Aspirin-induced hearing loss as a model of sensorineural hearing loss

Performance in forward-masking, temporal-integration, and gap-detection tasks was measured in five normal-hearing subjects before and during a five-day period of aspirin use. The drug regimen was 3.9 g per day, taken in four equal doses at 6-h intervals. In the subjects showing substantial temporary hearing loss induced by the aspirin. (1) forward masking declined at about a normal rate as the masker-to-signal interval was increased. (2) the temporal-integration functions were flatter than normal, and (3) detection of a temporal gap was worse than normal at low sound-pressure levels (SPLs) but was essentially normal at levels above about 60 dB SPL. These aspirin-induced changes in performance are similar to the differences observed between normal listeners and listeners with mild sensorineural hearing loss. Thus, temporary, aspirin-induced hearing loss offers promise as a model condition for sensorineural hearing loss. The advantages offered by this model include all those typically attributed to within-subjects experimental designs, as well as the ability to manipulate the amount of hearing loss. Its primary disadvantages are that the hearing loss is not asymmetrically distributed toward the high-frequency region, as it typically is with sensorineural deafness, and there are large individual differences in the amount of temporary hearing loss induced by fixed doses of aspirin.     

儿童分泌性中耳炎相关骨导听力下降的临床分析

目的：分析儿童分泌性中耳炎相关的骨导听力下降的病因、诊断和治疗方法。方法：回顾性分析150例（225耳）分泌性中耳炎儿童中35例（37耳）骨导听力下降的临床资料。结果：35例患儿均给予鼓膜切开置管或（和）鼻内镜下腺样体切除术,术后给予药物治疗。34例患儿骨导听阈恢复正常,1例患儿随访6个月改善不明显。结论：35例（23．3％）患儿的暂时性听阈移位或永久性听阈移位的发病机制与分泌性中耳炎有关。儿童分泌性中耳炎的发病病程中有发展成骨导听力下降的可能,应引起高度重视,及早干预避免病情发展。     

Sensorineural hearing loss in chronic otitis media

Although many studies have demonstrated an association between chronic otitis media (COM) and sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), there still remains disagreement about the relationship. A retrospective study was conducted to examine the relationship between sensorineural hearing loss and chronic otitis media. Forty-one patients met the following criteria: unilateral COM and no history of head injury, meningitis or previous otological surgery. The differences in preoperative bone conduction threshold between diseased and control (contralateral normal) ear were statistically significant (P < 0.01) and varied from 5.24 to 9.02 dB across the frequency range. The effect of duration of disease on the degree of SNHL was also analysed but no correlation was found. The presence of cholesteatoma and/or ossicular erosion was not associated with a significantly increased risk of sensorineural hearing loss.     

儿童及成人突发性聋预后的对比分析

目的对比分析儿童及成人突发性聋预后的相关因素,为临床实践及患者预后评估提供依据。方法回顾性分析2008年1月~2016年12月住院治疗的237例（258耳）突发性聋患者的临床资料,其中儿童突发性聋患者（儿童组）26例（29耳）,成人突发性聋患者（成人组）211例（229耳）,采用单因素及多因素分析的方法对比分析两组突发性聋患者的年龄、性别、耳侧、初诊时间、就诊听阈、听力曲线、有否伴有耳鸣、眩晕及耳闷等因素对预后的影响。结果儿童突发性聋患者人数占总人数的11.0%;儿童组就诊听阈平均为（88.7±15.8）dB,高于成人组［（71.8±23.6）dB,(P＜0.05)］;儿童组听力曲线为全聋型的占69.0%,高于成人组（44.5%,P＜0.05）;经治疗后,儿童组的总体有效率为51.7%,成人组总体有效率为45.4%,两者差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。对儿童组预后的相关因素分析显示就诊听阈及伴发眩晕对疗效的影响具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);成人组中,初诊时间、就诊听阈及伴发眩晕对疗效的影响具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论儿童突发性聋患者就诊时听力损失较成人重,但治疗后两者总体有效率无明显差异（P>0.05）;儿童及成人突发性聋患者中听力损失程度越轻且不伴发眩晕者预后较好;就诊时间越早越有利于成人突发性聋患者的预后;而年龄、性别、耳侧以及是否伴发耳鸣、耳闷对儿童及成人突发性聋的预后无明显影响。     

Idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss and acute low-tone sensorineural hearing loss: a comparison of the results of a nationwide epidemiological survey in Japan

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the differences between idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL), and acute low-tone sensorineural hearing loss (ALHL) using the results of a nationwide survey database in Japan and to analyze the variables associated with their clinical features and the severity of hearing impairment, treatment, and prognosis.

Methods: Participants were patients registered between April 2014 and March 2016 in a multicenter epidemiological survey database involving 30 university hospitals and medical centers across Japan. Statistical analysis was performed to clarify the factors associated with their clinical characteristics and the severity of hearing impairment, treatment, and prognosis.

Results: Idiopathic SSNHL and ALHL differed significantly in terms of male-to-female ratio, age distribution, and time from onset to start of treatment. The treatment methods and hearing prognosis also differed markedly between the two diseases. A majority (92%) of idiopathic SSNHL patients were administered some type of corticosteroid, while half of the ALHL patients received corticosteroids and a diuretic agent.

Conclusion: The results suggested that idiopathic SSNHL and ALHL belonged to different categories of inner ear disease.     

Steroid-responsive bilateral sensorineural hearing loss and immune complexes

Summary We have recognized in recent years that some cases with idiopathic bilateral sensorineural hearing loss which showed acute progression in either ear responded to steroid and that the improved hearing level could be maintained by longterm administeration of steroid only.Forty cases of bilateral sensorineural hearing loss were selected for study. In most of these cases hearing deterioration of either ear was confirmed by audiometry.Eight of fifteen cases with marked improvement have been proved to respond to steroid treatment. These eight cases include three cases with syphilitic deafness and one case with aortitis syndrome. In four other cases the causes are still unknown, but could be due to autoimmune mechanisms. In four of 25 cases the immune complexes (IC) value was higher than normal and three among them responded to steroid.Since a high IC value has been reported in lupus nephritis, immunologic examinations are necessary for patients over 30 years of age with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss.     

Antiphospholipid antibodies in patients with sensorineural hearing loss

Sensorineural hearing loss can be associated with autoimmune diseases and the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies. Sixty patients (mean age 47 years, range 18–76 years) with sudden sensorineural hearing loss were studied with audiograms, stapedial thresholds, otoacoustic emissions, positional and caloric testing. The serologic testing included antibodies against phosphatidylserine and ₂-glycoprotein. Additionally, a group of 34 patients (mean age 65 years, range 31–81 years) with normal tension glaucoma was examined because in a previous study these patients were reported to have elevated concentrations of antiphospholipid antibodies with a coincidence of progressive sensorineural hearing loss. The baseline for antiphospholipid antibody levels was established in a control group of 40 healthy blood donors. In 12 of the 60 patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss, levels of antiphospholipid antibodies were elevated. Antiphosphatidylserine IgM antibodies were significantly lower compared to controls and patients with the combination of hearing loss and normal tension glaucoma (Fishers exact two-sided test, P<0.01). Our data suggest that antibodies against ₂-glycoprotein seem to coincidence with an acute event, such as sudden sensorineural hearing loss, whereas antibodies against phosphatidylserine IgG are detectable in the prolonged sequel, such as in patients with progressive sensorineural hearing loss and normal tension glaucoma.     

突发性聋与颈静脉球憩室关系初探

为探讨颈静脉憩室（ＪＢＤ）与突发性聋（突聋）的相关性，报告收治突聋１９例中，ＣＴ及磁共振血管造影显示右侧ＪＢＤ３例，共颈静脉孔和乙状窦均明显扩大。其产生内耳功能障碍的机理可能为：①ＪＢＤ压迫与阻塞耳蜗导水管和（或）前庭导水管，甚至内淋巴囊；②ＪＢＤ内的迂回血流对内耳的流体机械力学影响。提示：原因不明的内耳功能障碍病人，应作影像学检查，考虑有无ＪＢＤ的相关影响。     

急性低频感音神经性听力损失的听力学检查特征及意义

目的明确各项听力学检查在急性低频感音神经性听力损失诊断及研究中的意义,以指导该病的诊断和治疗。方法对2008年7月至2010年5月在本科就诊的急性低频感音神经性听力损失患者的临床听力学检查进行了回顾性分析。结果在所有15例患者中有9人(60.0%)有明显诱发因素。在随访期间,有8例(53.3%)出现复发。男女两性无诱发因素和复发率差异。8例患者进行了耳蜗电图的检查,有5例(62.5%)-SP/AP(总合电位/动作电位)检查异常。结论纯音测听、耳蜗电图、DPOAE(畸变产物耳声发射)、ABR(听性脑干电位)在急性低频感音神经性听力损失诊断及研究中意义较大。其发病很可能与生活压力事件相关,病因可能是膜迷路积水、自身免疫性机制和自主神经功能紊乱等因素的综合作用。     

A prospective case-controlled study of patients presenting with idiopathic sensorineural hearing loss to examine the relationship between hyperlipidaemia and sensorineural hearing loss 1

The prevalence of hyperlipidaemia in the normal population means that hyperlipidaemia is often found in patients who have a hearing loss of unknown aetiology. We prospectively undertook a case-controlled study of 85 patients presenting consecutively with a sensorineural hearing loss of unknown aetiology to see if the prevalence of hyperlipidaemia differed between the group with an idiopathic sensorineural hearing loss and a control population. Control subjects were recruited from patients undergoing nasal surgery for structural abnormalities. Both the study and control groups were also compared with the National Study of Hearing data. Hyperlipidaemia was no more prevalent in a population with idiopathic sensorineural hearing loss than a control population. No consistent association between hyperlipidaemia and hearing loss was found.     

Should air travel be avoided shortly after an idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss?

Abstract

Introduction: The effect of air travel on the recovery rate after idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL) has not been established. The advice to avoid flights is essentially based upon conjecture.

Objectives: To analyze the recovery rate of patients who traveled by air shortly after they were treated for ISSNHL.

Materials and methods: The hospital records of 115 newly diagnosed adult patients with unilateral ISSNHL were retrospectively collected. Included were patients who traveled by air within 90?days since the ISSNHL occurrence. The treatment protocol included oral prednisone and intratympanic dexamethasone injection when indicated. Audiograms performed upon presentation and 90?days later were compared.

Results: Twelve patients were included (median age 45.5?years). The median treatment delay was 3?days. The average time from the ISSNHL to air-travel was 37?days, and the average air-travel distance was 13,362?km. The degree of HL was moderate, moderately severe, and severe (4 patients each). Seven patients (58%) underwent full recovery. No patients experienced further deterioration of their audiometric results after air-travel.

Conclusions: This study does not support the avoidance of air-travel after ISSNHL.

Significance: This study is the first to investigate the effect of air-travel on ISSNHL recovery rates, a clinical question that rises commonly.     

Role of ciclosporin in steroid-responsive sudden sensorineural hearing loss

Conclusions. A subgroup of patients with idiopathic sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) will have steroid-dependent symptoms which can be confirmed using pure-tone audiometry. Long-term treatment with high-dose corticosteroids exposes patients to potentially serious adverse effects. Immunosuppression with ciclosporin can be an effective and well-tolerated treatment for steroid-responsive sudden SNHL. Objective. To highlight ciclosporin as a therapeutic option in the treatment of steroid-responsive sudden SNHL. Material and methods. A 39-year-old male with idiopathic sudden SNHL that was responsive to corticosteroids was treated with ciclosporin for 18 months. Results. Steroid-dependent SNHL was confirmed on audiological evaluation. Ciclosporin was administered, allowing corticosteroid therapy to be discontinued. Ciclosporin was effective at controlling all symptoms of SNHL. Remission was confirmed objectively with pure-tone audiometry.     

双耳突聋与单耳突聋的临床比较

目的:对比双耳突发性聋与单耳突发性聋的临床特点及治疗效果的异同。方法:回顾性分析480例突发性聋患者,将其分为单耳组(440例)和双耳组(40例),对2组的临床特点及疗效进行比较。结果:与单耳突发性聋比较,双耳突发性聋更多见于糖尿病、高脂血症患者,并且年龄越大,发生双耳突发性聋的可能性越大。在双耳组中28耳治疗有效,有效率为35%;单耳组中228耳治疗有效,有效率为56.4%,两者差异有统计学意义。结论:双耳突发性聋和单耳突发性聋可能具有不同的病理生理机制和预后,从临床上认识两者间的异同,有助于治疗方案的制定和预后的评估。     

突发性聋不同听力曲线类型与血脂代谢异常的相关性分析

目的 分析突发性聋患者血脂代谢特点,探讨突发性聋不同听力曲线类型发病及疗效与血脂代谢的相关性.方法 回顾性分析2012年1月—2019年7月就诊于湖南中医大学第一附属医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科的385例突发性聋患者的临床资料,其中男163例,女222例,年龄12～85岁,平均46岁.观察突发性聋患者的年龄、不同听力曲线类型及...     

老年与中青年突发性聋的疗效比较

目的 了解老年与中青年突发性聋患者的不同临床特征和疗效。方法 回顾 分析123例（129耳）突发性聋资料,分成两组：老年组（60≥岁）72例（76耳）,中青年组（＜60岁）51例（53耳）。所有患者行皮质类固醇激素、能量合剂等治疗,一部分患者加用高压氧和东菱克栓酶辅助治疗,5例上述治疗无效患者行甲强龙鼓室灌注治疗。结果分析用χ2检验和ｔ检验。结果 两组治疗后的总有效率（痊愈、显效、有效之和）分别为59.2％和69.8％,差异无统计学意义（χ2＝3.26,P＞0.05）,总显效率（痊愈、显效之和）为34.2％和56.6％,差异有统计学意义（χ2＝6.37,P＜0.05）。患者发病至就诊时间差异有统计学意义（t=2.14,P＜0.05）。治疗前健患侧听力差分别为(28.5±13.9)dB和(42.1±28.2)dB ,差异有统计学意义（t=3.64,P＜0.01）。老年组患者合并糖尿病、高血脂症（25/76,48/76）的比例较中青年组（9/53,12/53）高。结论 老年突发性聋患者往往有基础的听力损失,发病呈渐进性和隐匿性,虽然总有效率与中青年患者相似,但显效率较低。类固醇激素鼓室灌注经圆窗渗透对一般治疗无效的部分患者仍有效。     

Chikungunya virus induced sudden sensorineural hearing loss

The aim of this study is to demonstrate the association of Chikungunya virus and sudden sensorineural hearing loss. In the case report described we had a case which developed sudden unilateral sensorineural hearing loss following chikungunya fever. A 15-year-old female presented to us with the complains of unilateral sudden onset of hearing loss following an episode of fever, arthralgia and rashes 1 month ago. At the time of these symptoms there were many cases of chikungunya fever in the city, three being in her locality. Clinically Chikungunya fever was suspected and a positive serological test further confirmed our diagnosis. The hearing loss could thus be attributed to Chikungunya virus. Viruses have always been implicated in causing sudden sensorineural hearing loss but Chikungunya virus as a cause has not been documented earlier making this case report a unique one.