周围创伤性假性动脉瘤的治疗经验

目的：探讨不同方法治疗创伤性周围动脉假性动脉瘤的临床疗效。方法：采用超声引导下压迫、瘤腔内注射凝血酶,以及手术缝合破口,补片修补,血管移植等方法治疗周围创伤性假性动脉瘤18例。结果：超声引导下压迫、瘤腔注射凝血酶5例及手术治疗13例均获成功,无远端动脉缺血等严重并发症发生。术后复查显示假性动脉瘤消失,动静脉血流恢复正常。结论：周围创伤性假性动脉瘤应尽早处理,根据病变的具体情况选择合理的治疗方案。     

锁骨下动脉损伤及创伤性假性动脉瘤手术方法探讨

目的探讨锁骨下动脉损伤及创伤性动脉瘤的外科治疗方略。方法1991—2005年对2例锁骨下动脉损伤，6例锁骨下假性动脉瘤根据病变的部位、程度及受伤时间、累及范围等选择手术入路，采用血管缝扎、血管壁修补、血管吻合、血管移植、辅助体外循环及球囊止血技术实施手术。结果6例痊愈，1例动静脉狭窄，1例动脉闭塞伴臂丛损伤。平均失血800mL。结论锁骨下动脉损伤及假性动脉瘤手术复杂，术前对病变进行仔细评估，选择合理的切口及手术方法是减少并发症的关键。     

34例周围动脉假性动脉瘤的诊治

目的 探讨周围动脉假性动脉瘤（pseudoaneurysm,PSA）不同治疗方法及适应证。方法 回顾性分析1999年10月～2006年10月34例周围动脉PSA的临床资料、治疗方法和疗效。结果 34例周围动脉PSA分别采用超声引导下加压治疗（5例）、超声引导下凝血酶注射治疗（5例）和手术方法治疗（27例）。超声引导下加压治疗5例,成功3例,2例改手术治疗。超声引导下凝血酶注射治疗5例,成功4例,1例改手术治疗。手术治疗27例,其中直接修补术12例,自体静脉补片修补术3例,动脉端端吻合1例,血管缝扎7例,人造血管重建术1例,自体静脉重建术3例;1例直接修补术后20d复发再次行直接修补术成功,其余26例均手术成功。所有病例无死亡,无远心端缺血加重。治疗成功后,假性动脉瘤包块消失。随访3～36个月,平均15个月,无复发。结论 外科手术仍是治疗PSA的主要方法,按照适应症选择超声引导下加压治疗、超声引导下凝血酶注射治疗也能取得良好的疗效。     

四肢动脉损伤诊治体会

目的探讨四肢动脉损伤的诊断和治疗方法。方法回顾分析我院1996年1月至2006年7月共诊治的23例四肢动脉损伤患者的临床资料。分别采用直接动脉修补、动脉结扎、端端吻合、自体大隐静脉移植及人工血管吻合。术中取栓6例,合并静脉损伤修复8例。结果截肢3例(13.0%)。获得随访12例,随访时间3个月～5年,11例多普勒超声证实损伤血管血流通畅,下肢肌肉挛缩1例;下肢血供不足1例。结论早期诊断是提高肢体存活率和避免假性动脉瘤发生的关键。手术方式的合理选择、Fogarty导管常规取栓和早期筋膜切开可提高治愈率。     

膝关节置换术腘动脉损伤的治疗体会

目的探讨膝关节置换术腘动脉损伤的原因及治疗方法。 方法回顾性分析2010年10月至2018年5月就诊于烟台市烟台山医院的6例膝关节置换术出现腘动脉损伤患者的临床资料,其中5例为腘动脉假性动脉瘤,1例为腘动脉血栓形成,腘动脉假性动脉瘤予以局部压迫、注射凝血酶、腘动脉修补治疗,腘动脉血栓形成予以置管溶栓治疗。 结果1例腘动脉血栓性形成经置管溶栓后动脉血流恢复,5例腘动脉假性动脉瘤经治疗后均消失,其中1例经局部加压,1例经局部注射凝血酶,3例经腘动脉修补治疗。 结论膝关节置换术腘动脉损伤的原因与患者自身基础疾病、血管条件及术中操作等有关,根据患者腘动脉损伤情况选择合适治疗方式可以得到有效的治疗。     

周围假性动脉瘤的外科治疗

目的　评价周围假性动脉瘤外科治疗的方法及其疗效。方法　总结1957 年8 月～1997 年8 月收治的周围假性动脉瘤64 例,手术方式包括:瘤体切除 动脉结扎21 例;瘤体切除 动脉破口修补28 例;瘤体切除 动脉端端吻合6 例;瘤体切除 血管移植9 例( 移植血管包括自体大隐静脉5 例,人造血管4 例) 。8 例合并动静脉瘘同时行静脉修补(1 例合并静脉瘘行股静脉人造血管移植) 。结果　55 例获随访,其中51 例效果满意,另4 例遗有不同程度的肢体远端缺血症状。结论　周围假性动脉瘤的诊断首选彩色B 超,必要时选用血管造影;手术治疗效果良好     

医源性肝动脉损伤及假性肝动脉瘤的诊断与急救方法探讨

目的　探讨因胆囊切除或胆道探查所致肝动脉损伤及假性肝动脉瘤的诊断与急救方法。方法　总结了近年来收治的肝动脉损伤６ 例,其中４ 例已形成假性动脉瘤,手术行肝动脉结扎治疗,其余２ 例为单纯肝动脉损伤,行经皮肝动脉栓塞治愈。结果　６ 例中５ 例痊愈,１ 例死于再出血。结论　血管造影是目前本病诊断较为准确可靠的方法之一,肝动脉结扎是本病治疗的传统术式,经皮肝动脉栓塞具有创伤小、疗效可靠等优点。     

异位妊娠术中应用医用几丁糖108例的临床分析

目的 分析外伤后周围动脉假性动脉瘤的临床诊断方法和合理外科治疗,提高外科治疗疗效和保肢率.方法回顾性分析本院自1990年以来,收治的25例因外伤引起的周围动脉假性动脉瘤的临床资料,其中发生在股动脉12例,腘动脉7例,锁骨下动脉1例,肱动脉2例,臀上动脉1例,胫后动脉2例,归纳其诊断和治疗方法.结果根据典型的发病部位的外伤史,结合体格检查和血管彩超探查,术前得以明确诊断,因延误诊治、肢体坏死而截肢2例,采用动脉瘤切除、血管重建22例,保守治疗1例,均得以保存肢体及功能.结论临近周围主要血管部位的各类创伤容易累及血管,清创需彻底,引流要通畅,及时发现和正确处理血管损伤是减低假性动脉瘤形成、降低致残率的关键.     

创伤性血管病变的腔内治疗

目的 探讨微创血管腔内技术治疗创伤性血管病变的可行性。方法 对已进行腔内治疗的6例创伤性血管病变进行回顾性分析。结果 6例创伤性血管病变包括颈总动脉假性动脉瘤、锁骨下动静脉瘘、胸主动脉假性动脉瘤、髂动静脉瘘、髂动脉假性动脉瘤、股浅动脉假性动脉瘤各1例。所有病变均在局部麻醉下进行，经腔内移植物治疗后均立刻重建血流通道。6例均得到随访，2个月至4年内所有移植物均通畅。无任何并发症。结论 腔内技术治疗创伤性血管病变具有成功率高、并发症少、损伤小等优点，可望成为创伤性血管病变的重要治疗手段。     

肢体创伤性动脉病变的介入诊断与治疗

目的 评价介入放射方法诊断治疗肢体创伤性动脉病变的效果。方法 8例肢体动脉创伤伴有远端肢体缺血改变，其中2例伴大出血，伤者接受了选择性患肢动脉造影检查；7例随后进行了动脉病变的血管腔内介入治疗。治疗方法包括动脉分支或主干栓塞、动脉内溶栓和血管内支架置放。结果 血管造影精确显示了动脉破裂、假性动脉瘤、血栓形成或动脉内膜损伤等病变性质。3例假性动脉瘤、3例动脉血栓病变综合应用介入治疗方法取代外科手术获得满意疗效。1例溶栓后证实动脉破裂和1例造影证实动静脉瘘后转手术治疗。结论 介入放射与外科方法相结合能明显提高肢体动脉创伤的诊断治疗水平，有效挽救伤者肢体和生命。     

创伤性周围动脉瘤的外科治疗

目的 探讨诊断和外科手术治疗创伤性周围动脉瘤的影响因素.方法 回顾性分析近5年来收治的创伤性周围动脉瘤23例.根据临床表现和超声多普勒检查诊断.12例急诊手术,11例择期手术,包括动脉瘤切除后动脉结扎,动脉修补,人工血管或自体大隐静脉移植重建.结果23例均手术治愈,无严重并发症.结论 创伤性动脉瘤经详询病史,认真查体,必要的辅助检查均可明确诊断,手术方式依具体情况而定,应重视预防医源性动脉瘤的发生.     

假性动脉瘤外科治疗19例报告

观察用手术方法重建自流通道治疗假性动脉瘤的疗效。方法:术前动脉造影和超声检查对诊断提供可靠依据;对动脉壁裂口较小行单纯动脉壁修补术;纵行伤口,少于管壁周径二分之一行补片移植修复术;严重挫裂伤和撕裂伤行人造血管或自体大隐静脉间置移植术;分支动脉、终末支动脉假性动脉瘤行单纯缝扎和结扎术。结果:本组2例失访,其余17例已分别随访3～94个月,平均42.5个月。疗效良好者16例,都已恢复正常的活动和工作能力;仅1例腘动脉假性动脉瘤压迫引起神经麻痹,于术后12个月仍未恢复。所有患者均未见远端组织动脉血供不足现象,无局部复发。结论:假性动脉瘤一旦明确诊断,应及时手术治疗。术中有效地控制血流和手术方式的选择是手术成功的重要保证。     

Iatrogenic femoral artery aneurysms in orthopaedic practice

BACKGROUND: Iatrogenic injury to the femoral vessel is a rare complication after fracture of hip. Pseudoaneurysm formation of superficial femoral artery or profunda femoris artery is detected quite late. We present our experience for surgical management of pseudoaneurysm of femoral artery after iatrogenic trauma during management of fracture of femur. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was carried out for eight patients with femoral artery pseudoaneurysm treated surgically during the last 10 years in one surgical unit. RESULTS: Of eight patients with pseudoaneurysm of femoral artery, six had superficial femoral artery aneurysm and two profunda femoris artery aneurysm. Mean duration for presentation was 4 months (range 2-6 months). Methods of surgical intervention were direct closure of arterial defect after aneurysmectomy in six cases and use of saphenous vein patch graft for repair of artery in two cases. Mean size of aneurysm was 12 x 7 cm (range 8 x 4 cm to 20 x 12 cm). All patients were doing well during a mean follow up of 72 months (range 6-110 months). CONCLUSION: Large pseudoaneurysms of femoral arteries after iatrogenic injury during management of fractures of femur should be managed by aneurysmectomy and arterial repair with or without saphenous vein patch graft.     

大动脉病变的外科手术治疗

目的　探讨大动脉病变的手术治疗方法。方法　回顾性分析 86例大动脉病变外科手术治疗的临床资料。其中胸腹主动脉瘤 3例 ;降主动脉夹层破裂并巨大假性动脉瘤形成椎骨破损 2例 ;腹主动脉局限性夹层破裂并假性动脉瘤形成 2例 ;腹主动脉瘤十二指肠空肠曲瘘并消化道大出血 1例 ;腹主动脉瘤破裂并休克 5例 ,腹主动脉外伤后破裂 3例 ;腹主动脉瘤和 /或并单或双侧髂动脉瘤2 1例 ;髂动脉瘤 6例 ;股动脉瘤 9例 ;髂或股动脉假性动脉瘤 2 1例 ;右锁骨下动脉和椎动脉起始部破裂并巨大假性动脉瘤形成 1例 ;左或右锁骨下动脉破裂并假性动脉瘤形成 3例 ;颈动脉瘤 2例 ,颈动脉假性动脉瘤 7例。行人工血管置换治疗 71例 ,自体静脉修补 3例 ,动脉破口修补术 12例。结果　术中及术后 3 0d死亡率为 3 .5 % ( 3 /86)。随访 73例 ,随访时间 1个月至 5年 ,除 1例腹主动脉瘤十二指肠瘘患者已死亡外 ,余均生存良好。结论　大动脉病变的外科手术治疗仍然是一种十分有效和经济实用的方法 ,在技巧等方面的改进有利于提高手术的成功率     

感染性股动脉假性动脉瘤手术治疗及伤口处理：附16例分析

目的:探讨感染性股动脉假性动脉瘤治疗的手术方式,以及评估封闭负压辅助闭合(VAC)装置在治疗感染伤口的作用和应用价值。方法:回顾性分析2015年7月—2018年4月行手术治疗的16例感染性股动脉假性动脉瘤患者的临床资料。结果:16例患者术中破损动脉直接缝合破口5例,自体静脉修补6例,自体静脉置换3例,2例行动脉瘤切除局部旷置。患者手术伤口术后均经VAC装置引流治疗;伤口二期直接缝合12例,行皮瓣移植4例,伤口愈合时间平均34.2 d。术后13例患者获随访6个月,除1例伤口再次破溃接受清创治疗之外,其余12例患者伤口均无再次感染或破溃,所有随访患者动脉瘤均未复发。结论:感染性股动脉假性动脉瘤应尽早手术清创治疗;VAC装置治疗感染性伤口安全、有效。     

Treatment of traumatic aneurysms and arteriovenous fistulas of the skull base by using endovascular stents

OBJECT: The authors describe their preliminary clinical experience with the use of endovascular stents in the treatment of traumatic vascular lesions of the skull base region. Because adequate distal exposure and direct surgical repair of these lesions are not often possible, conventional treatment has been deliberate arterial occlusion. The purpose of this report is to demonstrate the safety and efficacy as well as limitations of endovascular stent placement in the management of craniocervical arterial injuries. METHODS: Six patients with vascular injuries were treated using endovascular stents. There were two arteriovenous fistulas and two pseudoaneurysms of the distal extracranial internal carotid or vertebral arteries resulting from penetrating trauma, and two petrous carotid pseudoaneurysms associated with basal skull fractures. In one patient a porous stent placement procedure was undertaken as well as coil occlusion of an aneurysm, whereas in the remaining five patients covered stent grafts were used as definitive treatment. There were no procedural complications. One patient in whom there was extensive traumatic arterial dissection was found to have asymptomatic stent thrombosis when angiography was repeated 1 week postoperatively. This was the only patient whose associated injuries precluded routine antithrombotic or antiplatelet therapy. Follow-up examinations in the remaining five patients included standard angiography (four patients) or computerized tomography angiography (one patient), which were performed 3 to 6 months postoperatively, and clinical assessments ranging from 3 months to 1 year in duration (mean 9 months). In all five cases the vascular injury was successfully treated and the parent artery remained widely patent. No patient experienced aneurysm recurrence or hemorrhage, and there were no thromboembolic complications. CONCLUSIONS: The authors' experience demonstrates that endovascular treatment of traumatic vascular lesions of the skull base region is both feasible and safe. The advantages of minimally invasive stent placement and parent artery preservation make this procedure for repair of neurovascular injuries a potentially important addition to existing methods.     

Outcome of delayed brachial artery repair in patients with traumatic brachial artery injury: prospective study

A large proportion of patients with traumatic brachial artery injury have delayed referral for arterial repair in Iran. In this paper, we review the early outcome of delayed surgical repair of these patients. Patients with traumatic brachial artery injury who had been referred later than 24h from occurrence of trauma were selected from May 2003 to October 2004. Presence of mottling was the main exclusive criterion. Pre- and post-operative data were registered in data sheets. Among 27 patients who entered the study, the mechanism of trauma was stabbings in 74% of cases. End-to-end anastomosis (n=14) and interposition graft with saphenous vein (n=12) were the techniques used. Amputation was inevitable due to progressing infection in one case. Upper limbs were saved in the remaining 26 cases (96%). Based on these data we recommend arterial repair in patients with traumatic brachial artery injury even after golden time of arterial repair.     

Acute intraoperative arterial elongation: an experimental study.

OBJECTIVES: small arterial defects resulting from either trauma or resection of an aneurysm often present difficult problems to the vascular surgeon. DESIGN: to demonstrate that certain arterial gaps as a result of traumatic injury or aneurysm resection could be closed with acute intraoperative arterial elongation. Materials: fifteen mongrel dogs underwent acute intraoperative arterial elongation of the right superficial femoral artery, with the left side used for a control vessel. METHODS: arterial defects created surgically (median 50 (range 25 to 60 mm) mm). Appropriate length of artery was then undermined. A Foley catheter was placed proximally and distally directly beneath this undermined portion of vessel. The vessel is lengthened following 3 expansion/relaxation cycle of Foley catheter. Arterial gaps were closed by end to end anastomosis. Arterial pressure study was performed in all vessels. RESULTS: acutely, arterial pressure differences proximal and distal to the anastomosis were seen only when arterial gaps were exceeded 55 mm. There was no occlusion either acutely or after 4 weeks follow-up period. Light microscopic examination of arterial specimens revealed partial disruption of internal elastic lamina. At the end of the follow-up period, formation of neointima with regeneration of the internal elastic lamina was demonstrated. Scanning electron microscopy revealed minimal endothelial denudation. CONCLUSIONS: we believe that, acute intraoperative elongation can be used as an alternative technique to vein grafting for the repair of small traumatic arterial defects in selected cases.     

Initial experience with transluminally placed endovascular grafts for the treatment of complex vascular lesions.

OBJECTIVES: Complex arterial occlusive, traumatic, and aneurysmal lesions may be difficult or impossible to treat successfully by standard surgical techniques when severe medical or surgical comorbidities exist. The authors describe a single center's experience over a 2 1/2-year period with 96 endovascular graft procedures performed to treat 100 arterial lesions in 92 patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-three patients had 36 large aortic and/or peripheral artery aneurysms, 48 had 53 multilevel limb-threatening aortoiliac and/or femoropopliteal occlusive lesions, and 11 had traumatic arterial injuries (false aneurysms and arteriovenous fistulas). Endovascular grafts were placed through remote arteriotomies under local (16[17%]), epidural (42[43%]), or general (38[40%]) anesthesia. RESULTS: Technical and clinical successes were achieved in 91% of the patients with aneurysms, 91% with occlusive lesions, and 100% with traumatic arterial lesions. These patients and grafts have been followed from 1 to 30 months (mean, 13 months). The primary and secondary patency rates at 18 months for aortoiliac occlusions were 77% and 95%, respectively. The 18-month limb salvage rate was 98%. Immediately after aortic aneurysm exclusion, a total of 6 (33%) perigraft channels were detected; 3 of these closed within 8 weeks. Endovascular stented graft procedures were associated with a 10% major and a 14% minor complication rate. The overall 30-day mortality rate for this entire series was 6%. CONCLUSIONS: This initial experience with endovascular graft repair of complex arterial lesions justifies further use and careful evaluation of this technique for major arterial reconstruction.     

FALSE ANEURYSM OF THE POPLITEAL ARTERY COMPLICATING ACUPUNCTURE

This is the first reported case in which acupuncture needle injury of the popliteal artery caused the development of a false aneurysm. The patient presented with rupture of the aneurysm and was successfully managed by arterial repair.