胫骨干骨折带锁髓内钉固定和钢板螺钉固定的对比研究

目的：对照回顾性分析带锁髓内钉和钢板内固定两种方法治疗胫骨干骨折的效果。方法：髓内钉组32例（35处骨折）,根据AO分型,42A型11处,42B型18处,42C型6处;钢板组42例（45处骨折）,42A型10处,42B型22处,42C型13处。平均伤后手术时间在髓内钉和钢板组分别为3d和3.5d。随访评估患者手术时间,活动度,愈合时间,术后并发症之间的差别。结果：术后平均随访13个月（8～26个月）。髓内钉组平均手术时间为84min,钢板螺钉组平均为93min。髓内钉组踝关节平均背屈度为13°（0°～20°）,钢板组为11°（0°～20°）;跖屈分别为41°（30°～50°）,47°（30°～50°）。愈合时间髓内钉组平均为3.3个月,钢板螺钉平均为3.5个月。术后X线片显示髓内钉固定有1例出现旋转畸形,钢板组有3例出现成角畸形,均为胫骨远端1/3骨折。结论：在治疗胫骨骨折方面,带锁髓内钉和钢板内固定两种方法都可以取得理想的效果。     

两种内固定治疗胫骨中下段骨折的疗效比较

目的 比较交锁髓内钉和微创经皮锁定钢板固定治疗胫骨中下段骨折的疗效。方法 将100例胫骨中下段骨折患者按内固定方式不同分为交锁髓内钉组(采用交锁髓内钉固定治疗,50例)和锁定钢板组(采用微创经皮锁定钢板内固定治疗,50例)。比较两组手术情况、骨折愈合时间、术后部分负重行走时间、术后并发症发生情况、Johner-Wruhs评分、踝关节活动度、AOFAS踝-后足评分。结果 患者均获得随访,时间12～15(12.26±5.63)个月。术中出血量、切口长度、住院时间：交锁髓内钉组均少(短)于锁定钢板组(P<0.01)。骨折愈合时间：交锁髓内钉组短于锁定钢板组(P<0.01)。术后部分负重行走时间：交锁髓内钉组早于锁定钢板组(P<0.01)。术后并发症发生率：交锁髓内钉组低于锁定钢板组(P<0.05)。术后12个月Johner-Wruhs评分优良率、末次随访时踝关节活动度及术后3、12个月AOFAS踝-后足评分：交锁髓内钉组均优于锁定钢板组(P<0.05)。结论 与微创经皮锁定钢板内固定相比,交锁髓内钉固定治疗胫骨中下段骨折更符合力学原理,更利于骨折愈合,患者术后下...     

交锁髓内钉与外支架治疗严重胫骨开放性骨折的疗效分析

目的:评价交锁髓内钉与外支架治疗严重胫骨开放性骨折的临床疗效。方法:严重胫骨开放性骨折患者39例,采用单侧外固定支架固定19例,男13例,女6例;年龄19~72岁,平均39岁;稳定性骨折7例,不稳定性骨折12例;合并其他部位骨折7例,颅脑损伤1例,腹部损伤2例。采用交锁髓内钉固定20例,男14例,女6例;年龄22~70岁,平均42岁;稳定性骨折8例,不稳定性骨折12例;合并其他部位骨折8例,颅脑伤2例,腹部伤1例。两组最初的伤口清创、软组织缺损的皮瓣移植修复是相同的。结果:随访时间平均为20个月(18~35个月),交锁髓内钉组骨折愈合时间(6·0±2·6)个月,外支架组骨折愈合时间为(7·0±2·5)个月。交锁髓内钉组膝关节的活动范围为115°±10°,踝关节为30°±5°,外支架组膝关节的活动范围为110°±5°,踝关节为27°±4°,髓内钉组功能恢复较好,成角畸形小。外支架组1例深部感染,4例钉道感染,髓内钉组1例深部感染。按功能评定标准,髓内钉组中优8例,良7例,中2例,差3例;外支架组中优4例,良5例,中3例,差7例。两组差异具有统计学意义(P<0·05)。比较骨折愈合时间、部分负重时间、踝膝关节的活动范围,两组之间无显著性差异。结论:在彻底清创,并且具备即刻或早期皮瓣修复的技术条件下,交锁髓内钉是治疗严重胫骨开放性骨折的理想选择。     

阻挡钉加强交锁髓内钉与锁定钢板在治疗胫骨远端骨折中的对比研究

[目的]比较阻挡钉加强交锁髓内钉和锁定钢板固定治疗胫骨远端骨折的疗效.[方法]采用微创内固定技术治疗32例胫骨远端骨折,根据内固定方式分成髓内钉组(n=17)和锁定钢板组(n=15),比较两组的手术时间,骨折愈合时间,踝关节最大背伸度,并采用Olerud-Molander踝关节评分评价结果.[结果]所有患者获得55～81周(平均60.3周)的随访,两组患者在手术时间、踝关节最大背伸度方面差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).所有骨折均获得愈合,平均愈合时间髓内钉组为20.5周,锁定钢板组为21.2周.Olerud-Molander踝关节评分结果均为优良.[结论]对于胫骨远端骨折,阻挡钉加强交锁髓内钉和微创锁定钢板都是有效的固定方式,根据损伤具体情况,选择合适的固定方式.     

2种不同内固定治疗65例胫骨远端骨折的疗效分析

目的比较交锁髓内钉与经皮钢板固定治疗胫骨远端骨折的疗效。方法对2003年7月～2007年12月65例胫骨远端干骺端骨折的临床资料进行回顾性总结分析,其中34例采用髓内钉治疗,31例采用经皮钢板固定治疗,比较2组手术时间、术中出血量、骨折愈合时间及相关并发症。结果髓内钉组与钢板组的手术时间分别为(82.2±12.5)min、(89.2±14.1)min,差异性有统计学意义(t=-2.122,P=0.038);髓内钉组术中出血量(105.0±14.9)ml显著少于钢板组(164.6±30.9)ml(t=-10.044,P=0.000)。2组随访10～28个月(平均21.8月),所有骨折均获得愈合,骨折愈合时间髓内钉组为(18.6±3.8)周,钢板组为(20.0±4.0)周,2组比较无统计学差异(t=-1.447,P=0.153)。髓内钉组有5例发生畸形愈合,钢板组无畸形愈合,但2组无统计学意义(P=0.054);髓内钉组有4例发生局部软组织并发症,钢板组无此并发症发生,2组有统计学差异(P=0.046)。结论对于胫骨远端骨折,交锁髓内钉和经皮钢板固定都是有效的固定方法,经皮钢板提供更好的骨折端稳定性,而交锁髓内钉有利于治疗合并局部软组织损伤的骨折。     

交锁髓内钉和经皮钢板固定治疗胫骨远端干骺端骨折的疗效比较

目的 比较交锁髓内钉和经皮钢板固定治疗胫骨远端干骺端骨折的疗效。方法 回顾性分析2004年5月～2005年8月采用交锁髓内钉或经皮钢板固定的51例胫骨远端干骺端骨折的治疗效果，根据内固定方式分成髓内钉组（n=27）和钢板组（n=24），比较两组的手术时间，出血量，透视次数，骨折愈合时间，踝关节前后向、内外翻成角，踝关节最大背伸度及并发症，并采用Olerud-Molander踝关节评分评价结果。结果 所有患者获得12—27个月（21．2个月）随访，两组患者在手术时间、透视次数、踝关节最大背伸度方面差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。所有骨折均获得愈合，平均愈合时间髓内钉组为20．0周，钢板组为18．6周。Olerud-Molander踝关节评分结果均为优良。髓内钉组具有较少的手术出血量，钢板组具有更好的骨折对线；髓内钉组有5例发生畸形愈合，钢板组有4例发生局部软组织并发症。结论 对于胫骨远端骨折，交锁髓内钉和经皮钢板固定都是有效的固定方式，经皮钢板能够提供更好的骨折端稳定性，而交锁髓内钉有利于处理伴有局部软组织损伤的骨折。     

两种内固定方法在治疗胫骨开放性骨折中的应用

目的 观察应用MIPPO技术下LCP钢板与带锁髓内钉内固定治疗胫骨开放性骨折的临床疗效.方法 手术治疗46例胫骨开放性骨折患者,根据临床骨折具体情况分为2组:A组25例,采用MIPPO技术下LCP钢板内固定;B组21例,采用带锁髓内钉内固定术.术后定期随访,膝踝关节功能恢复情况按Johner-Wruhs评分标准进行功能评价.结果 46例均获随访,时间10～36(25±1)个月.A组优19例,良4例,可2例;B组优12例,良7例,可1例,差1例;A、B两组优良率分别为92.0%和90.4%.结论 在治疗开放性胫骨骨折时,如能彻底清创,正确选择适应证,IPPO技术下LCP钢板及带锁髓内钉内固定均是治疗开放性胫骨骨折的有效方法.     

交锁髓内钉与锁定钢板在胫骨中下段骨折中的应用

目的探讨交锁髓内钉和锁定钢板内固定治疗胫骨中下段骨折的临床疗效。方法笔者自2009-01—2014-10诊治胫骨中下段骨折58例。根据内固定方式不同分为交锁髓内钉组(31例)和锁定钢板组(27例),比较2组疗效。结果所有患者获得随访12~24个月,平均18.6个月。4例发生不同程度感染,其中髓内钉组1例,锁定钢板组3例;不愈合和延迟愈合5例,髓内钉组4例,钢板组1例。末次随访膝关节HSS评分:髓内钉组为(89.3±3.2)分,锁定钢板组为(91.6±2.9)分,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);末次随访踝关节AOFAS评分:髓内钉组为(92.5±2.3)分,锁定钢板组为(91.2±2.8)分,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论交锁髓内钉和锁定钢板均能有效治疗胫骨中下段骨折,但在开放性骨折和小腿肿胀较严重时,使用交锁髓内钉疗效较好;锁定钢板在骨折不愈合和延迟愈合发生率更低。     

交锁髓内钉与LCP内固定治疗胫骨远端骨折的放射学及临床疗效比较

目的 比较交锁髓内钉与锁定加压钢板(LCP)内固定结合MIPPO技术治疗胫骨远端骨折的放射学及临床疗效.探讨胫骨远端骨折的内同定选择.方法 对117例胫骨骨折,分别接受交锁髓内钉和锁定加压钢板结合MIPPO技术治疗胫骨远端骨折,髓内组48例和LCP组69例.观察放射学及踝关节功能"美国足部和踝部矫形外科协会的踝部损伤评定量表"(AOFAS)评分.结果 随访18～42个月,平均26.5个月,117例中102例骨折愈合,出现延迟愈合12例,骨不连3例.放射学结果根据Johner-Wruhs评分:满意101例(86.3%),不满意16例(13.7%).经放射学比较,可见LCP组的满意率高于髓内钉组,差别有统计学意义(P＜0.05).AOFAS评分:髓内钉组平均82.47分,LCP组平均85.24分,两组评分差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 交锁髓内钉和LCP都是治疗胫骨远端骨折的有效方法,但从放射学表现看,LCP效果较优,尤其在靠近胫骨远端关节面的骨折,其具有更好的固定效果.     

3种内固定方法治疗胫骨远段骨折的疗效比较

目的 比较3种内固定方法治疗78例胫骨远段骨折的疗效。方法 将78例胫骨远段骨折AO分型A型患者按内固定方法不同分为内侧钢板组(采用内侧锁定钢板固定治疗，27例)、外侧钢板组(采用外侧锁定钢板固定治疗，25例)和髓内钉组(采用髓内钉固定治疗，26例)。比较3组手术时间、术中出血量、下地完全负重时间、骨折愈合时间、术后并发症情况、膝关节和踝关节活动度。结果 患者均获得随访，时间12～24(16.5±2.5)个月。手术时间、术中出血量：内侧钢板组、外侧钢板组均明显短(少)于髓内钉组(P<0.05);内侧钢板组与外侧钢板组比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。下地完全负重时间、骨折愈合时间3组比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后并发症发生率：内侧钢板组明显高于外侧钢板组、髓内钉组(P<0.05);外侧钢板组和髓内钉组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。末次随访时，3组膝关节屈曲130°～140°、伸直0°～5°;踝关节跖屈40°～45°、背伸20°～25°。结论 3种内固定治疗胫骨远段骨折均能获得满意疗效。对于小腿内侧软组织浅薄或条件不佳情况建议采用...     

Successful use of reaming and intramedullary nailing of the tibia

The records and radiographs of 87 patients with 88 fractures of the tibial diaphysis who underwent intramedullary reaming and nailing were retrospectively reviewed. The mean patient age was 37 years. Seventy fractures were closed, and 18 were open. The indications for nailing were failures of closed treatment (n = 48), nonunions (n = 24), multiple injuries (n = 14), and fixation of osteotomy (n = 2). Seventy-six patients with 77 nails who were followed for an average of 26.2 months were studied. For acute fractures, the average time to complete clinical and radiographic union was 5.3 months. For established nonunions, the average healing time was 9 months. The only fractures that failed to unit were nonunions developing from previously open Type III injuries. Angular deformities greater than 5 degrees did not occur. Significant tibial shortening occurred in only one fracture. Decreased motion in the ankle or knee was present in six patients. Major complications as a result of tibial nailing occurred in three patients: two deep infections and one patellar tendon rupture. Minor complications included 10 patients with pain at the nail insertion site necessitating removal in four patients, three patients with transient sensory peroneal nerve dysesthesias, and one patient with a superficial wound infection that cleared with local care. Nine patients required reoperation. Intramedullary reaming and nailing of the tibia can be used advantageously in the treatment of difficult fractures of the tibial shaft and their sequelae. Attention to the technical details of nail insertion will minimize the most frequent complications.     

Suprapatellar nailing of tibial fractures–Indications and technique

Intramedullary nailing is the standard procedure for surgical treatment of closed and Gustilo-Anderson Grade I-II° open fractures of the tibial shaft. The use of intramedullary nailing for the treatment of proximal metaphyseal tibia fractures is frequently followed by postoperative malalignment, whereas plate osteosynthesis is associated with higher rates of postoperative infection. Intramedullary nailing of tibial fractures is generally performed through an infrapatellar approach. The injured extremity must be positioned at a minimum of 90° of flexion in the knee joint to achieve optimal exposure of the correct entry point. The tension of the quadriceps tendon causes a typical apex anterior angulation of the proximal fragment.The suprapatellar approach improves reduction of the fracture and reduces the occurrence of malalignment during intramedullary nailing of extra-articular proximal tibial fractures. The knee is positioned in 20° of flexion to neutralise traction forces secondary to the quadriceps muscle, thus preventing an apex anterior angulation of the proximal fragment. An additional advantage of the technique is that it allows the surgeon to avoid or minimise further soft tissue damage because of the distance between the optimal incision point and the usual area of soft tissue damage.     

Chronic sepsis following intramedullary nailing of femoral fractures

We reviewed 12 patients with chronic drainage after intramedullary nailing of a femoral shaft fracture. The fractures tended to be the result of high-speed trauma and were frequently comminuted. Six were open fractures and six were closed injuries. All but one had been managed initially with the open nailing technique, exposing the fracture site. In six cases we left the nail in place until bone union occurred, an average of 33 months after injury, removing the hardware thereafter. The remaining six patients, each with bone sequestra at the fracture site, underwent nail removal, debridement of nonviable bone, and external fixation followed by bone grafting; this group took 37 months to heal. There was one persistent nonunion in each group. Drainage did not cease in either group until the nail and all sequestra had been removed. There was an average of 4.3 cm of shortening, but no angulation greater than 10 degrees. Six patients were left with less than 45 degrees of knee flexion and only five had 100 degrees or more of knee flexion.     

Anterior knee pain and thigh muscle strength after intramedullary nailing of tibial shaft fractures: a report of 40 consecutive cases

OBJECTIVES: Chronic anterior knee pain is a common complication following intramedullary nailing of a tibial shaft fracture. The source of pain is often not known nor is the reason for a simultaneous decrease in thigh muscle strength. Anterior knee pain has also been reported following an anterior cruciate ligament rupture. No previous investigation has assessed whether weakness of the thigh muscles is associated with anterior knee pain following intramedullary nailing of tibial shaft fractures. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: University Hospital of Tampere, University of Tampere. PATIENTS: Fifty consecutive patients with a nailed tibial shaft fracture were initially included in the study. Ten patients did not have isokinetic strength testing for various reasons and were eliminated from the study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Isokinetic muscle strength measurements were done in 40 patients at an average 3.2 +/- 0.4 (SD) years after nail insertion (1.7 +/- 0.3 years after the nail extraction). RESULTS: Twelve (30%) patients were painless and 28 (70%) patients had anterior knee pain at follow-up. With reference to the hamstrings muscles, the mean peak torque deficit of the injured limb (as compared with the uninjured limb) was 2 +/- 11% in the painless group and 11 +/- 17% in the pain group at a speed of 60 degrees /s (P = 0.09, [95% CI for the group difference = -18% to 0%]). At a speed of 180 degrees /s, the corresponding deficits were -3 +/- 13% and 10 +/- 21% (P = 0.03, [95% CI for the group difference = -4% to -2%]). With reference to the quadriceps muscles, the mean peak torque deficit of the injured limb was 14 +/- 15% in the painless group and 15 +/- 15% in the pain group at speed of 60 degrees /s (P = 0.71, [95% CI for the group difference = -11% to 10%]). At a speed of 180 degrees /s, the corresponding deficits were 9 +/- 11% and 14 +/- 17% (P = 0.46, [95% CI for the group difference = -14% to 5%]). CONCLUSION: Based on this prospective study, we conclude that anterior knee pain after intramedullary nailing of a tibial shaft fracture, although of multifactorial origin, may be related to deficiency in the flexion strength of the thigh muscles.     

Does fibular plating improve alignment after intramedullary nailing of distal metaphyseal tibia fractures?

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate whether supplementary fibular fixation helped maintain axial alignment in distal metaphyseal tibia-fibula fractures treated by locked intramedullary nailing. DESIGN: Retrospective chart and radiographic review. SETTING: Three, level 1, trauma centers. PATIENTS: Distal metaphyseal tibia-fibula fractures were separated into 2 groups based on the presence of adjunctive fibular plating. Group 1 consisted of fractures treated with small fragment plate fixation of the fibula and intramedullary (IM) nailing of the tibia, whereas group 2 consisted of fractures treated with IM nailing of the tibia without fibular fixation. OUTCOME MEASURES: Malalignment of the tibial shaft was defined as 1) >5 degrees of varus/valgus angulation, or 2) >10 degrees anterior/posterior angulation. Measures of angulation were obtained from radiographs taken immediately after the surgery, a second time 3 months later, and at 6-month follow-up. Leg length and rotational deformity were not examined. RESULTS: Seventy-two fractures were studied. In 25 cases, the associated fibula fracture was stabilized, and in 47 cases the associated fibula fracture was not stabilized. Cases were more likely to have the associated fibula fracture stabilized where the tibia fracture was very distal. In multivariate adjusted analysis, plating of the fibula fracture was significantly associated with maintenance of reduction 12 weeks or later after surgery (odds ratio = 0.03; P = 0.036). The use of 2 medial-lateral distal locking bolts also was protective against loss of reduction; however, this association was not statistically significant (odds ratio = 0.29; P = 0.275). CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the proportion of fractures that lost alignment was smaller among those receiving stabilization of the fibula in conjunction with IM nailing compared with those receiving IM nailing alone. Adjunctive fibular stabilization was associated significantly with the ability to maintain fracture reduction beyond 12 weeks. At the present time, the authors recommend fibular plating whenever IM nailing is contemplated in the unstable distal tibia-fibular fracture.     

Intramedullary nailing of distal metaphyseal tibial fractures

BACKGROUND: The treatment of distal metaphyseal tibial fractures remains controversial. This study was performed to evaluate the results of intramedullary nailing of distal tibial fractures located within 5 cm of the ankle joint. METHODS: Over a sixteen-month period at two institutions, thirty-six tibial fractures that involved the distal 5 cm of the tibia were treated with reamed intramedullary nailing with use of either two or three distal interlocking screws. Ten fractures with articular extension were treated with supplementary screw fixation prior to the intramedullary nailing. Radiographs were reviewed to determine the immediate and final alignments and fracture-healing. The Short Form-36 (SF-36) and Musculoskeletal Function Assessment (MFA) questionnaires were used to evaluate functional outcome. RESULTS: Acceptable radiographic alignment, defined as <5 degrees of angulation in any plane, was obtained in thirty-three patients (92%). No patient had any change in alignment between the immediate postoperative and the final radiographic evaluation. Complications included one deep infection and one iatrogenic fracture at the time of the intramedullary nailing. Six patients could not be followed. The remaining thirty fractures united at an average of 23.5 weeks. Three patients with associated traumatic bone loss underwent a staged autograft procedure, and they had fracture-healing at an average of 44.3 weeks. The functional outcome was determined at a minimum of one year for nineteen patients and at a minimum of two years (average, 4.5 years) for fifteen patients. At one year, there were significant limitations in several domains despite fracture union and maintenance of alignment, but there was improvement in the MFA scores with time. CONCLUSIONS: Intramedullary nailing is an effective alternative for the treatment of distal metaphyseal tibial fractures. Simple articular extension of the fracture is not a contraindication to intramedullary fixation. Functional outcomes improve with time.     

450 closed fractures of the distal third of the tibia treated with a functional brace

Four hundred fifty closed fractures of the distal third of the tibial diaphysis, treated with a functional brace, are the subject of this study. Four (0.9%) of the fractures resulted in nonunion. The average healing time was 16.6 +/- 5.6 weeks, with a range from 10-40 weeks. The average final shortening was 5.1 +/- 4.8 mm with a range from 0-25 mm. Four hundred twenty four (94.2%) fractures healed with < 12 mm shortening. Initial shortening at the time of injury essentially was unchanged, from 4.4 +/- 4.5 mm to 4.4 +/- 3.9 mm final shortening. Axially unstable closed tibial fractures do not shorten beyond the initial shortening. Four-hundred five fractures (90.0%) healed with less than 8 degrees angular deformity in either the frontal or sagittal planes, and 302 (67.1%) healed with less than 5 degrees deformity in any plane. Overall, 391 fractures (87%) healed with shortening less than 12 mm and angulation in any plane less than 8 degrees . These degrees of angular deformity and shortening seem to compare favorably with those reported by other investigators using intramedullary nails. It seems that functional bracing is an effective method of treatment of a selected group of tibial fractures.     

Indirect reduction and tension-band plating of tibial non-union with deformity.

Thirty-three patients who had a maligned non-union of the tibial diaphysis were treated by limited open exposure, indirect reduction with a femoral distractor, tension-band plating, lag-screw fixation, and autogenous bone-grafting. The time from the injury to treatment of the non-union averaged twenty-nine months. Twenty-two of the fractures were originally open and sixteen fractures had had a previous infection before treatment of the non-union. The non-unions were classified as hypertrophic in eight patients, oligotrophic in eighteen, and atrophic in seven. All had severe deformity, or the nature or level of the non-union, or both, precluded intramedullary nailing as a treatment option. All thirty-three non-unions healed at an average of four months; the average length of follow-up was nineteen months. The deformity was corrected, within acceptable limits, in thirty-two of the patients. Full motion of the knee was achieved in twenty-nine patients and of the ankle, in eighteen. Complications included four instances of superficial skin breakdowns, one deep infection, and one fracture of the plate. For non-unions of the tibial diaphysis with deformity that are not amenable to intramedullary nailing, the techniques of limited exposure, indirect reduction, tension-band plating, and bone-grafting can yield excellent anatomical and functional results.     

交锁髓内钉与外支架治疗严重胫骨开放性骨折的疗效分析

目的:评价交锁髓内钉与外支架治疗严重胫骨开放性骨折的临床疗效。方法:严重胫骨开放性骨折患者39例,采用单侧外固定支架固定19例,男13例,女6例;年龄19⁷2岁,平均39岁;稳定性骨折7例,不稳定性骨折12例;合并其他部位骨折7例,颅脑损伤1例,腹部损伤2例。采用交锁髓内钉固定20例,男14例,女6例;年龄22⁷0岁,平均42岁;稳定性骨折8例,不稳定性骨折12例;合并其他部位骨折8例,颅脑伤2例,腹部伤1例。两组最初的伤口清创、软组织缺损的皮瓣移植修复是相同的。结果:随访时间平均为20个月（18³5个月）,交锁髓内钉组骨折愈合时间（6·0±2·6）个月,外支架组骨折愈合时间为（7·0±2·5）个月。交锁髓内钉组膝关节的活动范围为115°±10°,踝关节为30°±5°,外支架组膝关节的活动范围为110°±5°,踝关节为27°±4°,髓内钉组功能恢复较好,成角畸形小。外支架组1例深部感染,4例钉道感染,髓内钉组1例深部感染。按功能评定标准,髓内钉组中优8例,良7例,中2例,差3例;外支架组中优4例,良5例,中3例,差7例。两组差异具有统计学意义（P<0·05）。比较骨折愈合时间、部分负重时间、踝膝关节的活动范围,两组之间无显著性差异。结论:在彻底清创,并且具备即刻或早期皮瓣修复的技术条件下,交锁髓内钉是治疗严重胫骨开放性骨折的理想选择。