分化型甲状腺癌术后^99Tc^m—MIBI显像与^131 I显像比较及其意义

目的：探讨分化型甲状腺癌（DTC）术后^99Tc^m—MIBI显像结果的意义。方法：300例DTC术后患者中随机选取69例行^99Tc^m-MIBI显像。2名有经验核医学医师盲法阅片。将^99Tc^mMIBI显像结果与治疗后^131I显像结果比较。另对经高分辨CT或治疗后^131 I显像诊断肺转移和无肺转移患者行半定量分析,比较靶本底比值（T／B）。结果：排除1例死于血管肉瘤者,余按照手术方式及^131 I治疗情况分为3组（A组：44例甲状腺癌术后拟^131I治疗组;B组：22例有再次^131I治疗指征组;C组：2例甲状腺大部切除组）。A组^99 Tc^m-MIBI显示残余甲状腺34．1％（15／44）,转移灶30．0％（6／20）。B组^9^Tc ^m-MIBI显示复发及转移灶63．6％（7/11）。C组^99Tc^mMI—BI显示残余甲状腺100．0％（2／2）,并为唯一一种发现颈部转移显像方法。5例患者同时存在多种性质转移灶：MI—BI＋I-,MIBI-I＋及MIBI＋I＋。肺转移与无肺转移患者T/B比值差异无统计学意义。结论：^99Tc^m -MIBI可发现分化好及失分化病灶,联合^131 I显像为DTC术后患者选择治疗方式提供重要信息,有临床应用价值。     

分化型甲状腺癌术后99Tcm-MIBI显像与131Ⅰ显像比较及其意义

目的:探讨分化型甲状腺癌(DTC)术后99 Tcm-MIBI显像结果的意义。方法:300例DTC术后患者中随机选取69例行99 Tcm-MIBI显像。2名有经验核医学医师盲法阅片。将99 Tcm-MIBI显像结果与治疗后131I显像结果比较。另对经高分辨CT或治疗后131I显像诊断肺转移和无肺转移患者行半定量分析,比较靶本底比值(T/B)。结果:排除1例死于血管肉瘤者,余按照手术方式及131I治疗情况分为3组(A组:44例甲状腺癌术后拟131I治疗组;B组:22例有再次131I治疗指征组;C组:2例甲状腺大部切除组)。A组99 Tcm-MIBI显示残余甲状腺34.1%(15/44),转移灶30.0%(6/20)。B组99 Tcm-MIBI显示复发及转移灶63.6%(7/11)。C组99 Tcm-MI-BI显示残余甲状腺100.0%(2/2),并为唯一一种发现颈部转移显像方法。5例患者同时存在多种性质转移灶:MI-BI+I-,MIBI-I+及MIBI+I+。肺转移与无肺转移患者T/B比值差异无统计学意义。结论:99 Tcm-MIBI可发现分化好及失分化病灶,联合131I显像为DTC术后患者选择治疗方式提供重要信息,有临床应用价值。     

^99mTc—MIBI显像诊断甲状腺癌的临床价值

目的 探讨＾９９ｍＴｃ－甲氧基异丁基异睛（ＭＩＢＩ）对鉴别甲状腺冷（凉）结有恶性的临床价值。方法 对６１例＾９９ｍＴｃ－高得酸钠（＾９９ｍＴｃＯ４＾－）显像为冷（凉）结节的患者行＾９９ｍＴｃ－ＭＩＢＩ显像１５例阳性,其中６例有淋巴结转移者淋巴结均呈阳性;另外４４例为甲状腺良性病变,８例假阳性。诊断的灵敏度、特异性和假阳性率分别为８８．２４％（１５／１７）,８．８２％（３６／４４）和１８．１８％（８     

核素显像诊断乳腺癌研究进展

无创伤性诊断乳腺肿瘤一直是临床研究热点。核索显像诊断乳腺癌近几年研究异常活跃,^99, Tc-甲氧基异丁基异腈（MIBI）乳腺显像对乳腺癌定性诊断、评价多药耐药现象及预测化疗效果有很高的临床价值;生长抑索受体显像与^99m Tc-MIBI显像相比有更广阔的应用前景。^18F脱氧葡萄糖正电子发射断层显像有很高的应用价值,但高昂的费用限制了其在临床的广泛应用。     

99Tcm-MIBI SPECT-CT同机图像融合技术在乳腺肿瘤显像及淋巴结转移判断中的应用

目的 探讨99Tcm-MIBI SPECT-CT同机图像融合技术对于乳腺肿瘤显像及淋巴结转移判断的临床应用价值.方法 对80例女性乳腺肿块患者行99Tcm-MlBI乳腺及腋窝淋巴结平面显像及99Tcm-MIBI SPECT-CT显像.所有患者均有手术后病理检查结果做对照.结果 80例患者中SPECT-CT融合图像对乳腺癌诊断的灵敏度88.2%(45/51),高于平面显像的82.4%(42/51).两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).SPECT-CT融合图像对原发性乳腺癌诊断的特异度、准确度分别为93.1%(26/29)、90%(71/80),均高于平面显像的79.3%(23/29)、81.3%(65/80).平面显像检测腋淋巴结的灵敏度77.2%(17/22),特异度86.2%(25/29),准确度82.4%(42/51),SPECT-CT融合图像检测腋淋巴结的灵敏度81.8%(18/22),特异度89.7%(26/29),准确度86.3%(44/51).两者比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05).结论 SPECT-CT图像融合显像技术在乳腺癌诊断的灵敏度、特异度和准确度均高于平面显像.在乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结转移探测方面SPECT/CT图像融合与平面显像相似.     

99Tcm-MIBI SPECT-CT同机图像融合技术在乳腺肿瘤显像及淋巴结转移判断中的应用

目的 探讨99Tcm-MIBI SPECT-CT同机图像融合技术对于乳腺肿瘤显像及淋巴结转移判断的临床应用价值.方法 对80例女性乳腺肿块患者行99Tcm-MlBI乳腺及腋窝淋巴结平面显像及99Tcm-MIBI SPECT-CT显像.所有患者均有手术后病理检查结果做对照.结果 80例患者中SPECT-CT融合图像对乳腺癌诊断的灵敏度88.2%(45/51),高于平面显像的82.4%(42/51).两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).SPECT-CT融合图像对原发性乳腺癌诊断的特异度、准确度分别为93.1%(26/29)、90%(71/80),均高于平面显像的79.3%(23/29)、81.3%(65/80).平面显像检测腋淋巴结的灵敏度77.2%(17/22),特异度86.2%(25/29),准确度82.4%(42/51),SPECT-CT融合图像检测腋淋巴结的灵敏度81.8%(18/22),特异度89.7%(26/29),准确度86.3%(44/51).两者比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05).结论 SPECT-CT图像融合显像技术在乳腺癌诊断的灵敏度、特异度和准确度均高于平面显像.在乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结转移探测方面SPECT/CT图像融合与平面显像相似.     

99Tcm-MIBI SPECT-CT同机图像融合技术在乳腺肿瘤显像及淋巴结转移判断中的应用

目的 探讨99Tcm-MIBI SPECT-CT同机图像融合技术对于乳腺肿瘤显像及淋巴结转移判断的临床应用价值.方法 对80例女性乳腺肿块患者行99Tcm-MlBI乳腺及腋窝淋巴结平面显像及99Tcm-MIBI SPECT-CT显像.所有患者均有手术后病理检查结果做对照.结果 80例患者中SPECT-CT融合图像对乳腺癌诊断的灵敏度88.2%(45/51),高于平面显像的82.4%(42/51).两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).SPECT-CT融合图像对原发性乳腺癌诊断的特异度、准确度分别为93.1%(26/29)、90%(71/80),均高于平面显像的79.3%(23/29)、81.3%(65/80).平面显像检测腋淋巴结的灵敏度77.2%(17/22),特异度86.2%(25/29),准确度82.4%(42/51),SPECT-CT融合图像检测腋淋巴结的灵敏度81.8%(18/22),特异度89.7%(26/29),准确度86.3%(44/51).两者比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05).结论 SPECT-CT图像融合显像技术在乳腺癌诊断的灵敏度、特异度和准确度均高于平面显像.在乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结转移探测方面SPECT/CT图像融合与平面显像相似.     

99Tcm-MIBI SPECT-CT同机图像融合技术在乳腺肿瘤显像及淋巴结转移判断中的应用

目的 探讨99Tcm-MIBI SPECT-CT同机图像融合技术对于乳腺肿瘤显像及淋巴结转移判断的临床应用价值.方法 对80例女性乳腺肿块患者行99Tcm-MlBI乳腺及腋窝淋巴结平面显像及99Tcm-MIBI SPECT-CT显像.所有患者均有手术后病理检查结果做对照.结果 80例患者中SPECT-CT融合图像对乳腺癌诊断的灵敏度88.2%(45/51),高于平面显像的82.4%(42/51).两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).SPECT-CT融合图像对原发性乳腺癌诊断的特异度、准确度分别为93.1%(26/29)、90%(71/80),均高于平面显像的79.3%(23/29)、81.3%(65/80).平面显像检测腋淋巴结的灵敏度77.2%(17/22),特异度86.2%(25/29),准确度82.4%(42/51),SPECT-CT融合图像检测腋淋巴结的灵敏度81.8%(18/22),特异度89.7%(26/29),准确度86.3%(44/51).两者比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05).结论 SPECT-CT图像融合显像技术在乳腺癌诊断的灵敏度、特异度和准确度均高于平面显像.在乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结转移探测方面SPECT/CT图像融合与平面显像相似.     

99Tcm-MIBI SPECT-CT同机图像融合技术在乳腺肿瘤显像及淋巴结转移判断中的应用

目的 探讨99Tcm-MIBI SPECT-CT同机图像融合技术对于乳腺肿瘤显像及淋巴结转移判断的临床应用价值.方法 对80例女性乳腺肿块患者行99Tcm-MlBI乳腺及腋窝淋巴结平面显像及99Tcm-MIBI SPECT-CT显像.所有患者均有手术后病理检查结果做对照.结果 80例患者中SPECT-CT融合图像对乳腺癌诊断的灵敏度88.2%(45/51),高于平面显像的82.4%(42/51).两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).SPECT-CT融合图像对原发性乳腺癌诊断的特异度、准确度分别为93.1%(26/29)、90%(71/80),均高于平面显像的79.3%(23/29)、81.3%(65/80).平面显像检测腋淋巴结的灵敏度77.2%(17/22),特异度86.2%(25/29),准确度82.4%(42/51),SPECT-CT融合图像检测腋淋巴结的灵敏度81.8%(18/22),特异度89.7%(26/29),准确度86.3%(44/51).两者比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05).结论 SPECT-CT图像融合显像技术在乳腺癌诊断的灵敏度、特异度和准确度均高于平面显像.在乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结转移探测方面SPECT/CT图像融合与平面显像相似.     

99Tcm-MIBI SPECT-CT同机图像融合技术在乳腺肿瘤显像及淋巴结转移判断中的应用

目的 探讨99Tcm-MIBI SPECT-CT同机图像融合技术对于乳腺肿瘤显像及淋巴结转移判断的临床应用价值.方法 对80例女性乳腺肿块患者行99Tcm-MlBI乳腺及腋窝淋巴结平面显像及99Tcm-MIBI SPECT-CT显像.所有患者均有手术后病理检查结果做对照.结果 80例患者中SPECT-CT融合图像对乳腺癌诊断的灵敏度88.2%(45/51),高于平面显像的82.4%(42/51).两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).SPECT-CT融合图像对原发性乳腺癌诊断的特异度、准确度分别为93.1%(26/29)、90%(71/80),均高于平面显像的79.3%(23/29)、81.3%(65/80).平面显像检测腋淋巴结的灵敏度77.2%(17/22),特异度86.2%(25/29),准确度82.4%(42/51),SPECT-CT融合图像检测腋淋巴结的灵敏度81.8%(18/22),特异度89.7%(26/29),准确度86.3%(44/51).两者比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05).结论 SPECT-CT图像融合显像技术在乳腺癌诊断的灵敏度、特异度和准确度均高于平面显像.在乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结转移探测方面SPECT/CT图像融合与平面显像相似.     

Prognostic value of the 131I whole-body scan in postsurgical therapy for differentiated thyroid cancer

Seventy-two patients affected by differentiated thyroid cancer underwent whole-body scan seven days after the postsurgical thyroablative treatment with 131I. In 40 patients this scanning did not reveal any area of 131I uptake outside the residual thyroid parenchyma. During the follow-up period, no signs of functioning tumors were detected in these patients and therefore, there was no need for further therapeutic treatment with radioiodine. From this results it is legitimate to conclude that whole-body scan control can be significantly postponed without diagnostic inaccuracy for those patients whose postthyroablative scans do not reveal diffuse tumor localizations.     

Clinical approach in patients with metastatic differentiated thyroid carcinoma and negative 131I whole body scintigraphy: importance of 99mTc MIBI scan combined with high resolution neck ultrasonography.

AIMS AND BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to define the clinical impact of MIBI scan combined with neck ultrasonography on the detection of metastates in differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) patients with elevated serum Tg levels but negative 131I scan (non-functioning DTC). METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN: Eighty-two patients with non-functioning DTC, 19 patients with 131I-positive metastases (functioning DTC), and 24 DTC patients who were disease free after therapy (no cancer patients) were enrolled. 131I scan was performed after administration of low diagnostic and high therapeutic tracer doses. Early and delayed images were obtained after MIBI injection. Neck-chest CT scan and/or MRI were also performed in patients with non-functioning DTC. RESULTS: In the group of non-functioning DTC patients, metastatic foci were detected in 71/82 cases: in the cervical lymph nodes in 51 cases (sensitivity 94.1% with MIBI, 90.2% with US, 35.3% with CT/MRI), mediastinal lymph nodes in 31 cases (sensitivity 100% with MIBI, 58% with CT/MRI), lungs in 8 cases (sensitivity 100% with both MIBI and CT/MRI), and bone in 2 cases (sensitivity 50% with MIBI, 100% with MDP bone scan). Among the 19 patients with functioning DTC a close relationship between MIBI and 131I findings was observed. As regards the 24 tumor-free patients, MIBI was correctly negative in all cases, while US visualized enlarged cervical lymph nodes that were suspected to be neoplastic but proved to be inflammatory lesions at cytology in three patients. CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of these data, MIBI scan combined with neck US could be proposed as a first-line diagnostic imaging modality in the follow-up of DTC patients with elevated serum Tg levels and negative 131I scan.     

^131碘全身显像、甲状腺球蛋白测定及颈部超声检查在分化型甲状腺癌^131碘治疗随访中的意义

目的：探讨^131I一全身显像（^131I—WBS）、甲状腺球蛋白（Tg）测定及颈部B超检查在分化型甲状腺癌术后^131I治疗随访中的意义。方法：31例分化型甲状腺癌术后^131I治疗患者,治疗前后及随访中行甲状腺吸^131I率、颈部B超、^131I显像及甲状腺球蛋白测定。结果：治疗剂量^131I—WBS较诊断剂量^131I—WBS多发现3例转移灶;64人次Tg与^131I—WBS检查结果：Tg与^131I—WBS均阳性者19／64,均阴性者35／64,Tg阳性而^131I—WBS阴性者5／64,Tg阴性而^131I—WBS阳性者5／64;B超发现颈部淋巴结增大者为80．6％。结论：^131I治疗分化型甲状腺癌转移灶效果突出,^131I—WBS、Tg测定与颈部B超在其随访中联合应用可以相互补充,具有重要意义。     

Using technetium-99m-tetrofosmin scan to predict chemotherapy response of malignant lymphomas, compared with P-glycoprotein and multidrug resistance related protein expression

The ability of technetium-99m tetrofosmin (Tc-TF) scan to predict chemotherapy response in malignant lymphomas (ML) was compared with the predictive ability of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) and multidrug resistance related protein (MRP) expression. Before chemotherapy, 25 ML patients were enrolled in this study. Scans were performed 10 min after intravenous injection of Tc-TF. Immunohistochemical analyses were performed on ML specimen sections to evaluate Pgp and MRP expression. Chemotherapy response was evaluated in the first 1-2 years after completion of chemotherapy. Based on Tc-TF scan results, the mean tumor-to-background (T/B) ratio of the 15 patients with good response (3.23 +/- 0.56) was significantly higher than that of the 10 patients with poor response (1.18 +/- 0.11). All 15 patients with good response had positive Tc-TF scan results but negative Pgp and MRP expression. All 10 patients with poor response had negative Tc-TF scan results but positive Pgp or MRP expression. No significant differences in the incidences of good and poor response results were found for patients with Hodgkin's disease versus non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, with stage I-II versus stage III-IV, with age > 40 versus age < or = 40 years, or with B symptoms versus without B symptoms. Tc-TF scan results, which may represent either Pgp or MRP expression, accurately predict chemotherapy response in patients with ML.     

Comparison of whole-body FDG-PET to bone scan for detection of bone metastases in patients with a new diagnosis of lung cancer

The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy and agreement of whole-body positron-emission tomography (PET) scan to bone scintigraphy for the detection of bony metastases in staging patients with newly diagnosed lung cancer. The tumor registry and nuclear medicine database at our institution were queried and identified all patients between July 1998 and August 2002 with a new diagnosis of lung cancer, a whole-body 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose (FDG)-PET scan, and a bone scan prior to therapy. All of these patients' radiologic reports were then retrospectively reviewed, and confirmation of bone metastases was determined by consideration of all available clinical information. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for each study were then calculated. Two hundred and fifty-seven patients fulfilled the entrance criteria. One hundred and four patients (40%) presented with stage IV disease, and bone metastases were confirmed in 57 (22%) patients. The accuracies of PET and bone scan were 94 and 85% (P < 0.05), sensitivity values were 91 and 75%, and specificity values were 96 and 95%, respectively. The weighted-kappa statistic suggested moderate agreement between the two modalities KW = 0.510, 95% CI, 0.402-0.618). The use of both whole-body PET and bone scintigraphy as initial staging studies in lung cancer patients provides redundant information about the presence of bony metastases. The improvement in accuracy and sensitivity with PET suggests bone scan can be eliminated from the staging evaluation at presentation. Due to its retrospective nature, the results of this study are subject to several forms of bias including selection bias, verification bias, test review bias, and incorporation bias. A prospective trial with appropriate verification of bony metastases is suggested to confirm the results.     

Implications of mediastinal uptake of 131I with regard to surgery in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma

BACKGROUND: Findings of mediastinal uptake of 131I after surgical treatment for differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) are common, especially in young patients. Given the frequency of false-positive findings, a protocol for diagnostic and therapeutic strategies would be useful. With the goal of accurately selecting management strategies, the authors analyzed their data and data found elsewhere in the literature for correlations with the incidence of mediastinal 131I uptake and with treatment for patients exhibiting such 131I uptake. METHODS: All patients with DTC who were treated between 1978 and 2000 at Groningen University Hospital (Groningen, The Netherlands) and who received adjuvant 131I ablation therapy were included in the current analysis, which involved retrospective review of all relevant data. RESULTS: Five hundred four patients with DTC initially underwent total thyroidectomy, with additional 131I ablation performed for 489 of these patients. In 48 of 489 patients (9.8%), 131I uptake was seen in the mediastinum on a posttreatment scan. Analysis of those 48 patients and of cases in the literature demonstrated that serum thyroglobulin levels, risk status, and the presence of thymus on radiologic images were important in the surgical decision-making process. CONCLUSIONS: Mediastinal uptake of 131I on posttreatment scans was found in approximately 10% of patients after total thyroidectomy for DTC. Based on the current data and the data presented in the literature, the authors developed a flow chart for determining appropriate treatment strategies, which included mediastinal dissection for high-risk patients and for patients with serum thyroglobulin levels > 10 ng/mL.     

Functional imaging of multidrug resistant phenotype by 99mTc-MIBI scan in patients with multiple myeloma

Overexpression of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) is one of the primary mechanisms of multidrug resistance (MDR) in several diseases, including multiple myeloma. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the washout of 99mTc-MIBI, a transport substrate of Pgp, is enhanced in the bone marrow of patients with multiple myeloma overexpressing Pgp. Seventeen (17) patients were i.v. injected with 555 MBq of 99mTc-MIBI, and whole-body scans were performed at 10 and 60 minutes. A region of interest (ROI) was drawn over the thoracic spine of each scan, and the washout of 99mTc-MIBI was calculated, after decay correction, as: (10-minute counts/pixel minus 60-minute counts/pixel) divided by 10-minute counts/pixel. Pgp expression was determined in 17 bone marrow samples obtained from the same patients immediately before the 99mTc-MIBI scan. Following centrifugation over the Ficoll-Hypaque gradient, cytospins were obtained and immunostained with C219 monoclonal antibody. The immunostaining of Pgp was graded as 1, 2, or 3 when a faint, moderate, or intense reaction, respectively, was observed in infiltrating plasma cells. Washout of 99mTc-MIBI ranged between 5% and 26%. A statistically significant direct correlation was found between the washout of the tracer and Pgp expression (Spearman rank correlation coefficient r = 0.74, p < 0.001). A partial overlap of washout values was observed in different classes of Pgp expression, thus preventing the discrimination of individual patients. Washout of 99mTc-MIBI, expressed as the percentage of radioactivity cleared from the bone marrow over a 1-hour period, may be used as a noninvasive tool for in vivo whole-body imaging of Pgp expression and function in multiple myeloma patients.