人类免疫缺陷病毒感染的心血管损害

人类免疫缺陷病毒感染的心血管损害四川石油管理局总医院苏代泉综述成都市心血管病研究所刘运德审校随着人类免疫缺陷病毒（ＨＩＶ）感染及艾滋病（ＡＩＤＳ）发生率的上升，它们引起的心脏并发症发生率也在增加。ＨＩＶ感染的特征是严重免疫抑制促使患者发生多发性机会性...     

人类免疫缺陷病毒感染的肾脏病理

人类免疫缺陷病毒感染造成的肾实质损害分为四组临床病理症侯群：①伴水电解质紊乱的急性肾小管功能不全；②由于感染、肾毒性药物、溶血性尿毒症综合征（ｈｅｍｏｌｙｔｉｃｕｒｅｍｉｃｓｙｎｄｒｏｍｅ，ＨＵＳ）、栓塞性血小板减少性紫癜（ｔｈｒｏｍｂｏｔｉｃｔｈｒ...     

结核病合并人类免疫缺陷病毒感染/艾滋病的诊断

人体感染人类免疫缺陷病毒 (ＨＩＶ)后 ,在潜伏期 (平均7～ 8年 ,短的只几个月 )内 ,免疫系统破坏尚不明显 ,感染者一般健康状况较好 ,常无症状。艾滋病 (ＡＩＤＳ)发病是ＨＩＶ感染的晚期阶段 ,此时人体免疫系统 (主要是ＣＤ4 淋巴细胞 )遭到ＨＩＶ的不可逆的严重破坏 ,抵抗结核分支杆菌 (ＭＴＢ)等各种病原微生物的免疫力丧失 ,常并发各种机会感染和恶性肿瘤 ,病情进行性恶化 ,多在 1～ 2年内全身衰竭死亡。结核病是ＨＩＶ/ＡＩＤＳ的最常见和最先发生的机会感染 ,可以是内源性复发 ,也可由外源性感染引起。ＨＩＶ与ＭＴＢ双重感染 ,无论…     

结核病合并人类免疫缺陷病毒感染/艾滋病的流行病学

结核病与人类免疫缺陷病毒感染 /艾滋病 (ＨＩＶ/ＡＩＤＳ)是相互促进病变进展、恶化、迅速导致患者死亡的伴发病。目前 ,全球 6 0亿人口中有 1/ 3感染结核分支杆菌 (ＭＴＢ) ,现有结核病患者 2 0 0 0万 ,每年新发患者 180 0万 ,每年因结核病死亡者达 30 0万。而ＨＩＶ感染人数 ,1998年底全球估计为334 0万 ,ＡＩＤＳ患者达 2 0 0万。我国结核病疫情严重 ,全国有 5亿以上人口感染ＭＴＢ ,有活动性结核患者 6 0 0万 ,其中传染性肺结核患者 2 0 0万。每年有 113万新发结核患者 ,每年因结核病死亡者达 2 5万 ,是世界上第二个结核病负荷最严重的…     

结核病合并人类免疫缺陷病毒感染/艾滋病的处置

艾滋病 (ＡＩＤＳ)从认识到现在不到 2 0年的时间 ,已遍及六大洲 ,在欧美洲呈流行状态。由于其病死率高 ,被人们称为“超级癌症”或“现代瘟疫”。那么它与结核病之间又存在一种什么样的关系呢 ?人类免疫缺陷病毒 (ＨＩＶ)既然能摧毁人体免疫功能 ,使机体处于严重的免疫缺陷状态 ,完全丧失自卫防御能力 ,因而就有可能导致结核分支杆菌乘机发难 ,导致严重的感染或使原有结核病变进一步扩散。早在 1995年 ,全世界 170 0万ＨＩＶ感染者中约有 1/ 3同时感染了结核分支杆菌 ,其中 70 %生活在撒哈拉南部非洲 ,2 0 %在亚洲 ,8%在拉丁美洲和加勒比地…     

人类免疫缺陷病毒阳性肺结核患者临床分析

目的 提高人类免疫缺陷病毒（ＨＩＶ）阳市肺结核（ＰＴＢ）的认识。方法 对赤道几内亚巴塔医院１９９６年１月～１９９９年１１月确诊的１６８例ＨＩＶ阳性ＰＴＢ进行分析。结果 ＨＩＶ在ＰＴＢ患的感染率由１９９６年的１１．４％升至１９９９年的２２．７％。患多急骤起病（９４．６％）,以近期消瘦（８２．１％）、全身关节酸痛（７８．６％）、皮肤瘙痒（４２．９％）、慢性腹泻（２３．２％）、浅表淋巴结肿大（２０．     

人类免疫缺陷病毒相关性肾病

人类免疫缺陷病毒相关性肾病美国Ｃｏｌｏｒａｄｏ大学医学院病理科（Ｄｅｎｖｅｒ，ＣＯ８０２６２）＊西安医科大学第二附属医院肾内科（西安，７１０００４）朱建民程秦娣＊关键词免疫缺陷病人类免疫缺陷病毒相关性肾病海洛因中图法分类号Ｒ５９３．３，Ｒ６９２自１９...     

北京地区人类免疫缺陷病毒感染者合并乙型肝炎病毒感染的流行病学特征及影响因素分析

目的:分析北京市人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染者/艾滋病（AIDS）患者合并乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染的流行病学特征,并探索影响合并感染的相关因素。方法:对北京地区HIV/AIDS定点治疗医院（北京协和医院、北京地坛医院、北京佑安医院）长期随访的接受抗反转录病毒治疗（ART）的13 253例HIV感染者临床资料进行回顾...     

获得性免疫缺陷综合征患者胃黏膜组织人类免疫缺陷病毒感染分析

目的 探讨获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)患者胃黏膜组织中人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染的分布、数量及高效抗逆转录病毒治疗(HAART)前、后的变化.方法 选取伴有消化道症状的AIDS患者35例,对照组为HIV-1阴性者10例,均进行胃镜检查.PCR法制备地高辛标记HIV-1 LTR、gag基因的双链cDNA探针,对胃黏膜组织冰冻切片采取核酸原位杂交法观察HIV感染情况,并与外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)涂片对比.结果 ①AIDS患者胃镜下多表现为不同程度的慢性浅表性胃炎(CSG)和慢性萎缩性胃炎(CAG),AIDS患者临床消化道症状、胃镜下表现及病理结果未见明显特征性.②AIDS患者胃黏膜组织内HIV阳性显色多见于单个核细胞(MMC)中,胃黏膜上皮、腺上皮细胞和问质细胞中亦有阳性杂交信号.③胃窦黏膜组织与胃体黏膜组织HIV阳性率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).④AIDS患者胃黏膜HIV阳性率为(1.97±3.25)%,AIDS未治疗组与HAART治疗组各组间胃窦和胃体部HIV阳性率差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05).PBMC中HIV总阳性细胞率为(12.38±9.17)%;AIDS未治疗组PBMC中HIV阳性细胞率为(19.37±9.23)%,AIDS治疗1～4年组为(4.25±3.47)%,两组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 胃黏膜是HIV感染的靶部位之一,HAART治疗对AIDS患者胃黏膜感染收效甚微.     

获得性免疫缺陷综合征患者胃黏膜组织人类免疫缺陷病毒感染分析

Objective To investigate the distribution and amount of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in gastric mucosa from untreated acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) treated patients.Methods Thirty-five AIDS patients (14 untreated patients and 21 patients receiving HAART) and 10 HIV-1 seronegative patients with gastrointestinal symptoms were enrolled and examined by upper endoscopy.The labeled HIV-1 double-stranded cDNA probe was a PCR product corresponding to the LTR and gag gene of the HIV-1 genome.HIV in gastric mucosal tissues from AIDS patients was detected using in situ hybridization (ISH) and compared with that in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).Results ① No obvious character was found in gastrointestinal symptoms,endoscopy examination and pathology results of AIDS patients.② The expression of HIV gene was mainly detected in the gastric mucosal mononuclear cell (MMC).Other cells were also observed with HIV expression including mucosal epithelial cells,gland epithelial cells and interstitial cells.③There was no difference in HIV expression between sinus ventriculi and gastric body.④ HIV gene expression from AIDS patients was (1.97±3.25)% in gastric mucosa,no difference in HIV gene expression between two groups (P＞0.05).⑤ HIV gene expression in PBMC smear from AIDS patients was (12.38 ± 9.17)%.HIV expreesion in PBMC from patients who had received HAART for 1-4 years were markedly lower than that from patients who had not received HAART (P＜0.05).Conclusions The gastric mueosa is one of HIV infected sites.The potential effect of HAART on the decrease of HIV infected cells in gastric mucosa was unsatisfactory.     

获得性免疫缺陷综合征患者胃黏膜组织人类免疫缺陷病毒感染分析

Objective To investigate the distribution and amount of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in gastric mucosa from untreated acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) treated patients.Methods Thirty-five AIDS patients (14 untreated patients and 21 patients receiving HAART) and 10 HIV-1 seronegative patients with gastrointestinal symptoms were enrolled and examined by upper endoscopy.The labeled HIV-1 double-stranded cDNA probe was a PCR product corresponding to the LTR and gag gene of the HIV-1 genome.HIV in gastric mucosal tissues from AIDS patients was detected using in situ hybridization (ISH) and compared with that in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).Results ① No obvious character was found in gastrointestinal symptoms,endoscopy examination and pathology results of AIDS patients.② The expression of HIV gene was mainly detected in the gastric mucosal mononuclear cell (MMC).Other cells were also observed with HIV expression including mucosal epithelial cells,gland epithelial cells and interstitial cells.③There was no difference in HIV expression between sinus ventriculi and gastric body.④ HIV gene expression from AIDS patients was (1.97±3.25)% in gastric mucosa,no difference in HIV gene expression between two groups (P＞0.05).⑤ HIV gene expression in PBMC smear from AIDS patients was (12.38 ± 9.17)%.HIV expreesion in PBMC from patients who had received HAART for 1-4 years were markedly lower than that from patients who had not received HAART (P＜0.05).Conclusions The gastric mueosa is one of HIV infected sites.The potential effect of HAART on the decrease of HIV infected cells in gastric mucosa was unsatisfactory.     

获得性免疫缺陷综合征患者胃黏膜组织人类免疫缺陷病毒感染分析

Objective To investigate the distribution and amount of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in gastric mucosa from untreated acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) treated patients.Methods Thirty-five AIDS patients (14 untreated patients and 21 patients receiving HAART) and 10 HIV-1 seronegative patients with gastrointestinal symptoms were enrolled and examined by upper endoscopy.The labeled HIV-1 double-stranded cDNA probe was a PCR product corresponding to the LTR and gag gene of the HIV-1 genome.HIV in gastric mucosal tissues from AIDS patients was detected using in situ hybridization (ISH) and compared with that in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).Results ① No obvious character was found in gastrointestinal symptoms,endoscopy examination and pathology results of AIDS patients.② The expression of HIV gene was mainly detected in the gastric mucosal mononuclear cell (MMC).Other cells were also observed with HIV expression including mucosal epithelial cells,gland epithelial cells and interstitial cells.③There was no difference in HIV expression between sinus ventriculi and gastric body.④ HIV gene expression from AIDS patients was (1.97±3.25)% in gastric mucosa,no difference in HIV gene expression between two groups (P＞0.05).⑤ HIV gene expression in PBMC smear from AIDS patients was (12.38 ± 9.17)%.HIV expreesion in PBMC from patients who had received HAART for 1-4 years were markedly lower than that from patients who had not received HAART (P＜0.05).Conclusions The gastric mueosa is one of HIV infected sites.The potential effect of HAART on the decrease of HIV infected cells in gastric mucosa was unsatisfactory.     

获得性免疫缺陷综合征患者胃黏膜组织人类免疫缺陷病毒感染分析

Objective To investigate the distribution and amount of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in gastric mucosa from untreated acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) treated patients.Methods Thirty-five AIDS patients (14 untreated patients and 21 patients receiving HAART) and 10 HIV-1 seronegative patients with gastrointestinal symptoms were enrolled and examined by upper endoscopy.The labeled HIV-1 double-stranded cDNA probe was a PCR product corresponding to the LTR and gag gene of the HIV-1 genome.HIV in gastric mucosal tissues from AIDS patients was detected using in situ hybridization (ISH) and compared with that in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).Results ① No obvious character was found in gastrointestinal symptoms,endoscopy examination and pathology results of AIDS patients.② The expression of HIV gene was mainly detected in the gastric mucosal mononuclear cell (MMC).Other cells were also observed with HIV expression including mucosal epithelial cells,gland epithelial cells and interstitial cells.③There was no difference in HIV expression between sinus ventriculi and gastric body.④ HIV gene expression from AIDS patients was (1.97±3.25)% in gastric mucosa,no difference in HIV gene expression between two groups (P＞0.05).⑤ HIV gene expression in PBMC smear from AIDS patients was (12.38 ± 9.17)%.HIV expreesion in PBMC from patients who had received HAART for 1-4 years were markedly lower than that from patients who had not received HAART (P＜0.05).Conclusions The gastric mueosa is one of HIV infected sites.The potential effect of HAART on the decrease of HIV infected cells in gastric mucosa was unsatisfactory.     

获得性免疫缺陷综合征患者胃黏膜组织人类免疫缺陷病毒感染分析

Objective To investigate the distribution and amount of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in gastric mucosa from untreated acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) treated patients.Methods Thirty-five AIDS patients (14 untreated patients and 21 patients receiving HAART) and 10 HIV-1 seronegative patients with gastrointestinal symptoms were enrolled and examined by upper endoscopy.The labeled HIV-1 double-stranded cDNA probe was a PCR product corresponding to the LTR and gag gene of the HIV-1 genome.HIV in gastric mucosal tissues from AIDS patients was detected using in situ hybridization (ISH) and compared with that in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).Results ① No obvious character was found in gastrointestinal symptoms,endoscopy examination and pathology results of AIDS patients.② The expression of HIV gene was mainly detected in the gastric mucosal mononuclear cell (MMC).Other cells were also observed with HIV expression including mucosal epithelial cells,gland epithelial cells and interstitial cells.③There was no difference in HIV expression between sinus ventriculi and gastric body.④ HIV gene expression from AIDS patients was (1.97±3.25)% in gastric mucosa,no difference in HIV gene expression between two groups (P＞0.05).⑤ HIV gene expression in PBMC smear from AIDS patients was (12.38 ± 9.17)%.HIV expreesion in PBMC from patients who had received HAART for 1-4 years were markedly lower than that from patients who had not received HAART (P＜0.05).Conclusions The gastric mueosa is one of HIV infected sites.The potential effect of HAART on the decrease of HIV infected cells in gastric mucosa was unsatisfactory.     

获得性免疫缺陷综合征患者胃黏膜组织人类免疫缺陷病毒感染分析

Objective To investigate the distribution and amount of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in gastric mucosa from untreated acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) treated patients.Methods Thirty-five AIDS patients (14 untreated patients and 21 patients receiving HAART) and 10 HIV-1 seronegative patients with gastrointestinal symptoms were enrolled and examined by upper endoscopy.The labeled HIV-1 double-stranded cDNA probe was a PCR product corresponding to the LTR and gag gene of the HIV-1 genome.HIV in gastric mucosal tissues from AIDS patients was detected using in situ hybridization (ISH) and compared with that in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).Results ① No obvious character was found in gastrointestinal symptoms,endoscopy examination and pathology results of AIDS patients.② The expression of HIV gene was mainly detected in the gastric mucosal mononuclear cell (MMC).Other cells were also observed with HIV expression including mucosal epithelial cells,gland epithelial cells and interstitial cells.③There was no difference in HIV expression between sinus ventriculi and gastric body.④ HIV gene expression from AIDS patients was (1.97±3.25)% in gastric mucosa,no difference in HIV gene expression between two groups (P＞0.05).⑤ HIV gene expression in PBMC smear from AIDS patients was (12.38 ± 9.17)%.HIV expreesion in PBMC from patients who had received HAART for 1-4 years were markedly lower than that from patients who had not received HAART (P＜0.05).Conclusions The gastric mueosa is one of HIV infected sites.The potential effect of HAART on the decrease of HIV infected cells in gastric mucosa was unsatisfactory.     

获得性免疫缺陷综合征患者胃黏膜组织人类免疫缺陷病毒感染分析

Objective To investigate the distribution and amount of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in gastric mucosa from untreated acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) treated patients.Methods Thirty-five AIDS patients (14 untreated patients and 21 patients receiving HAART) and 10 HIV-1 seronegative patients with gastrointestinal symptoms were enrolled and examined by upper endoscopy.The labeled HIV-1 double-stranded cDNA probe was a PCR product corresponding to the LTR and gag gene of the HIV-1 genome.HIV in gastric mucosal tissues from AIDS patients was detected using in situ hybridization (ISH) and compared with that in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).Results ① No obvious character was found in gastrointestinal symptoms,endoscopy examination and pathology results of AIDS patients.② The expression of HIV gene was mainly detected in the gastric mucosal mononuclear cell (MMC).Other cells were also observed with HIV expression including mucosal epithelial cells,gland epithelial cells and interstitial cells.③There was no difference in HIV expression between sinus ventriculi and gastric body.④ HIV gene expression from AIDS patients was (1.97±3.25)% in gastric mucosa,no difference in HIV gene expression between two groups (P＞0.05).⑤ HIV gene expression in PBMC smear from AIDS patients was (12.38 ± 9.17)%.HIV expreesion in PBMC from patients who had received HAART for 1-4 years were markedly lower than that from patients who had not received HAART (P＜0.05).Conclusions The gastric mueosa is one of HIV infected sites.The potential effect of HAART on the decrease of HIV infected cells in gastric mucosa was unsatisfactory.