黄石市2012年手足口病的流行特征及病原学分析

目的了解黄石市2012年手足口病的流行病学特征及规律,为科学制定手足口病的防控策略提供依据。方法利用国家疾病监测信息管理系统获得2012年手足口病疫情资料．对2012年1—12月8957例手足口病病例资料进行统计分析。结果黄石地区手足口病的流行从3月份开始增多,4—5月份急剧上升至高峰,随后逐月下降,11-12月病例数又出现轻微的抬升。发病集中在4—6月份,发病病例占全年病例数的2／3。3岁以下发病人群中男女比例为1．91：1．男性显著性高于女性（X^2=4．29,P〈0．05）,且70％以上为散居儿童。病原学分析显示,2012年以肠道病毒71型为主导。结论手足口病的发生有明显的季节、年龄、性别和职业差异,掌握手足口病的流行病学特征,将有助于更好地开展预防和控制工作。     

2015-2020年重庆市江津区某院手足口病病原学特征及其影响因素分析

目的 了解2015-2020年重庆市江津区手足口病的病原学特征,为提出有针对性的防控措施提供科学依据.方法 收集2015-2020年重庆市江津区某院手足口病例的实验室检测资料并进行流行病学特征分析,分类资料的比较采用x2检验.结果 2015-2020年从手足口病例的5248份临床标本中检出4658份为肠道病毒阳性,其中...     

深圳市某街道2009-2010年手足口病病原体监测分析

目的对2009-2010年深圳市某街道手足口病进行病原学监测分析。方法收集5440份手足口病患者的病原学监测资料,对资料进行描述性分析和χ2检验。结果总肠道病毒（EV71和CoxA16）阳性率为43.3%,其中EV71阳性率为19.4%,CoxA16阳性率为23.9%,二者差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.396,P=0.529）。男性总肠道病毒阳性率为44.7%,女性阳性率为41.4%,不同性别间肠道病毒阳性率差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.076,P=0.783）。各年龄段肠道病毒阳性率差异有统计学意义（χ2=4.241,P=0.039）。12名重症患者中,EV71阳性率75.0%。结论深圳市某街道2009-2010年手足口病流行的病原体为EV71和CoxA16,不同性别的阳性率无差别,各年龄段肠道病毒阳性率差异有统计学意义。     

广州市2008-2011年手足口病流行特征动态研究

目的分析2008年5月至2011年7月广州市手足口病的流行病学特征,以了解流行现状,探讨流行趋势,为制定有效的防控策略奠定基础。方法采用描述性流行病学方法分析2008-2011年广州市手足口病疫情资料的流行特征。手足口病的肛拭子标本从哨点医院获得,采用RT-PCR方法进行病毒核酸检测。结果疫情暴发月份提前,流行强度增大,高位持续时间延长;市区病例构成从2008年下半年的48.32%逐步降至2011年上半年的35.09%,农村地区则从2008年的11.95%逐步升至24.67%,城乡结合部相对稳定在40.30%左右;病例主要在5岁以下婴幼儿,但呈现出低龄化、成人化的两极化发展趋势,男性高于女性;散居儿童病例数构成比从2008年下半年的60.04%增至2011年的68.92%,托幼儿童则从2008年的38.09%降至2011年的28.27%,学生病例2009年以来相对稳定在2.55%左右;肠道病毒71型（EV71）和柯萨奇病毒A组16型（CoxA16）呈现交替流行的现象。结论广州市手足口病疫情不断向低龄儿童、散居儿童和农村地区扩散,同时不同型别的毒株交替出现。手足口病疫情形势严峻,防控难度加大。     

手足口病的现状与展望

手足口病(hand-foot-mouth disease,HFMD)又称发疹性口腔炎.主要由肠道病毒71型(Enterovirus 71,EV 71)和柯萨奇A16型(Coxsackie A16,Cox A16)病毒引起的发疹性传染病.多发于5岁以下婴幼儿,引起手、足、口腔等部位的疱疹,口腔黏膜溃疡和四肢末端水疱样皮疹.少数患儿并发心肌炎、肺水肿、急性弛缓性麻痹和无菌性脑膜炎等,严重病例可以致死.夏秋季多发,病毒主要通过肠道途径和日常接触传播,也可通过空气飞沫传播.近年来,我国大部分地区发生了EV 71型病毒感染引发的手足口病疫情,出现神经系统和呼吸系统损害,导致部分患儿死亡,并形成流行趋势,引起了社会广泛关注.     

手足口病的现状与展望

手足口病（hand-foot-mouth disease,HFMD）又称发疹性口腔炎。主要由肠道病毒71型（Enterovirus71,EV71）和柯萨奇A16型（CoxsackieA16,CoxA16）病毒引起的发疹性传染病。多发于5岁以下婴幼儿,引起手、足、口腔等部位的疱疹,口腔黏膜溃疡和四肢末端水疱样皮疹。少数患儿并发心肌炎、肺水肿、急性弛缓性麻痹和无菌性脑膜炎等,严重病例可以致死。夏秋季多发,病毒主要通过肠道途径和日常接触传播,也可通过空气飞沫传播。近年来,我国大部分地区发生了EV71型病毒感染引发的手足口病疫情,出现神经系统和呼吸系统损害,导致部分患儿死亡,并形成流行趋势,引起了社会广泛关注。     

手足口病的现状与展望

手足口病(hand-foot-mouth disease,HFMD)又称发疹性口腔炎.主要由肠道病毒71型(Enterovirus 71,EV 71)和柯萨奇A16型(Coxsackie A16,Cox A16)病毒引起的发疹性传染病.多发于5岁以下婴幼儿,引起手、足、口腔等部位的疱疹,口腔黏膜溃疡和四肢末端水疱样皮疹.少数患儿并发心肌炎、肺水肿、急性弛缓性麻痹和无菌性脑膜炎等,严重病例可以致死.夏秋季多发,病毒主要通过肠道途径和日常接触传播,也可通过空气飞沫传播.近年来,我国大部分地区发生了EV 71型病毒感染引发的手足口病疫情,出现神经系统和呼吸系统损害,导致部分患儿死亡,并形成流行趋势,引起了社会广泛关注.     

手足口病的现状与展望

手足口病(hand-foot-mouth disease,HFMD)又称发疹性口腔炎.主要由肠道病毒71型(Enterovirus 71,EV 71)和柯萨奇A16型(Coxsackie A16,Cox A16)病毒引起的发疹性传染病.多发于5岁以下婴幼儿,引起手、足、口腔等部位的疱疹,口腔黏膜溃疡和四肢末端水疱样皮疹.少数患儿并发心肌炎、肺水肿、急性弛缓性麻痹和无菌性脑膜炎等,严重病例可以致死.夏秋季多发,病毒主要通过肠道途径和日常接触传播,也可通过空气飞沫传播.近年来,我国大部分地区发生了EV 71型病毒感染引发的手足口病疫情,出现神经系统和呼吸系统损害,导致部分患儿死亡,并形成流行趋势,引起了社会广泛关注.     

CV-A10手足口病分子病原学特征及流行状况进展

自2008年手足口病（hand,foot,and mouth disease,HFMD）纳入国家法定传染病管理以来,引起HFMD的优势病原有所改变。2012年以后由柯萨奇病毒A组10型（coxsackie virus A10,CV-A10）引起的HFMD发病率处于较高水平。本文就CV-A10病原学特征及其所致HFMD流...     

Ongoing change of severe hand,foot, and mouth disease pathogens in Yunnan,China, 2012 to 2016

Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common infectious disease caused by enteroviruses (EVs). In this study, a total of 341 children with serious HFMD were admitted to a pediatric hospital in Yunnan, China in 2012 to 2016. EVs were detected in 283 specimens (83.0%) and were assigned to 17 EV types. Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) was predominant, accounting for 41.6%, and was followed by coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16; 18.8%), CV-A6 (9.1%), CV-A10 and E-9 (2.9%), CV-B5 (1.8%), CV-A9 (1.2%), E-30 (0.9%), E-18, CV-A4, C-B3, and CV-A2 (0.6%) and other EV types such as CV-A8, CV-A14, E-14, E-11, and CV-B4 (0.3%). All of the EV-A71 isolates belonged to C4a; the CV-A16 belonged to B1b or B1a, although the B1b strains were predominant; and CV-A6 belonged to D3. In 2012 to 2014, E-9 was the third most frequent serotype (8.2%, 5.0%, and 6.5%, respectively). E-9 was not detected in 2015 and 2016. CV-A6 was not detected in 2012 but was the second most frequent serotype (25.3%) in 2015. Active etiological surveillance of HFMD makes it necessary to be aware of these emerging pathogens.     

Enterovirus spectrum from the active surveillance of hand foot and mouth disease patients under the clinical trial of inactivated Enterovirus A71 vaccine in Jiangsu,China, 2012‐2013

Epidemiological data from active surveillance on human enterovirus, which could cause hand, foot, and mouth disease, were limited. An active surveillance system was used to investigate the enterovirus spectrum and the incidence of different enteroviruses in infants aged 6–35 months in Jiangsu Province from 2012 to 2013. Fifty‐nine infants were randomly selected from 522 non‐EV‐A71/CV‐A16 HFMD patients. We collected 173 throat swabs and 174 rectal swabs from these infants. RT‐PCR was used to amplify 5'‐UTR and VP1 regions of enteroviruses and the serotypes were determined by the sequence comparison using BLAST. Twenty‐one non‐EV‐A71/CA16 enterovirus serotypes were detected in those infants. E16, E18 were firstly reported in HFMD patients. The four top common non‐EV‐A71/CV‐A enteroviruses among infants were CV‐B3, CV‐A10, CV‐A6, and E9 with the HFMD incidence rates at 1.4%, 0.84%, 0.56%, and 0.47%, respectively. Over 20.8% patients were co‐infected with multiple enteroviruses. Neither the course of sickness nor clinical symptoms of the co‐infected patients was more severe than those infected with single enterovirus. Two patients were infected different enterovirus successively within 2 months. Several new enterovirus serotypes and multiple models of infection associated with HFMD were discovered through the active surveillance system. These data provide a better understanding of the viral etiology of HFMD. J. Med. Virol. 87:2009–2017, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

     

北京市2007-2010年手足口病流行特征分析

目的 通过对2007-2010年北京市手足口病流行病学和病原学特征进行分析,为手足口病防控工作提供依据.方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对北京市2007-2010年手足口病监测数据进行分析,率的比较采用x2检验.结果北京市2007-2010年报告病例数分别为11012例、18445例、24483例和45409例,报告死亡例数分别为0例、2例、4例和18例,报告发病率分别为69.65/10万、112.90/10万、144.44/10万、258.74/10万.流动人口聚集区报告发病例数较多;四季均有病例报告,但以夏秋季为主,5-7月份为发病高峰;发病年龄以5岁及以下儿童为主;男性儿童发病高于女性儿童;散居儿童死亡例数高于幼托儿童.EV71和CoxA16为手足口病的主要致病病原体,EV71病毒均为C4基因型.结论北京市报告手足口病病例数早逐年增加趋势.每年夏秋季节,应加强对5岁以下儿童手足口病的防控工作,流动人口聚居区散居儿童是防控的重中之重.     

Understanding the epidemiological characteristics of EV71 and CVA16 infection to aid the diagnosis and treatment of hand,foot, and mouth disease

Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) have been recognized over the past several years as a highly infectious disease in children. Enterovirus 71 (EV71) and coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16) are the two major causative agents. The objective of this study was to determine the optimal time and method of HFMD detection, explore the seroconversion of IgM and IgG antibodies, and examine the response of neutralizing antibody (NtAb) to EV71 or CVA16. Between January 2016 and December 2017, a total of 460 patients, diagnosed with HFMD based on clinical symptoms and hospitalized in the First Hospital of Jilin University, were recruited for the study. At approximately 72 hours post illness onset, we observed that the positive rate of both IgM and real-time polymerase chain reaction detection of EV71 or CVA16 was the highest, this could be considered as the optimal detection time for clinical diagnosis. During the initial 0 -96 hours, the relative highest IgM and the relative lowest IgG antibody levels were observed. The NtAb titers to EV71 and CVA16 also gradually increased with time, showing a positive correlation with age, and being the predominant factor during the hospitalized days. Thus, our study provides important information for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of HFMD.     

Outbreak of hand,foot and mouth disease/herpangina associated with coxsackievirus A6 and A10 infections in 2010, France: a large citywide,prospective observational study

Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) and herpangina (HA) are frequently caused by several distinct serotypes belonging to the human enterovirus A species (HEVA). Enterovirus 71 is considered as a significant public health threat because of rare but fatal neurological complications. A sentinel surveillance system involving paediatricians from Clermont-Ferrand (France) was set up to determine the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of HFMD/HA associated with enterovirus infections. A standardized report form was used to collect demographic and clinical data. Throat or buccal specimens were obtained prospectively and tested for the presence of enteroviruses. The frequency of HEVA serotypes was determined by genotyping. Phylogenetic relationships were analysed to identify potential new virus variants. From 1 April to 31 December 2010, a total of 222 children were enrolled. The predominant clinical presentation was HA (63.8%) and this was frequently associated with clinical signs of HFMD (48%). An enterovirus infection was diagnosed in 143 (64.4%) patients and serotype identification was achieved in 141/143 (98.6%). The predominant serotypes were coxsackievirus A10 (39.9%) and A6 (28%), followed by coxsackievirus A16 (17.5%) and enterovirus 71 (6.3%). Fever was observed in 115 (80.4%) children. No patient had neurological complications. Coxsackievirus A10 and A6 strains involved in the outbreak were consistently genetically related with those detected earlier in Finland and constituted distinct European lineages. Although several enterovirus serotypes have been involved in HFMD/HA cases, the outbreak described in this population survey was caused by coxsackievirus A6 and coxsackievirus A10, the third dual outbreak in Europe in the last 3 years.