Fournier坏疽:一个真正的泌尿外科急症

目的 总结Fournier坏疽的诊断与治疗经验,提高对该病的诊断及治疗水平.方法 回顾性分析一例Fournier坏疽患者的主要症状及诊治情况,结合文献对该病的临床表现、诊断、治疗及预后进行讨论.结果 患者经积极抗感染、外科清创等综合治疗后效果良好.结论 Fournier坏疽是真正的泌尿外科急症,需要早期诊断,广谱及敏感抗生素应用、早期彻底清创、引流、及时处理并发症等全身综合治疗,这是改善本病预后的关键.     

阴囊坏疽的诊断和治疗(附9例报告)

目的：探讨阴囊坏疽的诊断及治疗方法。方法：回顾性分析9例阴囊坏疽患者的临床资料，对9例患者均行早期多切口切开引流和广泛清创。结果：7例患者坏疽创面愈合良好，1例行二期睾丸切除术后愈合；1例死亡。患者生存率为88．8％。结论：阴囊坏疽的治疗以早期多切口切开引流、广泛清创、使用足量广谱抗生素、全身支持治疗及局部治疗、原发病治疗为主。注意卫生、保持局部清洁及提高卫生保健意识是其重要预防措施。     

阴囊坏疽的治疗体会(附14例报告)

目的总结阴囊坏疽的治疗方法。方法2003年8月至2005年6月诊治阴囊坏疽14例，患者年龄27～74岁，平均48岁。阴囊坏疽并发肛周、阴茎坏疽者2例，并发肛周、阴茎、腹股沟区坏疽者10例，并发肛周、阴茎、腹股沟区、腹部皮下坏疽者2例。其中并发阴茎坏死3例，并发睾丸炎5例。14例细菌培养均为阳性。14例均采用Ⅰ期清创、阴囊成形、置管引流术，同时给予抗炎对症治疗。3例阴茎坏死者行阴茎全切、尿道造瘘术，2例腹部坏疽者行腹部皮下切开清创引流，5例睾丸炎者行单侧睾丸切除。结果12例阴囊成形术Ⅰ期愈合，2例尿道造瘘术患者痊愈出院。10例阴茎皮肤坏疽者1个月后阴茎植皮，痊愈出院。死亡2例。结论早期及时清创和抗炎对症治疗是治疗本病的关键，Ⅰ期清创、阴囊成形及置管引流是治疗阴囊坏疽的有效方法。     

Fournier坏疽的诊治(附16例报告)

目的　探讨Fournier坏疽的诊断及治疗。　方法　对 16例男性Fournier坏疽患者的临床资料进行分析。患者年龄 2 4～ 84岁 ,平均 5 1岁。其中阴囊坏疽 13例 ,阴茎皮肤坏疽 3例。细菌培养 14例 ,阳性 9例。 16例均行外科清创、引流、抗感染等治疗 ,4例行高压氧治疗。　结果　 13例经二期缝合痊愈出院 ,其中 2例 1个月后取皮瓣行阴茎、阴囊成形术。死亡 3例 ,其中 2例并发败血症 ,1例高龄患者早期出现肾功能受损而致多器官功能衰竭。　结论　治疗以早期广泛清创及应用广谱抗生素为主 ,加强局部引流 ,有条件者可行高压氧治疗。     

HIV阳性患者阴茎阴囊Fournier's坏疽29例报告

目的:探讨HIV阳性Fournier's坏疽的临床特点并总结治疗体会。方法:回顾性分析了一组29例HIV阳性Fournier's坏疽患者特点和诊断治疗方法。结果:本组29例,均为HIV阳性男性患者,年龄21⁸1岁。CD4+T淋巴细胞计数均<320/mm3,所有病例均未接受抗逆转录病毒治疗(ART)。2例老年患者合并糖尿病。所有病例均以阴囊阴茎感染起病,进而发展为坏疽,并累及周围皮肤软组织。入院即行广泛清创,切开引流,并应用广谱抗生素治疗;4例需阴囊成形。26例痊愈,3例死亡(其中1例死于感染性休克,2例死于糖尿病并发肺部感染),死亡率10.3%。结论:早期广泛的外科清创引流和广谱抗生素应用仍然是处理HIV阳性Fournier's坏疽的关键;和之前的报道相比,未发现HIV阳性直接影响Fournier's坏疽的预后。     

特发性阴囊坏疽的诊治

目的：探讨特发性阴囊坏疽的诊治方法。方法：回顾分析21例特发性阴囊坏疽患者的临床资料,结果：对21例患者均行早期多切口切开引流和广泛的清创,90．0％的患者行膀胱造口术,生存率为90．5％,结论：早期多切口切开引流,广泛清创,快速纠正休克,及时使用广谱抗素,以及全身支持治疗和必要的重复清创是治疗成功的关键。     

阴囊坏疽行阴囊修复重建

目的总结阴囊坏疽的临床特征和诊治方法。方法复习2015年7月至2016年10月诊治的3例阴囊坏疽致阴囊缺损患者临床资料。结合文献资料分析和讨论阴囊坏疽的特征及治疗。结果所有患者均早期、反复清创、封闭负压引流、股前外侧穿支皮瓣转移修复重建,取得良好的效果。结论早期清创、引流后应用封闭负压引流技术,联合股前外侧穿支皮瓣转移是治疗阴囊坏疽致阴囊缺损修复重建的良好方法。     

糖尿病合并坏死性筋膜炎11例中西医诊治体会

目的:探讨糖尿病合并坏死性筋膜炎的诊断及治疗经验.方法:对11例糖尿病合并坏死性筋膜炎患者,采取中药辨证内服加局部外治,配合早期切开、清创引流、高压氧疗、控制血糖等综合治疗.结果:11例患者中治愈9例,截肢1例,死亡1例.结论:早期切开减压、清创引流、中药内服加外治及高压氧治疗,是治疗坏死性筋膜炎的有效方法.     

封闭式负压引流技术辅助治疗阴茎、阴囊坏疽4例临床分析

目的:通过分析总结封闭式负压引流技术辅助治疗阴茎、阴囊坏疽的临床疗效,探讨该类疾病的最佳治疗方法。方法:收集整理2015年1月至2016年6月,收治的4例阴茎、阴囊坏疽患者的临床诊治资料,回顾分析其治疗过程中配合使用封闭式负压引流技术的方法及其疗效。4例患者均早期行广泛、彻底的阴囊、阴茎坏疽清创术,并静脉应用二联广谱抗生素,清创后为充分创面引流,应用封闭式负压引流(VSD),待创面清洁后,予以创面缝合。结果:4例患者经配合使用封闭式负压引流技术后,坏疽创面引流更加充分,阴囊、阴茎坏疽范围快速局限化,未出现睾丸坏死情况。4例患者均在坏疽创面清洁后,二期缝合,创面顺利愈合后出院。3个月后随访,局部创面愈合良好,无复发。结论:应用封闭式负压引流冲洗技术配合早期行广泛、彻底清创可有效促进坏疽范围的局限化,显著降低换药频率和缩短患者住院周期,是治疗阴茎阴囊坏疽的极为有效的辅助治疗手段。     

Fournier坏疽23例报告

目的:探讨Fournier坏疽的诊断治疗措施。方法:回顾性分析23例Fournier坏疽的诊断和治疗方法。23例患者外阴均红肿、疼痛,并迅速阴囊坏疽,并发不同程度的阴茎、肛周、会阴、腹股沟、下肢坏疽。23例患者分别采取早期清创术,切开引流,抗炎及高压氧治疗。Ⅱ期有11例行阴囊成形术,7例行阴茎阴囊植皮术,2例阴茎坏死者行阴茎切除术后尿道外口成形术。1例行膀胱造瘘术,1例行结肠造瘘术。结果:20例痊愈,3例死亡。结论:Fourn ier坏疽病情凶险,早期诊断、外科综合治疗是治愈的关键。     

Fournier坏疽诊治体会（附30例报告）

目的探讨Fournier坏疽的临床特点和影响预后的相关因素。方法回顾性分析过去5年我院收治的Fournier坏疽30例临床资料。结果 30例患者经积极外科清创等治疗,治愈29例（96.7%）,死亡1例（3.3%）。结论早期诊断和积极彻底清创手术联合使用广谱抗生素,以及全身支持疗法是Fournier坏疽治疗成功的关键。     

特发性阴囊坏疽诊治报告（附5例报告）

目的：总结特发性阴囊坏疽诊断及治疗体会,提高该病的诊疗水平。方法：回顾性分5例特发性阴囊坏疽患者的临床资料,并结合文献复习。结果：5例患者中2例有糖尿病史。经急诊切开减压、多次彻底清创、联合应用广谱抗生素及全身支持治疗后,4例二期缝合创面,1例缺损面积较大者行阴股沟邻位皮瓣转移修复术。结论：早期诊断、及时切开减压及清创、联合应用广谱抗生素对特发性阴囊坏疽的预后有至关重要的作用。     

Fournier Gangrene as a Complication of a Perinephric Abscess After Kidney Transplant: A Case Report

Fournier gangrene is a progressive necrotizing infection of the external genitalia or perineum that constitutes a urologic emergency. Incidence of Fournier gangrene is rising because of population aging, increasing comorbidities, and widespread use of immunosuppressive therapy, including immunosuppressive regimens used in kidney transplants. This is a rapidly progressive and potentially lethal disease without treatment, and early recognition of the disease, proper management of the predisposing factors, and aggressive surgical debridement are the most essential interventions. We report a rare case of Fournier gangrene in the early postoperative period of a kidney transplant due to a perinephric abscess.     

Fournier's gangrene: a retrospective clinical study on forty-one patients

BACKGROUND: Fournier's gangrene, first described by Dr Jean Alfred Fournier in 1883, still has a high mortality rate. The prognosis and outcome of such patients were analysed. METHODS: Forty-one patients with Fournier's gangrene were reviewed on the parameters of age, sex, aetiological agents, predisposing factors, treatment modalities and outcomes. RESULTS: Although early intervention and careful treatment was carried out, nine of 41 patients (21.9%) died as a result of complications of septicemia. Among the treatment modalities, there were extensive debridement, drainage, excisions of the skin and fascia, colostomy procedure, extensive antibiotic treatment and hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Although a combination of different treatment modalities were used, the mortality rate was 21.9%. CONCLUSIONS: Fournier's gangrene is still a severe disease. Today, hyperbaric oxygen treatment is very effective in the treatment of this disease.     

Fournier’s gangrene as a rare complication in patient with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes treated with surgical debridement: A case report and literature review

IntroductionFournier’s gangrene is a potentially fatal emergency condition, supported by an infection of perineal and perianal region, characterized by necrotizing fasciitis with a rapid spread to fascial planes. FG, usually due to compromised host, may be sustained by many microbial pathogens.Case reportA 66-year-old man, with a history of uncontrolled type 2 diabetes, obesity with BMI 38, chronic kidney failure and chronic heart failure, was admitted to the Emergency Department with a large area of necrosis involving the perineal and perianal regions.DiscussionFournier’s gangrene is favoured by hypertension, obesity, chronic alcoholism, renal and heart failure. Generally, Fournier’s gangrene needs other procedures in addition to wound debridement such as colostomy, cystostomy, or orchiectomy.ConclusionWe report a case of FG found as complication in a patient with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes, treated with effective combination therapy with surgical debridement and antibiotics infusion.     

Fournier坏疽1例报告并文献复习

目的:探讨Fournier坏疽(fournier’s gangrene,FG)的病因、诊断要点和治疗方法,提高对该疾病的认识。方法:回顾性分析我院收治的1例FG患者的资料,并复习相关文献。结果:患者阴囊、会阴部、阴茎皮肤完全坏疽,经过积极的手术清创引流,使用足量广谱抗生素,全身支持治疗,在创面无明显炎症反应并长出新鲜肉芽组织后,行植皮术重塑阴囊、会阴部、阴茎皮肤,患者治愈出院。结论:FG病情凶险,病死率高,应早期诊断,一旦确诊应积极采取手术清创(切开)引流和广谱(敏感)抗生素治疗,如有皮肤缺损,应在创面无炎性渗出并长出新鲜肉芽组织后,及时行植皮或皮瓣转移术闭合皮肤缺损。     

应用封闭式负压引流技术辅助治疗阴囊坏疽体会（附8例报告）

目的观察应用封闭负压引流技术辅助治疗阴囊坏疽的临床效果。方法对我科于2005年6月-2010年10月诊治的阴囊坏疽8例进行回顾性分析。本组患者局限于阴囊5例,并发双侧腹股沟区,阴茎皮下坏疽2例;并发肛周,左侧腹股沟区坏疽1例。8例均进行手术清创,并应用VSD持续负压吸引,同时给予抗感染对症治疗。拆除敷料创面干净后行二期手术。结果 6例使用VSD1次,行II期直接缝合后愈合;2例使用VSD2次,行腹股沟皮瓣转移后愈合。结论在清创后配合使用封闭式负压引流技术是治疗阴囊坏疽的一种有效方法,封闭式负压引流技术能够促进伤口的愈合,明显缩短治疗时间,减少换药次数,而且简单易行,值得推广。     

Minimal debridement in the treatment of Fournier's gangrene.

Scrotal and perineal gangrene of the male genitalia was first described by Fournier in 1883. Treatment of the disease remains surgical despite the availability of modern antibiotics. Many authors advocate a wide debridement of all tissue superficial to the involved fascial layers. We have reviewed our experience of using wide and minimal debridement as the surgical technique of choice. In our retrospective study, nine patients were diagnosed and treated over a 2-year period for Fournier's gangrene. The mean age was 65+/-28 years. Two patients were admitted from chronic care facilities, four were diabetic, and two had taken oral steroids. Five of the nine patients were treated with the technique of minimal tissue debridement. In brief, the scrotum was bivalved along the median raphe, each scrotal sac was drained, and the testicles were exteriorized. Orchiectomy was performed if the testicles were grossly necrotic. Penrose drains were inserted from each scrotal sac to the counterincision at the level of the internal rings. All of the tissue involved was irrigated with betadine and peroxide, after debridement of the necrotic tissue. Broad-spectrum antibiotics along with daily packing were continued for 4 to 6 weeks; at the end of that time the testicles were returned to the scrotum and the skin was loosely reapproximated. Three of the nine patients were treated with wide debridement of all the soft tissue including the fascia. One of the patients displayed gangrene of the entire abdominal wall; he was not a surgical candidate and died 3 days later. The four patients treated with minimal debridement all obtained successful treatment of their fasciitis. However, one died of complications related to a duodenal ulcer. The mean hospital stay was 45+/-10 days. Two of the three patients treated with wide debridement required plastic reconstruction using a skin-muscle flap of the perineum. The remaining patient treated with wide debridement died of complications related to metastatic renal carcinoma. The mean hospital stay of this group was 62+/-12 days. The specific flora included: Bacteroidis fragilis in 87 per cent, Peptostreptococcus and Streptococcus in 75 per cent, Clostridia group, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter and Pseudomonas in 62 per cent, Klebsiella in 50 per cent, Staphylococcus in 37 per cent, and Proteus in 12 per cent of the patients. In the surgical management of Fournier's gangrene, wide drainage with minimal debridement resulted in similar morbidity and shorter hospital stay when compared with extensive debridement.     

Prognostic factors in Fournier gangrene

AIMS: Fournier gangrene is a rapidly progressive necrotizing fasciitis involving the genitalia. It can be treated with antibiotics and immediate debridement along with treatment of the predisposing condition. We evaluated the prognostic factors, clinical characteristics and treatment of patients of the Fournier gangrene. METHODS: The subjects were 40 male patients diagnosed with Fournier gangrene who visited Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan, Korea between January 1991 and December 2000. Their medical records were reviewed with respect to demographics, medical history, symptoms and signs, physical examination, laboratory data, bacteriology, extent of disease, clinical course, and therapy. The extent of disease was quantified for each patient using a modification of the diagram used to assess the extent of burns. RESULTS: The average age was 55.3 years (range 29.6-92.8). Of the 40 patients, 11 died (36%) and 29 survived (64%). Anorectal infections were the underlying local disease most commonly associated with high mortality (75%). Although the most common associated illness was diabetes, it was not related to the prognosis (death rate: 20.0%). In contrast, the death rate was highest in chronic renal failure, reaching 50%. The mortality rate increased with the duration of symptoms before hospitalization. Patients with <6% surface area involvement were more likely to survive. On admission, serum blood urea nitrogen (s-BUN) and serum creatinine were significantly higher in the patients who died. CONCLUSION: Survival is associated significantly with anorectal infection, chronic renal failure, the duration of symptoms before hospitalization, the extent of gangrene, and s-BUN and creatinine level on admission.     

Fournier’s gangrene — Not a stigma for surgery with newer surgical reconstruction of scrotum

A 34-year-old man with complaining of high fever and painful swelling and edema of the scrotum was admitted to our hospital. As per clinical and radiological findings, he diagnosed as a case of Fournier’s gangrene. We started treatment with antibiotics, and extensive soft tissue debridement of scrotum done. After the debridement, infection was controlled by wound irrigation, higher antibiotic, regular dressing. Patient improved drastically and mature granulation covered both the testes completely within 14 days. After all this treatment, the neoscrotum was made successfully by mobilizing bilateral fascio-cutaneous flaps from adjacent supero-medial sites of the thighs. The patient was discharged on 26th day and patient is doing well in follow up.