静脉化疗联合腹腔灌注化疗治疗晚期胃癌29例

 【摘要】　目的　观察多西紫杉醇联合5-氟尿嘧啶（5-Fu）静脉化疗及顺铂（DDP）腹腔灌注化疗配合射频热疗治疗晚期胃癌的疗效及患者不良反应。方法　多西紫杉醇75 mg／m2,第1天;亚叶酸钙200 mg／m2,第1天至第5天;5-Fu 500 mg／m2,持续静脉滴注,第1天至第5天;DDP 75 mg／m2腹腔灌注化疗,第2天;21 d为1个周期,化疗期间所有患者均用射频肿瘤热疗机行腹部热疗,每周2次,每次1 h,腹腔灌注化疗后1 h开始热疗。所有患者均完成2～6个周期治疗,化疗2个周期后评价疗效。结果　29例患者中部分缓解17例,稳定9例,进展3例,总有效率为58.6 %（17／29）。剂量限制性毒性主要表现为骨髓抑制。结论　多西紫杉醇联合5-Fu静脉化疗及DDP腹腔灌注化疗配合射频热疗组成的双途径化疗方案治疗晚期胃癌近期疗效较好,不良反应可耐受。     

腹腔并全身化疗治疗晚期胃癌32例

 目的 观察全身化疗联合腹腔化疗治疗术后晚期无腹腔积液胃癌的近期疗效和毒副反应。方法 腹腔转移的晚期胃癌32例。全身化疗：TF方案，紫杉醇（TAX）175 mg／m2，静脉滴注，第1天；亚叶酸钙（CF）200 mg／m2，第1，2天；5-氟尿嘧啶（5-Fu）400 mg／m2，静脉推注，第1，2天，600 mg／m2，化疗泵持续静脉滴注48 h。腹腔化疗：腹腔穿刺留置导管，将温热生理盐水1 000 ~ 1 500 ml灌入腹腔，最后将溶解的顺铂（DDP）60 ~ 80 mg加地塞米松10 mg注入腹腔。连用2个周期后评价疗效。结果 32例均可评价疗效，总有效率为50.01 %，其中CR 4例，占12.5 %。毒副反应主要为骨髓抑制和消化道反应。结论 腹腔灌注DDP，同时TAX联合5-Fu全身化疗治疗术后晚期无腹腔积液胃癌患者，疗效可靠，耐受性好。     

紫杉醇联合顺铂治疗晚期胃癌的临床观察

目的探讨紫杉醇（TAX）联合顺铂（DDP）治疗晚期胃癌的临床疗效。方法采用国产TAX 135mg／m^2,第1天,静脉注射3～4h。DDP 75mg／m^2,加生理盐水1000mL分2次于第2天、第3天,静脉注射,每21d为1周期,3个周期后评价疗效及毒副反应。结果20例中CR1例（5％）,PR9例（45％）,SD8例（40％）,PD2例（10％）,总有效率50％（10／20）,中位缓解期6．1个月,中位生存期10．2个月。结论TAX＋DDP方案是治疗晚期胃癌一个有效的、毒副反应较轻的理想化疗方案。     

紫杉醇联合顺铂治疗晚期乳腺癌30例临床观察

目的评价紫杉醇联合顺铂治疗晚期乳腺癌的疗效和毒副作用。方法符合人组条件的晚期乳腺癌31例,化疗前常规抗过敏治疗,化疗方案紫杉醇（TAX）175mg／m^2静脉滴注d1,顺铂（DDP）30mg／m^2静脉滴注d1-3,21d为1周期,化疗3周期。结果30例完成疗效观察,RR56．7％（17例）,CR2例（6．7％）,PR15例（50．0％）。主要毒副作用为骨髓抑制,胃肠道反应,肌肉关节痛和周围神经痛。白细胞减少的发生率96．7％,其中Ⅲ度10．0％,无Ⅳ度发生。恶心、呕吐的发生率90．0％,无Ⅲ-Ⅳ度发生。结论紫杉醇联合顺铂是一个疗效肯定、毒副作用可耐受的方案。     

紫杉醇、5-Fu联合DDP腹腔灌注配合热疗治疗中晚期胃癌疗效观察

目的探讨紫杉醇、5-Fu联合DDP腹腔灌注配合热疗治疗中晚期胃癌的疗效和毒副反应。方法34例Ⅲ～Ⅳ期胃癌患者,给予紫杉醇135～175mg／m^2,d1,静脉滴注;5-Fu500mg／m^2,d1-5,静脉滴注;DDP40～50mg／m^2,d1,8,腹腔灌注后行微波热疗,28天为一个周期,2～3个周期后进行评价。结果全组34例共化疗153周期,总有效率（CR＋PR）47．1％,其中CR14．7％（5／34）,PR 32．4％（11／34）,毒副反应主要为骨髓抑制。结论紫杉醇、5-Fu联合DDP腹腔灌注配合热疗治疗中晚期胃癌有效率高,毒副反应轻,可明显减轻患者痛苦,提高生存质量。     

顺铂联合腹腔持续热灌注治疗胃癌腹腔转移癌性腹水的临床研究

[目的]观察顺铂(DDP)联合持续热灌注治疗胃癌腹腔转移腹水的疗效及不良反应.[方法]60例胃癌腹水患者分为顺铂联合腹腔持续热灌注组(治疗组)和单纯顺铂腹腔灌注化疗组(对照组),每组各30例.对两组生存期、控制腹水的近期疗效、不良反应进行观察.[结果]治疗组和对照组的中位生存期分别为10.2个月和5.9个月,有效率分别为76.7％和53.3％(P＜0.05),治疗组不良反应无加重.[结论] DDP联合腹腔持续热灌注治疗胃癌腹水,能够提高疗效,延长生存期而不增加不良反应,值得进一步推广.     

顺铂腹腔内滴灌联合全身化疗治疗晚期胃癌临床观察

为了研究顺铂（DDP）腹腔内滴灌配合草酸铂（L-OHP）联合亚叶酸钙（CF）及5-氟尿嘧啶（5-FU）全身化疗治疗晚期胃癌的疗效,对入选的65例晚期胃癌患者以L-OHP联合CF及5-FU双周方案给予全身化疗,并配合每周1次DDP单药腹腔灌注化疗。完成治疗的60例患者中,CR4例,PR34例,总有效率CR＋PR为63%;各种病理分型均有较好疗效;从转移的情况来看,伴有腹水者疗效较好。初步研究结果提示,DDP腹腔内滴灌配合L-OHP联合CF及5-FU全身化疗治疗晚期胃癌,疗效可靠,毒副反应可以耐受,值得临床推广应用。     

紫杉醇联合顺铂腹腔内热灌注化疗加热疗在晚期卵巢癌中应用及疗效评价

目的观察紫杉醇联合腹腔内顺铂热灌注化疗加热疗在卵巢癌中的疗效。方法75例卵巢癌晚期无法手术及复发患者分成两组,全组患者均行紫杉醇针静脉滴注加顺铂腹腔内热灌注联合化疗。热疗组37例紫杉醇静脉化疗后即刻行腹腔内顺铂热灌注化疗,并加腹部局部射频热疗;未热疗组38例紫杉醇静脉化疗加腹腔内顺铂热灌注化疗,但不加热疗。结果热疗组和未热疗组的腹水控制率为81.3%和73.3%,肿瘤反应率为65.4%和56.0%,CA125的变化率为88.2%和74.3%,总有效率分别是86.5%和60.5%,其中总有效率提高显著（P〈0.05）。结论腹腔内灌注加热疗明显提高晚期卵巢癌的疗效,值得进一步推广。     

奥沙利铂加5-FU/CF联合顺铂腹腔温热灌注治疗晚期大肠癌的临床观察

目的 观察奥沙利铂(L—OHP) 氟尿嘧啶 亚叶酸钙(甲酰四氢叶酸)联合顺铂腹腔温热灌注治疗晚期大肠癌的近期疗效及毒副反应。方法 28例晚期大肠癌采用腹腔DDP灌注，全身予奥沙利铂 5-FU／CF化疗。结果 28例中CR1例，PR14例，CR PR为53．5％，腹水有效率为44．4％。毒副反应主要为周围神经毒性，但为可逆性。结论 L—OHP 5-FU／CF联合DDP腹腔温热灌注治疗晚期大肠癌疗效确切，值得进一步研究。     

多西紫杉醇联合顺铂与足叶乙甙联合顺铂治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌对比分析

[目的]探讨多西紫杉醇联合顺铂治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的近期疗效及毒副作用。[方法]68例晚期非小细胞肺癌患者完全随机分为治疗组（34例）和对照组（34例）。治疗组：多西紫杉醇60mg／m^2，静脉滴注，常规地塞米松预处理；顺铂（DDP）30mg／m^2，静滴，d1-3；对照组：Vp-1675mg／m^2，d1-3 DDP30mg／m^2，d1-3。至少治疗2个周期观察疗效及毒副反应。[结果]68例患者全部完成治疗计划，治疗组有效率为52．9％，明显高于对照组17．6％（χ^2=5．12，P〈0．05）；治疗组中位生存期11．7个月（5～24个月），对照组5．1个月（3～13个月），差异有统计学意义。治疗组毒副反应稍高于对照组，但差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。[结论]多西紫杉醇联合顺铂治疗晚期NSCLC有较好的近期疗效，毒性反应可耐受。     

Compliance with guidelines and correlation with outcome in patients with advanced germ-cell tumours

PurposeTo evaluate prior compliance with guidelines in patients treated with salvage chemotherapy for advanced germ-cell tumours (GCT).Patients and methodsData concerning the initial management of patients requiring salvage chemotherapy for GCT at Institut Gustave Roussy between 2000 and 2010 were obtained and correlated with recommendations for treatment. Criteria of non-compliance were defined based on guidelines. Compliance with guidelines, predictive factors for non-compliance and the impact on outcome were analysed.ResultsAmong 82 patients treated in the salvage setting, guidelines to initial treatment were followed in only 41 cases (50%). The most common non-compliance criteria were non-adherence to the planned dose (16%), an inappropriate interval between first-line chemotherapy cycles (16%), the lack of post-chemotherapy surgery (16%) and a long interval to post-chemotherapy surgery (48%). Compliance with standard care was better in cancer centres than in other hospitals (private or public) (Odd Ratio (OR): 6.9, P = 0.001). A poor-risk status according to the International Germ Cell Cancer Collaborative Group (IGCCCG) was also predictive of compliance in univariate but not in multivariate analysis. No significant difference in outcome after salvage chemotherapy was observed. Patients relapsing after non-compliant first-line therapy tended to be more easily salvaged, which is consistent with the fact that their initial treatment was inadequate. Some of these relapses were therefore probably not due to true biologically refractory disease.ConclusionGuidelines for first-line treatment are adhered to in only half the patients requiring salvage chemotherapy. As the only predictive factor for non-compliance was the treating centre, centralisation of patients with GCT in well-trained hospitals should be recommended.     

Costs associated with complications are lower with capecitabine than with 5‐fluorouracil in patients with colorectal cancer

BACKGROUND:

Capecitabine, an oral alternative to 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), has equal clinical efficacy and a favorable safety profile; however, its use may be limited because of unit cost concerns. In this study, the authors measured the cost of chemotherapy‐related complications during treatment with capecitabine‐ and 5‐FU–based regimens.

METHODS:

Patients with CRC who received at least 1 administration of capecitabine or 5‐FU during 2004 and 2005 were identified from the Thomson MarketScan research databases. Monthly frequency and cost for 23 complications were recorded. Logistic regression was used to predict complication probability. General linear models were used to predict monthly complication cost and total monthly expenditure.

RESULTS:

In total, 4973 patients with CRC met the inclusion criteria for this analysis. Although the most frequently observed complications were the same between capecitabine and 5‐FU (nausea and vomiting, infection, anemia, neutropenia, diarrhea), each was observed with greater frequency in 5‐FU–based regimens. The mean predicted monthly complication cost was significantly higher (by 136%) with 5‐FU monotherapy than with capecitabine monotherapy (difference, $601; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], $469‐$737). In addition, the mean predicted monthly complication cost for 5‐FU+oxaliplatin was higher than the cost with capecitabine plus oxaliplatin (difference, $1165; 95% CI, $892‐$1595). When acquisition, administration, and complication costs were taken into consideration, there were no significant differences in the total cost between capecitabine regimens and 5‐FU regimens.

CONCLUSIONS:

Capecitabine compared well with 5‐FU–based therapy in patients with CRC and was associated with lower complication rates and associated costs. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.     

Living with secondary breast cancer: coping with an uncertain future with unmet needs

JOHNSTON S.R.D. (2010) European Journal of Cancer Care 19 , 561–563 Living with secondary breast cancer: coping with an uncertain future with unmet needs     

Experience with Impedance Phlebography Compared with Venography

Venography is a particularly reliable method for the diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis but is not suitable as a screening test. Impedance phlebography represents another attempt to discover a simple, non-invasive and reliable method of detecting deep venous thrombosis. It does not, however, meet these criteria.     

再放疗并同步使用Docetaxel在鼻咽癌放疗后复发病人中的应用

目的:不能手术切除的鼻咽癌放疗后再复发的病人,其治疗困难,化疗疗效差,而单独再放疗只能挽救一小部分病人,本文探讨再放疗并同步使用多西紫彬醇(Docetaxel)在鼻咽癌首次放疗后复发病人中可行性及毒副反应,并评价其疗效。方法:对11例鼻咽癌足量放疗后经组织病理学证实复发、而无法行手术及腔内放疗的患者进行了同步放化疗。放疗采用三维适形放疗,外照射鼻咽部,分次量为1.8Gy,总剂量为36Gy-39.6Gy。化疗采用Docetaxel,15mg/m2,每周一次,静脉滴注。结果:10%、33%的患者分别出现Ⅲ度、Ⅳ度皮肤反应,18%、10%的病人分别出现Ⅲ度、Ⅳ度黏膜反应,18%患者出现Ⅲ度恶心呕吐,27%的患者出现Ⅲ度-Ⅳ度白细胞下降,10%患者出现Ⅲ度血小板下降。1例患者因严重的黏膜反应致使治疗延迟2周。治疗结束后,9例(82%)患者达到CR,2例(18%)达到PR,反应率为100%。结论:对于放疗后局部复发的鼻咽癌患者,采用同步放化疗,3D-CRT同时每周使用Docetaxel是可行的,其毒性反应在可以接受的范围内,短期疗效显著。     

Protothecosis successfully treated with amikacin combined with tetracyclines

Summary We report a case of protothecosis in an 18-year-old female student caused by Prototheca zopfii successfully treated with amikacin combined with tetracyclines. Zusammenfassung Es wird über eine Protothecose, verursacht durch Prototheca zopfii, bei einer 18-j?hrigen Studentin berichtet, die erfolgreich mit Amikacin in Kombination mit Tetracyclinen behandelt wurde.