在社区卫生服务工作中开展心理卫生服务的意义

随着社会的进步和发展．社会竞争的日趋激烈．使人们心理上承受的压力越来越大．已严重影响到人们的身心健康．人们对心理卫生服务的需求越来越大。我国目前的心理卫生服务还基本上限于单一的心理咨询项目．而且主要为医院心理咨询方式．远远不能满足社会的需要。而社区心理卫生服务尚处在起步阶段．     

心理卫生医院的模式与特色

心理卫生医院的模式与特色孔庆章近年来，随着医学模式的转变，各地相应办起了心理疾病医院、心理卫生中心、心理康复中心和心理咨询中心等。这无疑给患者、家庭和社会带来了福音。但心理卫生医院究竟应办成什么样的模式，众说纷坛。我们在医疗实践中，认为心理卫生医院应...     

社区心理卫生服务需求调查

目的研究城市居民对社区开展心理卫生服务的需求情况和特点,以提出适合我国国情的社区心理卫生服务模式。方法采用问卷调查方法,对深圳市宝安区420户居民及31个社区卫生服务站进行访谈式调查。调查内容包括社区居民对开展心理卫生服务的需求状况及目前实际情况等。结果25岁以下和26～40岁的人群对心理卫生服务的需求量,分别占到35%和36%;认为需要心理卫生服务的居民占被调查居民数的86%。而社区医护人员数量基本上能满足增设心理卫生服务的需要,但缺乏必要的设施及相应的培训。结论社区开展心理卫生服务有较大发展前景,应引起广泛重视和关注。     

城市社区心理卫生服务现状研究

目的 :为不断满足人们对心理卫生服务的需求 ,随机抽取武汉市 1 1个社区卫生服务机构 ,对在社区开展心理卫生服务的认识、现有的条件、存在的问题等进行调查。结果 :54 55 %的医务人员对心理卫生知识有一定的了解 ;社区医务人员基本上没有人受过正规的、系统的心理卫生知识的培训 ;所调查的社区卫生服务机构没有设立专门的心理卫生服务专科门诊。讨论 :我国的社区心理卫生服务应开展各种心理卫生宣传活动与个别心理服务相结合 ;开办社区心理卫生服务门诊 ,满足居民群众寻求心理卫生服务帮助的需要 ;卫生主管部门要重视对社区卫生中心开展心理卫生服务的督导和管理 ,在配备资源时应该重点考虑心理卫生服务 ,加强对社区医务人员的系统培训     

深圳心理卫生进入社区

“心理卫生进社区”活动以社区健康服务中心为依托,定期由心理卫生专家和医生面向居民,近距离开展心理健康教育、心理咨询,对重点人群给予心理行为问题干预,并且做好重症精神病患者的监护、治疗、康复,防止精神病人肇事、肇祸,通过长期规范的心理卫生健康教育,提高居民心理健康     

军队心理咨询工作的定位与要求

军队心理咨询工作是军队心理卫生保障的重要形式,军队心理咨询工作应针对我国国情和军队成员的具体情况,与军队的其他心理卫生保障形式紧密结合起来,即与心理健康教育,以及心理诊断、心理治疗等心理卫生工作紧密结合在一起.在具体工作中应充分利用军队组织管理完善和医疗保健体系健全的优势,使军队心理咨询工作目标层次化、组织网络化、人员专业化、措施规范化、形式多样化.     

深圳市社区居民心理卫生需求调查与分析

目的 调查深圳市社区居民的心理卫生需求,为深人开展心理卫生进社区提供依据和指导. 方法 设计封闭式调查问卷,对深圳市福田区的社区居民心理卫生需求进行抽样调查. 结果对于心理卫生服务,社区居民首选的心理服务方式是社区(占47.5%),其次是电话(占41.3%),然后是综合医院心理门诊(占27.5%),最不愿意的选择是精神病医院(占1.8%). 结论社区居民心理卫生需求较大,对社区居民提供心理卫生服务很有必要性.     

上海市社区医护人员精神卫生知识的现状及影响因素*

目的了解上海市社区医护人员的精神卫生知识现状及其影响因素,为今后针对性开展培训、提高社区心理卫生服务能力提供依据。方法依托上海市心理卫生服务体系建设三年行动计划项目,选取上海市3家试点社区卫生服务中心的医护人员进行调查,采用"非精神科临床医师心理卫生知识调查问卷"对医护人员进行调查。结果 (1)本次调查总体平均分50.0分,各维度得分均低于60.0%满分;(2)职业类别、参与精防工作和参加过培训是影响精神卫生及各维度知识得分的主要因素;(3)家庭医生的精神卫生知识得分较高57.4分,相比公共卫生人员高12.3分,家庭医生各维度的知识得分均较高,其次是中医/理疗/康复人员;(4)参加精防工作人员的精神卫生知识得分比没有参与的高14.6分,其各维度的知识得分均较高;(5)参加过培训在个别维度的得分较高。结论社区医护人员的精神卫生知识水平总体偏低,对抑郁、焦虑等心理疾病的认识有待提高;培训与实践相结合,是提高社区医护人员精神卫生知识水平的有效途径。     

上海浦东开发区心理卫生服务发展对策

<正>1 工作概况1.1 服务内容和形式 设有四个系列的项目:(1)心理咨询和心理测验;(2)神经症专科;(3)儿少心理卫生;(4)物理治疗。服务形式:有门诊、上门服务、社区义务咨询、集体心理保健指导和心理卫生健康教育宣传指导等。     

乌海市1219名中学生心理卫生状况调查

目的了解乌海市中学生心理卫生状况,为学校健康教育和心理咨询提出合理建议。方法采用SCL-90量表,对1 219名中学生进行测评。结果乌海市中学生心理卫生问题总体情况及各因子情况均较全国青年SCL-90常模[1]严重,其中得分较高的项目是强迫和人际关系敏感;高中学生各项得分高于初中学生;女生组在人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖方面高于男生组。结论应重视和加强中学生心理健康教育和心理咨询工作,尤其重视高年级学生和女学生的心理卫生。     

徐汇区社区卫生服务机构心理卫生服务能力现状调查分析

目的了解徐汇区内社区卫生服务机构的心理卫生服务能力现况。方法对全区13家社区卫生服务中心、115名精神病防治(以下简称精防)医生进行问卷调查,包括社区卫生服务机构的精神卫生服务人员基本情况、具备心理咨询资质情况、心理咨询师的服务情况和机构关于心理卫生服务的计划与打算等内容。结果13家社区卫生服务中心共有26名心理咨询师,但其中1家机构的咨询师达18名之多,占69.23%;在承担社区精神卫生服务的115名精防医生中,具有心理咨询师资质的只有1名,仅占0.87%;社区中26名心理咨询师平时以不同形式提供心理卫生服务的只有5名,仅占19.23%。结论社区卫生服务机构的心理卫生服务资源缺乏、分布不均、利用率不高,亟待加强社区心理卫生服务能力建设。     

Australian women seeking counseling have higher use of health services

PURPOSE: Despite a high prevalence of psychological distress and poor mental health in the Australian community, use of counseling services is very low. There has been only limited research examining the profile of those who do access counseling services, mainly in terms of demographic and health behavior variables. To extend our understanding of those who currently access counseling services, this study aimed to examine the broader pattern of health service utilization by women who consulted counselors, psychologists, or social workers in the past year compared with those who did not among a population-based sample of middle-aged Australian women, and to determine whether health service utilization was independently associated with use of counseling services, controlling for other known predictors. METHODS: The cross-sectional population-based mail survey data for this study came from the third survey of the mid-aged cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health, conducted in 2001. The sample comprised 11,201 women aged 50-55. The main study variable was a question asking whether they had consulted a counselor/psychologist/social worker in the past year. FINDINGS: Only 6.9% of women had consulted a counselor/psychologist/social worker in the past year. After controlling for self-reported mental health status, health behaviors and demographic variables in multivariate analysis, consulting a counselor/psychologist/social worker in the past year was significantly and positively associated with consultations with general practitioners (>/=5 consultations; odds ratio [OR], 4.14; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.35-7.27; p < .0001), specialist (>/=3 consultations; OR, 2.09; 95% CI, 1.66-2.63; p < .0001), and hospital doctor (OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.10-1.66; p = .004). Use of counseling services was not associated with use of other allied and complementary health services in multivariate analyses. CONCLUSIONS: Further research is needed to determine whether the strong independent link between self-reported use of counseling and other medical and health services among middle-aged women is best explained by general practice referral patterns, availability of services, economic factors, or different help-seeking patterns among women.     

Use of technology to increase access to mental health services in a rural Texas community

The Leon County Health Resource Commission sought to increase access to mental health services for their rural community. The commission formed a network of partners who collaborated to increase free transportation to mental health services outside the community and developed a telehealth-based counseling program through a counseling psychology training program. Learning opportunities emerged during the development and implementation of these activities for both the students and the community in how to successfully utilize and sustain this service. This article describes the telehealth counseling model, presents lessons learned in the process, and presents recommendations for others interested in utilizing similar strategies.     

Services for clients of community support programs in rural Wisconsin

To improve understanding of services provided or coordinated by rural community support programs (CSPs) for people with severe mental illness, this article identifies services most used by clients and the amounts of services used. Data on publicly funded services for more than 900 clients in 13 rural CSPs in a midwestern state have been analyzed. Virtually all clients were Caucasian. Information about types and amounts of client services for 12 consecutive months was obtained from county information systems, local records, and Medicaid claims. Most CSP clients use case management, community support, medication checks, counseling, and medication counseling services. Much smaller percentages use other outpatient, residential, vocational, and inpatient services. Significant amounts of only two services, case management and community support, are reported. The findings emphasize the ability of rural mental health providers to supply general services, but some limitation in provision of specialized services and facilities. The research for this article was supported by funding from the National Institute of Mental Health (MH 43555).     

社区卫生服务机构心理卫生服务能力现状调查

目的了解本区域内社区卫生服务机构的心理卫生服务能力现况。方法对全区13家社区卫生服务中心、115名精防医生进行问卷调查,包括社区卫生服务机构的精神卫生服务人员基本情况、具备心理咨询资质情况、心理咨询师的服务情况、机构关于心理卫生服务的计划与打算等内容。结果13家社区卫生服务中心共有26名心理咨询师,但其中1家机构的咨询师达18名之多,占69．23％;在承担社区精神卫生服务的115名精防医生中,具有心理咨询师资质的只有1名,仅占0．87％;社区中26名心理咨询师平时以不同形式提供心理卫生服务的只有5名,仅占19．23％。结论社区卫生服务机构的心理卫生服务资源缺乏、分布不均、利用率不高,亟需加强社区心理卫生服务能力建设。     

上海市闽行区华坪社区重点人群基本卫生服务需求调查

目的，为了解社区重点人群的基本卫生服务需求，合理利用卫生资源，降低卫生费用，方法：采用整群随机抽样方法，调查60岁及以上的老年人2023人，分析老年人健康状况及健康行为等客观服务需求，再按随机数抽取410名老年，228名0－7岁儿童，利用问卷形式调查老年人及儿童（调查对象为儿童家长）对卫生服务的主观需求，结果：50．50％的老年人认为需要健康指导，上门诊疗、建立家庭病床，康复指导，心理咨询，定期体检等基本卫生服务，儿童卫生服务需求比例明显高于老年人，为95．18％，结论：对卫生服务的需求首先可能与人的卫生观念及对卫生服务的信任度有关，另一方面，提示社区卫生服务中心应不断提高自身的工作质量。     

非战争军事行动人员心理健康服务保障

目的探讨非战争军事行动人员心理健康卫生服务的形式。方法开展心理测试,掌握保障对象心理状况;多种形式结合,讲授心理卫生知识,因地制宜开展心理咨询,预防心理问题的发生。结果经过一段时间的努力,有心理健康问题的人员比例由开始的23.31%下降为11.50%（下降了51.67%）;SCL-90总分由117.50±26.92分下降为107.93±20.59。结论在非战争军事行动中,应开展形式多样的心理健康服务。     

深圳市外来工心理卫生需求调查与分析

目的 调查深圳市外来工的心理卫生需求,为开展心理卫生进社区提供依据和指导.方法 设计封闭式调查问卷,对深圳市宝安区的外来工心理卫生需求进行抽样调查.结果 外来工获得心理卫生知识的主要途径是报刊杂志和电视,他们的心理卫生需求高达81.5%,并且60.0%曾经考虑过心理求助,但仅有5.0%真正寻求过心理服务.对于心理卫生服务,他们首选的方式是电话.结论 外来工心理卫生需求较大,对外来工提供心理卫生服务很有必要性;被外来工接受的心理卫生服务方式主要是电话、综合医院心理门诊.     

Mental health and social services: results from the School Health Policies and Programs Study 2006

BACKGROUND: Schools are in a unique position not only to identify mental health problems among children and adolescents but also to provide links to appropriate services. This article describes the characteristics of school mental health and social services in the United States, including state- and district-level policies and school practices. METHODS: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention conducts the School Health Policies and Programs Study (SHPPS) every 6 years. In 2006, computer-assisted telephone interviews or self-administered mail questionnaires were completed by state education agency personnel in all 50 states and the District of Columbia and among a nationally representative sample of school districts (n=445). Computer-assisted personal interviews were conducted with personnel in a nationally representative sample of elementary, middle, and high schools (n=873). RESULTS: Although states and districts generally had not adopted policies stating that schools will have mental health and social services staff, 77.9% of schools had at least a part-time counselor who provided services to students. Fewer schools had school psychologists or social workers. Consequently, counseling services were more common in schools than were psychological or social services. Few schools delivered mental health and social services through school-based health centers. Arrangements with providers not located on school property were more common. CONCLUSIONS: SHPPS 2006 reveals that linkages with the community need to continue and grow to meet the mental health needs of students. Efforts must be made to build systematic state agendas for school-based mental health, emphasizing a shared responsibility among families, schools, and other community systems.     

人工智能在中小学心理健康服务中的应用探新

学生心理需求量激增、心理问题筛查率待提高、学生戒备心重、主动性不够等现状突显了学校心理健康服务的瓶颈。中国人工智能心理与行为研究不断深入,结合生物传感、汉语识别和转化、血谱光学成像以及心理咨询大数据等新技术,以契合当代学生特点,基于客观算法的人机互动模式,通过实时生理监测、调节情绪状态、改变认知模式等多种路径,可广泛应用于中小学校的心理健康筛查和心理咨询服务中,或将成为智慧校园心理健康建设的创新点。