细胞角蛋白18及其基因在牙源性角化囊肿衬里上皮中表达的意义

目的检测细胞角蛋白18（CK18）及其基因在牙源性角化囊肿（OKC）衬里上皮中的表达。方法选取32例OKC的衬里上皮组织,分别进行CK18、CK8和CK19单克隆抗体的免疫组织化学染色。对其中12例使用RT- PCR法检测CK18 mRNA,观察其在衬里上皮中的表达;同时使用CK18基因探针进行原位杂交,检测CK18 mRNA在衬里上皮细胞层的定位表达。结果在免疫组织化学染色中, 17例CK18蛋白在OKC衬里上皮的表层细胞层表达为弱阳性;27例CK18蛋白在棘细胞层上层染色为阳性;14例CK18蛋白在棘细胞层染色为阳性;所有标本基底细胞层染色呈阴性。RT- PCR法检测见4例CK18 mRNA表达为强阳性,8例表达为弱阳性。原位杂交法检测见8例CK18 mRNA在棘细胞层和棘细胞层上层呈阳性,4例在上皮基底细胞层和角化层呈阳性。CK8蛋白在所有32例OKC衬里上皮基底细胞层均有表达。CK19蛋白在23例OKC衬里上皮表层均有表达。结论CK18在OKC衬里上皮的表达由基底细胞层向棘细胞层迁移,CK18蛋白免疫组织化学染色阳性表达与CK18 mRNA原位杂交法阳性表达不同,提示CK18可能与衬里上皮的增殖活性有关,OKC衬里上皮中可能存在CK18蛋白和CK18 mRNA表达的调控因子。     

Survivin、Ki67在牙源性囊肿上皮组织中的表达及意义

目的：探讨根端囊肿、含牙囊肿及角化囊肿衬里上皮中Survivin、Ki67的表达及意义。方法：采用免疫组化法检测12例根端囊肿、20例含牙囊肿、22例角化囊肿中Survivin、Ki67表达水平,并加以分析。结果：Survivin在根瑞囊肿中无表达,在含牙囊肿和角化囊肿中表达的阳性率分别为10％、63．6％,角化囊肿OD值显著高于根端囊肿和含牙囊肿（P〈0．05）;Ki67在3种组织中均有表达,角化囊肿中Ki67-ＬＩ显著高于根端囊肿和含牙囊肿（Ｐ〈0．05）;角化囊肿中Survivin阳性表达的Ki67-LI显著高于表达阴性者（Ｐ〈0．05）,且Survivin表达与Ki67表达呈正相关（r=0．452,P〈0．05）。结论：survivin、Ki67在牙源性囊肿中的表达差异显示了它们具有不同的增殖和分化过程。     

细胞角蛋白及其mRNA在根端囊肿上皮衬里中的表达

目的本研究目的是探讨根端囊肿上皮衬里细胞角蛋白及其mRNA的表达情况.方法检测52例根端囊肿衬里上皮的细胞角蛋白(CK8,CK13和CK18)的表达,其中采用免疫组化染色法检测32例上颌根端囊肿和20例下颌根端囊肿;采用原位杂交法检测24例上颌根端囊肿和13例下颌根端囊肿CK-mRNA表达;采用逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)法检测24例上颌囊肿.结果上颌根端囊肿中CK8,CK13,CK18阳性的鳞状上皮衬里分别是20例,29例和19例,下颌根端囊肿中表达阳性的分别为10例,20例和11例.上颌根端囊肿中[CK18( )-CK13(-)]3例,[CK18( )-CK13( )]13例,[CK18(-)-CK13( )]13例,而下颌根端囊肿中[CK18( )-CK13(-)]0例,[CK18( )-CK13( )]11例,[CK18(-)-CK13( )]9例.原位杂交显示24例上颌根端囊肿和13例下颌根端囊肿分别有9例和4例囊肿衬里中有CK18-mRNA表达.RT-PCR检测发现CK18-mRNA和CK13-mRNA在正常鼻窦粘膜和牙龈上皮(对照组)及上颌囊肿衬里都有表达.结论CK18-mRNA和CK13-mRNA在根端囊肿鳞状上皮和柱状上皮基本上都有表达.上颌根端囊肿中CK蛋白及其CK18-mRNA表达的不同,可能是囊肿上皮衬里基因型发生转变的结果.     

细胞角蛋白18和13在术后性上颌囊肿化生上皮中的表达

目的研究口腔术后性颌骨囊肿（POMC）化生上皮起源以及细胞角蛋白（CK）在鳞状化生细胞中的表达.方法采用免疫组化SP法、原位杂交法和RT-PCR法,分别检测46例POMC中细胞角蛋白的表达情况.其中13例囊肿衬里上皮只含有假复层纤毛柱状上皮细胞;30例囊肿衬里既含有纤毛柱状上皮细胞,又含化生的鳞状上皮细胞;3例囊肿衬里只含有化生的鳞状上皮细胞.结果43例纤毛柱状上皮细胞中,39例表达CK8,9例表达CK13,43例均有CK18表达.发生鳞状上皮化生的细胞中CK13表达较多,CK8和CK18表达较少.在33例发生化生的囊肿衬里中,24例表达CK8,23例表达CK13,26例表达CK18.CK13和CK18蛋白的表达与CK13、CK18-mRNA表达水平相关.原位杂交方法检测CK1g-mRNA表达时发现,26例CK18蛋白阳性的化生囊肿衬里上皮以及7例发生化生但不表达CK18蛋白的囊肿衬里上皮都有CK18-mRNA的表达.RT-PCR结果进一步证明所有发生鳞状化生的囊肿衬里上皮都有CK18-mRNA的表达,但是其表达水平较未发生化生的柱状细胞囊肿衬里上皮弱,而且CK13-mRNA的表达与CK18-mRNA表达相反.结论在发生上皮化生的全过程中,CK18-mRNA保持不变,但是其蛋白的表达水平下降,而且发生鳞状化生时CK18表达减少,CK13表达增加.     

腺牙源性囊肿两例报告及其细胞角蛋白18的表达

目的探讨腺牙源性囊肿衬里上皮的组织学特征及其细胞角蛋白18、19、CK18-mRNA的表达和该囊肿的组织来源。方法对2例腺牙源性囊肿采用常规HE切片、免疫组织化学染色和原位杂交的方法分别进行组织学观察，检测CK18、CK19和CK18-mRNA的表达。结果囊壁内有微小子囊存在，子囊周围有黏液细胞为主的混合性腺体结构。CK18在囊肿衬里上皮呈阳性表达；在子囊的衬里上皮CK18呈阴性，而CK19呈阳性表达；腺体结构中CK18和CK19均呈阳性表达。在原位杂交中CK18-mRNA在所有上皮中均呈不同程度的阳性表达。结论CK18-mRNA及其蛋白的表达差异可能与囊肿上皮细胞的分化有关，腺牙源性囊肿的角蛋白表达谱存在牙源性上皮和腺源性上皮的交叉，可能同时存在牙源性和腺源性分化。     

牙源性囊肿上皮增殖活性的研究

目的：研究牙源性角化囊肿,含牙囊肿,根尖囊肿3种主要的牙源性囊肿衬里上皮的细胞增殖活性,方法：应用Ki-67单克隆抗体免疫组化LSAB法对30例牙源性囊肿进行免疫组化染色,结果通过计算机图像分析,计算单位面积衬里上皮内（mm2)阳性细胞数,进行统计学分析,结果：牙源性角化囊肿衬里上皮有较多的Ki-67阳性细胞,明显高于含牙囊肿和根尖囊肿;正常口腔粘膜未见Ki-67阳性表达,结论：Ki-67在不同的牙源性囊肿中表达的差异显示了它们具有不同的增殖和分化过程。     

CK18和CK13在含有纤毛柱状细胞的根端囊肿衬里上皮中的表达

目的:探讨细胞角蛋白CK13和CK18在含有纤毛柱状细胞的根端囊肿衬里上皮中的表达意义。方法:利用单克隆CK18和CK13抗体,采用免疫组化SP法检测32例含有纤毛柱状细胞的根端囊肿衬里上皮中CK13和CK18的表达情况。结果:CK18在此32例含纤毛柱状上皮细胞的根端囊肿衬里中呈现3种表达形式:①伴随纤毛柱状上皮细胞呈连续带状表达在根端囊肿衬里上皮的表层;②呈片段状表达在根端囊肿衬里上皮中;③呈零星散在状表达于衬里上皮细胞中。CK13表达在根端囊肿衬里上皮的鳞状细胞中。一部分基底细胞层细胞和上皮片断既不表达CK18,也不表达CK13。结论:根端囊肿衬里上皮中除含有鳞状细胞外还含有以多种形式分布存在的纤毛柱状细胞及可能处于化生过渡阶段的细胞或上皮发生细胞。根端囊肿衬里上皮中存在着多种细胞类型为根端囊肿的发生机制及组织来源的进一步研究探讨提供了一定的依据。     

牙源性角化囊肿与正角化牙源性囊肿CK10、Bcl-2免疫组化表达

目的 :比较牙源性角化囊肿 (odontogenickeratocyst,OKC)与正角化牙源性囊肿 (orthokeratinizedodonto geniccyst,OOC)中CK10及Bcl- 2的表达情况。方法 :OKC及OOC各 10例 ,分别行CK10、Bcl- 2免疫组化染色 ,并利用SPSS10 .0统计软件对免疫组化染色结果进行统计学处理。结果 :CK10在OKC中的阳性表达率为 80 % (8/10 ) ,而在OOC中为 10 0 % (10 / 10 ) (P >0 .0 5 )。OOC上皮中CK10阳性着色于除基底细胞层外的上皮全层 ,而OKC中CK10阳性着色仅见于上皮表层的不全角化层。Bcl- 2在OKC中的阳性表达率为 6 0 % (6 / 10 ) ,而在OOC中为 10 % (1/ 10 ) (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :OKC与OOC的衬里上皮中免疫组化表达存在显著差别 ,OOC可能为有别于OKC的一种独立病损。     

Survivin、bcl-2、caspase-3在牙源性角化囊肿中的表达及意义

目的检测凋亡相关蛋白survivin、bcl-2、caspase-3在角化囊肿中的表达,探讨其在角化囊肿发生发展中的意义。方法免疫组织化学方法检测20例角化囊肿(10例原发和10例复发)、10例含牙囊肿和10例根端囊肿中survivin、bcl-2、cas-pase-3的表达。结果Survivin、bcl-2、caspase-3阳性染色分别见于13(65%)、13(65%)、9(45%)例角化囊肿。Survivin、bcl-2在角化囊肿上皮基底层细胞中阳性表达,阳性率显著高于含牙囊肿和根端囊肿;caspase-3在角化囊肿上皮表层细胞表达。Survivin的表达与bcl-2正相关,与caspase-3无明显相关性。结论Survivin、bcl-2、caspase-3在角化囊肿形成和发展中起一定作用。     

PCNA在角化囊肿及始基囊肿中的表达及意义

目的：探讨牙源性角化囊肿中PCNA的表达及意义。方法：采用免疫组化方法,检测PCNA在正常牙囊或残余牙板上皮及牙源性角化囊肿、始基囊肿中的表达。结果：PCNA在正常牙囊或残余牙板上皮中呈阴性表达,PCNA在角化囊肿及始基囊肿中呈阳性表达,表达率分别为35%和2.7%,统计学检验两者阳性表达率有显著性差异。结论：角化囊肿比始基囊肿可能更具有细胞增殖活性。     

Marsupialization inhibits interleukin-1α expression and epithelial cell proliferation in odontogenic keratocysts

BACKGROUND: Marsupialization results in the reduction of odontogenic cyst size. Interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha) is thought to play a crucial role for the expansion of odontogenic keratocysts. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of marsupialization on the expression of IL-1alpha and on the proliferating activity of a lining epithelium in odontogenic keratocysts. METHODS: The concentrations of IL-1alpha, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in the intracystic fluids of odontogenic keratocysts were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of IL-1alpha mRNA in odontogenic keratocysts was measured before and after marsupialization by in situ hybridization. The expression of IL-1alpha and epithelial cell-proliferating activities in odontogenic keratocysts were also measured by immunohistochemistry using antibodies for human IL-1alpha and Ki-67 antigen, respectively. RESULTS: The intracystic fluid levels of IL-1alpha were significantly higher than those of IL-6 and TNF-alpha in odontogenic keratocysts. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry showed that strong expression of IL-1alpha mRNA and protein was mainly detected in the epithelial cells of odontogenic keratocysts. After marsupialization, the signal intensities for IL-1alpha mRNA and protein were significantly decreased. In addition, the Ki-67 labeling index of the epithelial cells was decreased proportionally with the grade of IL-1alpha mRNA expression after the marsupialization. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that marsupialization may reduce the size of odontogenic keratocyst by inhibiting IL-1alpha expression and the epithelial cell proliferation.     

Metaplasia and degeneration in odontogenic cysts in man

Abstract. In a histologic study of the walls of 638 odontogenic cysts, the incidence of metaplastic and/or degenerative changes was recorded. There were 402 denial cysts, 81 dentigerous cysts, 15 lateral periodontal cysts, 1 gingival cyst and 139 odontogenic keratocysts.
Mucus cells were present in 39.6 % of the dental cysts, 42.0 % of the dentigeious cysts, 20.0 % of the lateral periodontal cysts and 3.7 % of the odontogenic keratocysts. There was no difference in incidence between the maxilla and mandible. The incidence of mucus cells increased with the age of the patient from whom the cyst was removed. Ciliated cells were present in 0.7 % of the dental cysts and 1.5 % of the odontogenic keratocysts, but were absent from dentigerous cysts and lateral periodontal cysts. Keratin was present in 2.0 % of the dental cysts, 2.5 % of the dentigerous cysts, and all of the odontogenic keratocysts, but was absent from lateral periodontal cysts. Hyaline bodies were present in 6.7 % of the dental cysts, 1.2 % of the dentigerous cysts, none of the lateral periodontal cysts and 9.4 % of the odontogenic keratocysts. Mineralized bodies were present in 2.5 % of the dental cysts, 7.4 % of the dentigerous cysts, 6.7 % of the lateral periodontal cysts and 12.9 % of the odontogenic keratocysts. The origin of these changes is discussed in the light of these findings.     

The Laterally Positioned Odontogenic Keratocyst: A Case Report

An odontogenic keratocyst which was in a lateral periodontal location is reported. The histology of the odontogenic keratocyst is compared with that of the lateral periodontal cyst. The importance of correctly diagnosing the odontogenic keratocyst is stressed, especially in view of its high recurrence rate and its possible association with the basal cell nevus syndrome.     

Developmental odontogenic cysts. An update1

This review paper reports recent advances in the subject of developmental odontogenic cysts, essentially those of the past decade, starting with reference to the new WHO classification (1). On keratocysts, the latest reported recurrence rates are assessed as are their mode of growth, immunocytochemistry, immunology, genetic studies, and work on specific keratocyst antigens. There is a critical account of the group of lesions which includes the gingival cyst of adults, lateral periodontal cyst, hotryoid odontogenic cyst and glandular odontogenic cyst, and their possible relationship to one another. On dentigerous cysts, reference is made to the relationship between them and deciduous teeth, as well as to their immunocytochemistry and immunology. Recent work on the unicystic ameloblastomas. their classification and prognosis, is assessed, as is the calcifying odontogenic cyst and its relationship with solid odontogenic tumours.     

Accuracy of computer-aided image analysis in the diagnosis of odontogenic cysts: A systematic review

Background This study aimed to search for scientific evidence concerning the accuracy of computer-assisted analysis for diagnosing odontogenic cysts. Material and Methods A systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA statements and considering eleven databases, including the grey literature. Protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD 42020189349). The PECO strategy was used to define the eligibility criteria and only studies involving diagnostic accuracy were included. Their risk of bias was investigated using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tool. Results Out of 437 identified citations, five papers, published between 2006 and 2019, fulfilled the criteria and were included in this systematic review. A total of 5,264 images from 508 lesions, classified as radicular cyst, odontogenic keratocyst, lateral periodontal cyst, glandular odontogenic cyst, or dentigerous cyst, were analyzed. All selected articles scored low risk of bias. In three studies, the best performances were achieved when the two subtypes of odontogenic keratocysts (solitary or syndromic) were pooled together, the case-wise analysis showing a success rate of 100% for odontogenic keratocysts and radicular cysts, in one of them. In two studies, the dentigerous cyst was associated with the majority of misclassifications, and its omission from the dataset improved significantly the classification rates. Conclusions The overall evaluation showed all studies presented high accuracy rates of computer-aided systems in classifying odontogenic cysts in digital images of histological tissue sections. However, due to the heterogeneity of the studies, a meta-analysis evaluating the outcomes of interest was not performed and a pragmatic recommendation about their use is not possible. Key words:Computer-assisted diagnosis, computer-assisted image analysis, computer-assisted image processing, odontogenic cysts, keratocysts, radicular cysts.     

牙源性囊肿和成釉细胞瘤体外骨吸收的实验研究

目的定量分析牙源性角化囊肿和成釉细胞瘤的体外骨吸收效应,探讨其颌骨吸收机制。方法收集25例牙源性囊肿[牙源性角化囊肿(OKC)14例、牙源性角化囊肿伴感染6例、含牙囊肿(DC)5例]和7例成釉细胞瘤的新鲜组织块行体外培养(24h),取其上清液与SD大鼠(新生5天)颅盖骨培养体系继续培养48h,以原子分光光度计法检测培养体系上清液中的Ca2+含量,从而判断不同牙源性病损在体外导致骨吸收作用的差异。同时采用放射免疫技术检测牙源性病损体外培养上清液中的骨吸收相关因子:白细胞介素6(IL6)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNFα)、前列腺素E2(PGE2)、骨钙素(BGP)和降钙素(CT)等的含量。结果各组牙源性囊肿和肿瘤引起大鼠颅盖骨培养Ca2+析出的浓度显著高于空白组(P<0.01);OKC伴感染组Ca2+浓度显著高于OKC组和成釉细胞瘤组(P<0.05)。各组牙源性囊肿和成釉细胞瘤培养上清液中IL6、TNFα、PGE2和CT含量显著高于空白对照组(P<0.05);OKC组和OKC伴感染组IL6含量显著高于成釉细胞瘤组(P<0.05);OKC伴感染组CT含量显著高于OKC组和含牙囊肿组(P<0.05)。这些因子和Ca2+含量的相关性分析结果显示,IL6与钙值之间呈显著性正相关(P<0.01)。结论颌骨牙源性病损在体外可促进骨吸收,此作用可能与其产生的某些细胞因子有关。     

A series of 240 odontogenic keratocysts: Should we continue to use the terminology of ‘keratocystic odontogenic tumour’ for the solid variant of odontogenic keratocyst?

Most of the odontogenic keratocysts show an indolent behaviour like non-neoplastic lesions. For this reason, the odontogenic keratocyst was reclassified within the odontogenic cysts category in the WHO 2017 classification. Some odontogenic keratocysts may contain satellite cysts or solid squamoid islands within their wall. Recently, a solid form of odontogenic keratocyst has also been described which is composed entirely of multiple epithelial islands and small cysts in a collagenous stroma. The true nature of this variant is unclear yet.In this article, we present a series of 204 odontogenic keratocyst cases. Clinical and histologic findings of the cases in this series were described. These were also categorised according to the presence of satellite lesions. Additionally, the features of two cases of the solid form of odontogenic keratocysts were compared with those of the previous reports and other histologically similar odontogenic lesions. Current evidence suggests that this variant may be neoplastic and it differs from other odontogenic keratocysts, at least histologically. We believe diagnosing a solid lesion as a cyst is counterintuitive and the term “keratocystic odontogenic tumour” better describes this particular variant.     

牙源性角化囊肿细胞增殖抗原和表皮生长因子受体表达

目的　探讨牙源性角化囊肿衬里上皮细胞的增殖特点。方法　采用免疫组化染色方法 ,对牙源性角化囊肿、成釉细胞瘤、含牙囊肿、正常口腔粘膜上皮中细胞增殖抗原 Ki- 6 7和表皮生长因子受体 (EGFR)的表达进行分析比较。结果　牙源性角化囊肿中 Ki- 6 7表达较含牙囊肿高 ,与正常口腔上皮相似 ;复发的与未复发的牙源性角化囊肿 Ki- 6 7指数无显著性差异。牙源性角化囊肿中 EGFR表达呈阳性。结论　牙源性角化囊肿上皮增殖活跃 ,上皮增殖生长可能与表皮生长因子家族有关。     

Peripheral odontogenic keratocyst

BACKGROUND: An odontogenic keratocyst can develop at virtually any site in the jaws and is of concern because of its aggressive clinical behavior. It represents 3% to 12% of all odontogenic cysts. This paper describes the rare peripheral presentation of an odontogenic keratocyst localized to the maxillary anterior gingiva and its differential diagnosis. METHODS: A patient presented with a round yellow nodule on the maxillary gingiva between the left canine and first premolar. Clinical examination ruled out periapical abscess, periodontal abscess, and lateral periodontal cyst. A differential diagnosis included a gingival cyst, neuroma, neurilemoma, and mesenchymoma. The cyst ruptured during excisional biopsy revealing contents typical of an odontogenic keratocyst (OKC). Histology confirmed the peripheral OKC diagnosis. A conservative surgical treatment was performed assuming a less aggressive clinical course for the peripheral odontogenic keratocyst. Close follow-up was planned. RESULTS: To our knowledge, only 13 cases of peripheral OKC have been reported in the literature. Presently it is unknown if the peripheral variant shares the aggressive clinical behavior and recurrence rate of intraosseous OKC. CONCLUSION: This paper may contribute to the limited clinical knowledge base for the peripheral odontogenic keratocyst and assist clinicians in the identification and management of such lesions.