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碳青霉烯类抗生素临床应用与评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
贡联兵 《中国医院用药评价与分析》2010,(3):197-198
目的:评价碳青霉烯类抗生素临床应用概况。方法:收集国内外相关文献,从碳青霉烯类抗生素应用状况、有效性、安全性等方面进行分析评价。结果及结论:碳青霉烯类抗生素目前已普遍应用于临床。 相似文献
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碳青霉烯类抗生素具有抗菌谱广、抗菌活性强和对β-内酰胺酶高度稳定的特点,临床疗效确切。碳青霉烯类抗生素对治疗混合型细菌感染和耐药菌的治疗具有重要意义。本文研究和总结了非经典β-内酰胺类抗生素中碳青霉烯类抗生素的药理活性,对碳青霉烯类抗生素的药理活性进行阐述,以此促进对碳青霉烯类抗生素的合理应用。 相似文献
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碳青霉烯类抗生素的开发与临床应用 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
目的:促进对碳青霉烯类抗生素在临床的合理应用。方法:分3类对碳青霉烯类抗生素的开发史、药理与药效、临床评价、药物相互作用及用法等进行阐述,结合临床应用情况,分析比较了5个品种之间的不同特点。结果:本组抗生素具有抗茵谱广、抗茵活性强和对β-内酰胺酶高度稳定的特性,经临床验证其抗感染疗效确切。结论:对混合性严重感染及时合理地选择碳青霉烯类抗生素是十分有效的。 相似文献
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碳青霉烯类是20世纪80年代开始发展的一组新型广谱的β—内酰胺类抗生素,用于临床不过十余年,对控制耐药菌、产酶菌感染和免疫缺陷者感染,发挥了极其重要的作用。然而,对其临床适应证的定位还存在一些分歧,值得深入讨论,以保证该类药物长时期保持良好的临床疗效。 相似文献
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碳青霉烯类(Carbapenems,CPMS)抗生素的母核是青霉素类基本结构的1位的S原子被C原子取代的一类抗生素,它属β-内酰胺族中90年代发展起来的一类突破性抗生素。 相似文献
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三种碳青霉烯类抗生素特点及临床应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
亚胺培南、帕尼培南、美罗培南均为碳青霉烯类抗生素,属于β -内酰胺抗生素之一,具有超广谱的抗菌活性,覆盖了多数临床常见的需氧G+、G -菌及厌氧菌,因而成为治疗严重感染的一线经验性治疗药物.亚胺培南是第一代产品,帕尼培南、美罗培南是第二代产品,二者比亚胺培南具有更多的优点.下面就三种碳青霉烯类抗生素的化学结构、作用方式、抗菌活性、药代学、药效学、临床应用等特点作一简要介绍. 相似文献
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碳青霉烯类抗生素 ertapenem sodium 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
商品名:Invanz;开发与上市厂商:美国默克公司研制,2002年4月首次在美国上市,后相继在英国、爱尔兰、以色列和菲律宾上市。?A适应证:本品适用于治疗成人的多种细菌感染,包括腹内感染、皮肤和皮肤组织感染、尿路感染、妇产科感染及肺炎。 相似文献
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碳青霉烯类抗生素的研究进展及其在抗感染中的应用评价 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
目的:介绍碳青霉烯类抗生素进展及其临床评价.方法:采用近期国内、外相关文献进行综述.结果与结论:近年来,碳青霉烯抗生素进展十分迅速,其抗菌谱极广,杀菌活性超过头孢菌素,尤以对抗铜绿假单胞菌和耐甲氧西林金葡球菌的活性最为突出;其次,碳青霉烯类抗生素对细菌靶体蛋白、青霉素结合蛋白有良好的选择性毒性,已成为目前有关抗生素研究和开发的重要领域. 相似文献
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抗抑郁药的药理特征与临床评价 总被引:10,自引:1,他引:10
王祖新 《中国医院用药评价与分析》2003,3(5):268-270
目的 :研究抗抑郁药的药理特征与临床评价 ,以期为临床合理应用提供参考。方法 :查阅近期相关国内、外文献 ,对各类抗抑郁药的药理特征与临床评价进行介绍。结果与结论 :抗抑郁药品种类繁多 ,临床施治应根据抑郁类型、靶症状、患者躯体状况和药物不良反应等情况个体化用药 相似文献
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John L. Reid 《British journal of clinical pharmacology》1997,44(1):101-103
Aims To obtain information about the speciality of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics in the United Kingdom.
Methods A survey of the views of 26 individuals in academic posts in clinical pharmacology and therapeutics was carried out by postal questionnaire. Response rate was 100%.
Results Of 25 assessable responses of 25 centres, there were 35 academic staff of professorial status (median 2, range 0–5) and 61 staff of reader/senior lecturer status (median 2, range 0–5) but only 20 clinical staff in training grades in 19 institutions. All had extensive clinical commitments. Two-thirds of respondents considered that the speciality was stable locally and nationally. However, recruitment of trainees was poor with only 8% of responders having several good applicants for each post and 90% reported that recruitment had deteriorated in the last 5–10 years. Likely good future careers for clinical pharmacologists in training were considered by 75–80% of respondents to likely lie in the pharmaceutical industry or regulatory authorities. Greater flexibility is required to facilitate training in clinical pharmacology and therapeutics.
Conclusions Clincal pharmacology and therapeutics in the United Kingdom has a strong academic base but a sub-optimal age structure. Recent experience in recruitment into training posts was disappointing. This may reflect wider problems of recruitment into academic medicine in this country. 相似文献
Methods A survey of the views of 26 individuals in academic posts in clinical pharmacology and therapeutics was carried out by postal questionnaire. Response rate was 100%.
Results Of 25 assessable responses of 25 centres, there were 35 academic staff of professorial status (median 2, range 0–5) and 61 staff of reader/senior lecturer status (median 2, range 0–5) but only 20 clinical staff in training grades in 19 institutions. All had extensive clinical commitments. Two-thirds of respondents considered that the speciality was stable locally and nationally. However, recruitment of trainees was poor with only 8% of responders having several good applicants for each post and 90% reported that recruitment had deteriorated in the last 5–10 years. Likely good future careers for clinical pharmacologists in training were considered by 75–80% of respondents to likely lie in the pharmaceutical industry or regulatory authorities. Greater flexibility is required to facilitate training in clinical pharmacology and therapeutics.
Conclusions Clincal pharmacology and therapeutics in the United Kingdom has a strong academic base but a sub-optimal age structure. Recent experience in recruitment into training posts was disappointing. This may reflect wider problems of recruitment into academic medicine in this country. 相似文献
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非处方药分类管理制度与临床药理学的发展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文论述了临床药理学在建立和实施处方药与非处方药分类管理制度中的作用,以及OTC分类管理制度对临床药理发展的迫切要求,表明了临床药理学进一步发展所面临的新机遇。 相似文献
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Gillian M Shenfield 《Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology》2001,28(11):887-890
1. Clinical pharmacology requires numerous skills and most activities involve interactions with other specialities, both clinical and experimental. 2. A range of experts has had a major influence on the nature and design of my research, which is illustrated by the evolution of my knowledge of adverse drug reactions and how to prevent them. 3. Clinical pharmacologists are uniquely placed to coordinate programmes to achieve quality use of medicines. but we will only achieve our aims if multiple interactions with other experts are encouraged and developed. 相似文献
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胃肠促动力剂的应用进展与临床评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的为临床了解与合理应用胃肠促动力剂提供参考。方法参考国内、外文献,综述胃肠促动力剂应用进展,并对其临床疗效进行评价。结果与结论胃肠促动力剂治疗消化道疾病作用突出,在临床上具有广阔的应用前景。 相似文献
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神经肌肉阻滞药是一种作用于外周神经系统、不具有中枢作用的肌肉松弛药,常作为手术麻醉时的辅助用药,但它的使用会导致阻滞残留作用,临床上常用拮抗药拮抗或者逆转其残留阻滞作用。本文总结了近年来神经肌肉阻滞药及其拮抗药的临床应用及市场现状,并阐述了其在国内的发展机遇和挑战。 相似文献