逐步回归分析在男性不育症精子动态参数中的应用探讨

目的评价精子动态参数的逐步回归分析法在男性不育症检测中的作用。方法选择60例男性不育症及47例正常生育对照精液标本,用精子检测系统定量测定男性不育症与对照组的精子动态参数,并对其参数进行逐步回归法分析。结果回归分析得到区分度最高的四个参数,并获得回归方程:y=1.747 0.018N2 0.0.19N9 0.028N7-0.382N6。结论精子的动态参数是评估男性不育的重要指标,通过逐步回归分析得到的回归方程,建立的数学模型,为临床提供了辅助诊断的定量依据。     

下颌骨的相关因素分析

作者对100例下颌骨测得的22项数据进行相关因素分析,建立了下颌骨的回归方程。下颌骨的二项测量数据进行多元线性回归方程分析,建立24项线性回归方程;下颌骨四至六项测量数据进行逐步回归方程分析,建立4项逐步回归方程。这些下颌骨的回归方程对临床医学及法医学等是有一定意义的。     

社会支持与住院老年人T淋巴细胞亚群相关性研究

目的探讨社会支持与住院老年人T淋巴细胞亚群的相关性。方法应用社会支持评定量表及流式细胞仪对165例住院老年男性进行调查。结果单因素相关分析:CD 3+与年龄呈负相关(r=-0.169,P=0.030),CD 4+、L c与病情呈负相关(r=-0.167,-0.209;P=0.032,0.007);多因素逐步回归分析:社会支持总分进入CD 4+、CD 4+/CD 8+的逐步回归方程(r=0.232,0.169;F=4.432,4.816;P=0.037,0.030);主观支持进入CD 4+、CD 4+/CD 8+、L c的逐步回归方程(r=0.252,0.209,0.269;F=6.129,7.462,5.003;P=0.014,0.007,0.027);主观支持的家庭成员进入CD 4+、CD 4+/CD 8+、朋友进入L c的逐步回归方程(r=0.299,0.216,0.283;F=9.398,7.955,6.409;P=0.003,0.005,0.012);社会支持利用的烦恼倾诉进入CD 4+的逐步回归方程(r=0.226,F=3.919,P=0.049)。结论社会支持与住院老年人的细胞免疫有关,烦恼倾诉能提高患者的T淋巴细胞水平。     

The Relationship between Social Support and T-Iymphoeyte Subsets in Hospitalized Elderly

目的 探讨社会支持与住院老年人T淋巴细胞亚群的相关性.方法 应用社会支持评定量表及流式细胞仪对165例住院老年男性进行调查.结果 单因素相关分析:CD3+与年龄呈负相关(r=-0.169,P=0.030),CD4+、Lc与病情呈负相关(r=-0.167,-0.209;P=0.032,0.007);多因素逐步回归分析:社会支持总分进入CD4+、CD4+/CD8+的逐步回归方程(r=0.232,0.169;F=4.432,4.816;P=0.037,0.030);主观支持进入CD4+、CD4 +/CD8+、Lc的逐步回归方程(r=0.252,0.209,0.269;F=6.129,7.462,5.003;P=0.014,0.007,0.027);主观支持的家庭成员进入CD4+、CD4+/CD8+、朋友进入Lc的逐步回归方程(r=0.299,0.216,0.283;F=9.398,7.955,6.409;P=0.003,0.005,0.012);社会支持利用的烦恼倾诉进入CD4+的逐步回归方程(r=0.226,F=3.919,P=0.049).结论 社会支持与住院老年人的细胞免疫有关,烦恼倾诉能提高患者的T淋巴细胞水平.     

外鼻有关测量和回归分析及其临床意义

对400例正常汉族成人的外鼻及面部有关指标进行了测量。测量结果经电子计算机逐步回归分析,建立了五组回归方程,揭示了外鼻有关指标之间及其和面部在形态学上的相互关系。可供外鼻整形术前设计参考。     

慢性肾衰患者内生肌酐清除率与生物电阻抗关系的逐步回归分析

用逐步回归方法分析１４名慢性肾功能衰竭成人的整体生物电阻抗值（７）、血清肌酐、血清尿素氨、身高、体重、年龄和性别等因素与内生肌酐清除率的关系，得出推算内生肌酐清除率的最优逐步回归方程，复相关系数为０．８７８５（Ｐ＝０．０００３），血清肌酐和Ｚ两个自变量入选。表明：整体生物电阻抗是较其他指标更佳的由血清肌酐推算慢性肾功能衰竭患者内生肌酐清除率的辅助指标。     

慢性肾衰患者内生肌酐清除率与生物电阻抗关系的逐步…

用逐步回归方法分析１４名慢性肾功能衰竭成人的整体生物电阻抗值、血清肌酐、血清尿素氮、身高、体重、年龄和性别等因素与内生肌酐清除率的关系，得出推算内生肌酐清除率的最优逐步回归方程，复相关系数为０．８７８５（Ｐ＝０．０００３），血清肌酐和Ｚ两个自变量入选。表明：整体生物电阻抗是较其他指标更佳的由血清肌酐推算慢性肾功能衰竭患者内生肌酐清除率的辅助指标。     

双生子婴儿气质，智力及超氧化物歧化酶的实验研究

双生子法是研究遗传与环境因素相互作用的最好方法之一。本文应用双生子法研究遗传与环境对气质的影响及其与超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）和智力的关系，结果表明：（１）婴儿气质除节律性外均与遗传密切相关；（２）用逐步回归法分析发现，气质与智力无显著相关；（３）ＳＯＤ活性在生后受遗传影响较小，主要受环境因素影响；（４）用逐步回归法分析发现，ＳＯＤ活性与节律性和反应强度呈正相关；而与适应性及活动度呈负相关。     

社区慢性阻塞性肺病患者的心理状况分析

笔者对我中心所辖社区内的慢性阻塞性肺病患者的心理状况进行调查,并与同区内其它人群的心理状况进行比较.发现其心理障碍发病率高达60.1%,远高于普通人群的24.76%.把慢性阻塞性肺病组受试者心理状况影响因素的多因素逐步回归分析,以婚姻,家庭结构,医疗报销,经济状况等项目作为自变量,心理健康(HAD积分)作为应变量进行多元逐步回归分析,获生活质量线性回归方程.提示慢性阻塞性肺病患者的心理状况除与病情有联系还与众多因素密切相关.     

情感性精神障碍的自知力及其影响因素

目的:探讨情感性精神障碍的自知力特点及其影响因素.方法:以自编自知力问卷对81例抑郁症患者和64例躁狂症患者的自知力及其影响因素进行评估,并作多元逐步回归分析.结果:抑郁症病人自知力问卷的评分为8.07±1.96,躁狂症病人自知力问卷的评分为2.62±3.43.多元逐步回归分析显示,抑郁症患者的治疗时间、AMD总分、入院态度进入了回归方程,标准回归系数分别为0.2803、0.2137、-0.2102;躁狂症患者的入院态度、BRMS量表中妄想项目、BRMS总分及自我评价项目进入了回归方程,标准回归系数分别为-0.8419、0.5537、0.2004、0.1799.结论:抑郁症患者自知力较好,躁狂症患者自知力较差.情感性精神障碍者的自知力受多种因素的影响.     

颞骨性别判别分析

用通过整套骨骼形态鉴定出性别的东北地区成人干颞骨１６６例进行５项测量，应用Ｆｉｓｈｅｒ判别分析，建立８个判别函数式，判别符合率男性为７９．７８％，女性为８１．１７％，男女合计正判率达８０．４２％，并将该结果与国内外颅脑判别分析的有关资料进行了对比。     

Geometric morphometric analysis of craniofacial variation,ontogeny and modularity in a cross‐sectional sample of modern humans

This investigation aimed to quantify craniofacial variation in a sample of modern humans. In all, 187 consecutive orthodontic patients were collected, of which 79 were male (mean age 13.3, SD 3.7, range 7.5–40.8) and 99 were female (mean age 12.3, SD 1.9, range 8.7–19.1). The male and female subgroups were tested for differences in mean shapes and ontogenetic trajectories, and shape variability was characterized using principal component analysis. The hypothesis of modularity was tested for six different modularity scenarios. The results showed that there were subtle but significant differences in the male and female Procrustes mean shapes. Males were significantly larger. Mild sexual ontogenetic allometric divergence was noted. Principal component analysis indicated that, of the four retained biologically interpretable components, the two most important sources of variability were (i) vertical shape variation (i.e. dolichofacial vs. brachyfacial growth patterns) and (ii) sagittal relationships (maxillary prognatism vs. mandibular retrognathism, and vice versa). The mandible and maxilla were found to constitute one module, independent of the skull base. Additionally, we were able to confirm the presence of an anterior and posterior craniofacial columnar module, separated by the pterygomaxillary plane, as proposed by Enlow. These modules can be further subdivided into four sub-modules, involving the posterior skull base, the ethmomaxillary complex, a pharyngeal module, and the anterior part of the jaws.     

Quantification of mandibular sexual dimorphism during adolescence

The present study investigates how sexual dimorphism in the human mandible develops in three‐dimensionally during adolescence. A cross‐sectional sample of mandibular meshes of 268 males and 386 females, aged between 8.5 and 19.5 years of age, were derived from cone beam computed tomography and were analysed using geometric morphometric methods. Growth trajectories of the mandible in males and females were modelled separately using a recently developed non‐linear kernel regression framework. Growth rate and direction at a dense array of points all over the mandibular surface were visualized within each group and compared between groups. We found that mandibular sexual dimorphism already exists at 9 years of age, but this is mostly in size not in shape. The differential growth rate and duration between the sexes during pubertal growth largely explained by adult sexual dimorphism: the growth direction in both males and females is similar but the male mandible changed more quickly and over a longer period than the female mandible, where the growth rate peaked and declined earlier. This results in increasing dimorphism in form, which is evident in both size and shape. The development of dimorphic features, concentrated in the chin and ramus, were further visualized. The dense morphometric approach provides detailed three‐dimensional quantitative assessment of the development of sexual dimorphism of the mandible.     

298例精神分裂症患者的性功能状况调查

目的：了解精神分裂症患者性功能状况,为防治精神分裂症患者的性功能障碍提供资料和信息。方法：男性共入组225例,其中正常对照组30例,性功能障碍组50例,精神分裂症患者住院组82例,精神分裂症患者门诊组63例。女性共入组183例,正常对照组30例,精神分裂症患者住院组92例,精神分裂症患者门诊组61例,用自编的简明性功能障碍自评量表进行调查,男性量表涉及性能力减退,性恐惧及性痛楚三方面内容。女性量表涉及月经紊乱,性能力减退,性痛楚及性恐惧四方面内容。结果：男性及女性精神分裂症患者均表现出性功能障碍的高发生率,男性住院组为57．3％,门诊组为52．4％,女性住院组为22．8％,门诊组为36．1％,与正常对照组均有统计学差异,Logistic回归分析显示抗精神病药是主要危险因素。结论：精神分裂症患者的性功能障碍发生率高,抗精神病药是主要危险因素。     

SD大鼠下颌骨的性别判别分析

目的：研究SD大鼠下颌骨在性别之间的差异。方法：对37例(♀19,♂18)SD成年大鼠下颌骨的11项变量进行测量,数据用SPSS 11．0统计软件的进行判别分析。采用逐步判别法和全模型法,用下颌骨变量建立性别判别函数。通过回代和交互检验方法来确定判别函数的效果。结果：大鼠下颌骨3项变量在性别之间有明显统计学意义,4项变量有非常明显统计学意义。两种方法的性别判别函数的性别正确判别率大于80．0%。结论：大鼠下颌骨变量有明显的性别差异,用SD大鼠下颌骨变量进行性别鉴定有一定理论和应用价值。     

beta-Endorphin acts on the reproductive tract of female rats to suppress sexual receptivity

Sexual receptivity was suppressed in female rats immediately after the male had ejaculated. The inhibition was prevented by intravaginal injection of naloxone (100 micrograms) before testing and intravaginal injection of beta-endorphin (1.0 micrograms) inhibited sexual behavior in female rats in a manner comparable to that of ejaculation by the male. beta-Endorphin was present in ejaculatory plugs collected from the vagina of female rats (8.2 +/- 0.6 pM) and in seminal fluid collected from male rats (7.7 +/- 0.2 pM). The results suggest that beta-endorphin in the ejaculate of the male rat can act on the reproductive tract of the female rat to suppress her sexual behavior.     

Effects of ovarian hormones on sexual receptivity, proceptivity, and motivation in olfactory bulbectomized female rats.

The purpose of the present experiment was to assess the effect of olfactory bulbectomy and ovarian hormones on female sexual motivation. Ovariectomized female rats underwent either bilateral bulbectomy or sham surgery. Females received one of four subthreshold hormone treatments: 0% estradiol (E2) plus 500 micrograms progesterone (P), 100% E2 alone, 10% E2 plus 500 micrograms P, or 100% E2 plus 500 micrograms P. Sexual motivation (as indicated by a female's preference for a sexually active male over a castrated male) and proceptivity (dart and ear wiggling sequences) were measured in a three compartment partner preference apparatus. Sexual receptivity (lordosis) was measured separately in a glass arena with a sexually active male. Results showed that olfactory bulb removal facilitates sexual receptivity and proceptivity in females exposed to 10% or 100% E2 in combination with 500 micrograms P. In contrast, sexual motivation was only demonstrated by olfactory bulbectomized females which received 100% E2 in combination with 500 micrograms P. These findings support the hypothesis that olfactory bulbectomy induces a behavioral hypersensitivity to estrogen, and suggest that sexual motivation is an estrogen-mediated response which requires a higher level of estrogen stimulation than sexual receptivity and proceptivity.     

Neonatal treatment of hamsters with barbiturate alters adult sexual behavior.

Male and female hamsters were given 50 micrograms pentobarbital, 100 micrograms pentobarbital, or 100 micrograms d-amphetamine on postnatal Days 2-4. When tested for masculine sexual behavior in adulthood, males treated with 100 micrograms pentobarbital showed behavioral deficits when tested with testes intact as well as after castration and treatment with testosterone propionate. Deficits shown by 50 micrograms pentobarbital males were overcome by testosterone replacement. When tested for feminine sexual behavior, males treated with 50 micrograms pentobarbital showed enhanced lordotic responses whereas males treated with 100 micrograms d-amphetamine showed no differences from controls when tested for female sexual behavior or when tested for male sexual behavior. Drug treatments had no effect on adult masculine or feminine sexual behavior in neonatally treated females. The results of this study show that pentobarbital can inhibit normal masculinization of the male when given during behavioral sexual differentiation.     

内蒙古地区成年人下颌骨三维CT测量及分析

目的 为成人下颌骨缺损修复重建、重塑面部骨骼整体形态提供解剖学参数。 方法 招募志愿者49例（男21例,女28例）,收集71例下颌骨干骨标本进行CT扫描,使用Mimics软件建立内蒙古地区人120例下颌骨三维模型,测量120例内蒙古地区人下颌骨指标,并将下颌骨数据作两侧比较、男性与女性比较以及与现代华北地区下颌骨数据比较。 结果 男、女志愿者双侧所有测量数据的均无统计学差异（P>0.05）,下颌骨各项测量数据除下颌角外均为男性大于女性,下颌角女性大于男性。 结论 内蒙古地区人群较华北其他地区人群下颌骨更宽、下巴更为突出,下颌角小,咀嚼肌力量大;为内蒙古地区人群设计下颌骨假体时,设计为下颌体厚,矢状面横截面积较大,体高与下颌支高较小的形态更为合适。 【关键词】 下颌骨; 三维测量; 内蒙古地区     

Post-hatch oral estrogen in zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata): Is infertility due to disrupted testes morphology or reduced copulatory behavior?

Previous studies show that post-hatch oral exposure of zebra finches to estradiol benzoate compromises male fertility, but the basis of the infertility is not clear. In this study, zebra finch nestlings were orally dosed with estradiol benzoate (at 1, 10, or 100 nmol/g BW per day, post-hatch days 5 to 11 [EB1, EB10, and EB100, respectively]). EB10 and EB100 males exhibited no significant differences in the frequency of mounting behavior (compared to canola oil [vehicle]-treated controls), when observed for six weeks as adults in communal breeding cages with similarly treated females; EB1 males showed reduced mounting behavior compared to controls (p < 0.05). EB- and control-treated adult pairs were subsequently co-housed in a communal breeding trial to determine the extent of parentage outside the established pair-bond. Microsatellite analysis was consistent with EB-treated males having lower success than controls in obtaining paternity outside the established pair-bond. Histological examination of testes revealed dose-related disruption of normal morphology: disrupted basal-to-lumen laminarity of spermatogenesis stages, increased vacuolization within seminiferous tubules, decreased sperm aggregation and decreased spermatid density. Additionally, EB100 and control males were housed individually, implanted with testosterone propionate (TP) and presented with a female 3, 5, 9, and 11 days post-implantation for assessment of male sexual behavior. EB-treated, TP-implanted birds showed a slight decrease in mounting and singing behavior on day 5 after implantation; other male courtship behaviors (display, solicitation) were unaffected. Taken together, these results suggest that infertility in male zebra finches resulting from early oral estrogen exposure is more likely due to disrupted testicular morphology than altered sexual behavior.