射频消融与肝脏切除术治疗直径≤2cm肝细胞癌效果的比较:回顾性对比研究

目的回顾性比较经皮射频(RF)消融与肝脏切除术治疗直径≤2cm肝细胞癌(HCC)的效果。材料与方法本研究获机构伦理委员会批准,所有病人在治疗前签署知情同意书。于2003年12月—2008年12月间,对145例直径≤2cm的可切除性HCC病人进行研究。66例病人为中央型HCC     

Radiofrequency ablation combined with chemoembolization in hepatocellular carcinoma: treatment response based on tumor size and morphology

PURPOSE: To evaluate local therapeutic efficacy of radiofrequency (RF) ablation after chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on tumor size and morphology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-four patients underwent RF ablation under ultrasonographic or real-time computed tomographic (CT) fluoroscopic guidance within 2 weeks after chemoembolization. One hundred eight lesions were treated. Sixty-five lesions were small (相似文献   

Radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of small hepatocellular carcinomas: comparison of the radiofrequency effect with and without chemoembolization

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine whether a combination of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization using doxorubicin and radiofrequency ablation can increase tumor destruction compared with radiofrequency alone in the treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma. SUBJECTS AND METHODS. Twenty-one patients with 26 nodules smaller than 3 cm in diameter were treated with radiofrequency ablation. Of these, 10 nodules were treated with a combination of radiofrequency ablation and chemoembolization using doxorubicin. All nodules were evaluated for size of induced coagulation, local recurrence, and complication. RESULTS: The therapeutic areas averaged 27.6 x 22.3 mm using an electrode with a 2-cm tip and 37.2 x 29.1 mm using an electrode with a 3-cm tip. With respect to the results for 14 nodules treated using an electrode with a 3-cm tip with or without chemoembolization, the greatest dimension of the area coagulated by combined therapy was significantly larger (longest axis dimension, 39.9 +/- 4.4 mm; shortest axis dimension, 32.3 +/- 5.2 mm; n = 7 nodules) than areas without chemoembolization (longest axis dimension, 34.6 +/- 2.6 mm; shortest axis dimension, 26.0 +/- 3.3 mm; n = 7 nodules) (longest and shortest axis dimensions, p < 0.05). No recurrence occurred in the nodules smaller than 2 cm in diameter. Among the nodules larger than 2 cm in diameter, one local recurrence was observed in seven nodules treated by combined therapy, while two local recurrences were observed in seven nodules treated by radiofrequency alone. Minor complications developed in three patients, two with persistent high fever and one with biliary stenosis. CONCLUSION: The combination of radiofrequency ablation and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization using doxorubicin markedly increased the extent of induced coagulation compared with radiofrequency alone, despite a small number of patients and the preliminary nature of this study.     

Radiofrequency ablation combined with transarterial chemoembolization for subcapsular hepatocellular carcinoma: A prospective cohort study

Objective

This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of using radiofrequency ablation combined with transarterial chemoembolization to treat hepatocellular carcinoma in a subcapsular location, given the increased risk of complications when using radiofrequency ablation alone.

Materials and methods

From January 2000 to December 2011, 1213 patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (up to three nodules) were screened. Of these, 132 patients with 132 subcapsular nodules (mean size, 3.0 cm; range, 1.2–5.0 cm) were enrolled in the study. After transarterial chemoembolization, percutaneous radiofrequency ablation was performed under ultrasound or C-arm cone-beam computed tomography guidance, on the same day or within 3 days. Local recurrence and survival curves were obtained using the Kaplan–Meier method.

Results

Technical success of treatment was achieved in 130 patients (98.5%). Major complications, including pleural effusion, secondary peritonitis, and liver abscess, occurred in 3 patients (2.3%); the incidence of complications was associated with the number of needle insertions (1–2 vs. 3–4, P = 0.039, Fisher's exact test). No patients developed permanent sequelae, tumor seeding, or tumor bleeding. The 3-year local recurrence rate was 9.7%. Local recurrence was associated with the pretreatment serum des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin level (≤200 mAU/mL vs. >200 mAU/mL, P = 0.019, log-rank test). The 3-, 5-, and 7-year overall survival rates in treatment-naïve cases (n = 82) were 79.3%, 60.6%, and 50.9%, respectively.

Conclusion

Combination therapy using radiofrequency ablation and transarterial chemoembolization was a safe and useful therapeutic option for patients with subcapsular hepatocellular carcinoma.     

射频消融联合肝动脉化疗栓塞治疗肝转移癌

目的 评价射频消融术(RFA)联合肝动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)对于肝转移癌的治疗效果.方法 搜集2005年3月至2010年10月36例肝转移癌患者的临床资料进行分析,其中男22例,女14例;年龄42～82岁,平均(63±12)岁;肿瘤最大径1.5～12.0 cm,平均(4.5±2.4) cm.其中单发转移灶29例,多发转移7例,共47个病灶.患者均为全身化疗失败或无法耐受,且无其他脏器转移证据者.术前CT扫描,对于富血供者先行TACE,术后3周内行RFA;对于乏血供者,先行RFA,术后3周内行TACE.对于多个病灶,采取分次逐一治疗.术后每个月行B超复查及肝功能、血象、肿瘤标记物检查,每3个月行腹部CT增强扫描1次.对于随访过程中肿瘤的局部残存及复发,在可能的前提下仍行RFA+TACE治疗.根据治疗后的影像表现分为病灶完全消融组和病灶部分消融组2个亚组,完全消融组不再进行任何治疗,定期随访观察;部分消融组如无法行进一步RFA治疗,则根据患者情况定期行TACE治疗.随访终点事件为患者死亡.对所有患者的整体生存期及两个亚组的生存期采用SPSS 18.0统计分析软件,Kaplan-Meier方法进行统计分析.结果 RFA全部采用经皮途径在局部麻醉结合静脉基础麻醉下完成,无严重并发症发生.16例患者经过1次或多次联合治疗后达到局部病灶完全消除(病灶完全消融组);20例患者病灶部分消除(病灶部分消融组).随访时间10～40个月,平均(25±10)个月.死亡23例,至今存活13例.中位生存期27个月(95%可信区间:24～32个月).至观察终点1、2、3年生存率分别为91.7%(33/36例)、55.5%(20/36例)、36.1%(13/36例).病灶完全消融组和部分消融组的3年生存率分别为75.0%(12/16例)和5.0%(1/20例),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 RFA+TACE可以有效控制肝转移癌患者肝内病变的进展,延长患者生存期.争取病灶的完全消融是提高疗效的关键.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) combined with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for treating of hepatic metastasis. Methods From Mar. 2005 to Oct. 2010, 22 males and 14 females with hepatic metastasis were enrolled in this study. Mean age of the patients was 63±12 (42-82) years. Tumor size was (4.5±2.4) cm (min.1.5 cm, max. 12.0 cm). Totally 47 lesions were treated with single metastasis in 29 cases and multiple ones in 7 cases. All cases were failed to chemotherapy or could not stand for the side effect of chemotherapy. Contrast enhanced CT scan was given to all patients before RFA+TACE. For lesions with rich blood supply, TACE was given and then RFA. For those with poor blood supply, RFA was given first and then TACE. For multiple lesions, RFA+TACE was given one by one for each lesion. As for follow up, ultrasound and blood check was given monthly. Enhanced CT scan was given every 3 month. For residual lesions or recurrent lesions, RFA+TACE were given repeatedly. The whole patients was divided into two groups according to the image follow up including complete ablation group and partial ablation group. For complete ablation group, no further treatment was given. For partial ablation group, if it was not suitable for further RFA, repeated TACE was given there after. The end point of follow up was death event. Survival of the whole group and the two subgroups was analyzed statistically by Kaplan-Meier method. Results All RFA procedures was given under intravenous anesthesia and local anesthesia, no severe complication was noted. Lesions in 16 patients were completely ablated after single or multiple sections of RFA+TACE. Twenty patients were in the partially ablated group. Follow up time was 25±10 (10-40) months. Twenty-three patients died and 13 kept alive during the follow up time. The estimated median survival time was 27 month (95%CI: 24-32 months). Survival ration at 1, 2, 3 years for the whole group was 91.7%(33/36),55.5%(20/36),36.1%(13/36) for the whole group. The 3 years survival for complete and partial ablation group was 75.0%(12/16),5.0%(1/20),there was a significant difference between the two groups(P<0.01). Conclusion For patients with hepatic metastasis, RFA+TACE can effectively control the local lesion. Complete ablation is the key point for a better survival.     

肝动脉化疗栓塞联合同步DSA-CT引导下射频消融治疗大肝癌的临床研究

目的评估肝动脉化疗栓塞（TACE）联合同步DSA-CT引导下射频消融（RFA）治疗大肝癌（肿瘤最大直径≥5 cm）的安全性和疗效。 方法2010年1月～2012年3月21例原发性肝细胞癌患者接受同步联合治疗。术后定期进行影像学检查并复查甲胎蛋白,评估联合技术成功率、局部肿瘤治疗反应、无疾病复发时间、患者存活情况和技术相关并发症。 结果技术成功率100%,无重要并发症发生。介入术后1个月复查,病灶完全缓解19例（19/21,90.48%）、部分缓解2例（2/21,9.52%）。肿瘤坏死以凝固性坏死为主。在局部灭活肿瘤方面,单结节型完全坏死率（17/17,100%）高于多结节性病灶(2/4,50.00%;P=0.034）。随访2～28个月,19例完全缓解者平均无疾病复发时间为（11.8±6.0）个月。21例患者6、12、18个月生存率均为100%。 结论TACE联合同步DSA-CT引导下RFA治疗大肝癌安全、有效。局部肿瘤灭活方面,单结节型病灶优于多结节病灶。     

Thermal ablation alone vs thermal ablation combined with transarterial chemoembolization for patients with small (<3 cm) hepatocellular carcinoma

PurposeThermal ablation (TA) and transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) may be used alone or in combination (TACE+TA) for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of our study was to compare the time to tumor progression (TTP) and overall survival (OS) for patients who received TA alone or TACE+TA for HCC tumors under 3 cm.Materials and methodsThis HIPAA-compliant IRB-approved retrospective analysis included 85 therapy-naïve patients from 2010 to 2018 (63 males, 22 females, mean age 62.4 ± 8.5 years) who underwent either TA alone (n = 64) or TA in combination with drug-eluting beads (DEB)-TACE (n = 18) or Lipiodol-TACE (n = 3) for locoregional therapy of early stage HCC with maximum tumor diameter under 3 cm. Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed using the log-rank test to assess TTP and OS.ResultsAll TA and TACE+TA treatments included were technically successful. TTP was 23.0 months in the TA group and 22.0 months in the TACE+TA group. There was no statistically significant difference in TTP (p = 0.64). Median OS was 69.7 months in the TA group and 64.6 months in the TACE+TA group. There was no statistically significant difference in OS (p = 0.14). The treatment cohorts had differences in AFP levels (p = 0.03) and BCLC stage (p = 0.047). Complication rates between patient groups were similar (p = 0.61).ConclusionFor patients with HCC under 3 cm, TA alone and TACE+TA have similar outcomes in terms of TTP and OS, suggesting that TACE+TA may not be needed for these tumors unless warranted by tumor location or other technical consideration.     

Liver abscess after percutaneous radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinomas: frequency and risk factors

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to clarify the frequency and risk factors of liver abscess formation after percutaneous radiofrequency ablation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Over a 4-year period, 603 patients with 831 hepatocellular carcinomas measuring 5 cm or less in maximum diameter who underwent a total of 751 percutaneous radiofrequency ablation procedures were enrolled in this study. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and analyzed the overall frequency of liver abscess, risk factors for abscess, and clinical features of the patients. The relationships between liver abscess and potential risk factors were analyzed using either generalized estimating equations or multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Liver abscess developed in 14 tumors of 13 patients after 13 (13/751 [1.7%]) ablation procedures. Generalized estimating equations and multiple logistic regression analysis of various potential risk factors revealed that preexisting biliary abnormality prone to ascending biliary infection (p = 0.0088), tumor with retention of iodized oil from previous transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (p = 0.040), and treatment with an internally cooled electrode system (p = 0.016) were associated with a significant risk of liver abscess formation. No patient died of liver abscess, and all successfully recovered from liver abscess with parenteral antibiotics and percutaneous clearance of pus. CONCLUSION: Although liver abscess formation was infrequent in patients who underwent percutaneous radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma, the patients with significant risk factors-preexisting biliary abnormality prone to ascending biliary infection, tumor with retention of iodized oil, and treatment with an internally cooled electrode system-for liver abscess formation should be closely monitored after treatment.     

Single-session combined radiofrequency ablation and transarterial chemoembolization in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma

Aim of the study

To evaluate the efficacy of the combined use of both transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in a single session for the treatment of large (≥3?cm in diameter) hepatocellular carcinoma.

TACE联合射频消融治疗原发性肝癌疗效的影响因素分析

目的 探讨射频消融(RFA)联合TACE治疗原发性肝癌完全缓解的影响因素.方法 62例原发性肝癌患者在TACE后1个月内在静脉麻醉下行CT引导RFA治疗,在1个月后采用多期增强CT或平扫加动态增强MRI评估肿瘤是否完全消融.结果 完全消融率为79%,肿瘤残留率21%.肿瘤最大径在30 mm以下的完全消融率为100%,30 ～ 50 mm完全消融率为92.6%,50 ～ 70 mm完全消融率为53.8%,而最大径超过70 mm的患者完全消融率仅22.2%(P ＜ 0.01);肿瘤距离肝脏脏面≥ 10 mm和＜ 10 mm的患者完全消融率分别为83.7%和46.2%(P ＝ 0.01);单发肿瘤和多发肿瘤患者完全消融率分别为84.8%和50%(P ＝ 0.014).结论 肿瘤最大径是影响肝癌TACE后完全消融的重要因素.影响肿瘤完全消融的因素还包括肿瘤毗邻肝脏脏面,肿瘤多发等.     

肝动脉化疗栓塞联合射频消融术治疗大肝癌的疗效及生存分析

目的 研究肝动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)联合射频消融术(RFA)对比单一TACE治疗大肝癌患者的临床疗效及生存分析.方法 回顾性分析2011年7月-2014年7月接受治疗的原发性大肝癌患者67例,按治疗方式的不同分为对照组(仅行TACE治疗)32例和研究组(TACE联合RFA治疗)35例,采用修订的实体瘤治疗疗效评价标准(mRECIST标准)判定治疗后的近期疗效,并对所有患者随访.结果 术后1个月对患者治疗的近期疗效进行评估,研究组CR为68.5％(24/35),PR为22.8％(8/35),SD为8.6％ (3/35),对比对照组CR为40.6％ (13/32),PR为46.8％(15/32),SD为6.3％ (2/32),PD为6.3％(2/32),两组患者CR及PR间差异有统计学意义(P=0.022,P=0.039),但两组的客观有效率(ORR)以及疾病控制率(DCR)差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);研究组1、2、3年生存率分别为74.3％、44.1％、20.5％,中位生存时间为22个月,对照组术后生存率分别为52.8％、23.1％、7.9％,中位生存时间为13个月.两组对比分析生存率差异有统计学意义(P=0.035).结论 应用TACE联合RFA治疗大肝癌患者具有良好的近期疗效,但与单一TACE相比差异无统计学意义,远期疗效方面能有效延长患者的生存时间,两种治疗方法优势互补,对于大肝癌患者的远期预后水平具有重要的临床意义.     

经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞术联合微波消融治疗肝癌的精准护理研究

目的：探讨精准护理在经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞术（TACE）联合微波消融（MWA）治疗肝癌患者中的应用效果。 方法：将我院介入血管外科2016年11月至2017年10月收治60例TACE联合MWA治疗的肝癌患者,按前后时间顺序分为对照组（30例）和观察组（30例）,对照组采取常规护理,观察组在对照组的基础上,采用精准护理方法,对比两组患者术后尿储留、恶心呕吐、腰酸背痛、失眠发生率,健康知识知晓率和护理满意率。 结果：观察组患者的术后尿储留、恶心呕吐、腰酸背痛、失眠发生率明显低于对照组（P<0.05）;健康知识知晓率和护理满意率高于对照组（P<0.05）。 结论：精准护理方法运用于TACE联合MWA治疗肝癌患者中,可显著降低术后不良反应的发生,增加介入治疗术后整体舒适度,提高健康知识知晓率和护理满意率。     

Arterioportal shunt: prevalence in small hemangiomas versus that in hepatocellular carcinomas 3 cm or smaller at two-phase helical CT

PURPOSE: To compare the prevalence of arterioportal (AP) shunting associated with (a) small (< or =3 cm) hemangiomas and (b) hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) (< or =3 cm) at two-phase helical computed tomography (CT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two-phase helical liver CT was performed in 107 patients (61 men, 46 women; age range, 25-73 years; mean, 48.6 years) with 169 small hemangiomas and in 384 patients (292 men, 92 women; age range, 18-82 years; mean, 58.3 years) with 598 HCCs 3 cm or smaller. Diagnosis of HCC was verified with histologic findings (n = 30) or typical imaging and clinical findings (n = 568); that of all hemangiomas was verified with typical imaging and clinical findings. Three radiologists retrospectively reviewed all CT images in consensus. Contrast material-enhanced CT scans were obtained during the hepatic arterial and portal venous phases. AP shunt was considered to be present when wedge-shaped or irregularly shaped homogeneous enhancement peripheral to tumor appeared at hepatic arterial phase CT and isoattenuation or slight hyperattenuation in that area appeared at portal phase CT. The prevalence of AP shunting associated with hemangiomas and that associated with HCCs were compared with multivariate model testing. Speed of lesion enhancement (rapid enhancement, when extent of intratumoral enhancement at hepatic arterial phase CT was >50%; slow enhancement, when extent of intratumoral enhancement was < or =50%) and presence of AP shunt were correlated with chi2 or Fisher exact testing. RESULTS: AP shunts were more frequently found in hemangiomas (36 lesions [21.3%]) than in HCCs (25 lesions [4.2%]) (P <.001). Twenty-four (38%) of the 64 hemangiomas with rapid enhancement had AP shunts, whereas only 12 (11.4%) of the 105 hemangiomas with slow enhancement had AP shunts (P <.001). There was no significant difference between prevalence of AP shunt in the 573 HCCs with rapid enhancement (24 lesions, 4.2%) and that in the 25 HCCs with slow enhancement (one lesion, 4.0%). CONCLUSION: AP shunts were more frequently seen at two-phase helical CT in small hepatic hemangiomas than in HCCs and thus represent a suggestive but not specific finding of hemangioma. Small hemangiomas with AP shunts tend to show rapid rather than slow enhancement.