异丙酚静脉麻醉用于腹腔镜胆囊切除术的临床观察

目的观察以异丙酚为主的全凭静脉麻醉用于腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)时对患者血流动力学及术后的恢复影响。方法将60例ASAI-Ⅱ级择期行LC病人随机分为异丙酚组(30例)和异氟醚组(30例),分别观察入手术室麻醉前,手术开始气腹前,气腹后5min,术毕和拔管时的HR、SBP、DBP、SpO2,停药后记录拔除气管导管的时间,清醒程度以及术中知晓和术后恶心、呕吐的情况。结果异丙酚组手术开始即刻,气腹后5min,及术毕HR、SBP、DBP与术前基础值无明显变化(P均>0.05);而异氟醚组气腹后5min的HR、SBP、DBP比术前明显增快和升高(P均<0.01),两组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05)。异丙酚组拔管时间明显缩短,病人的恶心、呕吐发生率明显低于异氟醚组(P均<0.01)。结论异丙酚全凭静脉麻醉用于LC,具有血流动力学稳定,麻醉效果满意,苏醒迅速,术后恶心、呕吐发生率低等优点。     

异丙酚静脉麻醉用于腹腔镜胆囊切除术的临床观察

目的:观察以异丙酚为主的全凭静脉麻醉用于腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)时对患者血流动力学及术后的恢复影响。方法:将100例ASAⅠ级～Ⅱ级择期行LC病人随机分为异丙酚组(50例)和七氟醚组(50例),分别观察入手术室麻醉前,手术开始气腹前,气腹后5min,术毕和拔管时的HR、SBP、DBP、SpO2,停药后记录拔除气管导管的时间,清醒程度以及术中知晓和术后恶心、呕吐的情况。结果:异丙酚组手术开始即刻,气腹后5min,及术毕HR、SBP、DBP与术前基础值无明显变化(P均>0.05);而七氟醚组气腹后5min的HR、SBP、DBP比术前明显增快和升高(P均<0.01),两组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05)。异丙酚组拔管时间缩短,病人的恶心、呕吐发生率明显低于七氟醚组(P均<0.01)。结论:异丙酚全凭静脉麻醉用于LC,具有血流动力学稳定,麻醉效果满意,苏醒迅速,术后恶心、呕吐发生率低等优点。     

拉贝洛尔复合硝酸甘油对高血压患者围拔管期血流动力学的影响

目的:观察拉贝洛尔复合硝酸甘油对高血压患者全身麻醉腹腔镜胆囊切除术围拔管期血流动力学的影响.方法:60例ASAⅡ或Ⅲ级择期行全身麻醉腹腔镜胆囊切除术的高血压患者随机分为拉贝洛尔组(L组)、硝酸甘油组(N组)、拉贝洛尔复合硝酸甘油组(LN组),每组20例.L组:拔除气管导管前2min静脉注射拉贝洛尔注射液0.4mg/kg;N组:手术结束前5min停止泵入瑞芬太尼、丙泊酚,立即泵入硝酸甘油0.2～0.5μg/(kg·min),拔管前2min静脉注射生理盐水5ml;LN组:停止泵入瑞芬太尼、丙泊酚,立即泵入硝酸甘油0.2～0.5μg/(kg·min),拔管前2min静脉注射拉贝洛尔注射液0.4mg/kg.所有患者连续监测心电图(ECG)、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、心率(HR)、脉搏血氧饱和度(SPO2)和呼气末二氧化碳分压(PETCO2),并计算心率和收缩压乘积(RPP).结果:与给药前比较:L组SBP、DBP、RPP于拔除气管导管时、拔除气管导管后1min显著性升高(P＜0.05),而HR无显著性变化;N组HR、RPP于拔除气管导管时、拔除气管导管后1min显著性升高(P＜0.05),而SBP、DBP升高无显著性;拉贝洛尔复合硝酸甘油LN组HR、SBP、DBP、RPP于拔除气管导管时、拔除气管导管后1min均无显著性变化.与LN组相应时点比较,L组SBP、DBP、RPP于拔除气管导管时、拔除气管导管后1 min显著性升高(P＜0.05),而HR无显著性变化;N组HR、RPP于拔除气管导管时、拔除气管导管后1min显著性升高(P＜0.05),而SBP、DBP无显著性变化.结论:拉贝洛尔复合硝酸甘油可有效抑制高血压患者围拔管期不良心血管反应.     

雷米芬太尼-丙泊酚复合静脉麻醉在腹腔镜胃穿孔修补术的应用

目的探讨雷米芬太尼-丙泊酚复合静脉麻醉用于腹腔镜胃穿孔修补术的安全性。方法选择ASAⅡ~Ⅲ级的30例胃穿孔病人,采用雷米芬太尼-丙泊酚复合静脉麻醉进行胃穿孔修补术,观察诱导前、诱导后、插管后1 min、气腹10 min、术中30 min及术毕的HR、SBP、DBP、SpO2和PETCO2变化情况及术后苏醒时间、拔除气管导管时间、术后疼痛和恶心呕吐发生情况。结果诱导后HR、SBP、DBP较诱导前明显下降(P<0.05),但随后又逐渐恢复正常;SpO2和PETCO2在整个麻醉期间无明显变化(P>0.05);病人于术后7~16 min内苏醒,22 min左右拔除气管导管,无一例应用拮抗药,术后疼痛5例,恶心呕吐6例。结论雷米芬太尼-丙泊酚复合静脉麻醉用于腹腔镜胃穿孔修补术麻醉效果满意,术后苏醒快,恢复好,是一种较为理想的麻醉方式。     

瑞芬太尼与丙泊酚全凭静脉麻醉对腹腔胆囊切除术伴高血压患者围拔管期心血管反应的影响

目的探讨高血压患者瑞芬太尼、丙泊酚全凭静脉麻醉腹腔镜胆囊切除术围拔管期心血管反应的预防措施。方法60例ASAⅡ~Ⅲ级择期行腹腔镜胆囊切除高血压患者随机等分为两组,达到拔除气管导管指征时:对照组静脉注射利多卡因注射液(1.0 mg/kg) 瑞芬太尼(0.3μg/kg)稀释液5 ml,而观察组给予盐酸艾司洛尔注射液(1.0 mg/kg) 瑞芬太尼(0.3μg/kg)稀释液5 ml。连续监测心电图(ECG)、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、心率(HR)、呼气末二氧化碳分压(PETCO2)和脉搏氧饱和度(SpO2)。记录给药前(基础值)、拔除气管导管时、拔管后1,5,10 min SBP,DBP,HR及ECG的ST段的变化,并计算心率和收缩压乘积(RPP)。记录手术时间、术毕患者清醒时间、拔除气管导管时间和麻醉期间用药量。结果与给药前比较:对照组SBP,DBP,HR和RPP于拔除气管导管时至拔管后1 min或5 min显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01);观察组HR和RPP从拔除气管导管时至拔除管后10 min均显著下降(P<0.05),SBP,DBP则无显著变化(P>0.05)。与观察组比较,对照组HR和RPP于拔管后1,5,10 min均显著加快或升高(P<0.05或P<0.01),而SBP,DBP于拔管后1 min均显著升高(P<0.01)。围拔管期间对照组镇静程度明显差于观察组(P<0.01)。结论拔管前静脉注射艾司洛尔(1.0 mg/kg) 瑞芬太尼(0.3μg/kg)可有效抑制高血压患者瑞芬太尼、丙泊酚全凭静脉麻醉腹腔镜胆囊切除术围拔管期不良心血管反应的发生。     

异丙酚全凭静脉麻醉应用于腹腔镜手术的效果观察

目的探讨异丙酚全凭静脉麻醉应用于腹腔镜手术的效果,寻求临床安全有效的方法.方法择期全麻手术患者60例,随机分成两组,对照组(组Ⅰ,n=30),观察组(组Ⅱ,n=30).诱导插管后,麻醉维持组Ⅱ,以异丙酚lmg/kg静脉注射,同时用美国百特Baxter AS40A型微量泵持续静注异丙酚10mg/kg/hr,10min,以后8mg/kg/hr,10min后6mg/kg/hr.组Ⅰ,以静吸复合麻醉,异氟醚1～1.5MAC,两组均间断静注芬太尼2μg/kg/hr、维库溴铵0.1mg/kg/hr,两组至术毕停药.比较麻醉效果,诱导前、气腹后5、10、15min、气腹毕、术毕的SBP、DBP、HR、SpO2、拔管时间、清醒程度及不良反应,以统计学分析结果.结果组Ⅰ在气腹后5、10、15min的HR、SBP、DBP及术毕HR高于诱导前的基础值,有显著性差异(P《0.05).组Ⅱ气腹后10min、气腹毕、术毕的HR低于组Ⅰ,有显著性差异(P《0.05).组Ⅱ的术后恶心呕吐发生率低于组Ⅰ,有显著性差异(P《0.05).结论异丙酚全凭静脉麻醉应用于腹腔镜手术是临床安全有效的快通道麻醉方法.     

不同剂量芬太尼复合丙泊酚在中青年妇科腹腔镜手术围术期的应用效果

目的探讨不同剂量芬太尼复合丙泊酚在中青年妇科腹腔镜手术围术期的应用效果。方法将接受妇科腹腔镜手术的57例患者随机分为三组:A组、B组和C组各19例。A组静脉注射芬太尼剂量为1μg/m L+丙泊酚3μg/m L,B组静脉注射芬太尼剂量为2μg/m L+丙泊酚3μg/m L,C组静脉注射芬太尼剂量为4μg/m L+丙泊酚3μg/m L。在麻醉前10 min、插管后1 min、气腹后20 min、术毕解除气腹后20 min分别记录三组的收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)及心率(HR),观察三组术毕停药后清醒时间、拔管时间、气腹时间、镇痛情况及不良反应。结果与麻醉前10 min比较,三组在插管后1 min时SBP、DBP、HR均有所降低(P0.05),B组与C组在气腹后20 min时SBP、DBP、HR高于A组(P0.05),A组、B组在术毕解除气腹后20 min时SBP、DBP、HR高于C组(P0.05)。B组患者在镇痛评分、清醒时间及拔管时间方面均优于A组和C组,三组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),三组在恶心、呕吐、头痛等不良反应方面比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论对于妇科腹腔镜手术,以剂量为6~8μg/m L芬太尼复合丙泊酚3μg/m L静脉注射麻醉,能更有效地控制围术期中所产生的应激反应,稳定血流动力学水平及保证良好的预后恢复。     

曲马多复合丙泊酚对老年患者气管拔管期反应的临床观察

目的 观察曲马多复合丙泊酚对老年患者气管拔管时血流动力学和儿茶酚胺的影响. 方法 选择全麻术毕送PACU的老年患者40例,均为上腹部开腹手术,ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ级择期全麻手术患者,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组20例.观察组于术毕拔管前给予静脉注射曲马多1.0 mg/kg和丙泊酚0.5 mg/kg;对照组给予10 ml生理盐水静脉缓慢推注,3-5 min后 予吸痰拔管.连续监测观察组和对照组拔管前5 min、拔管即刻、拔管后5 min 3个时点的心率(HR)、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、平均动脉压(MAP)及氧饱和度(SpO2);观察呛咳及恶心呕吐发生情况;同时于拔管即刻及拔管后10 min各采血4ml,检测血浆肾上腺素(E)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)浓度. 结果 对照组拔管时HR、SBP、DBP、MAP显著升高,拔管后5 min仍未恢复到术前水平;观察组拔管时HR、SBP、DBP、MAP较对照组更为平稳;两组各指标比较均差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).观察组拔管即刻与拔管后10 min E、NE比较无显著性差异;对照组患者拔管后10 min E较拔管即刻明显增高,与观察组比较有统计学差异(P＜0.05),NE拔管即刻与拔管后10 min比较无明显变化,与观察组比较亦无显著性差异.中重度呛咳率观察组发生例数少于对照组(P＜0.05);两组间恶心、呕吐发生率差异无统计学意义. 结论 老年患者在拔除气管导管前给予曲马多复合丙泊酚能有效预防拔管时老年患者应激反应,且不良反应少.     

高血压患者瑞芬太尼、丙泊酚全凭静脉麻醉腹腔镜胆囊切除术围拔管期心血管反应的预防

[[摘要] 目的 探讨高血压患者瑞芬太尼、丙泊酚全凭静脉麻醉腹腔镜胆囊切除术围拔管期心血管反应的预防措施。方法 60例ASA II～III 级择期行腹腔镜胆囊切除高血压患者随机等分为两组,达到拔除气管导管指征时：对照组静脉推注利多卡因注射液(1.0 mg/kg)+ 瑞芬太尼(0.3 ug/kg)稀释液5 ml,而观察组给予盐酸艾司洛尔注射液(1.0 mg/kg)+瑞芬太尼(0.3ｕg/kg)稀释液5 ml。连续监测心电图（ECG）、收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）、心率（HR）、呼气终末二氧化碳分压(PETCO2)和脉搏氧饱和度（SpO2）。记录给药前（基础值）、拔除气管导管时、拔管后1,5,10 min SBP,DBP ,HR及ECG的ST段的变化,并计算心率和收缩压乘积（RPP）。记录手术时间、术毕患者清醒时间、拔除气管导管时间和麻醉期间用药量。结果 与给药前比较：对照组SBP,DBP,HR和RPP于拔除气管导管时至拔管后1 min或5 min显著升高（P<0.05或P<0.01）;观察组HR和RPP从拔除气管导管时至拔除管后10 min均显著下降（P<0.05）,SBP,DBP则无显著变化（P>0.05）。与观察组比较,对照组HR和RPP于拔管后1,5,10 min均显著加快或升高（P<0.05或P<0.01）,而SBP,DBP于拔管后1 min均显著升高（P<0.01）。围拔管期间对照组镇静程度明显差于观察组（P<0.01）。结论 拔管前静脉注射艾司洛尔（1.0 mg/kg）+瑞芬太尼(0.3 ug/kg)可有效抑制高血压患者瑞芬太尼、丙泊酚全凭静脉麻醉腹腔镜胆囊切除术围拔管期不良心血管反应的发生。 [关键词] 艾司洛尔 瑞芬太尼 丙泊酚 腹腔镜胆囊切除术 高血压     

瑞芬太尼复合异丙酚全凭静脉麻醉在腹腔镜胆囊切除术中的应用

目的:探讨瑞芬太尼复合异丙酚全凭静脉麻醉在腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)中的应用.方法:择期LC手术患者60例,随机等分静吸组和全凭静脉组,两组均以咪达唑仑、异丙酚、芬太尼、维库溴铵诱导后做气管插管.麻醉维持:静吸组用异氟醚吸入,间断辅以芬太尼静注,全凭静脉组将瑞芬太尼和异丙酚混合液持续恒速输入.记录麻醉诱导前、气腹前、气腹后10min、术毕的SBP、DBP、HR,停止麻醉至拔管的时间,拔管时的清醒程度和随访结果.结果:两组间的拔管时间、清醒程度有显著差异.静吸组在气腹后10min的HR、SBP、DBP及术毕HR明显高于术前基础值(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),而全凭静脉组术中无明显变化,术后恶心呕吐发生率也明显低于静吸组.结论:瑞芬太尼复合异丙酚全凭静脉麻醉用于LC手术,具有麻醉效果满意、血流动力学稳定、苏醒快速、术后恶心呕吐率低等优点,且无吸入麻醉药的手术室空气污染.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.