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1.
Yuki Nishimura-Sakurai Naoya Sakamoto Kaoru Mogushi Satoshi Nagaie Mina Nakagawa Yasuhiro Itsui Megumi Tasaka-Fujita Yuko Onuki-Karakama Goki Suda Kako Mishima Machi Yamamoto Mayumi Ueyama Yusuke Funaoka Takako Watanabe Seishin Azuma Yuko Sekine-Osajima Sei Kakinuma Kiichiro Tsuchiya Nobuyuki Enomoto Hiroshi Tanaka Mamoru Watanabe 《Journal of gastroenterology》2010,45(5):523-536
Background
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication is affected by several host factors. Here, we screened host genes and molecular pathways that are involved in HCV replication by comprehensive analyses using two genotypes of HCV replicon-expressing cells, their cured cells and naïve Huh7 cells.Methods
Huh7 cell lines that stably expressed HCV genotype 1b or 2a replicon were used. The cured cells were established by treating HCV replicon cells with interferon-alpha. Expression of 54,675 cellular genes was analyzed by GeneChip DNA microarray. The data were analyzed by using the KEGG Pathway database.Results
Hierarchical clustering analysis showed that the gene-expression profiles of each cell group constituted clear clusters of naïve, HCV replicon-expressed, and cured cell lines. The pathway process analysis between the replicon-expressing and the cured cell lines identified significantly altered pathways, including MAPK, steroid biosynthesis and TGF-beta signaling pathways, suggesting that these pathways were affected directly by HCV replication. Comparison of cured and naïve Huh7 cells identified pathways, including steroid biosynthesis and sphingolipid metabolism, suggesting that these pathways were required for efficient HCV replication. Cytoplasmic lipid droplets were obviously increased in replicon-expressing and cured cells as compared to naïve cells. HCV replication was significantly suppressed by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-alpha agonists but augmented by PPAR-gamma agonists.Conclusion
Comprehensive gene expression and pathway analyses show that lipid biosynthesis pathways are crucial to support proficient virus replication. These metabolic pathways could constitute novel antiviral targets against HCV. 相似文献2.
Takeshita S Ichikawa T Taura N Miyaaki H Matsuzaki T Otani M Muraoka T Akiyama M Miuma S Ozawa E Ikeda M Kato N Isomoto H Takeshima F Nakao K 《Journal of gastroenterology》2012,47(2):195-202
Background
Geranylgeranylacetone (GGA), an isoprenoid compound which includes retinoids, has been used orally as an anti-ulcer drug in Japan. GGA acts as a potent inducer of anti-viral gene expression by stimulating ISGF3 formation in human hepatoma cells. This drug has few side effects and reinforces the effect of IFN when administered in combination with peg-IFN and ribavirin. This study verified the anti-HCV activity of GGA in a replicon system. In addition, mechanisms of anti-HCV activity were examined in the replicon cells.Methods
OR6 cells stably harboring the full-length genotype 1 replicon containing the Renilla luciferase gene, ORN/C-5B/KE, were used to examine the influence of the anti-HCV effect of GGA. After treatment, the cells were harvested with Renilla lysis reagent and then subjected to a luciferase assay according to the manufacturer??s protocol.Result
The results showed that GGA had anti-HCV activity. GGA induced anti-HCV replicon activity in a time- and dose-dependent manner. GGA did not activate the tyrosine 701 and serine 727 on STAT-1, and did not induce HSP-70 in OR6 cells. The anti-HCV effect depended on the GGA induced mTOR activity, not STAT-1 activity and PKR. An additive effect was observed with a combination of IFN and GGA.Conclusions
GGA has mTOR dependent anti-HCV activity. There is a possibility that the GGA anti-HCV activity can be complimented by IFN. It will be necessary to examine the clinical effectiveness of the combination of GGA and IFN for HCV patients in the future. 相似文献3.
Jian-Wu Yu Li-Jie Sun Yong-Hua Zhao Peng Kang Bing-Zhu Yan 《Hepatology International》2013,7(2):524-532
Background and objective
Glucose metabolism disorders including insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes are frequent and important cofactors of chronic hepatitis C (CHC). Silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) plays a key role in the regulation of hepatic glucose metabolism. We investigated the possible effect of HCV replication on glucose metabolism of hepatocytes and expression of SIRT1 using Huh-7.5 cells harboring the HCV replicon.Methods
The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and value of NAD+/NADH and ATP/ADP were detected. Glucose uptake by hepatocytes and glucose production were measured. The activity and expression levels of SIRT1 and expression of its downstream glucose-metabolism genes were measured.Results
In replicon cells, the level of ROS increased and the value of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)/NADH decreased, then the activity and expression level of mRNA and protein of SIRT1 decreased. Inhibition of SIRT1 not only increased insulin receptor substrate-1 phosphorylation and decreased Akt phosphorylation, inhibited cell surface expression of glucose transporter 2 and suppressed cellular glucose uptake, but it also decreased phosphorylation of forkhead box O1, then upregulated phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and glucose 6-phosphatase genes and downregulated the glucokinase gene, thus promoting glucose production. Interferon treatment restored the aforementioned changes. SIRT1 activator improved glucose metabolism disorders by an increase in glucose uptake and a decrease in glucose production, and it inhibited HCV replication.Conclusions
HCV replication decreasing the NAD+/NADH ratio may downregulate the activity and expression of SIRT1, then change the expression profile of glucose metabolism-related genes, thereby causing glucose metabolism disorders of hepatocytes and promoting HCV replication. Treatment with SIRT1 activator improves glucose metabolic disorders and inhibits HCV replication, suggesting that restoration of SIRT1 activity may be a promising new therapeutic approach for CHC patients with IR. 相似文献4.
Patrice Cacoub Olivier Lidove Thierry Maisonobe Pierre Duhaut Vincent Thibault Pascale Ghillani Robert P. Myers Jean Marc Leger Jrme Servan Jean‐Charles Piette 《Arthritis \u0026amp; Rheumatology》2002,46(12):3317-3326
Objective
Hepatitis C virus (HCV)–related vasculitis may involve multiple organs, including the skin, kidneys, and nervous system, and may be life‐threatening. Although HCV is increasingly recognized as a cause of systemic vasculitis, limited data are available regarding the optimal treatment of this potentially serious condition. Therefore, we retrospectively analyzed the response to treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis C complicated by systemic vasculitis who had received antiviral therapy with interferon‐α (IFNα) and ribavirin.Methods
This retrospective study included 27 patients with systemic vasculitis and chronic HCV infection. Each patient had received treatment with IFNα and ribavirin for at least 6 months. The response to antiviral treatment was analyzed by comparing clinical, immunologic, and virologic data at the time of entry and during followup. Clinical response was defined according to the evolution of weight, arthralgia, nervous system, renal system, and cutaneous involvement. The virologic and immunologic responses were defined by the absence of HCV RNA and the absence of cryoglobulinemia, respectively, both 6 months after stopping antiviral therapy and at the end of followup.Results
Patients received IFNα for a mean ± SD of 20 ± 14 months and ribavirin (at a mean ± SD dosage of 895 ± 250 mg/day) for 14 ± 12 months. Other treatments included low‐dose corticosteroids and plasma exchange. After a mean ± SD followup of 57 ± 29 months, 25 of 27 patients are alive and are being followed up as outpatients. Because of the heterogeneity of anti‐HCV treatments received, the main results were stratified according to patients with 6 months of followup after stopping antiviral treatment (group 1, n = 14) and those who were still undergoing antiviral therapy at the time of analysis (group 2, n = 13). Nine patients in group 1 had a sustained virologic response and were clinical and immunologic complete responders. Four patients in group 1 were virologic nonresponders, and 3 of these patients had partial clinical and immunologic responses. Overall, 10 patients in group 1 had a complete clinical and immunologic response of their vasculitis (all 9 of the sustained virologic responders and 1 of the 5 patients who remained viremic). At the end of followup, 7 patients in group 2 were negative for HCV RNA; 6 were complete clinical responders. Among the other 6 patients in group 2, who had persistent viremia, 4 had a partial clinical response. Among the patients in group 1, HCV RNA was more often undetectable and genotype 1 was less frequent in complete clinical responders compared with partial/nonresponders. Age, sex, clinical vasculitic involvement, mean duration or total cumulative dose of IFNα or ribavirin, and use of steroids or plasmapheresis did not differ significantly according to clinical response.Conclusion
Treatment with IFNα and ribavirin can achieve a complete clinical response in most patients with HCV‐related systemic vasculitis. Complete clinical response correlates with the eradication of HCV.5.
Mauricio Garcia-Saenz-de-Sicilia Marco A. Olivera-Martinez Wendy J. Grant David F. Mercer Chen Baojjang Alan Langnas Timothy McCashland 《Digestive diseases and sciences》2014,59(11):2804-2812
Background
Induction immunosuppression with anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) provides potential benefits after liver transplantation (LT). However, its use in patients with LT and hepatitis C (HCV) is controversial.Aim
To evaluate the 1- and 2-year patient survival and HCV recurrence rate in patients receiving ATG during the induction phase of immunosuppression (IPI) after LT.Methods
A total of 49 patients undergoing their first LT for HCV were randomized to receive ATG during IPI. Patient survival and HCV recurrence were determined at 1 and 2 years. The frequency of acute cellular rejection (ACR), infections, and neoplasms was also evaluated.Results
Twenty-six patients were randomized to receive ATG (Arm-1) and 23 to standard induction therapy (Arm-2). Those given ATG had lower HCV recurrence (26.9 vs 73.9 %, p = 0.001). The 1- and 2-year patient survival rates were similar for both arms (p = 0.33). Infections occurred in 46.1 % subjects in Arm-1 and 34.7 % in Arm-2 (p = 0.562). There was a greater proportion of fungal infections in Arm-1 (19.2 vs 0 %, p = 0.032).Conclusions
ATG during the IPI was associated with lower frequency of recurrence of HCV in patients undergoing LT. This, however, did not affect the 1- and 2-year survival and the frequency of ACR, infections, or neoplasms. 相似文献6.
Anna Ruggieri Marina Franco Ilaria Gatto Ajit Kumar Maria Rapicetta 《BMC gastroenterology》2007,7(1):1-10
Background
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with high percentage of chronicity which implies the ability of the virus to evade or modulate host cell immune system. Modulation of chemokines, such as RANTES may be part of the virus induced pathogenicity. We examined the effect of core and structural proteins of HCV on RANTES expression in two liver derived cell lines, HepG2 and Chang Liver (CHL).Methods
HepG2 and Chang Liver (CHL) cell lines were established and selected for constitutive expression of HCV core and structural genes. Flow cytometry and quantitative RT-PCR analysis were performed to examine the effect of HCV core protein on RANTES expression. Luciferase analysis after RANTES-Luc-promoter transfection of established cell lines was assayed by luminometer measurements (RLU) of RANTES promoter activity. IRF-1 and IRF-7 expression was then examined by immunoblotting analysis.Results
Results of flow cytometry and RT-PCR analysis indicated that RANTES is differentially regulated by HCV core protein in the two cell lines examined as its expression was inhibited in HepG2 cells, by a reduction of RANTES promoter activity. Conversely, RANTES protein and mRNA were induced by the core protein in CHL cells, through the induction of the promoter. Since HCV genome modulates IRF-1 and IRF-7 in replicon system and IRF-1, IRF-3 and IRF-7 have been reported to regulate RANTES promoter in various cell systems, analysis of the mechanism underlying RANTES modulation by the core protein revealed that IRF-1 expression was induced in HepG2 cells by the core protein, whereas in CHL cells it was expressed at a very low level that was not influenced by transfection with the core protein construct. This suggested that IRF-1 level may mediate the expression of RANTES in cell lines of liver origin. The effect of the core protein on RANTES promoter was countered by co-transfection with NF90, a double-stranded-RNA binding protein that activates some interferon response genes and acts as a component of cell defense against viral infection.Conclusion
HCV core protein have opposite effects on the expression of RANTES in different cell types in vitro, possibly reflecting a similar scenario in different microenvironments in vivo. 相似文献7.
Yasuteru Kondo Yoshiyuki Ueno Eiji Kakazu Koju Kobayashi Masaaki Shiina Keiichi Tamai Keigo Machida Jun Inoue Yuta Wakui Koji Fukushima Noriyuki Obara Osamu Kimura Tooru Shimosegawa 《Journal of gastroenterology》2011,46(2):232-241
Background
Lymphotropic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection of B and T cells might play an important role in the pathogenesis of hepatitis C. Recently, we showed that a lymphotropic HCV (SB strain) could infect established T-cell lines and B-cell lines. However, whether HCV replication interferes with cell proliferation and function in primary T lymphocytes is still unclear.Aim
The aim of this study was to analyze whether HCV replication in primary T lymphocytes affected their development, proliferation, and Th1 commitment.Methods
SB strain cell culture supernatant (2?×?104?copies/ml HCV) was used to infect several kinds of primary lymphocyte subsets. Mock, UV-irradiated SB-HCV, JFH-1 strain, and JFH-1 NS5B mutant, which could not replicate in T cells, were included as negative controls. Carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) and CD45RA double staining was used to evaluate the proliferative activity of CD4+CD45RA+CD45RO? na?ve CD4+ cells. Interferon (IFN)-?? and interleukin (IL)-10 secretion assays magnetic cell sorting (MACS) were carried out.Results
Negative strand HCV RNA was detected in CD4+, CD14+, and CD19+ cells. Among CD4+ cells, CD4+CD45RA+RO? cells (na?ve CD4+ cells) were most susceptible to replication of the SB strain. The levels of CFSE and CD45RA expression gradually declined during cell division in uninfected cells, while HCV-infected na?ve CD4+ cells expressed higher levels of CFSE and CD45RA than Mock or UV-SB infected na?ve CD4+ cells. Moreover, the production of IFN-?? was significantly suppressed in SB-infected na?ve CD4+ cells.Conclusions
Lymphotropic HCV replication suppressed proliferation and development, including that towards Th1 commitment, in human primary na?ve CD4+ cells. 相似文献8.
Quan W Hur KY Lim Y Oh SH Lee JC Kim KH Kim GH Kim SW Kim HL Lee MK Kim KW Kim J Komatsu M Lee MS 《Diabetologia》2012,55(2):392-403
Aims/hypothesis
The unfolded protein response (UPR) in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and autophagy are known to be related. We investigated the role of autophagy in UPR of pancreatic beta cells and the susceptibility of autophagy-deficient beta cells to the ER stress that is implicated in the development of diabetes.Methods
Rat insulin promoter (RIP)-Cre +;autophagy-related 7 (Atg7)F/W mice were bred with ob/w mice to derive RIP-Cre +;Atg7 F/F-ob/ob mice and to induce ER stress in vivo. GFP-LC3 +-ob/ob mice were generated to examine in vivo autophagic activity. Real-time RT-PCR was performed to study the expression of the genes of the UPR machinery. Proteolysis was assessed by determining release of incorporated radioactive leucine.Results
Production of UPR machinery was reduced in autophagy-deficient beta cells, which was associated with diminished production of p85?? and p85?? regulatory subunits of phosphoinositide 3-kinase. Because of compromised UPR machinery, autophagy-deficient beta cells were susceptible to ER stressors in vitro. When mice with beta cell-specific autophagy deficiency, which have mild hyperglycaemia, were bred with ob/ob mice to induce ER stress in vivo, severe diabetes developed, which was accompanied by an increase in beta cell death and accumulation of reactive oxygen species. The increased demand for UPR present in obesity was unmet in autophagy-deficient beta cells. Autophagy level and autophagic activity were enhanced by lipid, while proteolysis was reduced.Conclusions/interpretation
These results suggest that autophagy is important for intact UPR machinery and appropriate UPR in response to lipid injury that increases demand for UPR. Autophagy deficiency in pancreatic beta cells may contribute to the progression from obesity to diabetes. 相似文献9.
Manabu Kaneko Hiroaki Nozawa Masaya Hiyoshi Noriko Tada Koji Murono Takako Nirei Shigenobu Emoto Junko Kishikawa Yuuki Iida Eiji Sunami Nelson H. Tsuno Joji Kitayama Koki Takahashi Toshiaki Watanabe 《Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology》2014,140(5):769-781
Purpose
Temsirolimus (TEM) is a novel, water-soluble mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor that has shown activity against a wide range of cancers in preclinical models, but its efficacy against colorectal cancer (CRC) has not been fully explored.Methods
We evaluated the antitumor effect of TEM in CRC cell lines (CaR-1, HT-29, Colon26) in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, cell growth inhibition was assessed using a MTS assay. Apoptosis induction and cell cycle effects were measured using flow cytometry. Modulation of mTOR signaling was measured using immunoblotting. Antitumor activity as a single agent was evaluated in a mouse subcutaneous tumor model of CRC. The effects of adding chloroquine, an autophagy inhibitor, to TEM were evaluated in vitro and in vivo.Results
In vitro, TEM was effective in inhibiting the growth of two CRC cell lines with highly activated AKT, possibly through the induction of G1 cell cycle arrest via a reduction in cyclin D1 expression, whereas TEM reduced HIF-1α and VEGF in all three cell lines. In a mouse subcutaneous tumor model, TEM inhibited the growth of tumors in all cell lines, not only through direct growth inhibition but also via an anti-angiogenic effect. We also explored the effects of adding chloroquine, an autophagy inhibitor, to TEM. Chloroquine significantly potentiated the antitumor activity of TEM in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, the combination therapy triggered enhanced apoptosis, which corresponded to an increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio.Conclusions
Based on these data, we propose TEM with or without chloroquine as a new treatment option for CRC. 相似文献10.
Gemma L. Pearson Natalie Mellett Kwan Yi Chu James Cantley Aimee Davenport Pauline Bourbon Casey C. Cosner Paul Helquist Peter J. Meikle Trevor J. Biden 《Diabetologia》2014,57(1):129-139
Aims/hypothesis
Lipolytic breakdown of endogenous lipid pools in pancreatic beta cells contributes to glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) and is thought to be mediated by acute activation of neutral lipases in the amplification pathway. Recently it has been shown in other cell types that endogenous lipid can be metabolised by autophagy, and this lipophagy is catalysed by lysosomal acid lipase (LAL). This study aimed to elucidate a role for LAL and lipophagy in pancreatic beta cells.Methods
We employed pharmacological and/or genetic inhibition of autophagy and LAL in MIN6 cells and primary islets. Insulin secretion following inhibition was measured using RIA. Lipid accumulation was assessed by MS and confocal microscopy (to visualise lipid droplets) and autophagic flux was analysed by western blot.Results
Insulin secretion was increased following chronic (≥8 h) inhibition of LAL. This was more pronounced with glucose than with non-nutrient stimuli and was accompanied by augmentation of neutral lipid species. Similarly, following inhibition of autophagy in MIN6 cells, the number of lipid droplets was increased and GSIS was potentiated. Inhibition of LAL or autophagy in primary islets also increased insulin secretion. This augmentation of GSIS following LAL or autophagy inhibition was dependent on the acute activation of neutral lipases.Conclusions/interpretation
Our data suggest that lysosomal lipid degradation, using LAL and potentially lipophagy, contributes to neutral lipid turnover in beta cells. It also serves as a constitutive negative regulator of GSIS by depletion of substrate for the non-lysosomal neutral lipases that are activated acutely by glucose. 相似文献11.
Caroline Palmeira-dos-Santos Gustavo J. S. Pereira Christiano M. V. Barbosa Aron Jurkiewicz Soraya S. Smaili Claudia Bincoletto 《Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology》2014,140(6):909-920
Background
As the molecular mechanisms of Cytarabine, one of the most important drugs used in the leukaemia’s treatment, are only partially understood and the role of autophagy on leukaemia development and treatment is only recently being investigated, in this study, by using Chloroquine (CQ) and 3-methyladenine (3MA) as autophagy inhibitors, we aim to evaluate the contribution of an autophagic mechanism to Cytarabine (AraC)-induced death of HL60 leukaemia cells.Methods
Trypan blue exclusion and AnnexinV/PI assays were used to evaluate HL60 cell death under AraC treatment in the presence or absence of 3MA and CQ. Western blotting and immunofluorescence experiments were performed to show the involvement of apoptosis and autophagy protein expressions. Phenotypic characterization of HL60-treated cells was performed by using immunophenotyping. Clonogenic assays were applied to analyse clonal function of HL60-treated cells.Results
We observed that although autophagy inhibition by 3MA, but not CQ, increased the death of HL60 AraC cells after 24 h of treatment, no significant differences between AraC and AraC + 3MA-treated groups were observed by using clonogenic assay. In addition, increased number of immature (CD34+/CD38?Lin?/low) HL60 cells was found in AraC and AraC-3MA groups when compared with control untreated cells.Conclusions
Although AraC anti-leukaemia effects could be potentiated by 3MA autophagy inhibition after 24 h of exposure, leukaemia cell resistance, the main causes of treatment failure, is also promoted by autophagy initial stage impairment by 3MA, denoting the complex role of autophagy in leukaemia cells’ response to chemotherapy. 相似文献12.
13.
Inhibition of hepatitis C virus infection and expression in vitro and in vivo by recombinant adenovirus expressing short hairpin RNA 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Sakamoto N Tanabe Y Yokota T Satoh K Sekine-Osajima Y Nakagawa M Itsui Y Tasaka M Sakurai Y Cheng-Hsin C Yano M Ohkoshi S Aoyagi Y Maekawa S Enomoto N Kohara M Watanabe M 《Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology》2008,23(9):1437-1447
Background and Aim: We have reported previously that synthetic small interfering RNA (siRNA) and DNA-based siRNA expression vectors efficiently and specifically suppress hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication in vitro . In this study, we investigated the effects of the siRNA targeting HCV-RNA in vivo .
Methods: We constructed recombinant retrovirus and adenovirus expressing short hairpin RNA (shRNA), and transfected into replicon-expressing cells in vitro and transgenic mice in vivo .
Results: Retroviral transduction of Huh7 cells to express shRNA and subsequent transfection of an HCV replicon into the cells showed that the cells had acquired resistance to HCV replication. Infection of cells expressing the HCV replicon with an adenovirus expressing shRNA resulted in efficient vector delivery and expression of shRNA, leading to suppression of the replicon in the cells by ∼10−3 . Intravenous delivery of the adenovirus expressing shRNA into transgenic mice that can be induced to express HCV structural proteins by the Cre/ lox P switching system resulted in specific suppression of virus protein synthesis in the liver.
Conclusion: Taken together, our results support the feasibility of utilizing gene targeting therapy based on siRNA and/or shRNA expression to counteract HCV replication, which might prove valuable in the treatment of hepatitis C. 相似文献
Methods: We constructed recombinant retrovirus and adenovirus expressing short hairpin RNA (shRNA), and transfected into replicon-expressing cells in vitro and transgenic mice in vivo .
Results: Retroviral transduction of Huh7 cells to express shRNA and subsequent transfection of an HCV replicon into the cells showed that the cells had acquired resistance to HCV replication. Infection of cells expressing the HCV replicon with an adenovirus expressing shRNA resulted in efficient vector delivery and expression of shRNA, leading to suppression of the replicon in the cells by ∼10
Conclusion: Taken together, our results support the feasibility of utilizing gene targeting therapy based on siRNA and/or shRNA expression to counteract HCV replication, which might prove valuable in the treatment of hepatitis C. 相似文献
14.
Soji Shimomura Naoto Ikeda Masaki Saito Akio Ishii Tomoyuki Takashima Yoshiyuki Sakai Shohei Yoshikawa Nobuhiro Aizawa Hironori Tanaka Yoshinori Iwata Hirayuki Enomoto Hiroyasu Imanishi Teruhisa Yamamoto Hisato Jomura Hideji Nakamura Hiroko Iijima Shuhei Nishiguchi 《Hepatology International》2011,5(1):559-566
Purpose
This study investigates the usefulness of long-term interferon (IFN) therapy following radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for HCV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods
This is a retrospective observational study. Patients underwent pegylated IFN-α/ribavirin combination therapy for 48 weeks and then were maintained on IFN-α administration on average for 68 weeks (mean total duration 116 weeks). Patients who underwent IFN monotherapy were maintained on IFN administration on average for 78 weeks.Results
There were biases in the background factors between the IFN and non-IFN groups. Therefore, a covariate adjustment was performed using the propensity score. An analysis of 20-matched patients from each group showed the 5-year cumulative survival rate was higher in the IFN group than in the non-IFN group (100 and 76%, respectively), and the 3-year cumulative recurrence rate was significantly lower in the IFN group than in the non-IFN group (38.0 and 64.2%, respectively). In 14 patients (i.e., IFN responders), the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level remained normalized at 30 IU/mL or lower, regardless of disappearance of serum HCV RNA. In these patients, the cumulative recurrence rate was low, the hazard ratio was 0.158 (95% confidence interval = 0.045–0.561, P = 0.004), and the serum albumin level was retained.Conclusion
These results show the importance of maintaining the liver function and suggest that long-term IFN administration after RFA inhibits recurrence and contributes to an improved outcome in patients (in particular, IFN responders) who initially develop HCC. 相似文献15.
Background:
Macrophages play critical roles in innate immune response in the liver. Whether macrophages participate in liver innate immunity against HCV replication is poorly understoodObjectives:
The aim of this study was to investigate the role of macrophages in liver innate immunity against HCV replication.Materials and Methods:
Freshly isolated monocytes were purified from peripheral blood of healthy adult donors. Macrophages refer to 7-day-cultured monocytes in vitro. A hepatoma cell line (Huh7) was infected with HCV JFH-1 to generate in vitro HCV infectious system. RT-PCR was used to determine HCV RNA and mRNA levels of genes expression. ELISA was used to measure the protein level of interferon-α (IFN-α) and western blot was used to determine protein expression level of Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3).Results:
HCV dsRNA induced the expression of type I IFN (IFN-α/β) in monocyte-derived macrophages. HCV dsRNA also induced the expression of TLR3 and IFN regulatory factor-7 (IRF-7), the key regulators of the IFN signaling pathway. When HCV JFH-1-infected Huh7 cells were co-cultured with macrophages activated with HCV dsRNA or incubated in media conditioned with supernatant (SN) from HCV dsRNA-activated macrophages, HCV replication was significantly suppressed. This macrophage SN action on HCV inhibition was mediated through type I IFN, which was evidenced by the observation that antibody to type I IFN receptor could neutralize the macrophages-mediated anti-HCV effect. The role of type I IFN in macrophages-mediated anti-HCV activity is further supported by the observation that HCV dsRNA-activated macrophages SN treatment induced the expression of several IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs), ISG15, ISG56, OAS-1, OAS-2, MxA and Viperin in HCV-infected Huh7 cells.Conclusions:
Macrophages may play an important role in liver innate immunity against HCV replication through a type I IFN-dependent mechanism. 相似文献16.
17.
18.
Shivakumar Narayanan Kerry Townsend Thomas Macharia Adrian Majid Amy Nelson Robert R. Redfield Shyam Kottilil Rohit Talwani Anu Osinusi 《Hepatology International》2014,8(4):560-566
Background
Triple therapy for the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) with first-generation directly acting antiviral agents, the non-structural serine protease inhibitors boceprevir (BOC) and telaprevir have resulted in improved sustained virologic response (SVR) rates. However, a high incidence of adverse events (AEs), high pill burdens and drug interactions remain significant barriers to successful completion of therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the AEs observed with BOC triple therapy in comparison to IFN-free sofosbuvir/ribavirin (SOF/RBV) therapy in HCV monoinfected, genotype-1 (GT-1) individuals.Methods
We retrospectively evaluated HCV monoinfected, treatment-naïve or -experienced, GT-1 individuals treated with either BOC/IFN/RBV at the Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore (n = 97) or SOF/RBV in the NIAID SPARE clinical trial (n = 60). AEs, namely hematologic (hemoglobin, neutrophil and platelet counts), hepatic (alanine transaminase or bilirubin) and renal (eGFR), were measured according to the DAIDS toxicity table (version 1.0).Results
BOC/IFN/RBV was associated with significantly more AEs, most commonly neutropenia, anemia and thrombocytopenia. In the SOF/RBV cohort, five (8 %) patients discontinued treatment early, but none (0 %) were because of AEs, while 60 (62 %) patients on triple therapy discontinued treatment early, 34 (57 %) because of AEs. SVR24 rates were 68 versus 34 % with SOF/RBV versus BOC/IFN/RBV.Conclusions
SOF/RBV treatment was associated with fewer side effects than BOC-based triple therapy, appearing to be a safer and more tolerable alternative for HCV GT-1 subjects. These results show that emerging IFN-free therapies may enhance patient adherence, allowing treatment of larger number of patients with improved efficacy. 相似文献19.
20.
Hiramatsu N Inoue Y Oze T Kurashige N Yakushijin T Mochizuki K Miyagi T Tatsumi T Kiso S Kanto T Kasahara A Takehara T Oshita M Mita E Hagiwara H Inui Y Katayama K Tamura S Yoshihara H Imai Y Hayashi N 《Journal of gastroenterology》2011,46(11):1335-1343