Implanting straight into cochlea risks the facial nerve: a Cartesian coordinate study

Purpose

To describe the straight-into-cochlea line that affords the best access for an electrode array to enter via the round window, and how this line relates to the facial nerve, the incus, and mastoid size. The straight-into-cochlea line is important to minimize the cochlear trauma and maximize the likelihood of placement into the scala tympani.

Methods

High-resolution CT scans were obtained for ten craniums with the extremes of large (N = 5) and small (N = 5) mastoid pneumatization; the specimens were from a series of 41 ear normal craniums. Using FIJI, a publicly available software program, the straight-into-cochlea insertion line was determined by defining the x–y–z coordinates of the middle of the round window and a point 6.0 mm into the cochlea on its centrifugal wall. Then, from the extended straight-into-cochlea insertion line, we determined the shortest perpendicular distance to the middle of the fallopian canal, and from that “fallopian point” to the apex of the posterior process of the incus.

Results

We found good repeatability of measurements. We found the extended straight-into-cochlea insertion lines routinely close to or in the midst of the fallopian canal (50 % ≤ 1.0 mm). We found the lines 4.7–7.8 mm from the apex of the posterior process of the incus. Line positions relative to “fallopian point” and incus showed no relation to mastoid pneumatization. For the distance “fallopian point” to incus, bilateral symmetry was suggested.

Conclusions

Using landmarks registered in an x–y–z coordinate system, straight-into-cochlea insertion via the round window puts the facial nerve at risk.

     

Superficial temporal artery: the “C” shape half-buttonhole configuration as it courses over the zygomatic arch

Purpose

To describe the course and configuration of the superficial temporal artery (STA) around the zygomatic arch.

Methods

Volume rendered 3D reconstructions of computed tomography angiography of 25 healthy patients were performed and analyzed at Duke University Hospitals.

Results

The STA coursed over the zygomatic arch or over the condylar process of the mandible in all cases (25/25 pts, 100 %). The STA courses over the posterior zygomatic arch in 23/25 pts (92 %), creating a characteristic “C” shape half-buttonhole configuration as it embraces the arch. When the STA travels posterior to the zygomatic arch, there is no C shape configuration (2/25 pts, 8 %). The STA bifurcates distal to the zygomatic arch in 24/25 pts (96 %).

Conclusions

The “C” shape half-buttonhole configuration is a useful identifying characteristic of the most common course of the STA—over the posterior zygomatic arch before it bifurcates.

     

A unilateral septal flap based on the anterior ethmoidal artery (Castelnuovo’s flap): CT cadaver study

Objective

We describe our experience for repair septal perforation with a septal flap and we analyse the route of the septal branch of the anterior ethmoidal artery (AEA) in the septum area with a radiological anatomy study in order to perform this flap.

Study design

We carry out a prospective analysis with computed tomography scan in the cadaver heads and we perform an endoscopic technique in the patients.

Methods

Ten nasal cavities were analysed in five adult cadaveric heads and two patients diagnosed with anterior septal perforation were surgically treated. Measurements in the cadaveric heads were obtained from a sagittal plane of the nasal septum. The anterior point corresponds to the projection of the anterior insertion of the middle turbinate in the frontal process of the maxilla over the nasal septum. The posterior point was obtained with a vertical line passing through the entrance of the AEA in the nasal septum.

Results

The mean distance between the anterior point and the posterior point was 7.35 mm with a standard deviation of 0.95 mm. The lowest value was 5.5 mm and the highest value was 8.7 mm. We observed good epithelialisation and closure of the perforation in all patients.

Conclusion

The unilateral septal flap pedicle by anterior ethmoidal artery may be used for small and medium perforations with a pedicle smaller than 1 cm posterior to the axilla.

     

The posterior groove as a landmark for location of the palatovaginal canal in axial computed tomography

Purpose

To investigate use of posterior groove of palatovaginal (PV) canal as an anatomic landmark in determining the location of PV canal in axial computed tomography (CT) images of pterygopalatine fossa (PPF).

Methods

A total of 20 skull specimens were examined in this analysis. Each skull was scanned by CT with and without a probe inserted through PV canal to measure the anatomic structures. CT images of 70 patients were used for comparing the rate of correct location of PV canal between the conventional method (using the vidian canal as a landmark) and the method of using the posterior groove as a landmark. Two skulls were dissected using endoscopy to further reveal the advantage of the posterior groove as a landmark.

Results

In all 20 skull specimens, the groove showed the morphology of a narrow groove and elliptical fossa in 24 and 16 sides, respectively. In CT images, the angle from PV canal and the posterior groove to the hard palate was 53.14° ± 5.48° and 20.93° ± 6.28°, respectively, which was significantly different (P ≤ 0.05). The rate of correct location of PV canal was statistically significantly higher with the method of posterior groove as a landmark than the conventional method (70.7 vs 49.3 %, P < 0.05). The endoscopic anatomy of the posterior groove and its use in locating the PV canal were described.

Conclusion

The posterior groove can be used as an anatomic landmark in correctly locating PV canal in the axial CT image of the PPF.

     

Delineation the anatomy of posterior tibial artery perforator flaps using human cadavers with a modified technique

Background

To delineate the distribution and course layer of the perforator vessels using a modified technique.

Methods

Twelve perforator flaps were obtained from the crura of six fresh adult cadavers. The flaps were randomized into three groups (n = 4 per group): the full-thickness flap group; the deep fascia-free flap group, and the subcutaneous adipose layer-free group. The flaps were smoothened on a silk screen on a batten frame and the isolated flaps were perfused at a perfusion pressure of 140 mmHg for 10 min via the trunk of the posterior tibial artery. Perforator flaps were photographed using a digital camera and radiographed using a mammography device. The imaging data were processed by digital software system.

Results

The mean number of the posterior tibial artery perforator was 4.17 ± 0.94. The three relatively constant perforators varied in the projection points as well as the diameter and the length. The vascular branches and courses of the perforators were clearly visible on the mammograms. Elimination of all the deep fascia or the subcutaneous adipose tissues in the distal portion had no significant impact on the blood supply of posterior tibial artery perforator flaps while the vascular areas of the artery perforators were significantly reduced after the subcutaneous adipose tissue was eliminated in the proximal portion.

Conclusions

We developed an effective modified technique for delineating the vascular territory on perforator flaps of different thicknesses. Our results provide significant guidance for clinical surgeons by providing them with more detailed anatomical knowledge of perforator flaps.

     

The alpha-lipoic acid derivative DHLHZn: a new therapeutic agent for acute lung injury in vivo

Objective and design

An animal experiment was performed to demonstrate the anti-inflammatory effects of an alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) derivative, dihydrolipoyl histidinate zinc complex (DHLHZn) for acute lung injury (ALI) and to investigate the mechanism of action.

Material

Rats were randomly divided into three experimental groups: control group (n = 17), DHLHZn(?) group (n = 11, ALI model rats), and DHLHZn(+) group (n = 12, ALI model rats treated by DHLHZn).

Treatment

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS, 10 mg/kg) were administered intratracheally in the DHLHZn(?) group and the DHLHZn(+) group. For the DHLHZn(+) group, DHLHZn (100 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally 2 h prior to LPS administration.

Methods

Four hours after LPS administration, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue were collected. The findings were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U test.

Results

Total number of cells, number of neutrophils and lymphocytes, levels of various inflammatory cytokines, and NF-kB p65 concentration of BALF were significantly lower in the DHLHZn(+) group than in the DHLHZn(?) group (p < 0.05). ALI pathology scores were significantly lower in the DHLHZn(+) group than in the DHLHZn(?) group (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

Anti-inflammatory effects of DHLHZn for ALI were demonstrated by BALF and histopathological findings. The mechanism of action of DHLHZn was considered to be via inhibition of the NF-kB signaling pathway. DHLHZn is thus suggested to be a new prophylactic agent for ALI.

     

Classification of portal vein tributaries in Thai cadavers including a new type V

Purpose

To compare portal vein tributaries in Thai with Thompson classification.

Methods

In 211 Thai cadavers, abdominal regions were dissected to identify the portal veins and their tributaries. The subjects were classified into types based on modes of drainage of the left gastric and inferior mesenteric veins. Percentages of all types of venous drainage were counted.

Results

There are four types of portal tributaries as defined by Thompson, type I_47.87 %, type II_13.27 %, type III_7.58 %, and type IV_29.86 %. There were 1.42 % of whose inferior mesenteric veins entered the joining angle of the superior mesenteric and splenic veins, and were classified as type V. The left gastric vein mostly drained into the portal vein in 79.15 %, while the inferior mesenteric vein emptied into the splenic vein mainly in 55.45 %.

Conclusions

A new variance of portal tributaries in Thai cadavers is reported. The variations of portal vein formations are critical for liver surgery and interventional radiological procedures.

     

MUC18 regulates IL-13-mediated airway inflammatory response

Objective

To evaluate the effects of MUC18 on IL-13-mediated airway inflammatory responses in human airway epithelial cells and in mice.

Materials

Primary normal human tracheobronchial epithelial (HTBE) cells, wild-type (WT) and Muc18 knockout (KO) mice, and mouse tracheal epithelial cells (mTECs) were utilized.

Treatment

Cultured HTBE cells treated with MUC18 siRNA or MUC18 expressing lentivirus were incubated with IL-13 (10 ng/mL) for 24 h. Mice were intranasally instilled with 500 ng of IL-13 for 3 days. mTECs were treated with IL-13 (10 ng/mL) for 3 days.

Methods

PCR was used to measure mRNA expression. Western Blot and ELISAs were used to quantify protein expression. Cytospins of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells were used to obtain leukocyte differentials.

Results

MUC18 siRNA reduced IL-13-mediated eotaxin-3 (183 ± 44 vs. 380 ± 59 pg/mL, p < 0.05), while MUC18 overexpression increased IL-13-mediated eotaxin-3 (95 ± 3 vs. 58 ± 3 pg/mL, p < 0.05) in HTBE cells. IL-13-treated Muc18 KO mice had a lower percentage of neutrophils in BAL than WT mice (25 ± 3 vs. 35 ± 3%, p = 0.0565).

Conclusions

These results implicate MUC18 as a potential enhancer of airway inflammation in a type 2 cytokine (e.g., IL-13) milieu.

     

Temporal lobe anatomy: eight imaging signs to facilitate interpretation of MRI

Purpose

The temporal lobe is anatomically and functionally complex. However, relatively few radiologic signs are described to facilitate recognition of temporal lobe sulci and gyri in clinical practice. We devised and tested 8 radiologic signs of temporal lobe anatomy.

Methods

Images from volumetric magnetization-prepared rapid gradient-echo imaging were analyzed of 100 temporal lobes from 26 female and 24 male patients. Patient age ranged from 1 to 79 years (mean 19 years; standard deviation 16 years). Standardized axial, coronal, and sagittal planes were evaluated and cross-referenced. Eight signs to delineate the superior temporal gyrus, Heschl gyrus (HG), parahippocampal gyrus, rhinal sulcus, collateral sulcus proper, or the occipitotemporal sulcus, or a combination, were evaluated in the sagittal or axial plane. Two neuroradiologists independently evaluated each sign; the sign was considered present only with positive reader agreement.

Results

All 8 signs were present in most patients. The most frequent signs were the posterior insular corner to identify HG in the axial plane (100 %), pointed STG to identify STG in the axial plane (98 %), and parahippocampal Y to identify the posterior parahippocampal gyrus in the sagittal plane (98 %). The frequencies were similar between the right and left cerebral hemispheres.

Conclusions

Temporal lobe gyri and sulci can be reliably identified in multiple planes using anatomic signs.

     

Patterns of Primary Immunodeficiency Disorders Among a Highly Consanguineous Population: Cairo University Pediatric Hospital’s 5-Year Experience

Introduction

Primary immunodeficiency disorders (PIDs) are heterogeneous disorders that mainly present with severe, persistent, unusual, or recurrent infections in childhood. Reports from different parts of the world indicate a difference between Western and Eastern populations.

Aim

The aim of this study was to report on the different patterns of PIDs and identify subgroup characteristics in a highly consanguineous population in Egypt.

Methods

We performed a retrospective chart review for children below 18 years diagnosed with PID at Cairo University Pediatric Hospital from 2010 to 2014.

Results

Four hundred seventy-six children were diagnosed with PID disorders. Major categories included combined immunodeficiency disorders, which constituted a large proportion (30 %) of cases, along with predominantly antibody disorders (18 %) followed by syndromic combined disorders (16.8 %), phagocytic disorders (13.2 %), immune dysregulation disorders (10.5 %), and autoinflammatory disorders (9 %).

Conclusion

PIDs have different patterns within inbred populations with high consanguinity.

     

The anterolateral ligament of the knee: a radiologic and histotopographic study

Purpose

Recent anatomic investigations of the lateral structures of the knee have rediscovered a ligament, called the antero-lateral ligament (ALL).

Methods

Ten specimens of ALL (6 M, 4 F, mean age 82.3) were sampled from bodies of the Body Donation program of the University of Padova for histological and immuno-histochemical studies. Moreover, a retrospective magnetic resonance (MR) study was carried out in 50 patients (30 M, 20 F, mean age 37.5). MR exams with a normal anatomo-radiological report were selected.

Results

From the microscopic point of view the ALL corresponds to a dense connective tissue (mean thickness 893 ± 423 µm), and is composed by collagen I (90 %), collagen III (5 %) and collagen VI (3 %) and scarce elastic fibers (<1 %). On MR exams, ALL appears as a thin linear structure, originating at the lateral epicondyle, running obliquely downwards and forwards, and inserting in the middle third (46 %) or inferior third (14 %) of lateral meniscus and in the lateral aspect of the proximal tibia. It was observed in 47 cases (93 %), with a mean length of 32 ± 4.6 mm and mean thickness of 1.1 ± 0.4 mm. The ALL showed low signal intensity on both T1- and T2-weighted sequences.

Conclusion

The ALL shows the typical structure of a fibrous ligament. From the anatomo-radiological point of view the ALL is almost constantly depicted by routine 1.5-T MR scan.

     

Effects of different natural extracts in an experimental model of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

Objective and design

To characterize the impact of inflammatory process and oxidative stress in the degree of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), a common condition in which chronic inflammation plays a crucial role, we investigated the effect of different plant extract preparations in an in vivo model of BPH as new therapeutic target.

Material

BPH was made in rats with daily administration of testosterone propionate (3 mg/kg) for 14 days.

Treatment

Rats were randomized into different groups to receive oral administration of plant extract preparations: Serenoa repens with selenium (SeR 28.5 mg/kg associated with Se 0.005 mg/kg), Teoside (2 mg/kg), and Puryprost (14 mg/kg containing Teoside 50% 2 mg/kg and Epilobium 12 mg/kg).

Methods

After 14 days, rats were killed and histological changes, prostate weight and apoptotic pathways were assayed.

Results

The results obtained demonstrated that the association of treatments reduced prostate weight and hyperplasia, while treatment with Puryprost demonstrated a greater trend of protection compared to the other treatments.

Conclusion

Thus, our results indicate that plant extract could be considered as new useful therapy in the treatment of BPH with particular attention on Puryprost that represents a rational approach to reduce BPH through modulation of inflammatory process and anti-oxidant process.

     

Effects of a Healthy Lifestyle Education on the Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome in Children during a 13-Year Follow-up

Purpose

This study aimed to determine effects of community-based healthy lifestyle education on the incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Tehranian children considering parental factors during a 13-year follow-up.

Methods

This study was conducted within the framework of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) on 1603 healthy children, aged 8–18 years, who had complete parental data. Parental factors including MetS, education, age, occupation, and smoking were considered to distinguish parental clusters which could potentially predispose children to MetS. Lifestyle interventions were aimed at achieving healthy dietary patterns and increasing physical activity. Cluster analysis and survival Cox model were used to determine potential low and high risk parental clusters and the effect of intervention on the hazard of MetS in children respectively.

Results

In a model adjusted for children’s age and sex, the hazard of the MetS incidence was 36% higher in children from high-risk parental cluster than those from low-risk parental cluster (HR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.07–1.73). Moreover, the intervention group showed a 39% lower risk for MetS incidence (HR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.44–0.85) compared to controls, during the first 6 years after baseline assessment (short term), although the risk lowering effect of the intervention was not maintained long term.

Conclusion

A healthy lifestyle education was successful in reducing the short-term risk of MetS in children. To identify ways of maintaining long-term results, further research is definitely warranted.

Trial Registration

This study was funded by National Research Council and Planning and Management Organization and has been reviewed and approved by the Iranian registry of clinical trials (ISRCTN52588395).

     

The characteristics and occurrence of the talon cusps in Turkish population: a retrospective sample study

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to figure out the characteristics and occurrence of talon cusps in a sample of Turkish population.

Methods

In this retrospective study, talon cusps in permanent dentition were evaluated on radiographs and intraoral photographs which were obtained from patients who were referred to Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Adnan Menderes University, Ayd?n, Turkey between January 2013 and January 2014.

Results

Talon cusps were observed in 365 of 4116 patients, with a frequency of 8.86 %. There were 208 (57 %) females and 157 (43 %) males with this variation. Maxillary canines were the most affected anterior teeth (40.83 %), followed by lateral incisors (39.60 %) and central incisors (19.55 %). Of the patients, 81 (22.19 %) had type I talon cusp with two periapical pathologies, 114 (31.23 %) had type II talon cusp with four periapical pathologies and 226 (61.91 %) had type III talon cusp with also four periapical pathologies.

Conclusions

The occurrence of talon cusps was higher than other studies reported in the literature, with an exception of the study in Alaskan Eskimos. The most commonly detected type of talon cusp was type III (61.91 %), and dens invaginatus was the most frequent variation observed with talon cusps.

     

Performance of a feature-based algorithm for 3D-3D registration of CT angiography to cone-beam CT for endovascular repair of complex abdominal aortic aneurysms

Background

A crucial step in image fusion for intraoperative guidance during endovascular procedures is the registration of preoperative computed tomography angiography (CTA) with intraoperative Cone Beam CT (CBCT). Automatic tools for image registration facilitate the 3D image guidance workflow. However their performance is not always satisfactory. The aim of this study is to assess the accuracy of a new fully automatic, feature-based algorithm for 3D3D registration of CTA to CBCT.

Methods

The feature-based algorithm was tested on clinical image datasets from 14 patients undergoing complex endovascular aortic repair. Deviations in Euclidian distances between vascular as well as bony landmarks were measured and compared to an intensity-based, normalized mutual information algorithm.

Results

The results for the feature-based algorithm showed that the median 3D registration error between the anatomical landmarks of CBCT and CT images was less than 3 mm. The feature-based algorithm showed significantly better accuracy compared to the intensity-based algorithm (p?<?0.001).

Conclusion

A feature-based algorithm for 3D image registration is presented.

     

Re-focusing HIV prevention messages: a qualitative study in rural Uganda

Background

After 30 years, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains an epidemic of global concern. To support the increasing emphasis on biomedical interventions for prevention requires a renewed and reframed focus on HIV prevention messages to motivate engagement in risk-reduction activities. This paper examines youth and adult perceptions of HIV prevention messages and HIV risk assessment in a generalized HIV epidemic context in Uganda.

Methods

We conducted 24 focus group discussions and 24 in-depth interviews with 15–45 year olds (n = 218) from three communities in the Rakai district of Uganda in 2012.

Results

We found generational differences in the how people viewed HIV, skepticism around introduction of new interventions, continued misconceptions and fears about condoms, and gender differences in content and salience of HIV prevention messages.

Conclusions

Shifts in HIV education are needed to address gaps in HIV messaging to foster engagement in risk reduction strategies and adoption of newer biomedical approaches to HIV prevention.

     

The posterior pedicled inferior turbinate–nasoseptal flap: a potential combined flap for skull base reconstruction

Objectives

To develop a combined pedicled flap comprising the mucoperiosteum and mucoperichondrium of the inferior turbinate, lateral nasal wall, nasal floor, and nasal septum based on the posterior lateral nasal artery, a branch of the sphenopalatine artery, for the reconstruction of skull base defects resulting from endoscopic expanded endonasal approaches.

Methods

Eleven fresh adult cadaver heads were dissected. Arterial distribution patterns of the inferior turbinate, lateral nasal wall, nasal floor, and nasal septum were investigated. The posterior pedicled inferior turbinate–nasoseptal flap was designed, measured, and harvested, and its ability to cover ventral skull base defects was examined.

Results

The inferior turbinate artery and/or posterior lateral nasal artery had 3.19 ± 1.47 (range 2–7) branches [mean outer diameter of largest branch, 0.40 ± 0.10 (range 0.24–0.60) mm] that anastomosed with the nasoseptal artery. These anastomosing arteries allowed the posterior lateral nasal artery to supply arterial blood to the nasoseptal mucoperichondrium and mucoperiosteum. Mean flap length was 100.65 ± 5.61 (range 91.43–109.44) mm, and minimum and maximum widths were 25.21 ± 2.29 (range 22.36–30.23) and 44.53 ± 5.02 (range 36.45–54.10) mm, respectively. Mean flap area was 3090.69 ± 288.08 (range 2612.97–3880.09) mm². The flap covered defects extending from the frontal sinus to the foramen magnum in all specimens.

Conclusions

Harvesting of a posterior pedicled inferior turbinate–nasoseptal flap is feasible. It should be considered a useful option for the reconstruction of large defects involving the anterior skull base, planum sphenoidale, sella turcica, and/or clivus.

     

Cone beam computed tomographic evaluation of nutrient canals and foramina in the anterior region of the mandible

Purpose

To investigate the incidence and anatomical location of mandibular nutrient canals (NCs) originating from the mandibular canal using dental cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Methods

CBCT images from 105 patients were examined to evaluate the presence, number, diameter, and course of NCs.

Results

NCs and their foramina were bilaterally located in 17 (16.2 %) images. The mean diameters of NCs and foramina were 0.9 ± 0.4 (range, 0.2–3.2) mm and 0.9 ± 0.4 (0.2–2.1) mm, respectively. NCs coursed through the mandibular incisor region up to the lingual surface of the alveolar bone crest.

Conclusion

The present study revealed the frequency and distribution of NCs using CBCT image analysis. NCs are important because surgical injury to the neurovascular bundle within these canals can lead to excessive bleeding and postoperative paresthesia. The identification of NC on CBCT images may be useful during the harvesting of bone blocks or placement of endosseous implants in the anterior region of the mandible.

     

Cadaveric study of anterior and posterior elbow endoscopy portals for endoscopic distal biceps repair: comparative anatomy-at-risk

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to describe neurovascular structures-at-risk during establishment of five portals for access to distal biceps tendon (DBT) in cubital fossa, and to establish relative safety of these portal sites for such access. We hypothesized that all five portals are safe for endoscopic DBT exploration.

Methods

Ten fresh frozen cadaveric elbows were dissected after placement of portals at five potential sites (four anterior, one posterior). Nine neurovascular structures (CV, cephalic vein; LCN, lateral cutaneous nerve; LV, leash of vessels; RN, radial nerve; SRN, superficial radial nerve; PIN, posterior interosseous nerve; RA, radial artery; BA, brachial artery; MN, median nerve) were dissected, and their distances from portal sites were measured. Statistical analysis was performed to determine relative portal safety, and risk of injury to neurovascular structures in relation to each portal was analyzed.

Results

Structures that were significantly “at risk” were RA (p = 0.006), SRN (p = 0.002), and PIN (p = 0.004). RA was significantly “at risk” of injury from portal 4 (p = 0.009). Similarly, SRN was “at risk” from portal 3 (p = 0.036), and the PIN was “at risk” from portal 2 (p = 0.003).

Conclusions

Portal 1 (parabiceps portal) was safe for all neurovascular structures, however, portals 2–4 were significantly closer to neurovascular structures. RA, SRN, and PIN were significantly “at risk” as compared to other structures amongst the portals studied. Portal 5 was relatively safe for SRN and PIN.

Clinical relevance

Portals 1 (parabiceps portal) and 5 (distal posterior) can be safely placed for endoscopic access to the DBT. Portal 4 (open distal anterior) may be used after careful open dissection and under direct vision. Portals 2 and 3 are not recommended for elbow endoscopy.

     

Examining the Associations Between Overeating,Disinhibition, and Hunger in a Nonclinical Sample of College Women

Background

Binge eating (BE) has long been identified as a correlate of overweight and obesity. However, less empirical attention has been given to overeating with and without loss of control (LOC) in nonclinical samples.

Purpose

The goal of the present study was to examine the association of (1) established correlates of BE, namely, weight and shape concerns, dietary restraint, and negative affect, and (2) three additional correlates, disinhibition, hunger, and interoceptive awareness (IA), to overeating in a nonclinical sample of college women.

Method

Female students (n?=?1,447) aged 18 to 21 years recruited from colleges in three Canadian metropolitan areas completed self-report questionnaires in class to assess sociodemographic and anthropomorphic characteristics, overeating, LOC, dietary restraint, negative affect, weight and shape concerns, IA, disinhibition, and hunger.

Results

The established correlates of BE were significant correlates of all types of overeating and explained 33 % of the variance. Disinhibition was the most strongly associated correlate of overeating.

Conclusions

Findings suggest that established correlates of BE are associated with other types of overeating such as objective overeating (OOE), as are disinhibition and hunger.