应性及环境中某些拮抗元素的存在等,建议在高硒区用1.3作为安全因子,即最高安全摄入量约为每日550μg。  相似文献   

19.
河南省居民10年间(1982~1992)膳食结构研究   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
为了了解我省城乡居民10年来膳食结构的变化,指导人民合理膳食,我们于1982、1992年开展了两次居民膳食营养调查。调查方法为称重记帐法,调查员集中培训,并经预调查合格后上岗工作。结果显示全省居民膳食结构与1982年相比发生了较大变化:(1)谷类、豆类摄入量有所减少,薯类明显减少,其余均有大幅度提高。乳类增加800%,水产256%、蛋类220%、植物油118%、水果108%、肉类97%;与我国提出的2000年食物消费目标比较,薯类达目标127%、谷类115%、植物油11.2%、蔬菜81%、乳类59%、肉类53%、水果36%、水产23%、豆类21%;(2)城乡居民膳食仍存在较大差异;(3)1992年全省居民营养素摄入达中国营养学会提出的推荐供给量(RDA)的百分比为:热能93%,硫胺素、尼克酸、抗坏血酸、铁、硒大于85%,锌75%,核黄素57%,钙49%,视黄醇当量48%。从热能食物来源、热能营养素来源、蛋白质食物来源三方面分析:市民的膳食较合理,应注意摄入更多豆类、薯类及水产;少摄入油类,尤其动物油。农民的膳食质和量较差,特别是蛋白质。根据上述结果和河南省实际情况,应鼓励大豆种植和家禽畜养殖;进行大众教育,?  相似文献   

20.
This study describes the nutrient intake and food sources of select vitamins and minerals for children on Guam. Food records (n = 954) from public school students aged nine to twelve of all regions on Guam were analyzed for nutrient content and compared to Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA). Individual foods were condensed into 194 food aggregates and food lists representing 84% to 91% of the major vitamins and minerals in the diet of the children were developed by frequency analysis. Median intake of calcium, vitamin E, folate were less than 50% of the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) and mean intake of these nutrients was 60% RDA or less. Mean and median vitamin A intake was 107% and 76% RDA, respectively. Both mean and median intake of Vitamin C, iron and zinc were present at levels above 100% RDA. Rice, meat, fruit drink from powder, milk, and fortified cereals are foods that provide substantial contributions to the vitamin and mineral content of the diets. Traditional, nutrient dense foods, such as fish, yams, papaya, and mango had minor contributions because of low frequently of consumption. Information from this study can be used to develop specific diet assessment instruments and culturally appropriate nutrition education.  相似文献   

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