中医灸与人体穴位红外辐射光谱特性研究

本文通过锁相放大技术测到人体不到1cm^2面积的体表红外辐射光谱。通过对这些光谱的归一化处理后发现，不同人体和同一人体的不同穴位，尽管其红外辐射绝对光谱及强度相差很大，但归一化光谱都有相当的一致性与可比性。进一步将人体发射的平均归一化光谱与中医艾条灸、隔姜灸、隔蒜灸及隔附子饼灸点燃过程中的光谱比较发现，后面三种间隔灸与人体自发辐射的光谱有着惊人的一致性，而艾条灸等的光谱却相差甚远。     

人体体表穴位点红外辐射光谱特征及其与ATP能量代谢的关系

使用高灵敏度红外光谱测量装置,记录到人体体表穴位和ATP水解反应过程中释放的红外光谱,在扣除同温度的黑体辐射本底后发现在3μm附近存在一明显辐射峰.研究发现的人体穴位辐射光谱与ATP水解过程发射的红外光谱存在同样峰值,这表明人体体表的红外辐射中含有ATP能量代谢的生物医学信息,对它的研究将为应用红外光谱无损检测到人体ATP能量代谢奠定基础.     

冠状动脉痉挛与球结膜微循环缺血区关系的探讨

近年来,我们在对冠心病人外周微循环观察时,发现冠心病人球结膜微循环中可逆性缺血区可作为冠状动脉痉挛的诊断指标。对100例正常人及154例冠心病人对照观察发现,冠心病人组球结膜微循环中有缺血区者占31.2%,与正常人相比,差异非常显著(P<0.001)。对48例有缺血区的病人治疗前、后的观察,37例(占77.1%)随症状缓     

重复电针内关穴对正常人收缩时间间期昼夜节律的影响

本实验观察了十二时辰重复电针内关穴对正常人收缩时间间期（ＳＴＩ）昼夜节律的影响，并与其４天前未针刺的昼夜节律进行了比较。结果发现，重复电针内关穴对正常人的ＳＴＩ有累积效应，表现为十二时辰即刻电针前后的昼夜节律基本相似，而较４天前未针刺的昼夜节律则差异明显，即刻电针前后ＳＴＩ各指标的差值也显示了昼夜波动，且各指标的差值均为负值，提示重复电针内关穴对正常人的左心功能有一定程度的损害，并可能因此而导致心肌收缩力增强。     

心声频谱的诊断学价值：1,冠心病与正常心声频谱的线性…

本文用频率响应不同的三种传声器自６９名冠心病人、３４名隐匿型冠心病人、４０名正常人引导心声信号，用线性预测法脱机分析３２６个心动周期，共提取出１５８８５０个表征心声图象的原始数据，从中经ｔ检验筛选出了在正常与隐匿型冠心病之间，及隐匿型冠心病与冠心病之间有显著差异的特征量。发现用频响低限为０．０１Ｈｚ的传声器自两组患者胸骨左缘第４肋间导出的心声，其第一心音之末至第二心音之始，以及第三心音之始至下一周     

体表定位红外辐射测量及其临床意义

应用体表定位红外辐射测量技术,在临床上测试了脑梗塞、脑血栓和脑出血等脑血管症（１２例）及关节炎等多例病人的体表对应位置的红外辐射温度。结果显示,研制的体表红外辐射测量定位仪可以用于简易可靠的热诊断,来发现和预示多种类型病变的过程和趋势。     

心声频谱的诊断学价值1、冠心病与正常心声频谱的线性预测分析

本文用频率响应不同的三种传声器自６９名冠心病人、３４名隐匿型冠心病人、４０名正常人引导心声信号，用线性预测法脱机分析３２６个心动周期，共提取出１５８８５０个表征心声图象的原始数据，从中经ｔ检验筛选出了在正常与隐匿型冠心病之间，及隐匿型冠心病与冠心病之间有显著差异的特征量。发现用频响低限为０．０１Ｈｚ的传声器自两组患者胸骨左缘第４肋间导出的心声，其第一心音之末至第二心音之始，以及第三心音之始至下一周期第一心音之始的两个心声段中，０－１０Ｈｚ频率区间的能量比例显著减少、２５－５００Ｈｚ频率区间的能量比例显著增多、心声频谱的最大谱峰位置与波谱形心位置基本位于可听阈以下的次声带范围内，但均显著向高频方向移动。这些规律可望用于冠心病早期诊断。     

提高中红外光谱法检测血糖精度的途径

中红外光谱法不使用任何试剂检测血糖浓度，但由于精度不够高，尚未应用于临床检测。本文从中红外光谱法测量血糖浓度的原理、技术出发。结合实验研究结果，从选取最佳研究波段、光谱处理方法、消除血液中其他成分干扰及改进系统硬件等四方面分析了当前中红外光谱法测血糖可以提高测量和预测精度的途径。针对四条途径，本文分别进行了以下实验：（1）严格确定在中红外区对葡萄糖浓度变化最灵敏的区域，（2）应用遗传算法筛选波长，（3）光谱正规化以提高仪器对样品测量的再现性，（4）使用高能量的CO2激光器作为光源，实验测量结果提高至接近或达到临床检测的可接受水平。     

孔最联合内关穴穴位注射血凝酶治疗咳血疗效观察

目的研究孔最联合内关穴穴位注射血凝酶治疗咳血的临床疗效。方法本研究选取本院收治的30例接受常规治疗的咳血患者作为对照组，另选取同期收治的31例咳血患者作为治疗组，接受孔最联合内关穴穴位注射血凝酶治疗；对照研究两组患者的疗效。结果治疗组患者的总有效率为90.32%，对照组有效率为86.66%。两组数据无显著性差异（P＞0.05），但治疗组患者的痊愈率为35.48%，显著高于对照组的痊愈率20%（P＜0.05）。结论孔最联合内关穴穴位注射血凝酶治疗咳血可以有效提高疗效。     

牙科复合树脂增韧用单壁碳纳米管的表面改性和微结构

为了使单壁碳纳米管（SWNTs）在牙科复合树脂中获得良好的单分散和牢固的界面结合，将其回流、氧化处理后，用APTE处理，然后用溶胶-凝胶法在其外侧壁包裹一层纳米SiO2颗粒，用硅烷偶联剂对包裹后的SWNTs进行化学改性，用红外光谱和透射电镜检测改性结果，发现透射电镜照片显示在SWNTs外壁上包裹了一层纳米级颗粒；红外光谱上出现SiO2的特征吸收峰；制备纳米复合树脂试件，用透射电镜观察，发现SWNTs镶嵌在树脂基质内的其他填料之间。     

Effects of infrared radiation on skin photo-aging and pigmentation

Infrared radiation is increasingly and uncritically used for cosmetic and wellness purposes, despite the poorly understood biologic effects of such treatments on humans. In the present study, we investigated the effects of infrared radiation on collagen and elastin production in dermal fibroblasts, as well as the clinical and histopathologic effects of infrared radiation on photo-aged facial skin lesions. In order to determine the effects of infrared radiation on collagen and elastin production, dermal fibroblasts were exposed to infrared radiation for varying lengths of time and collagen and elastin contents were subsequently determined. Additionally, 20 patients with mild to moderate facial wrinkles and hyperpigmented lesions received daily treatments of far infrared radiation (900 to 1000 microm) for six-months. During the treatment, patients and a medical observer conducted independent photographic and clinical evaluations every 4 weeks, and skin biopsies were obtained for histological analysis at baseline and one month post-treatment. We found that the content of collagen and elastin produced by the fibroblasts increased after infrared radiation, and that this increase was proportional to the duration of irradiation exposure. Following 6 months of treatment, all patients reported good (51-75%) improvements in skin texture and roughness. Additionally, patients noted fair (25-50%) improvement in color tone of the skin; however, improvements in hyperpigmented lesions were not observed. Objective medical evaluation of the patients indicated that roughness and laxity were fairly improved, but there was no significant improvement in hyperpigmented lesions. Histological examination failed to reveal any differences as well. These results suggest that infrared radiation may have beneficial effects on skin texture and wrinkles by increasing collagen and elastin contents from the stimulated fibroblasts. Therefore, skin treatment with infrared radiation may be an effective and safe non-ablative remodeling method, and may also be useful in the treatment of photo-aged skin.     

Susceptibility of peripheral lymphocytes of brain tumour patients to in vitro radiation-induced DNA damage,a preliminary study

OBJECTIVE: The present investigation aimed to study the susceptibility of lymphocytes collected from brain tumour patients to radiation-induced DNA damage under in vitro conditions. METHODS: The peripheral lymphocytes collected from brain tumour patients were exposed to 2-Gy gamma radiation. Susceptibility of lymphocytes to radiation-induced DNA damage and their repair ability was assessed by alkaline comet assay. RESULTS: Lymphocytes of patients with benign and malignant tumour had a significantly higher (p < 0.001) baseline DNA damage compared to lymphocytes from normal subjects. A significant increase (p < 0.001) in DNA damage was observed immediately after irradiation of lymphocytes from healthy subjects and brain tumour patients. However, at 1 h after irradiation the level of DNA damage dropped significantly (p < 0.001) compared to that of immediately after irradiation of respective groups. DISCUSSION: In conclusion, the lymphocytes of brain tumour patients possess a higher level of basal DNA damage and exhibit a higher susceptibility to a clastogenic agent like radiation.     

Forearm oxygen consumption and forearm blood flow in healthy children and adolescents measured by near infrared spectroscopy

The assessment of forearm oxygen consumption (VO(2)) and forearm blood flow (FBF) by means of near infrared spectroscopy has become widespread in adults, whereas in children and adolescents no data are available. The aim of the present study was to analyze VO(2) and FBF in healthy children and adolescents. METHODS: In a prospective cohort study, 20 male and 20 female healthy children and adolescents were investigated. The measurements of VO(2) and FBF were performed by means of near infrared spectroscopy in combination with the venous occlusion method. RESULTS: Mean VO(2) was 0.08 +/- 0.04 ml 100 g(-1) min(-1) in male and 0.09 +/- 0.05 ml 100 g(-1) min(-1) in female subjects. Mean FBF was 1.95 +/- 1.25 ml 100 g(-1) min(-1) in male and 1.82 +/- 0.98 ml 100 g(-1) min(-1) in female subjects. No significant difference was found between male and female subjects. A significant negative correlation of VO(2) and FBF to age was observed in both groups. CONCLUSION: In the present study we were able to show that VO(2) and FBF decreased with increasing age in children and adolescents without significant differences between male and female subjects.     

模拟高压输电线路电磁辐射对实验大鼠生物电参数影响的研究

随着经济的发展和信息时代的来临,各种频段的电磁波无处不在,人们日益暴露于其中。电磁辐射对人体健康的影响是多方面的,为了研究高压输电线路(High-voltage transmission line,HV transmission line)电磁辐射(Electromagnetic radiation,EM radiation)对大鼠脑电、心电和肌电等生物电参数的影响,测量了暴露在模拟高压输电线路电磁辐射环境下一年的大鼠脑电图,心电图和肌电图,并测量了其脑组织红外吸收谱,发现对照组和暴露组大鼠脑电各频段所占比例没有显著性差异,但是,二者脑组织的红外吸收谱存在显著差异;暴露组大鼠的心率、心动周期、P波时程、T波时程和T波高度与对照组相比都有不同程度的改变;暴露组大鼠的肌肉复合电位(Compound muscle action potential,CMAP)潜伏期与对照组相比没有显著差异,但其峰-峰值有显著差异。这些结果提示模拟高压输电线路电磁辐射对长期暴露在其中的大鼠神经电生理参数存在一定的影响。     

Short-term culture and gammaH2AX flow cytometry determine differences in individual radiosensitivity in human peripheral T lymphocytes

Histone H2AX, a subfamily of histone H2A, is phosphorylated and forms proteinaceous repair foci at the sites of DNA double-strand breaks in response to genotoxic insults, such as ionizing radiation. This process is believed to play a key role in the repair of DNA damage. In this study, we established a flow cytometry (FCM) system for measuring radiation-induced phosphorylated histone H2AX (gammaH2AX) in cultured human T lymphocytes to evaluate individual radiation sensitivity in vitro. Irradiation of short-term ( approximately 7 days) cultured T lymphocytes exhibited significant interindividual, but not interexperimental, differences in the cellular content of gammaH2AX 6 hr after 4 Gy of X-irradiation in three independent experiments using peripheral blood lymphocytes from six healthy donors. However, these differences were not as marked in uncultured lymphocytes, or lymphocytes that were cultured for a prolonged period ( approximately 13 days). The variation of gammaH2AX focus formation in lymphocytes of individuals was reproducible, with differences reaching about 1.5-fold following 7 days of culture. Therefore, the FCM-based gammaH2AX measurement appeared to reflect both the temporal course and the amount of DNA damage within the irradiated lymphocytes. Further, we confirmed that the differences in residual lymphocyte subsets were not involved in individual radiosensitivity. These results suggest that the FCM-based gammaH2AX assay using cultured T lymphocytes might be useful for the rapid and reliable assessment of individual radiation sensitivity involved in DNA damage repair.     

Diffusion tensor imaging in acquired blind humans

Retinal implants as a future possible therapy of blindness rely on an intact neural transmission from the retina to the primary visual cortex. By now it remains unknown, in how far the absence of afferent input in blindness affects also the organization of the optic radiation. Using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), the non-invasive evaluation of large fiber tracts including the optic radiation has become possible. This method is sensitive to changes of the axonal state such as wallerian degeneration. We have compared DTI data from 6 acquired blind patients with those of a group of 11 healthy control subjects. Neither the relative anisotropy quotient of the visual fiber tract and the pyramidal tract showed a statistically significant difference between the blind patients and the control group nor did the absolute values of the relative anisotropy in the pyramidal tract and the visual fiber tract. There was no axonal degeneration of the optic radiation in late onset acquired blindness. With the optic pathways remaining intact, transmitting electric signals of retinal implants to the visual regions of the human brain seems to be possible even after decades of acquired blindness.     

射野区域的剂量验证研究

目的:实现射野区域剂量分布Gamma（[γ]）通过率的计算,对治疗传输的准确性进行评估。方法:从Oncentra Masterplan治疗计划系统中随机提取6位完全匿名患者的调强放射治疗验证计划,导出DICOM格式的验证计划并利用Matlab软件重建多叶准直器区域和剂量。然后将验证计划移植到MatriXX模体并测量剂量分布。用Matlab代码对验证计划剂量分布和模体测量的绝对剂量分布进行分析。结果:传统方法[γ]通过率受计算区域选择影响较大,而以射野区域作为计算区域则避免了这个问题,两种方法计算得到的[γ]通过率有统计学差异（[P]<0.05）。结论:射野区域的剂量验证避免了[Dn]值对[γ]通过率的影响,而且对射野区域利用剂量面积直方图分析其剂量特性,有利于评估治疗计划系统临床治疗的准确性和指导临床工作。     

Methods and normal ranges for predicting diseases]

Predictions of diseases require suitable laboratory tests, mathematical methods for analyzing data and true normal ranges. Normal ranges are to be defined as 95% range of test results obtained on healthy subjects. "Healthy" subjects here refers to the persons who are free of the particular disease now and previously. However, to confirm the disease-free condition, laboratory test result must be evaluated on the basis of a normal range. This is a dilemma. The only way to overcome this problem is to follow a cohort for 10 or 20 years. Some of the "healthy" subjects will be suffering from diseases, while the others will still remain free of disease. That the latter persons would be the truly "healthy" subjects. Therefore, by their laboratory data and/or specimens such as serum every year we can determine the differences between the laboratory data of the patients and the true healthy subjects. In this respect, the development of laboratory database systems and serum banks are essential. We report a mathematical method for selecting significant data items for such a database and decision-making.